Identify competitors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.1
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Identifying your competitors, their service and/or product. Evaluating competitors strategies to determine their strengths and weaknesses relative to those of your own product or service.
definition: 识别竞争对手及其服务和/或产品；评估其竞争策略，比对其相对于本组织产品或服务的优势与劣势。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.1
preferred label: 识别竞争对手 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate intellectual property
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.10
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Establishing measures and procedures for identifying various intellectual property threats and concerns.
definition: 建立识别各类知识产权威胁与风险的措施与流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.10
preferred label: 评估知识产权 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze and evaluate competition
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.2
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Assessing the competitive forces in the marketplace that could potentially affect the organization. Analyze various aspects of business competition including competing firms. Aggregate competitive intelligence, create benchmarks to juxtapose processes and performance metrics, and inject crucial information about the competition into management models to synthesize insights.
definition: 评估可能影响组织的市场中各类竞争力量。从竞争企业等多维度分析商业竞争要素；整合竞争情报，建立基准以对比流程与绩效指标，并将关键竞争信息注入管理模型，形成综合洞见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.2
preferred label: 分析与评估竞争态势 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify potential product or service alternatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.3
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Examining if there are other existing products or services in the marketplace, and building the business case to make a go/no go decision based upon substitutions.
definition: 考察市场上是否存在其他同类产品或服务，并基于可替代性构建商业论证，支撑“立项/否决”决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.3
preferred label: 识别潜在产品或服务替代方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify economic trends
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.4
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Determining large-scale macroeconomic shifts and trends, with medium to long-term relevance for the organization. Vet the immediate and the larger economic ecosystem to identify broad-based movements that affect the organization. In the immediate vicinity, for example, examine the stock price of key vendors/suppliers in the organizational value-chain. In the larger economic ecosystem, analyze according to geographical distribution where factors such as interest rates, taxation structures, oil prices, and unemployment rates are explored.
definition: 研判具有中长期组织相关性的宏观经济发展动向与趋势。审阅组织所处的即时经济生态与更广泛的宏观经济体系，识别影响组织的全局性变化。例如，在即时层面，考察组织价值链中关键供应商/厂商的股价；在宏观层面，按地理区域分析利率、税收结构、油价、失业率等因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.4
preferred label: 识别经济趋势 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify political and regulatory factors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.5
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Identifying areas of concern pertaining to public policy and regulation, established by sovereign or multinational authorities. Examine various regions and geopolitical formations to identify those political and regulatory issues-present or developing-that can potentially affect the organization. Plan for an iterative process, partitioned across regional and geopolitical entities that have a direct bearing on the organization's activities. Assess changes in environmental compliance, product standards, trade barriers, etc.
definition: 识别由主权国家或多边机构制定的公共政策与监管领域中的风险点。考察不同区域与地缘政治格局，识别当前存在或正在演化的、可能影响组织的政治与监管议题。规划覆盖各相关区域与地缘政治实体的迭代式评估流程；评估环境合规、产品标准、贸易壁垒等方面的变化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.5
preferred label: 识别政治与监管因素 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify environmental factors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.6
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Identifying changes in ecological ecosystems that can be directly or indirectly detrimental to the organization. Analyze ecological factors within the immediate ecosystem for near to middle-term impact. Analyze the ecology, at large, to get a sense of long-term shifts and concerns. Gather analyses from research publications. Speak to subject matter experts. Engage with advocacy groups, lawyers, journalists, and the active populations.
definition: 识别可能直接或间接损害组织的生态环境变化。在组织所处近端生态系统内分析生态因素，评估其短期至中期影响；在宏观生态层面开展分析，把握长期演变趋势与关切议题。参考科研出版物分析成果；咨询领域专家；与倡导组织、律师、记者及公众代表开展交流。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.6
preferred label: 识别环境因素 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify social and cultural changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.7
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Distinguishing changes in societal makeup, as well as the cultural composite. Isolate shifts in the societal composition and distribution, as well as the value systems and attributes that bind the organization together. Analyze well-regarded publications--and gather the perspective of public intellectuals and opinion leaders--on relevant issues.
definition: 辨识社会结构与文化构成的变化。厘清人口组成与分布、价值体系及维系组织凝聚力的关键属性之演变。借助权威出版物，并融合公共知识分子与意见领袖的观点，就相关议题开展分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.7
preferred label: 识别社会与文化变迁 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assess new technologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.8
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Assessing developments in technologies presently being used by the business, new technologies that have a potential for the business, and any disruptive innovations. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Conduct a survey of advancement in technologies that are already deployed with inputs from the personnel closely working with them, tracking utility and feasibility for deployment. Arrange for mid- to senior-level management personnel who explore contingent uses to assess new and disruptive technologies. Follow up with desk research, involving physical scoping and viability assessment.
definition: 评估组织当前使用的技术、具备应用潜力的新技术，以及颠覆性创新技术（含人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术）。调研已部署技术的进展，结合一线操作人员反馈，评估其实用性与部署可行性；安排中高层管理人员探索潜在应用场景，评估新技术与颠覆性技术；辅以案头研究，开展实地勘察与可行性评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.8
preferred label: 评估新兴技术 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze demographics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1.9
broader: Assess the external environment
definition: Analyzing statistical data relating to the size, distribution, and composition of relevant populations, as well as their characteristics. Perform quantitative analysis over raw data-sets gathered from well-founded sources such as government census or large, private databases. Consider employing primary research in collecting required statistics. Use comprehensive studies (reports, briefs, and articles) to assist with the analysis, in place of raw data.
definition: 分析与相关人口规模、分布、构成及特征相关的统计数据。基于政府人口普查或大型私营数据库等权威数据源，开展原始数据集的定量分析；必要时采用一手调研方式采集所需统计信息；亦可借助综合性研究报告、简报与专业文章辅助分析，替代原始数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1.9
preferred label: 分析人口统计特征 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct qualitative/quantitative research and assessments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.2.1
broader: Survey market and determine customer needs and wants
definition: Investigating key market features and customer characteristics, using qualitative and quantitative measures to capture relevant aspects. Distill key ingredients that allow the organization to Capture customer needs and wants [19946], and Assess customer needs and wants [19947]. Conduct standardized appraisals by defining selection parameters and setting quotas.
definition: 运用定性与定量方法，调查关键市场特征与客户属性，以全面捕捉相关维度。提炼核心要素，支撑‘捕捉客户需求与期望’[19946]与‘评估客户需求与期望’[19947]两项活动。通过明确定义筛选参数与设定配额，实施标准化评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.2.1
preferred label: 开展定性/定量研究与评估 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Capture customer needs and wants
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.2.2
broader: Survey market and determine customer needs and wants
definition: Identifying and collecting customers' wants and needs of a product and/or services from a marketing perspective. Identify which consumer needs are important and whether needs are being met by current products/services.
definition: 从营销视角识别并收集客户对产品和/或服务的需求与期望；判断哪些消费者需求至关重要，以及当前产品或服务是否满足这些需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.2.2
preferred label: 捕捉客户需求与期望 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assess customer needs and wants
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.2.3
broader: Survey market and determine customer needs and wants
definition: Creating customer profiles to get a picture of customers and their needs. Identify particular groups of people/organizations that benefit from your product/services and then selling to them.
definition: 构建客户画像，全面了解客户及其需求；识别可从本组织产品或服务中获益的特定人群或组织，并开展精准营销。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.2.3
preferred label: 评估客户需求与期望 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze organizational characteristics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.3.1
broader: Assess the internal environment
definition: Identifying and examining key attributes that differentiate the organization in the market and those that underscore the core of its operations. Consider how the organization functions. Reflect over tangible and intangible aspects in order to spot critical correlations and the interplay between these attributes. Have senior executives conduct the analysis, with input from management and operational personnel.
definition: 识别并审视使组织在市场中脱颖而出的关键属性，以及体现其运营核心的本质特征；思考组织运作方式；兼顾有形与无形要素，发现关键关联及其相互作用；由高级管理人员主导分析，并吸纳管理层与一线运营人员的意见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.3.1
preferred label: 分析组织特性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze internal operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.3.2
broader: Assess the internal environment
definition: Identify key elements of operations and measure effectiveness of these elements within internal operations.
definition: 识别运营关键要素，并评估其在内部运营中的有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.3.2
preferred label: 分析内部运营 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create baselines for current processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.3.3
broader: Assess the internal environment
definition: Establishing baselines that provide standards for assessing performance levels and allow for a relational benchmarking of current processes. Undertake a survey of archival performance records, conducted in conjunction by the management and the operations personnel. Take into account the organization's internal objectives, particularly for process improvement and enhancement. Understand industry best practices.
definition: 建立基准线，为绩效水平评估提供标准，并支持当前流程的关联性对标。联合管理层与运营人员开展历史绩效记录调查；兼顾组织内部目标，特别是流程改进与提升目标；了解行业最佳实践。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.3.3
preferred label: 建立现有流程基线 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze systems and technology
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.3.4
broader: Assess the internal environment
definition: Analyzing the capabilities of technology and process automation systems deployed within the organization in order to direct future associated processes. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Conduct a broad-based survey to examine various aspects associated with such systems and technologies, with the objective of identifying key facets that are of interest. Investigate the intended purpose, purpose served, utility, longevity, remaining service-life, repair or service requirements, etc.
definition: 分析组织内部已部署的技术与流程自动化系统能力，以指导未来相关流程建设。涵盖所有新兴及演进中的技术形式，包括人工智能（AI）。开展广泛调研，全面考察此类系统与技术的各方面特征，识别关键关注维度；深入探究其设计目的、实际效用、使用寿命、剩余服务周期、维修或维保需求等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.3.4
preferred label: 分析系统与技术 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze financial health
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.3.5
broader: Assess the internal environment
definition: Appraising the financial state of the organization so that management can create resource allocation strategies. Scrutinize the organization's financials--including balance sheets, statements of income, cash-flows, equity holdings, and liquidity--with the objective of understanding the organization's financial health and capacities. (This analysis directly feeds into Conduct organizational restructuring opportunities [16792] and Define a business concept and long-term vision [17040].)
definition: 评估组织财务状况，支撑管理层制定资源分配策略。审阅资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表、权益持有情况及流动性等财务数据，以全面把握组织财务健康状况与资源承载能力。（该分析直接支撑‘开展组织重构机会评估’[16792]与‘定义业务概念及长期愿景’[17040]两项活动。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.3.5
preferred label: 分析财务健康状况 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify core competencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.3.6
broader: Assess the internal environment
definition: Determining a strategically significant aggregate of competence and capacities that differentiates the organization in the market. Identify distinguishing attributes including unique skills and resources and its brand and services in the marketplace. Have senior executives and management personnel assess competencies in order to further develop these capabilities into distinct commercial value propositions.
definition: 识别一组具有战略意义的核心能力与资源组合，形成组织在市场中的差异化优势。明确独特技能、资源、品牌及服务等辨识性要素；由高管与管理人员共同评估现有能力，进一步将其发展为具备显著商业价值的价值主张。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.3.6
preferred label: 识别核心能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define the strategic vision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.4.1
broader: Establish strategic vision
definition: Developing goals to define organizations vision. Define and document ideas, direction, and activities which enable the organization to reach these goals.
definition: 制定目标以界定组织愿景。明确并记录支撑目标实现的理念、方向与具体行动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.4.1
preferred label: 定义战略愿景 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Align stakeholders around strategic vision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.4.2
broader: Establish strategic vision
definition: Orienting those entities, associated with the organization that have a direct bearing on its operations and output, in a way that advances its strategic vision. Map all stakeholders in strategic configurations, within the architectural layout of the marketplace, and position the organization relative to them. (This exercise is undertaken by senior strategy personnel, drawing upon the process Define a business concept and long-term vision [17040].)
definition: 对直接影响组织运营与产出的相关实体进行战略引导，推动其实现组织愿景。在市场架构图谱中完成全部利益相关方的战略映射，并准确定位组织与其关系。（此项工作由高级战略人员主导，依托‘定义业务概念及长期愿景’[17040]流程开展。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.4.2
preferred label: 推动利益相关方对齐战略愿景 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate strategic vision to stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.4.3
broader: Establish strategic vision
definition: Developing and executing communication strategies to convey an alignment plan of all organizational stakeholders, which helps the organization realize its vision. Create custom communication strategies and delivery channels with the objective of orienting stakeholders according to the configuration maps created in the process Align stakeholders around a strategic vision [10035]. Have senior strategy personnel closely collaborate with the communications/marketing team.
definition: 制定并执行沟通策略，推动全体组织利益相关方达成愿景对齐。基于‘围绕战略愿景协同利益相关方’[10035]流程所生成的配置图谱，定制化设计沟通策略与传递渠道；高级战略人员须与传播/营销团队紧密协作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.4.3
preferred label: 向利益相关方传达战略愿景 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify restructuring opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5.1
broader: Conduct organization restructuring opportunities
definition: Identifying opportunities for restructuring the organization, through an analysis of internal viability and external contingency. Conduct a broad-based survey of the market landscape, taking the large-scale trends and movements into account, to determine the necessity and possibility of restructuring the organization. Review the organization's internal capacities, the readiness of its process frameworks, the robustness of its financials, the capableness of its systems, the resourcefulness of its personnel, etc. for assimilating an extensive overhaul.
definition: 通过内生可行性与外部环境约束分析，识别组织重构机会。综合考量宏观趋势与市场动态，开展全景式市场格局扫描，研判组织重构的必要性与可行性；同步审视组织内部能力、流程框架成熟度、财务稳健性、系统可靠性、人员应变力等，评估其承接重大变革的准备程度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5.1
preferred label: 识别重构机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform due-diligence
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5.2
broader: Conduct organization restructuring opportunities
definition: Auditing the status quo of the probabilities, before formalizing any restructuring of the organization with another entity. Systematically investigate all entities discerned to be of interest in Identify restructuring opportunities [16793], to verify all tangible and substantial facts. Consider engaging specialist professional services including legal, accounting, and consulting help.
definition: 在正式启动与他方组织的重构合作前，全面审计各方现状。系统核查‘识别重构机会’[16793]中筛选出的潜在合作方，核实所有实质性、可验证的事实；视需要引入法律、会计及咨询等专业服务机构支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5.2
preferred label: 开展尽职调查 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate acquisition options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5.3.1
broader: Analyze deal options
definition: Appraising entities identified as being suitable for acquisition, taking into account the restructuring opportunities in the internal and external context. Verify the appropriateness and viability of the short-listed options. Ensure these entities pertain to the state-of-affairs in the market, as well as fit with the resources and capabilities of the organization.
definition: 评估适配收购的标的实体，结合内外部重构契机综合研判。验证短名单选项的适配性与可行性；确保标的契合当前市场态势，且与组织资源禀赋及核心能力相匹配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5.3.1
preferred label: 评估并购选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Evaluate merger options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5.3.2
broader: Analyze deal options
definition: Appraising entities identified as being suitable for a merger, taking stock of the restructuring opportunities within the firm and the market. Verify the appropriateness and viability of such options. Assess these entities to ensure their pertinence to the contextual state-of-affairs in the market, as well as a fit with the resources and capabilities of the organization itself. (This process can be carried out, in its entirety, by qualified in-house personnel or may be designated to specialist professional services providers.)
definition: 评估适配合并的标的实体，统筹考量组织内部及市场层面的重构机遇。验证合并选项的适配性与可行性；确保标的契合市场现实情境，且与组织自身资源及能力高度匹配。（本流程可由合格内部人员全程执行，亦可委托专业服务机构承担。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5.3.2
preferred label: 评估合并选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Evaluate de-merger options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5.3.3
broader: Analyze deal options
definition: Evaluating departments and subsidiaries within the organization, and/or previously merged entities, to assess the appropriateness of a de-merger, taking account of the fit between these entities as well as any relevant externalities. Examine the pertinence and soundness of a formalized dissociation.
definition: 评估组织内部部门、子公司及既往合并实体，研判分拆的适配性，兼顾实体间适配度及相关外部影响因素；审慎评估正式剥离的合理性与稳健性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5.3.3
preferred label: 评估分拆选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Evaluate divesture options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5.3.4
broader: Analyze deal options
definition: Evaluating departments and/or subsidiaries within the organization to assess the appropriateness of a divestment, taking account of all market externalities. Examine any internal entities that have been identified to be suitable for dismemberment from the organization. Ensure the pertinence and soundness of such a move.
definition: 评估组织内部部门及/或子公司，研判剥离的适配性，全面考量市场外部性；审查已被识别为适宜从组织中分离的内部实体；确保该举措具备充分合理性与实施稳健性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5.3.4
preferred label: 评估剥离选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

AI-Powered Market Analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Define the business concept and long-term vision
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Market Analysis.
definition: AI时代专项活动：AI驱动的市场分析 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.6
preferred label: AI驱动的市场分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define current business
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.1.1
broader: Develop overall mission statement
definition: Defining the status quo relating to the de facto core of what the business is. Reflect over the fundamental essence of what the business accomplishes and the manner in which it operates. Look beyond the obvious solution capabilities to delineate capacities that form the basis of the business engine. Involve senior executives and management personnel and possibly professional services providers.
definition: 界定业务实质现状，即组织事实上赖以立足的核心。反思业务的根本本质及其运作方式；超越显性解决方案能力，深入挖掘构成业务引擎底层基础的能力要素；需高管与管理人员深度参与，必要时引入专业服务机构支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.1.1
preferred label: 界定当前业务范围 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Formulate mission
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.1.2
broader: Develop overall mission statement
definition: Outlining actionable objectives that effectively set a course to fulfill the organization's vision. In this fundamental activity, articulate certain goals or targets in broad but practicable terms to reach long-term objectives.
definition: 设定可执行目标，有效锚定组织愿景实现路径。在此基础性活动中，以宽泛但切实可行的方式，明确若干中长期目标或关键指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.1.2
preferred label: 拟定使命 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate mission
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.1.3
broader: Develop overall mission statement
definition: Developing and executing a communication strategy to convey the mission statement. Create a universal communication strategy and appropriate delivery channels, with the objective of leveraging the latter to execute the former. Convey the inherent message of the mission to all stakeholders, including employees, customers, and the public. Ensure collaboration between senior strategy personnel and the communications/marketing team.
definition: 制定并执行使命陈述传播策略。构建统一传播策略与适配传递渠道，以渠道赋能策略落地；向员工、客户及公众等全体利益相关方准确传达使命内涵；确保高级战略人员与传播/营销团队协同联动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.1.3
preferred label: 传达使命 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

AI-Driven Scenario Planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Driven Scenario Planning.
definition: AI时代活动：人工智能驱动的情景规划（AI-Driven Scenario Planning）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.10
preferred label: AI驱动的情景规划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Select partnerships and relationships to support the extended enterprise
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.1.1
broader: Define strategic options
definition: Supporting the design, manufacture and distribution of product and services through the extended enterprise model. This is concerned with the strategic decisions on make vs buy, in house or out sourced. Senior Executives map out how they want to run their business. Make strategic choices as to whether to buy in components / sub-assemblies, run their own distribution fleet or contract out, own their dealerships or franchise out, etc. Strategize with partnerships. Collaborate design consideration at strategy level for automotive and procurement act within the Target Operating Model set at strategy level.
definition: 依托扩展型企业模式，支撑产品与服务的设计、制造与分销。聚焦“自建 vs 外购”“自主运营 vs 外包”等关键战略抉择；高管层统筹规划业务运营模式，如零部件/子系统采购策略、自有物流车队建设或外包选择、直营经销体系构建或特许经营模式采用等；开展战略级合作伙伴协同设计；在战略层设定目标运营模式（TOM），汽车与采购职能据此开展协同设计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.1.1
preferred label: 遴选支撑扩展型企业的合作伙伴与合作关系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Evaluate shared services options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.10
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating options for shared services and support functions. This should include structure, scale, adaptability to change, and alternative delivery models to balance cost, performance, and operational efficiencies.
definition: 评估共享服务与支持职能的优化选项，涵盖组织架构、规模弹性、变革适应力及替代交付模式，以平衡成本、绩效与运营效率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.10
preferred label: 评估共享服务选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate lean/continuous improvement options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.11
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating options to enhance and optimize processes and functional areas. Understand alternatives to strengthen business capabilities, enhance process efficiencies, and advance performance standards.
definition: 评估流程与职能领域优化提升选项。识别强化业务能力、提升流程效率、提高绩效标准的可行替代路径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.11
preferred label: 评估精益/持续改进选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify implications for key operating model business elements that require change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.2.1
broader: Assess and analyze impact of each option
definition: Determine impacts of elements such as staffing, skills, training, new markets, technology, or policies within operating model which needs change.
definition: 识别运营模式变革所需的关键影响要素，包括人员配置、技能结构、培训需求、新市场拓展、技术升级及政策调整等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.2.1
preferred label: 识别关键运营模式业务要素所需变革的潜在影响 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Identify implications for key technology aspects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.2.2
broader: Assess and analyze impact of each option
definition: Determining key factors for technology ROI, benefits, architecture, etc.
definition: 确定技术投资回报率（ROI）、效益、架构等关键评估因子。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.2.2
preferred label: 识别关键技术要素的潜在影响 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Evaluate B2B options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.3
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating future business to business opportunities against past and current approaches and performance. Gather insights into what competitors and other similar organizations are doing and the needs, goals, and expectations of stakeholders and partners to understand potential future impact.
definition: 对照过往与当前实践及绩效表现，评估未来企业对企业（B2B）机会。收集竞争对手及其他同类组织的实践洞察，结合利益相关方与合作伙伴的需求、目标及期望，研判潜在未来影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.3
preferred label: 评估B2B选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate B2C options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.4
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating future business to customer opportunities against past and current approaches and performance. Gather insights into what competitors and other similar organizations are doing and the needs, goals, and expectations of customers and partners to understand potential future impact.
definition: 对照过往与当前实践及绩效表现，评估未来企业对客户（B2C）机会。收集竞争对手及其他同类组织的实践洞察，结合客户与合作伙伴的需求、目标及期望，研判潜在未来影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.4
preferred label: 评估B2C选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate partner/alliance options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.5
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating partnership and alliance opportunities to deliver products/services. Understand existing product and market models in use across the markets you serve, evolving trends, and the cost/benefit of potential new/updated partnership/alliance options.
definition: 评估通过合作伙伴关系与联盟交付产品/服务的机会。理解所服务市场的现有产品与市场模式、演进趋势，以及潜在新/更新型伙伴关系或联盟选项的成本效益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.5
preferred label: 评估合作伙伴/联盟选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate IP acquisition options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.6
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating intellectual property acquisition options available to scale, modernize, and/or extend product/service reach. Understand the cost, risk, timing and lifecycle value of candidate acquisitions.
definition: 评估知识产权收购选项，以实现产品/服务规模化、现代化或延展覆盖范围。厘清候选收购标的的成本、风险、时间周期及全生命周期价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.6
preferred label: 评估知识产权（IP）获取选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate innovation options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.7
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating innovation options to advance technology, products/services, and/or operational performance.
definition: 评估技术创新选项，以推动技术、产品/服务及/或运营绩效升级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.7
preferred label: 评估创新选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate sustainability options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.8
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating sustainability requirements, stakeholder expectations, and value proposition for options. Understand the potential activities and changes across environmental, social, and governance, the effort required, cost to implement, and benefits gained. The analysis should consider sustainable product/service lifecycles, operations, infrastructure, performance, and workforce.
definition: 评估可持续发展要求、利益相关方期望及各选项的价值主张。全面分析环境、社会与治理（ESG）维度的潜在行动与变革，评估实施所需投入、成本及预期收益；分析应覆盖可持续的产品/服务生命周期、运营、基础设施、绩效及人才体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.8
preferred label: 评估可持续发展选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate global support options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.9
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Evaluating options for global support services and functions. This should include structure, scale, adaptability to change, and alternative delivery models to balance cost, performance, and customer value.
definition: 评估全球支持服务与职能的优化选项，涵盖组织架构、规模弹性、变革适应力及替代交付模式，以平衡成本、绩效与客户价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.9
preferred label: 评估全球支持选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop partner/alliance strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3.1
broader: Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
definition: Defining direction and plan objectives for external relationships and partnering with other companies to deliver product/services. Focus on creating a vision and strategic objectives and culminate in creating measures for the strategic alliance or partnership.
definition: 明确外部合作关系与跨企协同的战略方向与目标，聚焦产品/服务交付。以构建愿景与战略目标为起点，最终形成战略联盟或伙伴关系的衡量指标体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3.1
preferred label: 制定合作伙伴/联盟战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop sustainability strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3.2
broader: Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
definition: Formulating strategic options that create opportunities for the sustenance and prosperity of the business in the long run. Go beyond business longevity to consider alternate strategies that allow the organizations preservation of vitality over time. Earmark resources and target processes, the former of which are dedicated to the absorption of sustainable practices in the latter.
definition: 制定保障企业长期存续与繁荣的战略选项。超越单纯延续性，探索维持组织持久活力的替代路径；统筹配置资源并锁定重点流程，将可持续实践深度融入流程能力建设。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3.2
preferred label: 制定可持续发展战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop merger/demerger/acquisition/exit strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3.3
broader: Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
definition: Defining a strategy for corporate development. Include providing a framework for evaluating merger and acquisition candidates; and planning for a value creation through merging/demerging with a company, acquiring a company, or exiting from an already merged/acquired company.
definition: 制定企业发展战略，包括构建并购候选对象评估框架；规划通过合并、分拆、收购或退出已合并/已收购企业等方式实现价值创造。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3.3
preferred label: 制定合并/分拆/收购/退出战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop innovation strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3.4
broader: Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
definition: Developing a plan and vision to encourage advancements in technology or product/services. Create a roadmap for changing or innovating the business model to make business operations more competitive. Set up new R&D services for changing or bringing new value propositions, services, production processes, and invention of technology not previously used by competitors etc.
definition: 制定技术或产品与服务创新的发展规划与愿景；设计业务模式变革或创新路线图，以提升运营竞争力；设立新的研发（R&D）服务，推动新价值主张、新服务、新生产工艺及竞争对手尚未采用的前沿技术发明。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3.4
preferred label: 制定创新战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop global support strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3.5
broader: Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
definition: Developing a plan to deploy support services and support functions throughout the organization globally. Arrange the organizations functional support areas to create efficiencies of scale in the delivery of support services, globally.
definition: 制定全球范围内部署支持服务与支持职能的规划；统筹组织各职能支持领域，实现支持服务交付的全球规模效应。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3.5
preferred label: 制定全球支持战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop shared services strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3.6
broader: Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
definition: Charting a plan to leverage internal services and support functions throughout the organization. Delineate a framework of parameters and criteria to selectively filter service areas for inclusion among the organizations common resources. Arrange the organizations functional areas to create efficiencies of scale in the delivery of internal services.
definition: 规划全组织范围内对内部服务与支持职能的协同利用；明确参数与筛选标准框架，择优将服务领域纳入组织共用资源池；整合各职能领域，实现内部服务交付的规模效益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3.6
preferred label: 制定共享服务战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop Lean/continuous improvement strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3.7
broader: Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
definition: Developing strategies for the optimization of processes and the improvement of functional areas in order to improve the bottom line. Create a road map of decision choices that would allow the organization to continuously enhance process efficiencies and advance performance standards.
definition: 制定流程优化与职能领域改进策略，以提升盈利水平；绘制决策路径图，支撑组织持续提升流程效率、进阶绩效标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3.7
preferred label: 制定精益管理/持续改进战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Coordinate and align cross-functional and process strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.4
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Aligning the approach and method of individual units, departments, systems, and operations within the organization, in accordance with the larger strategic course adopted. Employ the organization's strategic path to guide the functions, divisions, and operations. Calibrate the plan and method of each functional area, as well as the processes therein, to Select the long-term business strategy [10039].
definition: 统一组织内各单元、部门、系统及运营活动的方法与路径，使其契合整体战略方向；以组织战略路径为指引，统筹各职能、事业部及运营活动；校准各职能领域及其内部流程的方法与规划，对接长期业务战略［10039］。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.4
preferred label: 统筹并协同跨职能及跨流程战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Evaluate breadth and depth of organizational structure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.1
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Evaluating the structural makeup of the organization, including pertinent features of and associated synergies among constituent elements. Examine the organization's architectural framework, paying close attention to the individual elements, the relations among them, and the conjoint and co-acting forces therein. Analyze functions and processes, as well as work-related positions. Scrutinize various relevant characteristics associated with each of them, depending upon the scale, scope, and type of organization.
definition: 评估组织结构构成，包括各组成部分的关键特征及其协同效应；审视组织架构体系，重点关注各构成要素、要素间关系，以及共同作用与协同机制；分析职能、流程及岗位设置；依据组织规模、范围与类型，深入考察各项相关特征。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.1
preferred label: 评估组织结构的广度与深度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform job-specific roles mapping and value-added analyses
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.2
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Appraising job-specific roles within the organizational chart and their hierarchical architecture. Analyze a map of work-related roles within the organizational structure. Examine the value added by the positions associated with jobs to be performed and how they stack up within the organization's operations.
definition: 评估组织架构中岗位角色及其层级关系；分析组织结构内的岗位角色分布图；考察岗位所承载的工作职责对组织运营的价值贡献及其在组织中的定位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.2
preferred label: 开展岗位角色映射与增值分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop role activity diagrams to assess hand-off activity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.3
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Examining the constituent exercises and undertakings within a work-related position for the purpose of effective delegation. Deconstruct job-specific roles into activities and visualize the relations among them, with the objective of assigning responsibilities to the appropriate personnel.
definition: 梳理岗位职责所涵盖的具体工作事项与任务，以支撑有效授权；将岗位职责逐层分解为具体活动，并可视化其相互关联，从而精准匹配人员责任。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.3
preferred label: 绘制岗位活动图以评估交接环节 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform organization redesign workshops
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.4
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Organizing workshop sessions to adopt organizational redesign. Communicate the organizational structure and mapping of responsibilities against job roles in order to facilitate an effective understanding among personnel. Use a collaborative process that may include participative workshop sessions.
definition: 组织工作坊，推动组织重构落地；清晰传达组织架构及岗位—职责映射关系，促进员工准确理解；采用协作式方法，包括参与式工作坊等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.4
preferred label: 组织架构重组工作坊 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Design the relationships between organizational units
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.5
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Fleshing out the connections and dependencies among the various units of the organization. Delineate the relationship among business units or process frameworks within the organization, in terms of activities, synergies, and shared resources and responsibilities. Formalize relationships among business units so that any mutual coherence is clearly understood and can be attended to.
definition: 厘清组织各单元间的联系与依赖关系；界定业务单元或流程框架之间在活动、协同效应、共享资源与共担责任等方面的关联；正式化业务单元间关系，确保协同一致性清晰可识别、可管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.5
preferred label: 设计组织单元间的协作关系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop role analysis and activity diagrams for key processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.6
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Creating an understanding of the fit between job roles and organizational processes in order to properly place personnel. Deconstruct key processes into constituent activities, and examine job-related roles. Take cues from Develop role activity diagrams to assess hand-off activity [10051]. Map appropriate positions against these important processes, which in turn expedite the deployment of staff members.
definition: 建立岗位角色与组织流程的适配认知，实现人岗精准匹配；将关键流程逐层拆解为具体活动，结合岗位职责开展分析；参考“开发角色—活动图以评估交接活动［10051］”，将关键岗位映射至核心流程，加速人员部署。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.6
preferred label: 为关键流程开展岗位分析与活动图设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assess organizational implication of feasible alternatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.7
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Probing the repercussions of all practicable organizational design options. Analyze the significance and impact of workable organizational structure options. Closely examine the long-term impact of these frameworks over the functioning of the organization.
definition: 全面评估所有可行组织设计方案的影响；分析各类可行组织结构方案的意义与影响；重点研判这些框架对组织长期运行效能的深远影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.7
preferred label: 评估可行备选方案对组织的影响 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Migrate to new organization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5.8
broader: Create organizational design
definition: Embracing and ratifying a new organizational structure. (Assume the new framework to be the best fit through Assess the organizational implications of feasible alternatives [10055].)
definition: 采纳并正式批准新组织架构。（基于“评估可行替代方案的组织影响［10055］”认定该框架为最优适配方案。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5.8
preferred label: 实施组织架构迁移 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify organizational objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.6.1
broader: Develop and set organizational objectives
definition: Creating and developing strategic objectives that establishes a process to outline expected outcomes and guide employees' efforts.
definition: 制定并完善战略目标，建立预期成果界定机制，引导员工行动方向。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.6.1
preferred label: 识别组织目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish baseline metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.6.2
broader: Develop and set organizational objectives
definition: Establishing baselines that provide standards for assessing performance. Create metrics and KPI's for various functions/processes/activities based on organizational goals.
definition: 确立绩效评估基准，为各职能、流程及活动设定衡量标准；依据组织目标，构建相应指标与KPI。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.6.2
preferred label: 建立基准度量指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor performance against objective
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.6.3
broader: Develop and set organizational objectives
definition: Defining methodology and frequency of assessment for measuring and monitoring performance of various functions/processes/activities against standard set goals.
definition: 明确绩效评估的方法与频次，用于衡量和监控各职能、流程及活动对既定目标的达成情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.6.3
preferred label: 监控目标达成绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze business unit strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.7.1
broader: Formulate business unit strategies
definition: Assessing the performance of a business unit against set organizational goals which are based on pre-defined metrics collected through various business unit operations.
definition: 依据预设指标（源自各业务单元运营数据），评估业务单元对组织目标的达成情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.7.1
preferred label: 分析业务单元战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify core competency for each business unit
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.7.2
broader: Formulate business unit strategies
definition: Determining the resources and skills of each business unit based on knowledge and technical capacity. Enable business units to meet customer needs and grow in a competitive marketplace.
definition: 基于知识储备与技术能力，评估各业务单元的资源与技能水平；赋能业务单元更好满足客户需求，在竞争市场中持续成长。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.7.2
preferred label: 识别各业务单元的核心能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Refine business unit strategies in support of organizational strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.7.3
broader: Formulate business unit strategies
definition: Evaluating existing business unit strategy based on the company's strategy and eliminate unwanted/unnecessary resources/elements and re-consider necessary resources to meet the overall company's strategy.
definition: 依据公司整体战略，评估现有业务单元战略，剔除冗余/非必要资源与要素，重新审视并配置必要资源，确保全面支撑公司战略落地。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.7.3
preferred label: 优化业务单元战略以支撑整体组织战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify and review customer touchpoints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.1.1
broader: Assess customer experience
definition: Creating methods to gauge customer experiences, expectations, and suggestions. Review both liked and disliked areas of product/services to be delivered. Evaluate touchpoints based on the nature of product/service in the market e.g., billboards, web sites, direct mail, service calls, etc.
definition: 构建客户体验、期望与建议的评估方法；复盘产品/服务中客户喜爱与不满意的环节；结合产品/服务特性（如广告牌、网站、直邮、服务电话等），评估各触点表现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.1.1
preferred label: 识别并评审客户触点 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Assess customer experience across touchpoints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.1.2
broader: Assess customer experience
definition: Evaluating customer experiences, expectations, and suggestions in both liked and disliked areas of the product or services. Analyze all modes of communication, human and physical interactions, or customers experience during the relationship lifecycle with your organization. Evaluate the gaps/further development/alterations to the existing product/service to attain better customer response.
definition: 在客户喜爱与不满意的维度上，全面评估其体验、期望与建议；分析客户与组织全生命周期中的人机交互、物理接触及各类沟通渠道；识别现有产品/服务需弥补的差距、迭代方向或优化空间，以提升客户响应效果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.1.2
preferred label: 评估全触点客户体验 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Perform root cause analysis of problematic customer experiences
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.1.3
broader: Assess customer experience
definition: Analyzing the core reason for the customer experience/feedback/response about the product/service to take considerable action for better customer experience.
definition: 深度剖析客户针对产品/服务的体验、反馈或响应的根本成因，据此采取切实举措，持续优化客户体验。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.1.3
preferred label: 针对问题客户体验开展根因分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Define and manage personas
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2.1
broader: Design customer experience
definition: Identifying a set of characteristics that define the demographic and behavioral patterns of the customer. Further, use persona scoring to design your marketing strategies around personas, and measure and optimize your interactions with the contacts classified by a certain persona.
definition: 识别定义客户人口统计与行为特征的关键属性；进一步运用用户画像评分，围绕典型客户画像定制营销策略，并对归类于特定画像的客户触点进行效果度量与持续优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2.1
preferred label: 定义并管理用户画像 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Create customer journey maps
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2.2
broader: Design customer experience
definition: Creating a story of the customer's experience: from initial contact, through the process of engagement and into a long-term relationship. The goal is to teach organization about the customer.
definition: 构建客户旅程故事：覆盖初次接触、互动参与直至长期关系建立全过程；旨在帮助组织深入理解客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2.2
preferred label: 绘制客户旅程地图 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Define single view of the customer for the organization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2.3
broader: Design customer experience
definition: Defining parameters to show aggregated, consistent, and holistic representation of known data about customers. Define key parameters which enable the tracking of customers and communications across every channel.
definition: 定义关键参数，实现客户数据的聚合化、一致性与全景化呈现；明确支撑跨渠道客户追踪与沟通管理的核心参数。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2.3
preferred label: 构建企业级统一客户视图 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Define a vision for the customer experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2.4
broader: Design customer experience
definition: Establishing a direction and vision on how the organization behaves towards customers in a consistent, effective way. The key attributes for customer experience vision consists of emotional connection, commitments and expectations, compelling value proposition, and ease of understanding the organization's behavior.
definition: 确立组织面向客户的统一行为方向与体验愿景，确保一致、高效；客户体验愿景的核心要素包括情感连接、承诺与期望管理、有力的价值主张，以及组织行为的易理解性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2.4
preferred label: 确立客户体验愿景 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Validate with customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2.5
broader: Design customer experience
definition: Creating a process to validate the sales process and the assumptions that underpin the business model. Understand if the products/services have a repeatable, scalable business model around that product.
definition: 验证销售流程及业务模式底层假设；判断产品/服务是否具备可复制、可扩展的商业模式基础。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2.5
preferred label: 开展客户验证 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Align experience with brand values and business strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2.6
broader: Design customer experience
definition: Aligning and defining a relevant, differentiated, and credible value proposition for the brand. Align experience to ensure that the product and service quality is consistent with brand promise and business strategies.
definition: 对齐并定义品牌相关、差异化且可信的价值主张；确保客户体验与品牌承诺、业务战略保持一致，保障产品与服务质量稳定可靠。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2.6
preferred label: 确保客户体验与品牌价值观及业务战略一致 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Develop content strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2.7
broader: Design customer experience
definition: Planning, development, and management of content-written or in other media. Getting the right content to the right user at the right time through strategic planning of content creation, delivery, and governance.
definition: 开展内容（文字或其他媒介形式）的规划、开发与管理工作；通过内容创作、交付与治理的战略规划，实现“在正确时间、向正确用户、传递正确内容”。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2.7
preferred label: 制定内容策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Identify required capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.3.1
broader: Design customer experience support structure
definition: Determining the necessary skills and competencies required to efficiently collect customer experiences through the support structure.
definition: 明确支撑结构所需具备的客户体验采集能力与胜任力要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.3.1
preferred label: 识别所需业务能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Identify impact on functional processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.3.2
broader: Design customer experience support structure
definition: Identifying the affect of customer experience through customer experience support structure on other functions of customer services related to customer.
definition: 识别客户体验支持结构对客户服务其他职能（面向客户）产生的影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.3.2
preferred label: 识别对职能流程的影响 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Develop customer experience roadmap to develop and implement defined capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.4
broader: Develop customer experience strategy
definition: Defining a standard guideline to create and execute the capacities of registering customer experiences in a timely manner. Create a common understanding of what behaviors are required to implement the strategy. Define what talent/skills your organization needs to reach customer experience goals.
definition: 制定客户体验登记能力的标准化指南，确保及时登记；统一战略执行所需的行为规范；明确组织达成客户体验目标所需的人才与技能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.4
preferred label: 制定客户体验路线图，推动能力开发与落地 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate strategies internally and externally
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.9
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Conveying planned procedures and methods to both internal departments and external stakeholders like customers, suppliers, etc., in an effective manner based on organizational objective.
definition: 依据组织目标，以高效方式向内部部门及客户、供应商等外部利益相关方传达既定流程与方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.9
preferred label: 内外部战略沟通 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify strategic priorities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.1.1
broader: Develop strategic initiatives
definition: Creating a statement of the organization's direction to guide decision making around the allocation of resources. Provide a focus on the organization's overarching goals to ensure coherent and considered action. Strategic objectives are ranked by their importance in achieving the strategic goals. All subsequent operational or tactical planning and resource allocation is based on strategic priorities
definition: 制定组织发展方向声明，指导资源配置决策；聚焦组织总体目标，确保行动连贯且审慎；按对达成战略目标的重要程度排序战略目标；后续所有运营或战术规划及资源分配均以战略优先级为依据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.1.1
preferred label: 识别战略优先事项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop strategic initiatives based on business/customer value
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.1.2
broader: Develop strategic initiatives
definition: Creating a statement of the organization's direction based on what is considered "value" to the customer or business.
definition: 基于客户或业务所认定的“价值”，制定组织发展方向声明。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.1.2
preferred label: 基于业务价值与客户价值制定战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Review with stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.1.3
broader: Develop strategic initiatives
definition: Developing a process for stakeholder dialog that is integrated into the assessment of business strategies. Report on the evaluation of the business objectives, strategies, subject, or past events.
definition: 建立嵌入业务战略评估全过程的利益相关方对话机制；就业务目标、战略、主题或过往事件的评估结果进行汇报。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.1.3
preferred label: 与相关方评审 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine business value for each strategic priority
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.2.1
broader: Evaluate strategic initiatives
definition: Establishing a standard measure of value to determine the business worth for each of the Identify strategic priorities [19975]. List the effectiveness and utility for every important strategic element based on the benefit it adds to the business.
definition: 建立统一价值衡量标准，用于评估每一项已识别战略优先事项[19975]的商业价值；基于各关键战略要素为业务带来的收益，分别评估其有效性与实用性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.2.1
preferred label: 确定各战略优先事项的业务价值 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine the customer value for each strategic priority
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.2.2
broader: Evaluate strategic initiatives
definition: Analyzing the value preposition; the value the customer gets from a product/services for each of your Identify strategic priorities [19975]. Customer value is the satisfaction a consumer feels after making a purchase for goods or services relative to what he/she must give up to receive them.
definition: 分析价值主张——即客户从产品/服务中获得的价值（对应每一项已识别战略优先事项[19975]）；客户价值指消费者在购买商品或服务后，所获满足感与其所付出成本之间的相对关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.2.2
preferred label: 确定各战略优先事项的客户价值 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Prioritize strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.3.1
broader: Select strategic initiatives
definition: Listing the most effective procedures in the order of most important to the least. Create measures or filter for determining which of many "strategic initiatives" is most important to the least important.
definition: 按重要性由高到低排序最有效的流程；建立衡量标准或筛选机制，对多项“战略举措”进行重要性分级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.3.1
preferred label: 对战略举措进行优先级排序 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate strategic initiatives to business units and stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.3.2
broader: Select strategic initiatives
definition: Establishing procedures for communications within the organization which creates the road map for successful understanding of strategic initiatives for both business units and stakeholders (internal and external).
definition: 建立组织内部沟通规程，为业务单元及内外部利益相关方理解战略举措提供清晰路径图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.3.2
preferred label: 向业务单元及相关方传达战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify business value drivers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.4.1
broader: Establish high-level measures
definition: Determining key indicators or factors responsible for driving business value. Key business value drivers comprise of operational, financial, and sustainability drivers.
definition: 识别驱动业务价值的关键指标或因素；核心业务价值驱动因素包括运营类、财务类及可持续性类驱动因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.4.1
preferred label: 识别业务价值驱动因素 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish baselines for business value drivers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.4.2
broader: Establish high-level measures
definition: Establishing baseline measures that provide standards for assessing performance of Identify business value drivers [19982].
definition: 建立基准值，作为评估“识别业务价值驱动因素”[19982]绩效的标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.4.2
preferred label: 为业务价值驱动因素设定基准线 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor performance against baselines
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.4.3
broader: Establish high-level measures
definition: Overseeing the progress of activities to ensure they are on-course and on-schedule in meeting the objectives and performance targets against Establish baselines for business value drivers [19983].
definition: 监控各项活动进展，确保其按既定目标与绩效指标推进，并对标“为业务价值驱动因素建立基准值”[19983]持续校准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.4.3
preferred label: 监控实际绩效与基准线的偏差 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Execute strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.5
broader: Develop and measure strategic initiatives
definition: Successfully implement strategic initiatives. Execution of strategy is also defined as the process of implementing logical set of connected activities by an organization to make a strategy work.
definition: 高效落地战略举措；战略执行亦指组织为使战略生效而系统开展的一系列逻辑关联活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.5
preferred label: 执行战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Review execution of strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.6
broader: Develop and measure strategic initiatives
definition: Periodic review of initiatives based performance, conditions, and marketplace response.
definition: 依据绩效表现、环境变化及市场反馈，定期复盘战略举措。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.6
preferred label: 评审战略举措执行情况 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Refine strategic initiatives and project plans as needed
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.7
broader: Develop and measure strategic initiatives
definition: Performing required updates to strategic initiatives based upon changes in the marketplace or performance.
definition: 根据市场变化或绩效结果，及时更新战略举措。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.7
preferred label: 按需优化战略举措及项目计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Assemble business model information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.1.1
broader: Develop business models
definition: Collecting all relevant materials needed to develop the business model, so that it can adequately model its processes.
definition: 全面收集构建业务模型所需的全部相关资料，确保模型能准确刻画组织业务流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.1.1
preferred label: 汇总业务模型信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Secure appropriate approvals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.1.2
broader: Develop business models
definition: Obtaining required permissions, licenses and authorizations that legitimize the business, help to mitigate associated risks and safeguard the operations.
definition: 获取必要的许可、资质与授权，以合法化经营、降低关联风险并保障运营安全。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.1.2
preferred label: 获取必要审批 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify integration points with existing models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.1.3
broader: Develop business models
definition: Ensuring coherence with pre-exsiting models to avoid contradictions between models. Make sure that all models represent the same long-term vision.
definition: 确保与既有模型保持一致，避免模型间矛盾；所有模型须共同支撑同一长期愿景。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.1.3
preferred label: 识别与现有模型的集成点 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Adopt the business model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.1.4
broader: Develop business models
definition: Consenting to a particular business model and formally accepting it to serve as the set of guiding principles in operating the company.
definition: 正式批准并采纳特定业务模型，将其确立为公司日常运营的指导原则体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.1.4
preferred label: 正式采纳业务模型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish business model maintenance parameters
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.2.1
broader: Maintain business models
definition: Determining the timeline, procedures and responsibilities for reviewing the business model and for updating it to best serve the organization.
definition: 明确业务模型评审与更新的时间节点、操作规程及责任主体，确保模型持续适配组织需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.2.1
preferred label: 设定业务模型维护参数 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Accept business model feedback parameters
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.2.2
broader: Maintain business models
definition: Deciding the type of responses, reactions, sentiments and insights that are crucial to be taken into consideration with business model maintenance.
definition: 界定业务模型维护过程中需重点关注的反馈类型，包括响应、反应、情绪倾向及深层洞察。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.2.2
preferred label: 明确业务模型反馈接收机制 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Prioritize and manage incoming feedback
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.2.3
broader: Maintain business models
definition: Evaluating the feedback regarding products, services, processes or resources. Determine which judgments are critical and mandate changes to the current business model to better deliver the desired value
definition: 评估关于产品、服务、流程或资源的反馈；识别关键判断结论，据此决定是否必须调整现行业务模型，以更有效地交付预期价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.2.3
preferred label: 对输入反馈进行优先级排序与管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Update existing models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.2.4
broader: Maintain business models
definition: Modifying the business models that are presently in use in response to incoming feedback or changing markets to achieve the enterprise business goals.
definition: 依据新反馈或市场变化，及时调整现行业务模型，以支撑企业整体业务目标的达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.2.4
preferred label: 更新现有业务模型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish business model governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.3
broader: Develop and maintain business models
definition: Creating and implementing a strategy, responsibilities and control mechanisms for managing business models that are timely, efficient and cost-effective.
definition: 构建并实施一套及时、高效、低成本的业务模型管理策略、职责体系与管控机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.3
preferred label: 建立业务模型治理机制 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define IT strategy alignment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Strategy Management
broader: Strategy Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Strategy Management'.
definition: ITIL“战略管理”实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.5.1
preferred label: 定义IT战略对齐机制 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Assess strategic options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Strategy Management
broader: Strategy Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Strategy Management'.
definition: ITIL“战略管理”实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.5.2
preferred label: 评估战略备选方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Execute strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Strategy Management
broader: Strategy Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Strategy Management'.
definition: ITIL“战略管理”实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.5.3
preferred label: 执行战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Confirm alignment of property requirements with business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.1.1
broader: Develop property strategy and long term vision
definition: Creating alignment between the requirement of properties and the overall business strategy. This process requires the organization to align the requirement of properties in accordance with its business strategies of the organization.
definition: 实现物业需求与整体业务战略的协同；确保物业配置规划与组织业务战略保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.1.1
preferred label: 确认不动产需求与业务战略的一致性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Appraise the external environment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.1.2
broader: Develop property strategy and long term vision
definition: Evaluating the impact of the external environment. Evaluate the circumstances, objects, events, and aspects surrounding an organization that affects its actions and selections and that recognizes its opportunities and risks.
definition: 评估外部环境影响；研判组织所处环境中影响其决策与行动的各类因素（包括形势、对象、事件及要素），识别发展机遇与风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.1.2
preferred label: 评估外部环境 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine build, buy, or lease decision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.1.3
broader: Develop property strategy and long term vision
definition: Deciding whether to buy or build properties. Study the market forces about property prices and cost of construction in order to take decisions based on the market research.
definition: 决策自建或购置物业；基于房地产市场价格与建造成本等市场调研结果作出决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.1.3
preferred label: 决策自建、购置或租赁方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design facility
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.2.1
broader: Plan facility
definition: Preparing and analyzing different designs for a facility in order to finalize which design will be the most suitable option.
definition: 编制并比选多种设施设计方案，最终确定最优方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.2.1
preferred label: 设计设施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze budget
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.2.2
broader: Plan facility
definition: Evaluating the feasibility of budgets prepared for the construction of facilities.
definition: 评估设施建设项目预算的可行性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.2.2
preferred label: 分析预算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Select property
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.2.3
broader: Plan facility
definition: Assessing and choosing the appropriate property. Analyze the property requirements. Review the available property options. Finalize the most suitable option.
definition: 评估并选定适配物业；分析物业需求，梳理可选资源，择优确定最终方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.2.3
preferred label: 遴选不动产 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Negotiate terms for facility
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.2.4
broader: Plan facility
definition: Discussing the terms and conditions of facilities to be occupied according to the business requirements and availability of budgets.
definition: 依据业务需求及预算可用性，协商拟入驻设施的条款与条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.2.4
preferred label: 协商设施条款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage construction or modification to building
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.2.5
broader: Plan facility
definition: Constructing the buildings. Manage renovations according to requirements and demands.
definition: 组织实施建筑施工及按需开展的装修改造。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.2.5
preferred label: 管理建筑施工或改造工程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Acquire workspace and facilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.3.1
broader: Provide workspace and facilities
definition: Attaining the office space with all assets (tables, chairs, computers, admin staff, etc.) according to requirements.
definition: 按需落实配备齐全（含桌椅、计算机、行政人员等）的办公空间。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.3.1
preferred label: 获取办公场所与配套设施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Change fit/form/function of workspace and facilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.3.2
broader: Provide workspace and facilities
definition: Modifying the formation of the workspace and its assets. Make necessary changes in an office space with all assets (tables, chairs, computers, admin staff, interior designing, etc.) according to requirements.
definition: 调整办公场所及其资产的布局配置。根据业务需求，对办公空间内的全部资产（如桌椅、计算机、行政人员、室内设计等）进行必要变更。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.3.2
preferred label: 调整工作场所与设施的形态、功能与适配性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Relocate people
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.4.1
broader: Manage facilities operations
definition: Shifting staff or employees from one place to another place according to changes in business requirements.
definition: 依据业务需求变化，实施员工跨地点调配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.4.1
preferred label: 人员搬迁 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Relocate material and tools
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.4.2
broader: Manage facilities operations
definition: Relocating the tools and raw materials. Shift raw or finished material and machines of company from one place to another place according to changes in business requirements.
definition: 实施工具与原材料的搬迁。依据业务需求变化，将公司原材料、产成品及设备在不同地点间转移。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.4.2
preferred label: 物资与工具搬迁 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide facility access and security
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.4.3
broader: Manage facilities operations
definition: Ensuring safe, controlled access to organizational facilities by implementing and maintaining physical security protocols, systems, and procedures. This includes issuing and managing access credentials; monitoring entry points; coordinating visitor access; and operating security technologies such as surveillance, alarms, and access-control systems. Establish and enforce policies to protect employees, visitors, assets, and information; respond to security incidents or breaches; and routinely assess the effectiveness of security measures.
definition: 通过建立并持续维护物理安全制度、系统与流程，确保组织设施的安全、受控访问。包括：门禁凭证的发放与管理；出入口监控；访客通行协调；以及视频监控、报警系统、门禁控制系统等安防技术的运行。制定并执行保护员工、访客、资产及信息的安全政策；响应安全事件或违规行为；定期评估安全措施有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.4.3
preferred label: 提供设施出入权限与安全保障 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

AI-Powered Predictive Maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Plan and acquire assets
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Predictive Maintenance.
definition: AI时代活动：AI驱动的预测性维护（Predictive Maintenance）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.5
preferred label: AI驱动的预测性维护 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define capital investment plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.1.1
broader: Manage capital program for assets
definition: Establishing what funds will be invested in the construction of assets for the advancement of established business objectives.
definition: 明确为实现既定业务目标而投入资产建设的资金规模。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.1.1
preferred label: 制定资本投资计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor capital program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.1.2
broader: Manage capital program for assets
definition: Monitoring plans on capital projects. Capital projects can be purchasing buildings, lands, etc.
definition: 监控资本性项目计划执行情况。资本性项目包括购置楼宇、土地等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.1.2
preferred label: 监控资本项目执行 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Secure construction financing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.1.3
broader: Manage capital program for assets
definition: Acquiring the loans needed to construct necessary assets.
definition: 筹措资产建设所需的贷款资金。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.1.3
preferred label: 筹措工程建设融资 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop construction strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.2.1
broader: Design and plan asset construction
definition: Developing a strategy to perform asset construction. Assure that timelines, regulations, and resources are on task and on budget.
definition: 制定资产建造实施策略，确保工期、法规遵从性及资源配置均符合进度与预算要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.2.1
preferred label: 制定工程建设策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform construction performance management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.2.2
broader: Design and plan asset construction
definition: Managing the construction process to ensure that activates are on task, on budget, and are being performed with safety and quality in mind.
definition: 全过程管控建设实施，确保作业按期、按预算推进，并兼顾安全与质量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.2.2
preferred label: 实施工程建设绩效管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Obtain construction permissions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.2.3
broader: Design and plan asset construction
definition: Gathering the required permits for construction from the proper jurisdiction. This may include inspections during and after construction to verify that the new asset meets all national, regional, and local codes.
definition: 向属地主管部门申领建设所需全部许可。包括建设期间及竣工后的各类检查，以验证新建资产符合国家、区域及地方各项规范标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.2.3
preferred label: 获取工程建设许可 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.2.4
broader: Design and plan asset construction
definition: Designing assets to meet organizational needs as well as ensuring that the asset adheres to all national, regional, and local construction codes.
definition: 开展资产设计，满足组织功能需求，并确保完全符合国家、区域及地方各项建设规范。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.2.4
preferred label: 资产设计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan construction resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.2.5
broader: Design and plan asset construction
definition: Determining what resources will need to be acquired in order to carry out construction. Plan when, where, and how resources will be used. Determine the length of time resources will be utilized.
definition: 识别建设所需各类资源，规划其使用时间、地点与方式，并明确资源使用周期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.2.5
preferred label: 规划工程建设资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Schedule construction work
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.3.1
broader: Schedule and perform construction work
definition: Defining a timetable for which to execute the construction of the asset.
definition: 明确资产建设任务的具体执行时间表。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.3.1
preferred label: 安排工程建设作业计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Obtain resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.3.2
broader: Schedule and perform construction work
definition: Gathering resources needed to complete all construction work. Verify that all resources have the proper training and skills to perform the work.
definition: 整合完成全部建设工作所需资源，并确认相关人员具备相应资质与技能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.3.2
preferred label: 获取工程建设所需资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Construct new assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.3.3
broader: Schedule and perform construction work
definition: Building new assets necessary for the organization. Be aware of any construction codes and permits that need to be addressed.
definition: 新建组织必需的资产，同步关注需履行的建设规范与许可要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.3.3
preferred label: 新建资产 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Augment existing assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.3.4
broader: Schedule and perform construction work
definition: Modifying existing assets to align with the changing needs of the organization. Be aware of any construction codes and permits that need to be addressed.
definition: 改造现有资产以适配组织发展新需求，同步关注需履行的建设规范与许可要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.3.4
preferred label: 扩充现有资产 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Renew/Replace assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.3.5
broader: Schedule and perform construction work
definition: Determining the need to replace existing assets. Be aware of any construction codes and permits that need to be addressed.
definition: 评估现有资产更换必要性，并同步关注需履行的建设规范与许可要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.3.5
preferred label: 更新或替换资产 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor work performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.4.1
broader: Manage asset construction
definition: Monitoring construction to insure that all regulatory laws are being adhered to, that all work is being performed in a timely manner, and that quality assurance is met at all steps of the construction process.
definition: 全过程监控建设实施，确保各项法规得到贯彻、作业按期推进、各阶段质量达标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.4.1
preferred label: 监控工程建设绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Undertake construction quality control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.4.2
broader: Manage asset construction
definition: Implementing a checks and balances system to verify that the construction was performed correctly. Rework when errors are found.
definition: 建立复核机制，验证建设成果是否符合要求；发现问题及时返工整改。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.4.2
preferred label: 开展工程建设质量控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create work and asset records
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.4.3
broader: Manage asset construction
definition: Implementing records to include all construction work that has been performed. Include all new or modified construction, and any construction or regulatory issues that might have occurred.
definition: 建立完整建设档案，涵盖全部新建或改造工程内容，以及过程中出现的任何工程或合规问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.4.3
preferred label: 建立作业与资产记录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage safety, security, and access to sites
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.4.4
broader: Manage asset construction
definition: Ensuring that safety, security, and access is maintained. Provide a workplace that meets and exceeds all local, state, and federal guidelines. Provide security and access to the building site as set forth by safety and organizational guidelines.
definition: 持续保障现场安全、安保与访问可控性；提供符合并优于国家、省、市各级安全规范的工作环境；按组织安全准则与现场管理要求，落实工地安保与出入管控。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.4.4
preferred label: 管理施工现场的安全、安保与出入管控 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Schedule and perform commissioning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.4.5
broader: Manage asset construction
definition: Scheduling and performing commissioning activities to verify that constructed assets operate as intended, meet specified requirements, and are ready for handover, use, or operational acceptance.
definition: 统筹安排并执行系统联调与试运行（Commissioning），验证建成资产功能符合设计意图、满足技术规格要求，并具备移交、启用或正式验收条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.4.5
preferred label: 安排并执行资产投运（Commissioning） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop maintenance strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1.1
broader: Plan asset maintenance
definition: Creating goals and agendas to better realize the success of the maintenance policies that have been put into place.
definition: 设定阶段性目标与工作重点，推动既定资产维护政策有效落地并持续优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1.1
preferred label: 制定维护策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze assets and predict maintenance requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1.2
broader: Plan asset maintenance
definition: Evaluating assets in order to project future requirements for maintenance. Evaluate the present working condition of assets. Determine the future maintenance requirements of assets.
definition: 开展资产状态评估，预判未来维护需求；分析资产当前运行状况，明确中长期维护计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1.2
preferred label: 分析资产状态并预测维护需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Specify maintenance policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1.3
broader: Plan asset maintenance
definition: Communicating policies in regards to asset maintenance. Provide a clear set of procedures and policies that outline what will be involved in the maintenance process.
definition: 宣贯资产维护相关政策，提供清晰、可操作的维护流程与管理规范。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1.3
preferred label: 明确维护政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Integrate preventive maintenance into operations schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1.4
broader: Plan asset maintenance
definition: Devising a methodology and procedure for assimilating the works of planned maintenance into the schedule scheme for the processing of finished products that utilizes the same machinery.
definition: 制定计划性维护作业与产线生产排程的协同机制，确保共用设备的维护窗口与产品交付节奏相匹配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1.4
preferred label: 将预防性维护纳入运营排程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify work management tasks & priorities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1.5
broader: Plan asset maintenance
definition: Identifying the steps needed for asset maintenance. List out the those tasks that are involved in completing this process. Prioritize the tasks that are created.
definition: 梳理资产维护全流程关键步骤，形成标准化任务清单，并依风险、影响与紧急程度进行优先级排序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1.5
preferred label: 识别维修作业任务及优先级 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct resource planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1.6
broader: Plan asset maintenance
definition: Analyzing workload needs in relation to asset maintenance and plan resources around those needs.
definition: 分析资产维护工作量需求，据此统筹配置人力资源、备件库存及技术支持等要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1.6
preferred label: 开展资源规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create asset work plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1.7
broader: Plan asset maintenance
definition: Creating procedures on how to maintain assets.
definition: 制定资产日常维护、定期保养及应急维修等标准化作业规程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1.7
preferred label: 制定资产维修作业计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Schedule maintenance work
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2.1
broader: Manage asset maintenance
definition: Defining a timetable for which to execute the maintenance of the asset.
definition: 明确资产维护作业的具体执行时间表。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2.1
preferred label: 安排维护作业计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Obtain required resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2.2
broader: Manage asset maintenance
definition: Gathering resources needed to complete all maintenance work. Verify that all resources have the proper training and skills to perform the work.
definition: 统筹完成所有维护工作所需的资源，并验证相关人员是否具备相应培训与技能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2.2
preferred label: 获取所需资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Undertake quality control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2.3
broader: Manage asset maintenance
definition: Implementing a checks and balances system to verify that the maintenance was performed correctly. Rework when errors are found.
definition: 建立核查与制衡机制，确保维护工作执行正确；发现问题时及时返工。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2.3
preferred label: 实施质量控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Update work and asset records
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2.4
broader: Manage asset maintenance
definition: Modifying existing maintenance records to include all new work that has been performed, what assets were serviced, and any issues that might have arisen.
definition: 更新现有维护记录，完整纳入新开展的维护作业、所涉资产及过程中发现的任何问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2.4
preferred label: 更新工作与资产记录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage maintenance work safety
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2.5
broader: Manage asset maintenance
definition: Assuring that all safety laws and regulations are being implemented and followed. Align practices with regulatory bureaus such as OSHA , EHS, and ISO.
definition: 确保全面贯彻并遵守各项安全法律法规，实践与职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）、环境健康与安全部（EHS）、国际标准化组织（ISO）等监管机构要求保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2.5
preferred label: 管理维修作业安全 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define maintenance performance targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2.6
broader: Manage asset maintenance
definition: Outlining what should be achieved through predictive indicators with regard to performing maintenance. This could include the length of time it takes to perform routine maintenance or how often unplanned maintenance feasibly occur.
definition: 明确预测性指标应达成的维护目标，例如例行维护平均耗时、非计划维护发生频次等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2.6
preferred label: 设定维修绩效目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor maintenance performance against targets/contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2.7
broader: Manage asset maintenance
definition: Following set performance targets, monitor and gage the success of the organization in meeting those targets.
definition: 依据既定绩效目标开展监测与评估，衡量组织目标达成成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2.7
preferred label: 监控维修绩效（对标目标/合同） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform preventative asset maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.3.1
broader: Perform asset maintenance
definition: Performing prophylactic maintenance in an effort to avoid corrective or unplanned repairs.
definition: 开展预防性维护，以避免纠正性或非计划性维修。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.3.1
preferred label: 开展预防性资产维修 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform routine asset maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.3.2
broader: Perform asset maintenance
definition: Carrying out required maintenance to continue upkeep of equipment or assets.
definition: 执行必要维护，持续保障设备或资产良好状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.3.2
preferred label: 开展例行性资产维修 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform corrective asset maintenance and repairs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.3.3
broader: Perform asset maintenance
definition: Repairing or correcting faults that occur with an asset. This could be a break or other repairable damage.
definition: 修复资产故障，包括破损或其他可修复性损伤。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.3.3
preferred label: 开展纠正性资产维修与修复 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify unplanned maintenance requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.3.4
broader: Perform asset maintenance
definition: Realizing potential or current problems with assets that would require unplanned maintenance. Unplanned maintenance is a repair or change that needs to be made that is not preventative or routine.
definition: 识别资产当前或潜在问题，触发非计划性维护；此类维护不属于预防性或例行性范畴。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.3.4
preferred label: 识别非计划维修需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform unplanned maintenance and repairs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.3.5
broader: Perform asset maintenance
definition: Performing repairs that occur outside of normal routine or preventative maintenance.
definition: 执行超出常规例行或预防性维护范围的维修作业。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.3.5
preferred label: 开展非计划维修与修复 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor useful life of assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.1.1
broader: Develop exit strategy
definition: Monitoring assets against their planned useful life. Each asset may have specific criteria that indicate their usability. This may include time-based, maintenance history, capacity planning, etc.
definition: 对照资产规划使用寿命开展动态监控；各资产可设定特定可用性判定标准，如使用年限、维护历史、容量规划等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.1.1
preferred label: 监控资产使用寿命 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform cost vs. benefit analysis for replacement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.1.2
broader: Develop exit strategy
definition: Cost/benefit analysis of assets to determine retention or end-of-life. Evaluating asset total lifecycle cost against other factors such as repair/refurbishment, replacement, and alternate solutions.
definition: 开展资产成本效益分析，综合评估保留或退役决策；比对资产全生命周期成本与维修/翻新、更换及替代方案等因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.1.2
preferred label: 开展更换成本效益分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Demolish and secure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.10.1
broader: Perform abandonment
definition: Demolishing and securing asset and resulting parts/debris.
definition: 拆除并妥善管控资产本体及其产生的部件/残骸。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.10.1
preferred label: 拆除并封存 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Restore site
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.10.2
broader: Perform abandonment
definition: Performing remediation or restoration activities.
definition: 开展整改或生态修复活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.10.2
preferred label: 恢复场地 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor site for duration of time required by regulators
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.10.3
broader: Perform abandonment
definition: Managing and reporting site status. Align efforts to all legal, regulatory and social/environmental responsibilities.
definition: 管理并报告场地现状，确保各项工作符合法律、法规及社会责任与生态环境要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.10.3
preferred label: 按监管要求时限持续监测场地 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare handover to new operator or landowner
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.10.4
broader: Perform abandonment
definition: Supporting handover to new operator or landowner. Include proper documentation on asset history and current state to enable orderly transition.
definition: 支持移交至新运营方或土地所有权人，提供完整资产历史与现状文档，保障平稳过渡。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.10.4
preferred label: 向新运营方或土地所有者移交 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain material safety data sheets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.1
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Preparing material safety sheets. Capture material safety records to properly apply handling and disposal requirements.
definition: 编制化学品安全技术说明书（MSDS），归档物质安全记录，支撑合规性操作与处置。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.1
preferred label: 维护化学品安全技术说明书（MSDS） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain awareness of and communicate regulatory requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.2
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Understanding and communicating hazardous material regulatory requirements.
definition: 准确理解并传达危险物质相关监管要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.2
preferred label: 持续跟踪并传达监管要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain hazardous material handling and disposal
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.3
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Planning, overseeing, and tracking hazardous material handling and disposal.
definition: 统筹规划、监督并追踪危险物质的搬运与处置全过程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.3
preferred label: 规范危险品搬运与处置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage compliance audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.4
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Planning, supporting, and documenting hazardous material audits.
definition: 规划、支持并记录危险物质合规性审计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.4
preferred label: 管理合规性审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Recognize need to disposition hazardous materials/waste
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.5
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Identifying and establishing approaches to dispose of hazardous materials/waste.
definition: 识别并确立危险物质/废弃物的合规处置路径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.5
preferred label: 识别危险品/废弃物处置需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine disposition and associated processing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.6
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Evaluating hazardous materials and waste for appropriate disposition. Apply requirements and initiate disposition activities.
definition: 评估危险物质及废弃物的适宜处置方式，落实相关要求并启动处置流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.6
preferred label: 确定处置方式及关联处理流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage disposition, disposal, reprocessing activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.7
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Performing disposition, disposal, and reprocessing activities.
definition: 执行处置、销毁及再加工活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.7
preferred label: 统筹处置、销毁、再加工等活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage documentation and reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11.8
broader: Perform waste and hazardous goods management
definition: Documenting and reporting disposition, disposal, and reprocessing activities.
definition: 记录并报告处置、销毁及再加工全过程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11.8
preferred label: 管理相关文档与报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Decommission productive assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.2
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Retiring assets that are no longer viable to the business. Decommission assets that are no longer in working order, are out of date, or whose maintenance exceeds the cost of replacement.
definition: 退役不再支撑业务运营的资产；对失效、过时或维护成本高于更换成本的资产实施停用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.2
preferred label: 停用生产性资产 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform sale or trade
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.3
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Performing the sale of assets. Achieve and complete the sale process. Deliver the end product to the customers.
definition: 执行资产出售，完成销售全流程并交付最终产品至客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.3
preferred label: 开展资产出售或置换 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage take-back centers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.4
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Managing locations where end-of-life assets are evaluated for decommissioning, disassembly, recycling, etc.
definition: 管理资产退役评估场所，支持停用、拆解、回收等处置活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.4
preferred label: 管理回收中心 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Dismantle assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.5
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Dismantling an asset into manageable parts. The parts may follow different dispositions, such as resale, reuse, recycle, etc.
definition: 将资产拆解为可操作部件，各部件按不同路径处置，如转售、再利用、回收等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.5
preferred label: 拆解资产 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Track parts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.6
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Tracking the disposition of all parts from end-of-life assets. Tracking should provide an audit trail to include source, rational for disposition, and destination.
definition: 全程追踪退役资产各部件处置流向，形成包含来源、处置依据及去向的完整审计轨迹。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.6
preferred label: 追踪零部件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Recycle parts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.7
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Recycling parts in accordance with legal, regulatory, and social/environmental responsibilities.
definition: 依法依规并兼顾社会责任与生态环境要求开展部件回收。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.7
preferred label: 回收零部件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Ship hazardous material
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.8
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Planning, conducting, and tracking shipment of hazardous materials.
definition: 规划、执行并追踪危险品运输。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.8
preferred label: 运输危险品 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Provide government reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.9
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Preparing and distributing government reports.
definition: 编制并分发政府监管报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.9
preferred label: 完成政府监管报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Determine risk tolerance for organization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.1.1
broader: Establish the enterprise risk framework and policies
definition: Recognizing the organization's tolerance for risk, given risk-return trade-offs for one or more anticipated and predictable consequences.
definition: 基于风险与收益的权衡，识别组织可接受的风险容忍度，针对一项或多项可预期、可预测的后果进行界定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.1.1
preferred label: 确定组织风险容忍度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and maintain enterprise risk policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.1.2
broader: Establish the enterprise risk framework and policies
definition: Establishing and maintaining the policies and procedures for managing risk. Create rules and regulations for enterprise risk dealing with hazardous, financial, operational, and strategic risks.
definition: 建立并持续维护风险管理政策与流程；制定并更新企业风险管理制度，覆盖危害性、财务、运营及战略风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.1.2
preferred label: 制定并维护企业风险政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and implement enterprise risk management tools
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.1.3
broader: Establish the enterprise risk framework and policies
definition: Recognizing and implementing tools for managing risk. Identify and apply enterprise risk management tools. Leverage methods and processes to manage risks and opportunities associated with business objectives.
definition: 识别并落地实施风险管理工具；选用适配的企业风险管理工具；运用方法与流程统筹管理与业务目标相关的风险与机遇。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.1.3
preferred label: 识别并实施企业风险管理工具 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Coordinate the sharing of risk knowledge across the organization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.1.4
broader: Establish the enterprise risk framework and policies
definition: Communicating the knowledge about risk within the organization. Identify operational risks. Share risk information within the organization.
definition: 在组织内部开展风险知识共享与沟通；识别运营风险；跨部门传递风险信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.1.4
preferred label: 统筹组织内风险知识共享 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare and report enterprise risk to executive management and board
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.1.5
broader: Establish the enterprise risk framework and policies
definition: Preparing and presenting reports about enterprise risk to the management of the organization. Create reports for management on hazard risks (e.g., property damage and liability torts), financial risks (e.g., currency and liquidity risks), and operational risks (e.g., product failure, customer satisfaction, social trends, and competition).
definition: 编制并向管理层提交企业风险报告；内容涵盖危害风险（如财产损失、侵权责任）、财务风险（如汇率风险、流动性风险）及运营风险（如产品失效、客户满意度、社会趋势、市场竞争等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.1.5
preferred label: 编制并向高管层及董事会报告企业风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify enterprise level risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.1
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Determining risks that could thwart objectives, including crises that may impact customer service such as data breaches or significant product issues. Document and communicate the concern.
definition: 识别可能阻碍目标达成的风险，包括影响客户服务的重大危机（如数据泄露、重大产品质量问题）；记录并通报相关风险关切。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.1
preferred label: 识别企业级风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess risks to determine which to mitigate
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.2
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Identifying options/actions to enhance opportunities and reduce threats. Recognize the root reasons of the identified risks.
definition: 识别提升机遇与降低威胁的可行选项与行动方案；追溯已识别风险的根本成因。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.2
preferred label: 评估风险以确定需缓解的风险项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop risk mitigation and management strategy and integrate with existing performance management processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.3
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Developing activities to improve opportunities and lessen threats. Specify the organization's objectives. Evolve strategies and policies to attain these objectives. Assign resources to project objectives.
definition: 制定提升机遇、缓解威胁的具体举措；明确组织目标；制定并优化实现目标的战略与政策；将资源分配至项目目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.3
preferred label: 制定风险缓解与管理策略，并融入现有绩效管理流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Verify business unit and functional risk mitigation plans are implemented
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.4
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Checking that the blueprint created for managing risk in individual business units and divisions is correctly effectuated. Validate the implementation of all activities geared to mitigate risks.
definition: 核查各业务单元与职能部门所制定的风险管理蓝图是否有效执行；验证所有风险缓释活动的落实情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.4
preferred label: 验证各业务单元及职能部门的风险缓解计划已落实 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Ensure risks and risk mitigation actions are monitored
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.5
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Ensuring risk monitoring and mitigation activities. Monitor actions to enhance opportunities and reduce threats to project objectives.
definition: 确保风险监测与缓释活动持续开展；跟踪为提升机遇、降低威胁而采取的各项措施对项目目标的影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.5
preferred label: 确保风险及其缓解措施持续受监控 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report on enterprise risk activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.6
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Creating a report of activities to address hazard risks, liability torts, financial risks, operational risks, social trends, competition, etc.
definition: 编制风险应对活动报告，覆盖危害风险、侵权责任、财务风险、运营风险、社会趋势、市场竞争等维度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.6
preferred label: 报告企业风险管理活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Coordinate business unit and functional risk management activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.7
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Coordinating risk management activities to improve opportunities and lessen threats. Specify the organization's objectives. Assign resources to project objectives.
definition: 统筹协调各业务单元与职能部门的风险管理活动，以提升机遇、降低威胁；明确组织目标；将资源分配至项目目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.7
preferred label: 协调各业务单元及职能部门的风险管理活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Ensure that each business unit/function follows the enterprise risk management process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.8
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Checking each business unit's/function's options and activities to improve opportunities and lessen threats.
definition: 审查各业务单元/职能领域提出的提升机遇、降低威胁的备选方案与具体行动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.8
preferred label: 确保各业务单元/职能部门遵循企业风险管理流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Ensure that each business unit/function follows the enterprise risk reporting process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2.9
broader: Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
definition: Checking the reporting process of each business unit's/function's options and activities to improve opportunities and lessen threats.
definition: 审查各业务单元/职能领域关于提升机遇、降低威胁的备选方案与行动的报告机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2.9
preferred label: 确保各业务单元/职能部门遵循企业风险报告流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.1
broader: Manage business unit and function risk
definition: Developing a timely and continuous process to identify activities that might hinder a project's goals.
definition: 建立及时、持续的风险识别机制，发现可能妨碍项目目标实现的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.1
preferred label: 识别风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess risks using enterprise risk framework policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.2
broader: Manage business unit and function risk
definition: Determining the possibility that a specified undesirable event will occur using established tools, implements, and frameworks. Use risk assessments to determine, for example, whether to undertake a particular venture, what rate of return a particular investment requires, and how to mitigate an activity's potential losses.
definition: 运用既定工具、手段与框架，评估特定不利事件发生的可能性；通过风险评估辅助决策，例如是否启动某项业务、某项投资所需回报率、以及如何缓释某项活动的潜在损失。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.2
preferred label: 依据企业风险框架的政策与流程评估风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess adequacy of insurance coverage
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.3.1
broader: Develop mitigation plans for risks
definition: Evaluating the changing needs for insurance coverage. Research available insurance providers and offerings.
definition: 评估保险保障需求的动态变化；调研可选保险供应商及其产品。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.3.1
preferred label: 评估保险覆盖充分性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Implement mitigation plans for risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.4
broader: Manage business unit and function risk
definition: Executing mitigation plans to improve opportunities and reduce deviations to project objectives.
definition: 执行风险缓释计划，以提升机遇、减少对项目目标的偏离。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.4
preferred label: 实施风险缓解计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.5
broader: Manage business unit and function risk
definition: Identifying, examining, and recognizing/justifying any improbability in investment decision making.
definition: 识别、分析并论证投资决策中可能存在的非理性因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.5
preferred label: 监控风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze risk activities and update plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.6
broader: Manage business unit and function risk
definition: Examining the impact of risk activities in order to update the existing scheme of risk management. Analyze and substantiate the potential for adverse consequences to occur. Consider the risks associated with the activity and the methods available to manage those risks.
definition: 评估风险活动影响，以更新现有风险管理体系；分析并佐证不利后果发生的潜在可能性；综合考量活动相关风险及可用的风险管理方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.6
preferred label: 分析风险活动并更新计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report on risk activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.7
broader: Manage business unit and function risk
definition: Creating reports on risk activities, and communicating them to management. Prepare reports on the potential for adverse safety consequences.
definition: 编制风险活动报告并向管理层通报；重点准备有关安全不利后果潜在风险的专项报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.7
preferred label: 报告风险活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Risk Management
broader: Risk Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Risk Management'.
definition: ITIL 风险管理实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.4.1
preferred label: 评估 IT 风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Treat IT risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Risk Management
broader: Risk Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Risk Management'.
definition: ITIL 风险管理实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.4.2
preferred label: 处置 IT 风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor IT risk landscape
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Risk Management
broader: Risk Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Risk Management'.
definition: ITIL 风险管理实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.4.3
preferred label: 监控 IT 风险态势 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop enterprise compliance policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.1.1
broader: Establish compliance framework and policies
definition: Creating a standardized approach to ethics and compliance. Have a programmatic approach for compliance that focuses on the definite risks the organization faces.
definition: 构建标准化的伦理与合规方法；建立聚焦组织实际面临具体风险的体系化合规方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.1.1
preferred label: 制定企业合规政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement enterprise compliance activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.1.2
broader: Establish compliance framework and policies
definition: Implementing standardized for ethics and compliance. Have a programmatic approach, built from the top down, to enterprise compliance that focuses on the definite risks the organization faces.
definition: 推行标准化的伦理与合规实践；自上而下构建企业级合规体系，聚焦组织实际面临的具体风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.1.2
preferred label: 实施企业合规活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage internal audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.1.3
broader: Establish compliance framework and policies
definition: Managing accounts and prepare regular reports on financial performance.
definition: 管理账务并定期编制财务绩效报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.1.3
preferred label: 管理内部审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain controls-related technologies and tools
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.1.4
broader: Establish compliance framework and policies
definition: Managing technologies and tools related to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data in order to ensure the security of the organization's information. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 管理与数据保密性、完整性、可用性相关的技术与工具，保障组织信息安全；涵盖人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.1.4
preferred label: 维护与控制相关的技术及工具 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop regulatory compliance procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.1
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Developing procedures and methodologies to comply with relevant laws and regulations of an organization's obedience to laws, guidelines, strategies and stipulations related to business.
definition: 制定并实施合规程序与方法，确保组织在法律法规、指南、策略及规定等方面持续合规。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.1
preferred label: 制定监管合规流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify applicable regulatory requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.2
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Determining the regulatory requirements that are most appropriate for the organization. Identify goals in order to follow the appropriate rules and regulations, guidelines, and strategies.
definition: 识别最适用于本组织的监管要求；设定合规目标，以落实相应法规、指南与策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.2
preferred label: 识别适用的监管要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor the regulatory environment for changing or emerging regulations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.3
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Analyzing and overseeing the regulatory environment in order to spot any changing or emerging regulations. This process element calls upon the organization to monitor the regulatory environment for any new statutes, policies, and enactments issued by the respective government authorities or those which have been updated.
definition: 分析并持续监控监管环境，及时识别新出台或正在演进的监管要求；该环节要求组织主动跟踪各级政府主管部门发布的新增或修订的法律、政策与规章。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.3
preferred label: 持续监测监管环境，识别变化或新兴法规 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess current compliance position and identify weaknesses or shortfalls therein
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.4
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Evaluating current regulatory policies and regulations. Assess their performance. Make necessary changes.
definition: 评估现行监管政策与法规的有效性；审视其执行成效；必要时进行修订与优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.4
preferred label: 评估当前合规状况，识别薄弱环节或差距 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement missing or stronger regulatory compliance controls and policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.5
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Assessing the current policies and policies. Implement missing and necessary changes environmental changes, political changes, technological changes, etc.
definition: 评估现行制度，并针对环境变化、政治变化、技术变化等实施缺失且必要的制度调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.5
preferred label: 实施缺失或更严格的监管合规控制措施与政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and test regulatory compliance position and existing controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.6
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Monitoring, appraising, and evaluating the compliance position of the organization in order to fine-tune for effective remediation. Track efforts for handling regulatory and compliance requirements necessitated by law. Test the robustness of internal frameworks, procedures, and approaches for dealing with these requirements, in order to clearly identify any necessary changes.
definition: 监测、评估和审查组织的合规状况，以优化整改成效；跟踪落实法律法规所要求的监管与合规事项；测试内部框架、流程及应对方法的稳健性，明确识别所需改进之处。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.6
preferred label: 监控并测试监管合规现状及现有控制措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Compile and communicate compliance scorecard(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.7
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Creating a graphical representation of metrics in order to communicate the general health of the organization in relation to risk and compliancy.
definition: 构建指标可视化图表，直观呈现组织在风险与合规方面的整体健康状况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.7
preferred label: 编制并通报合规记分卡 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Compile and communicate internal and regulatory compliance reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.8
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Submitting compliance reports to regulatory agencies. These reports can be made to environmental, securities, or human resources agencies as stipulated by the local governing body.
definition: 向监管机构提交合规报告，包括环保、证券或人力资源等主管部门，具体依属地监管要求而定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.8
preferred label: 编制并通报内部及监管合规报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain relationships with regulators as appropriate
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2.9
broader: Manage regulatory compliance
definition: Developing and preserving relationships with the regulators, without compromising the legal basis of the relationship.
definition: 在不损害法律基础的前提下，建立并维护与监管机构的良好关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2.9
preferred label: 视情况维护与监管机构的关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

AI-Enhanced Compliance Monitoring
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage compliance
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Enhanced Compliance Monitoring.
definition: 人工智能（AI）时代活动：AI增强型合规监测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.3
preferred label: 人工智能增强型合规监控 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create remediation plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.3.1
broader: Manage remediation efforts
definition: Creating plans for remediation efforts. Make a plan to address a case of environmental adulteration. Identify and treat the adulteration so that the area will become operational again.
definition: 制定整改行动计划。例如，针对环境污染事件制定处置方案，识别并治理污染源，恢复区域正常运行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.3.1
preferred label: 制定整改计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Contact and confer with experts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.3.2
broader: Manage remediation efforts
definition: Discussing and soliciting advice from experts for in order to incorporate their suggestion (regarding Create remediation plans [11201]).
definition: 就整改计划制定（11201）征求并吸纳专家意见与建议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.3.2
preferred label: 联系并会商专家 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Identify/Dedicate resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.3.3
broader: Manage remediation efforts
definition: Identifying and dedicating the resources for managing remediation efforts. Discern the resources needed for remediation efforts. Dispense with resources in a sound and well-reasoned manner.
definition: 识别并配置整改所需资源。厘清整改任务所需的各类资源，并以审慎、合理的方式予以调配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.3.3
preferred label: 识别/调配资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Investigate legal aspects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.3.4
broader: Manage remediation efforts
definition: Examining regulatory and legislative frameworks. Obligate the organization to remediate any damages through compensations, fines, and any other remedial efforts necessitated to correct the situations. Analyze local environmental laws, binding international covenants, etc. in order to examine legal accuracy about the rules and procedures.
definition: 梳理监管与立法框架，明确组织须通过赔偿、罚款及其他必要补救措施履行整改义务；分析本地环境法规、具有约束力的国际公约等，确保相关规则与程序的法律准确性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.3.4
preferred label: 调查法律相关事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Investigate damage cause
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.3.5
broader: Manage remediation efforts
definition: Studying the causes of damage, which could be environmental, physical, social, etc. at country level in order to institute better policies and regulations.
definition: 在国家层面研究损害成因（如环境、物理、社会等维度），以支撑更优政策与法规的制定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.3.5
preferred label: 调查损害成因 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Amend or create policy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.3.6
broader: Manage remediation efforts
definition: Crafting a new framework of policies and procedures for deploying remediation efforts, or change existing policies and procedures. Adapt the policy structure to the context of the apposite national and international regulatory frameworks.
definition: 构建或修订用于开展整改工作的政策与程序新框架，使其适配适用的国家及国际监管框架。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.3.6
preferred label: 修订或制定政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop the business resilience strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.4.1
broader: Manage business resiliency
definition: Creating a strategy for rapidly adapting to disturbances. Maintain continuous business processes and protecting employees, assets, and overall brand equity. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 制定快速应对干扰的战略，保障业务连续运行，保护员工、资产及整体品牌价值；涵盖人工智能（AI）等新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.4.1
preferred label: 制定业务韧性战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform continuous business operations planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.4.2
broader: Manage business resiliency
definition: Developing plans to ensure continuous business operations.
definition: 制定业务连续性保障计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.4.2
preferred label: 持续开展业务连续性规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Test continuous business operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.4.3
broader: Manage business resiliency
definition: Assessing ongoing activities within the organization that are not intended to stop except for in an emergency.
definition: 评估组织内非紧急情况下不得中止的持续性运营活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.4.3
preferred label: 测试业务连续性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Maintain continuous business operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.4.4
broader: Manage business resiliency
definition: Evaluating business operations. Determine which activities generate revenues, perform best, and provide good returns.
definition: 评估业务运营，识别创收能力强、绩效优异、投资回报良好的关键活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.4.4
preferred label: 维持业务连续性运行 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Share knowledge of specific risks across other parts of the organization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.4.5
broader: Manage business resiliency
definition: Sharing information about risks and resilience strategies of business operations across the organization so that prospective risks can be avoided.
definition: 在组织内部共享业务运营的风险信息与韧性策略，以前瞻性规避潜在风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.4.5
preferred label: 在组织其他部门共享特定风险知识 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define AI ethics principles
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Ethics Framework
definition: AI activity: Define AI ethics principles.
definition: AI活动：定义AI伦理原则。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.1.1
preferred label: 定义人工智能伦理原则 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish ethics review board
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Ethics Framework
definition: AI activity: Establish ethics review board.
definition: AI活动：设立伦理审查委员会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.1.2
preferred label: 设立伦理审查委员会 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct AI impact assessments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Ethics Framework
definition: AI activity: Conduct AI impact assessments.
definition: AI活动：开展AI影响评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.1.3
preferred label: 开展人工智能影响评估 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor ethical compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Ethics Framework
definition: AI activity: Monitor ethical compliance.
definition: AI活动：监测伦理合规情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.1.4
preferred label: 监控伦理合规情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor AI regulations (EU AI Act, etc.)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Regulatory Compliance
definition: AI activity: Monitor AI regulations (EU AI Act, etc.).
definition: AI活动：监测AI监管法规（如欧盟《人工智能法案》等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.2.1
preferred label: 跟踪人工智能监管法规（如欧盟《人工智能法案》等） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Classify AI systems by risk level
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Regulatory Compliance
definition: AI activity: Classify AI systems by risk level.
definition: AI活动：按风险等级对AI系统进行分类。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.2.2
preferred label: 按风险等级对人工智能系统进行分类 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain AI compliance documentation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Regulatory Compliance
definition: AI activity: Maintain AI compliance documentation.
definition: AI活动：维护AI合规文档。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.2.3
preferred label: 维护人工智能合规文档 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct regulatory audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Regulatory Compliance
definition: AI activity: Conduct regulatory audits.
definition: AI活动：开展监管审计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.2.4
preferred label: 开展监管审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define AI safety requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Safety and Alignment
definition: AI activity: Define AI safety requirements.
definition: AI活动：定义AI安全要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.3.1
preferred label: 定义人工智能安全要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement guardrails and filters
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Safety and Alignment
definition: AI activity: Implement guardrails and filters.
definition: AI活动：部署防护机制与内容过滤器。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.3.2
preferred label: 部署防护机制与内容过滤器 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Test adversarial robustness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Safety and Alignment
definition: AI activity: Test adversarial robustness.
definition: AI活动：测试对抗鲁棒性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.3.3
preferred label: 测试对抗鲁棒性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor alignment metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Safety and Alignment
definition: AI activity: Monitor alignment metrics.
definition: AI活动：监测对齐度指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.3.4
preferred label: 监控对齐性指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess training data bias
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Bias and Fairness
definition: AI activity: Assess training data bias.
definition: AI活动：评估训练数据偏见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.4.1
preferred label: 评估训练数据偏见 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement fairness metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Bias and Fairness
definition: AI activity: Implement fairness metrics.
definition: AI活动：实施公平性度量指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.4.2
preferred label: 实施公平性度量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Audit model decisions for bias
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Bias and Fairness
definition: AI activity: Audit model decisions for bias.
definition: AI活动：对模型决策开展偏见审计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.4.3
preferred label: 审计模型决策中的偏见 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Remediate identified biases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Bias and Fairness
definition: AI activity: Remediate identified biases.
definition: AI活动：整改已识别的偏见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.4.4
preferred label: 整改已识别的偏见 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement model explainability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Transparency and Explainability
definition: AI activity: Implement model explainability.
definition: AI活动：实施模型可解释性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.5.1
preferred label: 实施模型可解释性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Document AI decision processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Transparency and Explainability
definition: AI activity: Document AI decision processes.
definition: AI活动：记录人工智能决策流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.5.2
preferred label: 记录人工智能决策流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide stakeholder AI literacy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Transparency and Explainability
definition: AI activity: Provide stakeholder AI literacy.
definition: AI活动：提升利益相关方的人工智能素养。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.5.3
preferred label: 提升利益相关方的人工智能素养 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Publish AI transparency reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Transparency and Explainability
definition: AI activity: Publish AI transparency reports.
definition: AI活动：发布人工智能透明度报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.5.4
preferred label: 发布人工智能透明度报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan, build, and manage lender relations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.1.1
broader: Build investor relationships
definition: Building and managing relations with bankers or lenders through strong products/services strategies that bankers would want to invest in. Foster a receptive environment for low rates of interest, easy access to loans, etc.
definition: 通过具有吸引力的产品和服务策略，建立并维护与银行或贷款机构的关系，营造有利于获取低利率、便捷融资等条件的友好环境。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.1.1
preferred label: 规划、建立并管理贷款机构关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Plan, build, and manage analyst relations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.1.2
broader: Build investor relationships
definition: Creating and maintaining long-term relations with analysts. Involve analysts in strategy and product decisions in order to elicit valuable information.
definition: 建立并维系与分析师的长期关系；邀请分析师参与战略与产品决策，以获取有价值的信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.1.2
preferred label: 规划、建立并管理分析师关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Communicate with shareholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.1.3
broader: Build investor relationships
definition: Practicing regular, transparent communication with shareholders through annual shareholders' meetings, quarterly earnings calls, shareholders letters, one-on-one emails or calls, etc.
definition: 通过年度股东大会、季度财报电话会、致股东信、一对一邮件或电话等方式，开展定期、透明的股东沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.1.3
preferred label: 与股东沟通 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

AI-Powered Partner Assessment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Build investor relationships
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Partner Assessment.
definition: AI时代活动：AI赋能的合作伙伴评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.1.4
preferred label: 人工智能驱动的合作伙伴评估 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Assess relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.1.1
broader: Manage government relations
definition: Ascertaining how the business entity relates to all levels of government. Identify areas that needs further growth and resources to foster those relationships.
definition: 厘清企业与各级政府的关联关系；识别需进一步投入资源以加强关系的领域。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.1.1
preferred label: 评估政企关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Appoint responsible executives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.1.2
broader: Manage government relations
definition: Assigning executive level resources to manage, grow, and drive relationships with government bodies.
definition: 指派高管级资源负责政府关系的管理、拓展与推动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.1.2
preferred label: 任命责任高管 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.1.3
broader: Manage government relations
definition: Analyzing current relationships with government bodies and entities.
definition: 分析当前与政府机构及实体的关系现状。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.1.3
preferred label: 监测政企关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Receive input from internal advisors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.1.4
broader: Manage government relations
definition: Garnering internal advice from an informal group in order to successfully maintain and advance relationships.
definition: 组建非正式内部顾问小组，为持续维护和推进政府关系提供支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.1.4
preferred label: 听取内部顾问意见 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Receive input from external advisors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.1.5
broader: Manage government relations
definition: Garnering third party advice from an informal group in order to successfully maintain and advance relationships.
definition: 引入第三方非正式顾问小组，为持续维护和推进政府关系提供支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.1.5
preferred label: 听取外部顾问意见 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Liaise with authorities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.1.6
broader: Manage government relations
definition: Meeting with government heads and representatives.
definition: 与政府首脑及代表开展会晤。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.1.6
preferred label: 对接监管机构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish relationships with agencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.2.1
broader: Manage relations with quasi-government bodies
definition: Engaging government, regulatory, or industry agencies to establish relationships. Analyze steps and requirements necessary for inclusion, if needed.
definition: 主动对接政府、监管或行业机构以建立合作关系；如需加入，应分析必要步骤与准入要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.2.1
preferred label: 与相关机构建立联系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Respond to audit inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.2.2
broader: Manage relations with quasi-government bodies
definition: Cooperating with auditors regarding potential or ongoing inquiries.
definition: 就潜在或正在进行的调查事项，配合审计机构开展工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.2.2
preferred label: 回应审计质询 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain documentation of contacts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.2.3
broader: Manage relations with quasi-government bodies
definition: Keeping a repository of documents that contain information about the network of partners, prospects and customers. Keep records up-to-date with routine reviews and modify as needed.
definition: 建立并维护包含合作伙伴、潜在客户及客户网络信息的文档库；通过定期审查及时更新记录，并按需调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.2.3
preferred label: 维护联络记录文档 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan and manage meetings
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.2.4
broader: Manage relations with quasi-government bodies
definition: Ensuring regular interaction between business entity and quasi-government bodies in order to maintain established relationships. Collect and record meeting data for further analysis and use.
definition: 确保企业与准政府机构保持常态化互动以维系既有关系；系统收集并记录会议数据，用于后续分析与应用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.2.4
preferred label: 规划并组织会议 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate the requirements for strategic relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.3.1
broader: Manage relations with trade or industry groups
definition: Determining the requirements to enter in to an agreement with trade or industry agencies. Discover what activities or processes can be conducted to provide the best mutual outcome.
definition: 明确与行业协会或行业机构达成合作所需条件；探索可实现互利共赢的具体活动或流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.3.1
preferred label: 评估战略性合作关系的需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor the success of the partnerships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.3.2
broader: Manage relations with trade or industry groups
definition: Analyzing current relationships with trade and industry groups. Ensure that the partnership in successful and make modifications where needed.
definition: 评估当前与行业协会及行业团体的关系；确保合作成效，并在必要时进行优化调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.3.2
preferred label: 监测合作成效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Extend or change the relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.3.3
broader: Manage relations with trade or industry groups
definition: Providing additional information or inclusion for third party trade or industry entities; or changing existing parameters to modify the current relationship. Communicate and execute changes.
definition: 向第三方行业协会或行业实体提供补充信息或扩大参与范围；或调整现有合作参数以优化关系；同步完成沟通与执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.3.3
preferred label: 拓展或调整合作关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage lobby activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.4
broader: Manage government and industry relationships
definition: Managing lobbying activities to affect government policies.
definition: 开展游说活动以影响政府政策制定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.4
preferred label: 管理游说活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Report financial results
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.3.1
broader: Manage relations with board of directors
definition: Reporting financial results to management, and releasing results to the public. Report financial statements, including the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows.
definition: 向管理层报告财务结果，并对外发布；披露财务报表，包括利润表、资产负债表及现金流量表。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.3.1
preferred label: 汇报财务成果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Report audit findings
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.3.2
broader: Manage relations with board of directors
definition: Reporting audit findings to management. Practice an internal audit with criteria for confirming a problem, a description of the situation, and the root cause of the problem. Make recommendations that resolve the issue.
definition: 向管理层报告审计发现；开展内部审计，明确问题确认标准、情况描述及根本原因；提出切实可行的整改建议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.3.2
preferred label: 汇报审计发现 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create ethics policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.1
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Creating a code of ethics that communicate the organization's philosophy to employees, vendors, customers, clients, and the public.
definition: 制定行为准则，向员工、供应商、客户、服务对象及公众传达组织的价值观与伦理立场。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.1
preferred label: 制定伦理政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage corporate governance policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.2
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Administering the system of rules, practices, and processes through which a company is directed and controlled. Balance stakeholder interests including shareholders, management, customers, suppliers, financiers, government, and the community. Outline a strategy for achieving organizational goals, from action plans and internal controls to performance measurement and corporate disclosure.
definition: 实施公司治理机制，即指导与管控企业的规则体系、实践方式及运行流程；平衡股东、管理层、客户、供应商、融资方、政府及社区等多方利益；制定实现组织目标的战略路径，涵盖行动计划、内部控制、绩效评估及信息披露。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.2
preferred label: 管理公司治理政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and perform preventive law programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.3
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Creating and applying programs and activities. Encourage the adherence preventive laws, such as environmental law, sex discrimination, computer law, estate planning, corporate compliance, business planning, and property transactions.
definition: 设计并推行各类项目与活动，推动预防性法律法规的贯彻执行，包括环境保护法、反性别歧视法、计算机法、遗产规划、企业合规、商业规划及不动产交易等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.3
preferred label: 开发并实施预防性法律项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Plan and initiate compliance program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.4.1
broader: Ensure compliance
definition: Employing an internal system or process to identify and reduce the risk of breaching the Competition and Consumer Act 2010. Remedy any breach. Create a culture of compliance. Design compliance programs.
definition: 运用内部机制或流程识别并降低违反《2010年竞争与消费者法》的风险；对违规行为及时整改；培育合规文化；设计合规专项计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.4.1
preferred label: 规划并启动合规计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute compliance program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.4.2
broader: Ensure compliance
definition: Implementing the established compliance program in order to meet the government laws and regulations. Create a compliance team that scrutinizes the rules set out by government bodies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission.
definition: 落实既定合规计划以满足政府法律法规要求；组建合规团队，严格审查美国证券交易委员会（SEC）等政府机构发布的监管规则。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.4.2
preferred label: 执行合规计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess problem and determine work requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.5.1
broader: Manage outside counsel
definition: Examining the problems and deciding the action requirements for engaging outside counsel. This process element calls upon the organization to internally analyze the issues for which assistance from external counsel is needed. Additionally, the organization needs to break-down the issue, identifying the tasks and exercises where outside counsel can help.
definition: 评估问题并确定聘请外部法律顾问的行动需求。该流程要求组织内部分析需借助外部法律顾问协助解决的问题，并对问题进行拆解，明确可由外部法律顾问支持的具体任务与工作内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.5.1
preferred label: 评估问题并确定工作需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Engage/Retain outside counsel if necessary
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.5.2
broader: Manage outside counsel
definition: Recruiting the assistance of outside counsel for any legal and/or ethical concerns. Engage and/or retain any external counsel sought from subject matter experts and professionals.
definition: 就法律和/或伦理相关事项引入外部法律顾问。遴选并聘用来自特定领域专家及专业人士的外部法律顾问。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.5.2
preferred label: 必要时聘请/留用外部法律顾问 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Receive strategy/budget
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.5.3
broader: Manage outside counsel
definition: Making a financial plan. This strategy sets out, using figures, an organization's expected future results. Enlist the finance function to support work generated by other business functions in order to build and secure their support for the budget.
definition: 制定财务计划。该策略以量化方式呈现组织预期的未来成果；协调财务职能，为其他业务职能产生的工作提供支持，以构建并巩固其对预算编制的支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.5.3
preferred label: 接收策略与预算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Receive work product and manage/monitor case and work performed
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.5.4
broader: Manage outside counsel
definition: Receiving deliverables from outside counsel, and monitoring the efforts committed by them. Track the progress of, collect, and validate the required work product from the subject matter experts and professionals engaged as external counsel. Verify the amount of effort dedicated by these counsels to the issue at hand, in order to confirm their fees.
definition: 接收外部法律顾问交付成果，并监控其投入的工作量。跟踪所聘领域专家与专业人士的工作进展，收集并验证其交付的工作成果；核实其针对当前事项实际投入的工作量，以确认服务费用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.5.4
preferred label: 接收工作成果，并管理/监控案件进展与工作执行情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process payment for legal services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.5.5
broader: Manage outside counsel
definition: Making payments to legal advisers for their services. Payments include addressing issues or suits by customers, suppliers, competitors, bankers, government agencies, etc.
definition: 向法律顾问支付服务费用。费用涵盖处理客户、供应商、竞争对手、银行、政府机构等提出的争议或诉讼事项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.5.5
preferred label: 处理法律服务付款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Track legal activity/performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.5.6
broader: Manage outside counsel
definition: Keeping track of the legal activities and performance of the organization.
definition: 跟踪组织的法律活动及其合规绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.5.6
preferred label: 跟踪法律活动与绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage copyrights, patents, and trademarks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.6.1
broader: Protect intellectual property
definition: Managing the patents and copyrights already held or sought by the organization. Administer and oversee applying for, securing, and maintaining intellectual property rights in the form of patents and copyrights. Submit applications for such rights. Handle associated legal issues. Draft and communicate proper attributions. Collect royalties. Monitor any misuse of the intellectual property rights.
definition: 管理组织已持有或正在申请的专利与版权。统筹开展专利权与著作权的申请、确权及维护工作；提交相关权利申请；处理关联法律事务；拟定并传达规范署名要求；收取特许权使用费；监测知识产权被滥用的情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.6.1
preferred label: 管理著作权、专利与商标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain intellectual property rights and restrictions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.6.2
broader: Protect intellectual property
definition: Managing the upkeep of intellectual property rights by creating and managing a framework of rules, policies, procedures, and restrictions. Outline a clear policy for any possible scenario of their use by any external agent.
definition: 通过构建并管理规则、政策、程序及限制性条款框架，保障知识产权持续有效。针对任何外部主体可能使用知识产权的情形，制定清晰明确的政策指引。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.6.2
preferred label: 维护知识产权权利及限制条款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Administer licensing terms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.6.3
broader: Protect intellectual property
definition: Administering and overseeing the terms and policies associated with licensing the organization's intellectual property. Create and manage the policies and terms governing the possible granting of a license to any external agent. Demarcate a clear framework that governs the licensing of any patents or copyrights held by the organization.
definition: 统筹管理组织知识产权许可相关的条款与政策。制定并管理向外部主体授予许可的政策与条件；明确界定组织所持专利或版权许可授权的治理框架。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.6.3
preferred label: 管理许可条款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Administer options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.6.4
broader: Protect intellectual property
definition: Managing options regarding licensing agreements. Follow favorable terms and conditions.
definition: 管理许可协议相关选项，确保遵循有利的条款与条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.6.4
preferred label: 管理期权事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Resolve disputes and litigations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.7
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Resolving disputes or civil lawsuits internally or externally.
definition: 在组织内部或外部解决争议或民事诉讼。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.7
preferred label: 解决争议与诉讼 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Provide legal advice/counseling
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.8
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Providing legal advice concerning the substance or procedure of a law in relation to a particular situation.
definition: 就特定情形，就法律的实体内容或程序规则提供法律意见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.8
preferred label: 提供法律咨询与建议 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Negotiate and document agreements/contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.9
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Negotiating terms to reach a final draft of a contract that is acceptable to all parties.
definition: 协商合同条款，形成各方均可接受的最终合同草案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.9
preferred label: 谈判并签署协议/合同 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage community relations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.5.1
broader: Manage public relations program
definition: Developing and administering community relations. Establish business connections with the people constituting the environment the organization operates in and draws resources from in order to foster mutual understanding, trust, and support. Create programs that promote the organization's image in a positive and community-oriented way.
definition: 开展并管理社区关系。与组织运营及资源获取所依托的当地社群建立商业联系，增进相互理解、信任与支持；设计并实施有助于提升组织正面形象、体现社区导向的专项活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.5.1
preferred label: 管理社区关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage media relations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.5.2
broader: Manage public relations program
definition: Developing and managing relations with media. Develop connections with journalists to solicit critical, third-party endorsements for a product, issue, service, or organization.
definition: 开展并管理媒体关系。与记者建立联系，争取第三方独立机构对产品、议题、服务或组织的关键性背书。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.5.2
preferred label: 管理媒体关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Promote political stability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.5.3
broader: Manage public relations program
definition: Promoting political security and stability in the regions where the organization conducts business. Encourage political stability in the regions where the organization operates. Support civic programs, citizen engagement, connection platforms, etc.
definition: 促进组织经营所在区域的政治安全与稳定。倡导所涉区域政治环境的稳定性；支持公民项目、公众参与机制、连接平台等建设。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.5.3
preferred label: 促进政治稳定 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create press releases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.5.4
broader: Manage public relations program
definition: Developing press releases to communicate developments and generate interest in the organization.
definition: 撰写新闻稿，用于传达组织重要进展并激发公众关注。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.5.4
preferred label: 撰写新闻稿 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Issue press releases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.5.5
broader: Manage public relations program
definition: Issuing press releases to carefully selected media in distribution channels such as the web, newspapers, and social media.
definition: 向经严格筛选的媒体（如网站、报纸、社交媒体等传播渠道）发布新闻稿。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.5.5
preferred label: 发布新闻稿 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Evaluate and select suppliers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Supplier Management
broader: Supplier Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Supplier Management'.
definition: ITIL ‘供应商管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.6.1
preferred label: 评估与遴选供应商 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage supplier contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Supplier Management
broader: Supplier Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Supplier Management'.
definition: ITIL ‘供应商管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.6.2
preferred label: 管理供应商合同 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Monitor supplier performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Supplier Management
broader: Supplier Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Supplier Management'.
definition: ITIL ‘供应商管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.6.3
preferred label: 监控供应商绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and manage governance approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.1.1
broader: Establish and maintain process management governance
definition: Outlining and managing the methodology for administering business process management (BPM). Define the method for setting standards and priorities for BPM efforts. Identify BPM governance leaders. Define BPM project participants' roles.
definition: 制定并管理业务流程管理（BPM）治理方法论。明确 BPM 标准设定与优先级排序方法；指定 BPM 治理负责人；界定 BPM 项目各参与方角色。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.1.1
preferred label: 定义并管理治理方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish and maintain process tools and templates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.1.2
broader: Establish and maintain process management governance
definition: Instituting, organizing, and maintaining the upkeep of the techniques used for business process management (BPM). Create and maintain templates of BPM tools that can be readily implemented, including process engine, business analytics, content management, and collaboration tools.
definition: 建立、组织并持续维护业务流程管理（BPM）所用技术体系。创建并维护可快速部署的 BPM 工具模板，包括流程引擎、商业智能分析、内容管理及协同工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.1.2
preferred label: 建立并维护流程工具与模板 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assign and support process ownership
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.1.3
broader: Establish and maintain process management governance
definition: Assigning resources (employees) ownership of tasks. These include the responsibility of identifying, analyzing, and improving business processes in order to meet the goals and objectives such as increasing profits and performance, reducing costs, and accelerating schedules.
definition: 指派员工承担流程责任。职责包括识别、分析与优化业务流程，以实现提升利润与绩效、降低成本、加快交付周期等目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.1.3
preferred label: 指定并支持流程负责人 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform process governance activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.1.4
broader: Establish and maintain process management governance
definition: Implementing and executing activities for governing business processes. Execute activities that encourage participation, accountability, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, etc. within the business processes.
definition: 实施并执行业务流程治理活动。推动业务流程中各方的参与度、问责制、透明度、响应性、公平性与包容性等原则落地。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.1.4
preferred label: 开展流程治理活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish and maintain process framework
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.2.1
broader: Define and manage process frameworks
definition: Defining and managing the framework that outlines the required business processes of the organization, key elements, and how they should interact. Institute strategy infrastructure and product, operations, and enterprise management.
definition: 定义并管理组织所需业务流程框架，明确关键要素及其交互关系。构建战略基础设施，以及产品、运营与企业管理体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.2.1
preferred label: 建立并维护流程框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify cross-functional processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.2.2
broader: Define and manage process frameworks
definition: Recognizing the different functional areas working on the same project or goal.
definition: 识别协同推进同一项目或目标的不同职能领域。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.2.2
preferred label: 识别跨职能流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Scope processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.3.1
broader: Define processes
definition: Defining the extent and limits of business processes. Define the range and diversity of all the set of activities and tasks that, once completed, will accomplish an organizational goal.
definition: 界定业务流程的范围与边界。明确为达成组织目标所需完成的一整套活动与任务的广度与多样性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.3.1
preferred label: 界定流程范围 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify published best practices
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.3.2.1
broader: Analyze processes
definition: Realizing those practices and procedures that are the most effective to the success of the business and making that information available.
definition: 识别并推广对业务成功最有效的实践与规程，并确保相关信息可被广泛获取。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.3.2.1
preferred label: 识别已发布的最佳实践 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Identify and denote process control points
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.3.3
broader: Define processes
definition: Establishment of a "checkpoint" in a process that prevent the process from continuing unless all requirements are satisfied.
definition: 在流程中设立“检查点”，确保未满足全部前提条件前流程不得继续推进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.3.3
preferred label: 识别并标注流程控制点 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Model and document processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.3.4
broader: Define processes
definition: Defining what a business entity does, who is responsible, to what standard a business process should be completed, and how the success of a business process can be determined. Identify processes, gather information gathering, interview participants, map processes, and perform analysis.
definition: 明确业务实体的职责、责任人、执行标准及成效衡量方式。开展流程识别、信息采集、人员访谈、流程建模与分析等工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.3.4
preferred label: 建模并文档化流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Publish processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.3.5
broader: Define processes
definition: Disclosing the information available on business processes. Ensure the availability of the information regarding the business processes to all process team members, business stakeholders, and process owners. Use BPM software, as well as business process diagrams and documents that help depict the required information.
definition: 公开业务流程相关信息：确保流程团队成员、业务干系人及流程负责人均可获取业务流程相关的信息；借助业务流程管理（BPM）软件、业务流程图及文档等工具呈现所需信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.3.5
preferred label: 发布流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide process training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.4.1
broader: Manage process performance
definition: Providing training for the employees and process owners that administer the business processes. Design internal training programs or source third party agencies to provide the skills and training necessary.
definition: 面向流程执行人员及流程负责人开展培训：设计内部培训课程，或委托第三方机构提供所需技能与培训。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.4.1
preferred label: 提供流程培训 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Support process execution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.4.2
broader: Manage process performance
definition: Assisting and executing the business processes. Use business process execution language (BEPL), which is a standard, executable language for specifying actions within the business processes with the use of web services.
definition: 协助并执行业务流程：采用业务流程执行语言（BEPL）——一种基于Web服务的标准可执行语言，用于明确定义业务流程中的操作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.4.2
preferred label: 支持流程执行 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify additional metrics as required
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.4.3.1
broader: Measure and report process performance
definition: Determining the need for additional performance indicators that would be necessary to successfully achieve the business goal.
definition: 识别实现业务目标所必需的补充性绩效指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.4.3.1
preferred label: 按需识别补充性指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Identify and select improvement opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.5.1
broader: Improve processes
definition: Helping a process owner to identify, analyze, and improve existing business processes within an organization to meet new goals and objectives.
definition: 协助流程负责人识别、分析并改进组织现有业务流程，以达成新的目标与战略意图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.5.1
preferred label: 识别并遴选改进机会 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Select process improvement methodology
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.5.2
broader: Improve processes
definition: Assessing and choosing methodologies to identify, analyze, and improve existing processes within an organization to meet new goals and objective. Assess the various methodologies available such as process mapping, statistical process control, and simulation. Choose the most appropriate and effective methodology.
definition: 评估并遴选适用于识别、分析与改进组织现有流程的方法论：评估流程映射、统计过程控制、仿真建模等各类方法，择优选用最适配且高效的方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.5.2
preferred label: 选择流程改进方法论 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage improvement projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.5.3
broader: Improve processes
definition: Developing and implementing a systematic approach to help the organization optimize its underlying processes in order to achieve more efficient results. Systematically gather information to clarify issues or problems. Intervene for improvements. Restructure training programs as appropriate to increase effectiveness.
definition: 构建并实施系统化方法，助力组织优化底层业务流程以提升效能：系统收集信息厘清问题；主动介入推动改进；视需重构培训体系以增强实效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.5.3
preferred label: 管理改进项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform continuous improvement activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.5.4
broader: Improve processes
definition: Persistently implementing activities for improving business processes.
definition: 持续推进业务流程改进活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.5.4
preferred label: 开展持续改进活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define sustainability disclosure requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.1.1
broader: Identify sustainability requirements
definition: Defining and communicating sustainability disclosure requirements. Clarify and align disclosure requirements to other organizational reporting requirements and needs. Integrate preparation and reporting activities.
definition: 界定并传达可持续发展信息披露要求；厘清并协同其他组织报告要求与业务需求；整合信息披露的准备与报告工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.1.1
preferred label: 界定可持续发展信息披露要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Define sustainability governance requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.1.2
broader: Identify sustainability requirements
definition: Defining governance requirements for sustainability. Include structure, roles, alignment to organization models, processes and standards to be applied.
definition: 界定可持续发展治理要求，涵盖组织架构、角色职责、与组织模型的对齐关系，以及需采用的流程与标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.1.2
preferred label: 界定可持续发展治理要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Define sustainability functional and performance requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.1.3
broader: Identify sustainability requirements
definition: Defining functional and performance requirements for sustainability. Align with ESG strategies, goals, and the implementation of sustainability efforts across the organization, provide a roadmap and visibility to shared and collective requirements.
definition: 界定可持续发展功能与绩效要求；与ESG战略、目标及全组织可持续发展举措实施相协同，提供路线图并明晰共性与协同性要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.1.3
preferred label: 界定可持续发展职能与绩效要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Establish sustainability goals/objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.2
broader: Develop sustainability capability
definition: Establishing organizational sustainability goals/objectives. Gather, align, and promote organization-wide sustainability goals that collectively address the overall sustainability requirements. Ensure the goals are measurable and have qualitative and quantitative targets.
definition: 制定组织级可持续发展目标/对象；汇集、对齐并推广覆盖全组织的可持续发展目标，确保目标整体满足可持续发展要求；确保目标可衡量，并设定定性与定量指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.2
preferred label: 设定可持续发展目标／目的 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create sustainability policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.3
broader: Develop sustainability capability
definition: Establishing, documenting, and communicating sustainability policies. Develop policies, written procedures, and supporting tools to dictate how the organization will meet policy requirements.
definition: 制定、记录并传达可持续发展政策；开发政策、书面程序及配套工具，明确组织落实政策要求的具体路径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.3
preferred label: 制定可持续发展政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define sustainability measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.4
broader: Develop sustainability capability
definition: Defining sustainability measures. Provide organization-wide measures, to include data collection strategies, calculations, analytics, and reporting formats.
definition: 定义可持续发展度量指标；建立全组织统一的度量体系，涵盖数据采集策略、计算方法、分析模型及报告格式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.4
preferred label: 定义可持续发展度量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create sustainability plan(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.5
broader: Develop sustainability capability
definition: Creating sustainability plans. Develop and socialize sustainability plans for the organization, functional units, and support services. Ensure alignment to sustainability requirements, goals, and governance.
definition: 制定可持续发展计划；为组织、职能单元及支持服务制定并推广可持续发展计划；确保计划与可持续发展要求、目标及治理框架保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.5
preferred label: 制定可持续发展计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide sustainability training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.2.1
broader: Manage sustainability capability
definition: Providing sustainability training and awareness. Plan, prepare, and oversee delivery of sustainability education and enablement activities.
definition: 开展可持续发展培训与意识宣贯；统筹规划、筹备并监督可持续发展教育与赋能活动的实施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.2.1
preferred label: 提供可持续发展培训 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide sustainability support
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.2.2
broader: Manage sustainability capability
definition: Providing support for sustainability activities. Augment functional units and support teams with coaching, mentoring, and SME capacity to perform sustainability projects and activities.
definition: 为可持续发展活动提供支持；通过辅导、导师制及领域专家（SME）能力补充，赋能职能单元与支持团队高效开展可持续发展项目与活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.2.2
preferred label: 提供可持续发展支持 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure sustainability performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.2.3.1
broader: Perform sustainability reporting
definition: Measuring sustainability performance. Setup, collect, and validate sustainability data. Conduct audits and inspections. Evaluate results to requirements and targets. Identify and track resolution of gaps and variances.
definition: 测量可持续发展绩效；建立、采集并校验可持续发展数据；开展审计与检查；对照要求与目标评估结果；识别、跟踪并闭环整改差距与偏差。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.2.3.1
preferred label: 衡量可持续发展绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Prepare sustainability statements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.2.3.2
broader: Perform sustainability reporting
definition: Preparing sustainability statements. Given the multitude of potential audiences for reporting, alignment and consistency of sustainability statements provides clarity and reusability for those audiences.
definition: 编制可持续发展声明；鉴于报告受众多元，确保声明内容的一致性与协同性，以提升信息清晰度与复用价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.2.3.2
preferred label: 编制可持续发展声明 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Identify improvement opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Continual Improvement
broader: Continual Improvement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Continual Improvement'.
definition: ITIL‘持续改进’实践中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.11.1
preferred label: 识别改进机会 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define improvement initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Continual Improvement
broader: Continual Improvement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Continual Improvement'.
definition: ITIL‘持续改进’实践中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.11.2
preferred label: 定义改进举措 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Execute improvements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Continual Improvement
broader: Continual Improvement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Continual Improvement'.
definition: ITIL‘持续改进’实践中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.11.3
preferred label: 执行改进措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Evaluate improvement results
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Continual Improvement
broader: Continual Improvement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Continual Improvement'.
definition: ITIL‘持续改进’实践中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.11.4
preferred label: 评估改进成效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define AI maturity framework
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Assess AI Capability Maturity
definition: AI activity: Define AI maturity framework.
definition: AI活动：定义AI成熟度框架。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.1.1
preferred label: 定义人工智能（AI）成熟度框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Benchmark current AI capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Assess AI Capability Maturity
definition: AI activity: Benchmark current AI capabilities.
definition: AI活动：对标当前AI能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.1.2
preferred label: 对标当前人工智能（AI）能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop AI maturity roadmap
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Assess AI Capability Maturity
definition: AI activity: Develop AI maturity roadmap.
definition: AI活动：制定AI成熟度路线图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.1.3
preferred label: 制定人工智能（AI）成熟度路线图 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Track maturity progression
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Assess AI Capability Maturity
definition: AI activity: Track maturity progression.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：跟踪成熟度演进 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.1.4
preferred label: 跟踪成熟度演进 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify AI skill gaps
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop AI Knowledge and Skills
definition: AI activity: Identify AI skill gaps.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：识别人工智能技能缺口 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.2.1
preferred label: 识别人工智能（AI）技能缺口 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design AI training programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop AI Knowledge and Skills
definition: AI activity: Design AI training programs.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：设计人工智能培训项目 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.2.2
preferred label: 设计人工智能（AI）培训项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Certify AI practitioners
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop AI Knowledge and Skills
definition: AI activity: Certify AI practitioners.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：认证人工智能实践者 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.2.3
preferred label: 认证人工智能（AI）从业者 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Build AI communities of practice
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop AI Knowledge and Skills
definition: AI activity: Build AI communities of practice.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：构建人工智能实践社区 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.2.4
preferred label: 构建人工智能（AI）实践社区 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define decision automation criteria
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI-Assisted Decision Making
definition: AI activity: Define decision automation criteria.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：定义决策自动化标准 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.3.1
preferred label: 定义决策自动化标准 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement decision support systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI-Assisted Decision Making
definition: AI activity: Implement decision support systems.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：部署决策支持系统 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.3.2
preferred label: 部署决策支持系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor decision quality
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI-Assisted Decision Making
definition: AI activity: Monitor decision quality.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：监控决策质量 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.3.3
preferred label: 监控决策质量 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Balance human-AI decision authority
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI-Assisted Decision Making
definition: AI activity: Balance human-AI decision authority.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：平衡人机决策权责 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.3.4
preferred label: 平衡人机决策权限 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Scout AI technology trends
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Innovation Pipeline
definition: AI activity: Scout AI technology trends.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：追踪人工智能技术趋势 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.4.1
preferred label: 追踪人工智能（AI）技术趋势 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate AI use cases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Innovation Pipeline
definition: AI activity: Evaluate AI use cases.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：评估人工智能应用场景 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.4.2
preferred label: 评估人工智能（AI）应用场景 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prototype AI solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Innovation Pipeline
definition: AI activity: Prototype AI solutions.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：原型化人工智能解决方案 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.4.3
preferred label: 原型化人工智能（AI）解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Scale successful AI pilots
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Innovation Pipeline
definition: AI activity: Scale successful AI pilots.
definition: 人工智能（AI）活动：规模化推广成功的人工智能试点项目 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.4.4
preferred label: 规模化推广成功的人工智能（AI）试点 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish portfolio strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.1.1
broader: Manage portfolio
definition: Instituting the strategy for managing business portfolio. Create a systematic plan that defines the strategy for managing investments, holdings, products, businesses, and brands.
definition: 建立业务组合管理战略：制定系统性计划，明确投资、持股、产品、业务单元及品牌等要素的管理策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.1.1
preferred label: 制定项目组合战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define portfolio governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.1.2
broader: Manage portfolio
definition: Outlining the administration of business portfolio of the organization. Create and manage the rules and regulations regarding the business processes in order to identify, select, prioritize, and monitor portfolio components. Include a set of metrics to indicate the health and progress of the portfolio in the most vital area.
definition: 界定业务组合管理机制：制定并维护相关规则与制度，规范组合组件的识别、遴选、优先级排序与监控；配套设定关键健康度与进展指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.1.2
preferred label: 定义项目组合治理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and control portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.1.3
broader: Manage portfolio
definition: Overseeing and administering the business portfolio of the organization. Monitor all activities related to investments, holdings, products, businesses, and brands by effectively monitoring and supervising these activities.
definition: 监督与运营业务组合：通过有效监控与督导，全面跟踪投资、持股、产品、业务单元及品牌相关各项活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.1.3
preferred label: 监控与控制项目组合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish program structure and approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.2.1
broader: Manage programs
definition: Constructing and instituting the framework and approach to manage business programs. Monitor key factors such as governance, alignment with the overall business vision, assurance, and management.
definition: 构建并落地业务项目组合管理框架与方法：重点监控治理机制、与组织愿景的战略对齐度、保障机制及管理效能等关键要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.2.1
preferred label: 建立项目集结构与实施路径 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage program stakeholders and partners
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.2.2
broader: Manage programs
definition: Managing relationships with stakeholders and partners of the business programs.
definition: 管理业务项目组合的干系人与合作伙伴关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.2.2
preferred label: 管理项目集干系人与合作伙伴 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage program execution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.2.3
broader: Manage programs
definition: Administering and implementing business programs. Implement and execute programs with the intention of improving an organization's performance. Execute all the individual projects of the program to ensure the desired success.
definition: 运营与实施业务项目组合：以提升组织绩效为目标推进组合实施；全面落实组合内各子项目，确保整体成功交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.2.3
preferred label: 管理项目集执行 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review and report program performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.2.4
broader: Manage programs
definition: Evaluating and documenting the performance of business programs. Evaluate the performance of the programs. Create reports on the basis of the analysis. Use performance indicators and metrics such as desired/achieved goals, completion dates, issues and defects, and cost effectiveness.
definition: 评估并记录业务项目组合绩效：开展绩效评估；基于分析结果编制报告；运用目标达成率、计划完成时间、问题与缺陷数、成本效益等绩效指标与度量数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.2.4
preferred label: 评审并报告项目集绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify project requirements and objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.1.1
broader: Establish project scope
definition: Recognizing and defining what the project is ultimately supposed to do. Specify the capabilities, features, or attributes of the project's deliverables, as well as any kind of formal documentation.
definition: 识别并定义项目最终交付价值：明确项目可交付成果的能力、功能或属性，并形成正式文档。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.1.1
preferred label: 识别项目需求与目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Identify project resource requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.1.2
broader: Establish project scope
definition: Identifying the prerequisites of business projects. Identify the people with appropriate and applicable skills and competencies. Locate resources such as capital, facilities, equipment, material, and information required to accomplish the objectives of a specific project.
definition: 识别业务项目的先决条件：匹配具备相应技能与胜任力的人员；落实资本、场地、设备、物料及信息等必要资源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.1.2
preferred label: 识别项目资源需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Assess culture and readiness for project management approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.1.3
broader: Establish project scope
definition: Evaluating the culture and readiness of the organizational environment is order to implement the project management approach.
definition: 评估组织文化与环境对实施项目管理方法的适配性与成熟度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.1.3
preferred label: 评估组织文化及项目管理方法的就绪度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Create business case
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.1.4
broader: Establish project scope
definition: Creating a document that includes the current situation, proposed solution, financial analysis, conclusion, etc. Convince a decision maker and investors to approve the project. Obtain funding.
definition: 编制立项建议书：涵盖现状分析、拟议解决方案、财务分析、结论等内容，用于说服决策者与投资者批准项目并获取资金。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.1.4
preferred label: 编制商业论证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Develop project measures and indicators
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.1.5
broader: Establish project scope
definition: Developing procedures and indictors to assess performance of business projects. Design and develop metrics and indicators--such as cost, schedule, resources, risk, and quality--that exhibit the performance of the business projects.
definition: 制定业务项目绩效评估程序与指标：设计并开发反映项目绩效的成本、进度、资源、风险与质量等维度的度量指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.1.5
preferred label: 制定项目度量指标与关键绩效指标（KPI） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Prioritize and select projects for the portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.1.6
broader: Establish project scope
definition: Stack ranking of projects in the portfolio based upon preestablished criteria.
definition: 依据预设标准对组合内项目进行优先级排序（堆栈式排名）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.1.6
preferred label: 对项目组合中的项目进行优先级排序与遴选 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Identify appropriate project management methodologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.2
broader: Manage projects
definition: Identifying and implementing the techniques and procedures for managing business projects. Identify the most appropriate models, which are to be employed by the project managers for the purpose of designing, planning, implementing, and achieving project objectives. Examine and assess various project management methodologies such as adaptive project framework, agile development, crystal methods, and feature-driven development.
definition: 识别并应用业务项目管理技术与规程：甄选最适合项目管理者在设计、规划、实施与达成目标过程中采用的方法模型；评估自适应项目框架（APF）、敏捷开发、水晶方法、特性驱动开发（FDD）等各类项目管理方法论。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.2
preferred label: 识别适用的项目管理方法论 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define roles and resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3.1
broader: Develop project plans
definition: Outlining the resources and their roles in the business projects.
definition: 明确业务项目中各类资源及其职责分工。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3.1
preferred label: 明确角色与资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Acquire/secure project resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3.2
broader: Develop project plans
definition: Procuring the necessary resources outlined in Define roles and resources [11123]
definition: 采购《界定角色与资源》[11123]中所列明的必要资源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3.2
preferred label: 获取/落实项目资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Identify specific IT requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3.3
broader: Develop project plans
definition: Determining the IT requirements for specific business projects. Identify the requirements of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data related to the project. Consider factors such as functional requirements, design requirements, project phases, and project schedule.
definition: 确定特定业务项目的IT需求：识别支撑项目数据存储、检索、传输与处理所需的计算机及通信设备要求；综合考虑功能需求、设计需求、项目阶段与进度安排等因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3.3
preferred label: 识别具体信息技术（IT）需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Create training and communication plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3.4
broader: Develop project plans
definition: Designing a plan for equipping the project team with the necessary skills and abilities to fulfill their roles and responsibilities in the project effectively and efficiently. Offer formal training, mentoring, or coaching. Initiate informal conversations. Communicate messages during the project.
definition: 制定赋能计划：通过正式培训、导师制或教练辅导等方式，提升项目团队履职所需技能与能力；辅以非正式交流与全过程信息沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3.4
preferred label: 制定培训与沟通计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Design recognition and reward approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3.5
broader: Develop project plans
definition: Creating a plan for recognizing and rewarding extraordinary performances within the business projects. Use incentives, bonuses, and certificates for recognition and rewarding purposes.
definition: 制定项目卓越绩效认可与激励计划：采用奖金、津贴、荣誉证书等形式予以表彰与激励。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3.5
preferred label: 设计认可与激励机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Design and plan launch of project
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3.6
broader: Develop project plans
definition: Creating a plan specifying when to initiate the project, and introducing it to the target audience. Clearly define the project team, objectives, timelines, and milestone.
definition: 制定项目启动计划：明确启动时点与目标受众；清晰界定项目团队、目标、时间表及关键里程碑。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3.6
preferred label: 设计并规划项目启动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Deploy the project
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3.7
broader: Develop project plans
definition: Putting the project into position by effectively bringing it into action.
definition: 推动项目落地实施：高效推动项目进入实际运行状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3.7
preferred label: 部署项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Evaluate impact of project management (strategy and projects) on measures and outcomes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4.1
broader: Execute projects
definition: Assessing the impact of business project management on the measures and outcomes of the projects. Gauge non-financial measures, frequency of measurement, action plan, etc.
definition: 评估业务项目管理对项目指标与成果的影响：衡量非财务指标、测量频次、改进举措等维度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4.1
preferred label: 评估项目管理（战略与项目）对度量指标与成果的影响 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Report the status of project
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4.2
broader: Execute projects
definition: Recording and documenting the current status and position of the project. Record and report items such as completed tasks, incomplete tasks, planned tasks, and problems faced.
definition: 记录并归档项目当前状态与进展，包括已完成任务、未完成任务、计划任务及所遇问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4.2
preferred label: 报告项目状态 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Manage project scope
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4.3
broader: Execute projects
definition: Determining and documenting a list of specific project goals, deliverables, tasks, costs, and deadlines. Use the scope statement to explain the boundaries of the project. Assign responsibilities for team members. Set up procedures for verifying and approving the completed tasks.
definition: 明确并文档化具体项目目标、可交付成果、任务、成本及截止日期；利用范围说明书界定项目边界；分配团队成员职责；建立任务完成后的验证与审批流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4.3
preferred label: 管理项目范围 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Promote and sustain activity and involvement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4.4
broader: Execute projects
definition: Encouraging and sustaining the activities and involvement while executing projects. Promote the execution activities of the projects. Encourage employee involvement in project implementation.
definition: 在项目执行过程中持续激发并维持团队活动与参与度，推动项目执行工作，鼓励员工积极参与项目实施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4.4
preferred label: 促进并持续推动活动参与 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Conduct Project Reviews with Program Managers and other stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4.5
broader: Execute projects
definition: Hold post project reviews, lessons learned, or After Action Reviews (AARs) at the end of each project to understand what could be improved during future projects.
definition: 在每个项目结束时开展项目后评审、经验总结或行动后复盘（AAR），以识别未来项目可改进之处。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4.5
preferred label: 与项目集经理及其他相关方开展项目评审 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Realign and refresh project management strategy and approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4.6
broader: Execute projects
definition: Reorganizing and stimulating the approach and strategy for managing business projects. Make improvements based on the project scope and on findings from Evaluate the impact of project management (strategy and projects) on measures and outcomes [11131].
definition: 重构并优化业务项目管理的方法与策略，基于项目范围及‘评估项目管理（战略与项目）对指标与成果的影响’[11131]的分析结果实施改进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4.6
preferred label: 调整并更新项目管理策略与方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Adjust project plan as needed
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4.7
broader: Execute projects
definition: Changes to project plans based upon internal and or external influences on the project. This would include the update to the project plan file, as well as the communication to the team.
definition: 依据内外部影响因素调整项目计划，包括更新项目计划文件并向团队沟通变更内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4.7
preferred label: 按需调整项目计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Review and report project performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.5
broader: Manage projects
definition: Measuring the performance of a business project against key performance indicators including the project scope, schedule, quality, cost, and risk criteria. Identify any deviations from the plan. Assess the impact of these deviations on the project, as well as on the overall program. Report results to key stakeholders.
definition: 依据关键绩效指标（KPI）——包括项目范围、进度、质量、成本与风险等维度——衡量业务项目绩效；识别偏离计划的情况；评估其对项目及整体项目集的影响；向关键干系人报告结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.5
preferred label: 评审并报告项目绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Close projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.6
broader: Manage projects
definition: Settling each contract. Close each contract applicable to the project or project phase. Finalize all activities across all of the process groups in order to formally close the project or a project phase.
definition: 完成每份合同的收尾工作；关闭适用于项目或项目阶段的所有合同；全面终结各过程组中的全部活动，以正式结束项目或项目阶段。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.6
preferred label: 收尾项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Initiate IT projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Project Management
broader: Project Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Project Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘项目管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.4.1
preferred label: 启动IT项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan and execute IT projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Project Management
broader: Project Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Project Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘项目管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.4.2
preferred label: 规划并执行IT项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and control IT projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Project Management
broader: Project Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Project Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘项目管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.4.3
preferred label: 监控与控制IT项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define critical-to-quality characteristics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.1
broader: Establish quality requirements
definition: Outlining characteristics crucial for managing enterprise quality. Translate broad customer needs into specific, actionable, measurable performance requirements. Define the key measurable characteristics of key products and processes.
definition: 界定企业质量管理的关键特征；将宽泛的客户需求转化为具体、可操作、可测量的性能要求；定义核心产品与流程的关键可测特性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.1
preferred label: 界定关键质量特性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define preventive quality activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.2
broader: Establish quality requirements
definition: Identifying gaps in customer requirements and determining whether the gap will be mitigated through preventive Quality activities or deemed as acceptable risk. The goal of any preventive quality activities is to create provisions to prevent, control, or reduce the risk of not meeting the CtQCs. In addition, any standard methodology that will be used to design or conduct preventive Quality activities are defined and documented.
definition: 识别客户需求缺口，并判定该缺口将通过预防性质量活动予以弥补，抑或被接受为可容忍风险；预防性质量活动的目标是制定措施以预防、控制或降低未能满足关键质量特性（CtQCs）的风险；同时明确定义并文档化拟采用的标准方法，用于设计或执行预防性质量活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.2
preferred label: 界定预防性质量活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define process steps for controls (or integration points)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.3.1
broader: Develop quality controls
definition: Establishing the steps for developing quality controls. Conduct Alpha testing. Have the product team conduct rework. Send the product/service for Beta testing, and carry on rework as needed.
definition: 建立质量控制开发步骤：开展Alpha测试；由产品团队实施返工；将产品/服务送入Beta测试，并按需持续返工。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.3.1
preferred label: 界定控制流程步骤（或集成点） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Define sampling plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.3.2
broader: Develop quality controls
definition: Establishing a detailed summary including measures, on which material, in what manner, and by whom. Identify the parameters to be measured, the range of possible values, and the required resolution. Provide a sampling scheme that details how and when samples will be taken. Select sample sizes. Assign roles and responsibilities.
definition: 编制含测量要素的详细说明，明确测量对象、方式与责任人；确定待测参数、允许取值范围及所需精度；制定详尽的抽样方案，说明抽样时机与方法；确定样本量；明确角色与职责。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.3.2
preferred label: 界定抽样方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Identify measurement methods
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.3.3
broader: Develop quality controls
definition: Using tools to measure quality. Use tools such as quality improvement oversight system tool, performance measurement tools, consumer information models/guides, and validation tools to effectively determine the quality levels.
definition: 运用工具开展质量测量：使用质量改进监督系统工具、绩效测量工具、消费者信息模型/指南及验证工具等，有效判定质量水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.3.3
preferred label: 识别测量方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Define required competencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.3.4
broader: Develop quality controls
definition: Defining the competencies required for developing quality controls. Define the required competencies including compliance management, audit management, and document control and document management.
definition: 界定质量控制开发所需的胜任力：包括合规管理、审计管理、文件控制与文档管理等能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.3.4
preferred label: 界定所需能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Prove capability to assess compliance with requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.4
broader: Establish quality requirements
definition: Demonstrating the ability and capability to confirm and fulfill the quality requirements in front of customers, managers, employees, board members, associations, regulatory bodies, and creditors. Leverage tools and techniques such as process behavior or control charts, statistical process control, measurement system analysis, gage calibration management, and process capability analysis.
definition: 面向客户、管理者、员工、董事会成员、行业协会、监管机构及债权人，展示组织确认并满足质量要求的能力与实力；运用过程行为图/控制图、统计过程控制（SPC）、测量系统分析（MSA）、量具校准管理、过程能力分析等工具与技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.4
preferred label: 验证评估合规性要求的能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Finalize quality plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.5
broader: Establish quality requirements
definition: Establishing how the critical-to-quality characteristics will be achieved, controlled, ensured, and managed throughout the lifecycle of a product/service. Address quality requirements and critical-to-quality characteristics. Conduct a preventive quality assessment. Describe how to verify the product/service, verification criteria, and response to nonconformance. Keep records to demonstrate conformity.
definition: 明确关键质量特性（CtQCs）在产品/服务全生命周期内如何实现、受控、保障与管理；响应质量要求与关键质量特性；开展预防性质量评估；说明产品/服务验证方式、验证标准及不符合项响应机制；保留记录以证明符合性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.5
preferred label: 定稿质量计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct test and collect data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.1.1
broader: Test against quality plan
definition: Evaluating quality performance through periodic or episodic testing against the established standards for quality characteristics. For periodic testing, design a schedule with sufficient time to make any required adjustments to the process or system to maintain the desired level of quality. For episodic testing, conduct a test whenever a known non-conformance or fault occurs, which results in outputs or outcomes known to be unsatisfactory to performance requirements.
definition: 通过周期性或事件驱动型测试，对照既定质量特性标准评估质量绩效：周期性测试需设计合理时间表，预留足够时间对流程或系统进行必要调整以维持期望质量水平；事件驱动型测试则在已知不符合项或故障发生、导致输出/结果明显不满足性能要求时立即开展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.1.1
preferred label: 开展测试并采集数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Record result(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.1.2
broader: Test against quality plan
definition: Maintaining and recording the results of Test against the quality plan [17483] electronically and in standard formats. Assign ownership to a designated function or role.
definition: 以电子化及标准格式维护并记录‘对照质量计划开展的测试’[17483]结果；指定职能或角色承担该项工作所有权。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.1.2
preferred label: 记录结果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Determine disposition of result(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.1.3
broader: Test against quality plan
definition: Deciding whether to take any additional actions based on the results of quality tests. Initiate a quarantine disposition and relocated inventory, scrap workflow item and scrap transaction, rework operation, net-able and nonnet-able items, and the activity list.
definition: 基于质量测试结果决定是否采取进一步措施：启动隔离处置并转移库存、报废工作项与交易、执行返工操作、区分可冲销与不可冲销项，以及更新活动清单。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.1.3
preferred label: 判定结果处置方式 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Assess sample significance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.2.1
broader: Assess results of tests
definition: Assessing the significance of the sample chosen for the test in order to determine whether or not the sample is representative of the larger output or outcome. Determine if the sample meets or does not meet the requirements. Identify the conditions for acceptance, rejection, remediation, and prevention.
definition: 评估所选测试样本的代表性，判断其能否反映整体输出或结果；判定样本是否符合要求；明确接收、拒收、整改与预防的判定条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.2.1
preferred label: 评估样本代表性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Summarize result(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.2.2
broader: Assess results of tests
definition: Outlining the major facts and figures of the quality test results in order to provide insights and information. Use charts, tables, statistical test results, and written findings and conclusions in a summary of results.
definition: 以图表、表格、统计检验结果及文字形式的发现与结论，归纳质量测试结果的核心事实与数据，提供洞察与决策支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.2.2
preferred label: 汇总结果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Recommend actions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.2.3
broader: Assess results of tests
definition: Recommending measures for improvement. Assess the summarized results to identify areas which can be improved. Suggest actions to management for improving the quality plan basis on the results of the tests.
definition: 提出改进建议：基于汇总结果识别可提升领域；向管理层建议基于测试结果优化质量计划的具体措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.2.3
preferred label: 提出改进建议 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Decide next steps
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.2.4
broader: Assess results of tests
definition: Selecting the subsequent actions that the organization can adopt for improving the enterprise quality. Select measures and recommended actions for managing the enterprise quality.
definition: 选择组织可采纳的后续行动以提升企业质量：筛选并确定质量管控措施及推荐行动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.2.4
preferred label: 确定后续步骤 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Assess potential impact
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.3.1
broader: Manage non-conformance
definition: Analyzing any nonconformance events. Determine the need for corrective and/or preventative action(s). Leverage root-cause analysis, risk exposure, and other evaluations to properly review and approve/reject subsequent actions.
definition: 分析不符合项事件：判定是否需采取纠正和/或预防措施；借助根本原因分析、风险暴露评估及其他评价手段，审慎评审并批准/否决后续行动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.3.1
preferred label: 评估潜在影响 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine immediate action(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.3.2
broader: Manage non-conformance
definition: Initiating immediate corrective, preventative, or no action based upon the impact and likelihood of reoccurrence. Consider cost/benefit, risk exposure, timing, the assignment of responsibility, and other pertinent factors .
definition: 依据不符合项影响程度与复发可能性，立即启动纠正、预防或不采取行动；综合考量成本效益、风险暴露、时效性、责任归属及其他相关因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.3.2
preferred label: 确定即时应对措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify root cause(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.3.3
broader: Manage non-conformance
definition: Recognizing the reasons that have triggered the nonconformance events or activities. Perform a root-cause analysis through documentary evidence and interviews. Involve the appropriate individuals. Leverage cause analysis and risk assessment.
definition: 识别触发不符合项事件或活动的深层原因：通过文档证据与访谈开展根本原因分析；邀请相关人员参与；结合因果分析与风险评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.3.3
preferred label: 识别根本原因 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Take corrective or preventative action
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.3.4
broader: Manage non-conformance
definition: Pursuing corrective and preventative activities to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity. Define the nonconformity. Communicate and assign responsibility. Identify the appropriate corrective and preventive action. Implement and monitor for reoccurrence.
definition: 开展纠正与预防活动以消除已识别不符合项的根本原因：明确定义不符合项；传达并落实责任；识别适配的纠正与预防措施；实施并监控以防复发。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.3.4
preferred label: 实施纠正或预防措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Close non-conformance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.3.5
broader: Manage non-conformance
definition: Closing nonconformance. Perform all the final processes related to the nonconformance, including documenting root causes. Document corrective and preventive actions.
definition: 关闭不符合项：完成所有相关收尾工作，包括记录根本原因，以及纠正与预防措施的文档化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.3.5
preferred label: 关闭不符合项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define the quality strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.1
broader: Implement and maintain the enterprise quality management system (EQMS)
definition: Outlining the strategy for managing enterprise quality. Define and formalize quality techniques and standards. Assign responsibilities for achieving the required quality levels. Standardize the quality maintenance procedure, tools and techniques, recording and reporting, the timing of quality maintenance activities, and the roles and responsibilities for the quality management team.
definition: 制定企业质量管理战略，明确定义并正式化质量技术与标准；明确达成所需质量水平的责任分工；统一质量维护流程、工具与技术、记录与报告机制、质量维护活动的时间安排，以及质量管理团队的职责分工。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.1
preferred label: 制定质量战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan and deploy the EQMS scope, targets, and goals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.2
broader: Implement and maintain the enterprise quality management system (EQMS)
definition: Establishing and effectively deploying the scope, targets, and goals of EQMS. Define the role of EQMS through nonconformance/corrective and preventive action, compliance/audit management, risk management, failure mode and effects analysis, and statistical process control. Implement EQMS into operational activities. Define the goals and objectives that are to be achieved by the EQMS.
definition: 确立并有效部署企业质量管理体系（EQMS）的范围、目标与宗旨；通过不符合项管理／纠正与预防措施、合规／审计管理、风险管理、失效模式与影响分析（FMEA）、统计过程控制（SPC）等明确EQMS职能；将EQMS嵌入日常运营活动；定义EQMS需达成的具体目标与成果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.2
preferred label: 规划并部署企业质量管理体系（EQMS）范围、目标与宗旨 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify core EQMS processes, controls, and metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.3
broader: Implement and maintain the enterprise quality management system (EQMS)
definition: Recognizing and implementing the processes, controls, and metrics for maintenance of EQMS. Define the role of EQMS in failure mode and effects analysis, complaint handling, and advanced product quality planning. Establish the role of EQMS in evaluating metrics such as cost of quality, overall equipment effectiveness, on-time and complete shipments, percentage of products in compliance, and new product introductions.
definition: 识别并落实支撑EQMS持续运行的流程、管控机制与衡量指标；明确EQMS在失效模式与影响分析（FMEA）、客户投诉处理、先进产品质量策划（APQP）中的作用；建立EQMS对质量成本、设备综合效率（OEE）、准时齐套交付率、合规产品占比、新产品导入数量等关键指标的评估机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.3
preferred label: 识别企业质量管理体系（EQMS）核心流程、控制措施与指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and document EQMS policies, procedures, standards, and measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.4
broader: Implement and maintain the enterprise quality management system (EQMS)
definition: Setting the process limits. Gather required information. Align with other documents and processes. Define the document structure.
definition: 设定流程边界；收集必要信息；与其他文档及流程保持协同；定义文档结构。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.4
preferred label: 制定并记录企业质量管理体系（EQMS）政策、程序、标准与度量方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess the EQMS performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.5
broader: Implement and maintain the enterprise quality management system (EQMS)
definition: Benchmarking current performance in quality metrics that span across the value chain. Identify gaps in performance as compared to industry peers. Identify and implement complementary EQMS capabilities. Enable a continuous improvement environment.
definition: 对标贯穿价值链的质量绩效指标；识别与行业标杆相比的绩效差距；识别并引入互补性EQMS能力；营造持续改进环境。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.5
preferred label: 评估企业质量管理体系（EQMS）绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Reward quality excellence
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.6.1
broader: Create environment and capability for EQMS improvement(s)
definition: Provisioning rewards for achieving quality excellence. Provide monetary and nonmonetary rewards such as compensation, vacations, gift cards, and reimbursements to employees in in recognition of their services, efforts, and achievements in quality excellence.
definition: 设立质量卓越奖励机制；向员工提供货币性与非货币性激励，包括薪酬调整、带薪休假、礼品卡、费用报销等，以表彰其在质量卓越实践中的服务、努力与成就。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.6.1
preferred label: 表彰质量卓越表现 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Create and maintain quality partnerships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.6.2
broader: Create environment and capability for EQMS improvement(s)
definition: Establishing and maintaining partnerships with third-party sources to achieve quality excellence. Source and evaluate third-party sources both public and private to ensure that the most effective and efficient partnerships are formed.
definition: 建立并维系第三方质量合作伙伴关系；甄选并评估公共与私营第三方资源，确保构建高效、高质的合作关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.6.2
preferred label: 建立并维系质量合作伙伴关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Maintain talent capabilities and competencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.6.3
broader: Create environment and capability for EQMS improvement(s)
definition: Maintaining a common denominator for the competency level within the organization's talent circle. Conduct training sessions, skill development activities, and quality excellence activities to ensure that the resources of the organization are competent enough and have the capabilities to achieve the required level of quality.
definition: 统一组织内人才梯队的质量胜任力基准；开展培训、技能提升及质量卓越专项活动，确保组织资源具备达成既定质量目标所需的能力与资质。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.6.3
preferred label: 持续提升人才能力与胜任力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Incorporate EQMS messaging into communication channels
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.6.4
broader: Create environment and capability for EQMS improvement(s)
definition: Assimilating all the communication related to the EQMS into the organization's already established communication channels.
definition: 将所有EQMS相关信息整合至组织既有沟通渠道中。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.6.4
preferred label: 将企业质量管理体系（EQMS）信息融入各类沟通渠道 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Assure independent EQMS management access to appropriate authority in the organization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.6.5
broader: Create environment and capability for EQMS improvement(s)
definition: Ensuring EQMS access to the person in charge of the quality management process. Establish who has the authority to manage the EQMS. Ensure access of EQMS to only the person(s) in authority.
definition: 确保质量管理人员对EQMS系统的专属访问权限；明确EQMS管理权责归属；仅授权指定责任人访问EQMS。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.6.5
preferred label: 确保企业质量管理体系（EQMS）管理层具备组织内相应权限的独立访问权 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Transfer proven EQMS methods
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.6.6
broader: Create environment and capability for EQMS improvement(s)
definition: Recording and transferring the best practices and proven methods associated with enterprise quality management systems (EQMS) that can be leveraged in improving the organization's framework. Record proven methodologies and approaches with the objective of communicating them for upgrading, refining, and enhancing the organization's systems.
definition: 记录并推广企业质量管理体系（EQMS）中经实践验证的最佳实践与成熟方法，用于优化组织整体框架；系统归档已验证的方法论与实施路径，旨在推动体系升级、精进与强化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.6.6
preferred label: 推广已验证的企业质量管理体系（EQMS）方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Establish and maintain prerequisite programmes (PRPs)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:food-safety
broader: Manage food safety
definition: Establish and maintain the basic hygienic and operational conditions (prerequisite programmes) that keep food safe - personnel hygiene, pest control, cleaning and sanitation, transport and storage hygiene - as the stable operating environment for hazard control.
definition: 建立并维护保障食品安全的基础卫生与操作条件（前提方案），覆盖人员卫生、虫害控制、清洁消毒、运输与仓储卫生等，为危害控制提供稳定的运行环境。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.5.1
preferred label: 建立与维护前提方案（PRP） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct food-safety hazard analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:food-safety
broader: Manage food safety
definition: Identify and assess biological, chemical and physical hazards across materials, processing and distribution, determining the significant hazards - and acceptable levels - that require control measures.
definition: 识别与评估原料、工艺与流通环节中的生物、化学、物理危害，确定需要通过控制措施管理的显著危害及其可接受水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.5.2
preferred label: 开展食品安全危害分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and maintain the hazard control plan (HACCP/OPRP)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:food-safety
broader: Manage food safety
definition: For significant hazards, determine critical control points (CCPs) and operational PRPs, set critical limits, monitoring arrangements and corrective actions, and keep the plan valid through validation and updates.
definition: 针对显著危害确定关键控制点（CCP）与操作性前提方案（OPRP），设定关键限值、监控安排与纠偏措施，并通过确认与更新保持计划持续有效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.5.3
preferred label: 制定并维护危害控制计划（HACCP/OPRP） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform incoming-material and batch inspection
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:food-safety
broader: Manage food safety
definition: Inspect incoming materials and product batches against acceptance criteria, make release decisions, record results, and quarantine, return or concession-disposition nonconforming materials.
definition: 按验收标准对来料与产品批次实施检验与放行判定，记录检验结果，并对不合格来料实施隔离、退回或让步处置。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.5.4
preferred label: 执行来料与批次检验 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage food labelling compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:food-safety
broader: Manage food safety
definition: Ensure prepackaged-food labels meet applicable labelling regulations - ingredient lists, allergens, date marking and nutrition labelling - manage label versions and changes, and re-verify on new products or revisions.
definition: 确保预包装食品标签的配料表、致敏原、日期标示与营养标签等要素符合适用的标签法规要求，管理标签版本与变更，并在开发新品或改版时复核。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.5.5
preferred label: 管理食品标签与标识合规 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.1
broader: Plan for change
definition: Identifying and communicating with shareholders affected by the change. Consider internal and external stakeholders that will be affected by the change. Determine the amount of influence the change will have on them. Ensure the involvement of these stakeholders in the change process by effectively communicating with them.
definition: 识别并沟通受变革影响的利益相关方；兼顾内部与外部相关方；评估变革对其影响程度；通过高效沟通确保其全程深度参与变革进程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.1
preferred label: 识别相关方 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify impacted groups
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.10
broader: Plan for change
definition: Recognizing the impact of threats to critical assets. Determine what groups are impacted by this impact.
definition: 识别关键资产受威胁所产生的影响；明确受影响的群体。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.10
preferred label: 识别受影响群体 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine degree/extent of impact
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.11
broader: Plan for change
definition: Evaluating the impact of threats to critical assets. Determine what assets will be impacted by the change.
definition: 评估关键资产受威胁的影响；明确变革将波及的具体资产。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.11
preferred label: 判定影响程度与范围 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish accountability for change management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.12
broader: Plan for change
definition: Identifying and assigning the people accountable for effective change management. Hold managers accountable for ensuring change happens systematically and rigorously. Ensure that certain behaviors are rewarded or reprimanded accordingly.
definition: 明确对有效变革管理负有直接责任的人员；压实管理者责任，确保变革系统化、规范化推进；对契合变革导向的行为予以激励，对阻碍行为及时纠偏。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.12
preferred label: 明确变更管理责任主体 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify barriers to change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.13
broader: Plan for change
definition: Recognizing the circumstances or obstacles that keep the organization from progressing. Identify who and what are the resources resisting change. Identify integration failures, threats by competitive forces, and complexity failures.
definition: 识别制约组织发展的现实障碍与阻力因素；定位抵制变革的主体与动因；识别集成失败、竞争力量冲击及复杂性失效等根源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.13
preferred label: 识别变更阻力因素 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine change enablers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.14
broader: Plan for change
definition: Identifying the person(s) or thing(s)responsible for making the change possible. Consider factors such as interdependence of efforts, reward to the integrators, sharing of power and responsibility, and employee understanding of why change is essential.
definition: 识别并赋权促成变革落地的关键角色；统筹考量协作依存关系、整合者激励机制、权责共享安排，以及员工对变革必要性的理解程度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.14
preferred label: 识别变更促进因素 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify resources and develop measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.15
broader: Plan for change
definition: Recognizing the resource requirements, and developing measures for change. Identify the financial, material, human, and informational resources needed to successfully implement the change. Develop programs, campaigns, etc. for establishing the change within the organization.
definition: 识别变革所需的各类资源，并制定配套举措；明确财务、物资、人力与信息资源投入需求；设计变革宣贯计划、专项活动等组织落地方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.15
preferred label: 识别所需资源并制定衡量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess readiness for change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.2
broader: Plan for change
definition: Determining the level of preparedness of the conditions, attitudes, and resources at all levels in the organization needed for change to happen successfully. Define scope of the proposed change. Select the tools for a change readiness assessment.
definition: 评估组织各层级在条件、态度与资源方面对变革成功的准备度；界定拟议变革的范围；选定变革准备度评估工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.2
preferred label: 评估组织变更准备度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify change champion(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.3
broader: Plan for change
definition: Identifying people exhibit an extraordinary interest in the adoption, implementation, and success of the change. Engage champions in each division or team. Define the roles and responsibilities for the change champions. Determine criteria for selecting change champions. Provide training sessions to champions. Reward and recognize champions.
definition: 识别对变革采纳、实施与成功抱有高度热情的关键人员；在各部门或团队中遴选变革倡导者；明确其角色与职责；制定倡导者遴选标准；为其提供专项培训；给予表彰与激励。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.3
preferred label: 确定变更倡导者 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Form design team
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.4
broader: Plan for change
definition: Preparing a design team for implementing change throughout the organization.
definition: 组建覆盖全组织的变革实施设计团队。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.4
preferred label: 组建设计团队 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define scope
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.5
broader: Plan for change
definition: Defining the extent of the area or subject matter that the change process deals with or to which it is relevant. Establish a set of tools, processes, skills, and principles for managing the people side of change to achieve the required outcomes of the change process.
definition: 界定变革流程所涉领域或主题范围；建立一套涵盖工具、流程、技能与原则的体系，用以管理变革中的人因要素，确保达成预期变革成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.5
preferred label: 界定变更范围 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand current state
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.6
broader: Plan for change
definition: Using graphical and statistical tools such as pareto diagrams, process flow diagrams, cause-and-effect diagrams, check sheets, histograms, run charts, and scatter diagrams.
definition: 运用帕累托图、流程图、因果图、检查表、直方图、运行图、散点图等图形与统计分析工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.6
preferred label: 梳理现状 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define future state
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.7
broader: Plan for change
definition: Determining the state or position that the organization wants to be in after the implementation of the change. Gather necessary information about the processes, structures, and cultures. Define resource requirements.
definition: 明确变革实施后组织期望达成的目标状态；收集有关流程、组织架构与文化的必要信息；界定资源需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.7
preferred label: 定义未来状态 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct organizational risk analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.8
broader: Plan for change
definition: Looking beyond the immediate consequences of the threat to a critical asset and placing it in the context of what is important to the organization. Identify the impact of threats to critical assets. Create risk evaluation criteria. Evaluate the impact of threats to critical assets. Incorporate probability into the risk analysis.
definition: 超越对关键资产威胁的即时后果，将其置于组织核心价值框架下审视；识别关键资产受威胁的影响；制定风险评估准则；将发生概率纳入风险分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.8
preferred label: 开展组织风险分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess cultural context
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1.9
broader: Plan for change
definition: Evaluating the culture within the organization. Adopt a quantitative, multidimensional measurement approach of an organization's culture and the aspirations for it. Diagnose cultural activities, enhance leadership sections. Integrate cultures.
definition: 评估组织文化现状；采用定量、多维度测量方法评估当前文化及理想文化愿景；诊断文化实践短板，强化领导力模块；推动文化融合。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1.9
preferred label: 评估组织文化背景 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess connection to other initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.1
broader: Design the change
definition: Correlating the change initiative with the other initiatives. Create an alignment between the goals and objectives of the change process and that of the other initiatives.
definition: 统筹协调变革项目与其他战略举措；确保变革目标与组织其他重点工作的目标保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.1
preferred label: 评估变更与其他举措的关联性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop change management plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.2
broader: Design the change
definition: Creating a detailed structure summary for the purposes of managing the change. Demonstrate the reasons for the change. Define the type and scope of change. Form a change management team. Create a communication plan.
definition: 构建结构清晰的变革管理概要框架；阐明变革动因；界定变革类型与范围；组建变革管理团队；制定沟通计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.2
preferred label: 制定变更管理计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop training plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.3
broader: Design the change
definition: Creating a detailed summary of all the actions relevant to teaching a person a particular skill or type of behavior. Determine who will deliver the training. Determine when and where the apprentice or trainee needs to go to receive the structured component of the training.
definition: 编制详尽的培训行动纲要，明确特定技能或行为的传授路径；确定培训实施主体；明确受训人员接受结构化培训的时间、地点与方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.3
preferred label: 制定培训计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop communication plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.4
broader: Design the change
definition: Developing a plan for imparting or exchanging information relevant the to change. Define goals, objectives, and audience. Gather tools for all communications.
definition: 制定变革相关信息传递与共享计划；明确沟通目标、对象与核心内容；统筹配置各类沟通工具与渠道。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.4
preferred label: 制定沟通计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assign change champion(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.5
broader: Design the change
definition: Utilizing champions that have been trained to carry out needed changes. Engage champions to communicate roles and responsibilities for the change.
definition: 启用经培训认证的变革倡导者推动变革落地；由倡导者传达变革相关的角色与职责要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.5
preferred label: 指派变更倡导者 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop rewards/incentives plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.6
broader: Design the change
definition: Creating and designing the plan for rewarding the employees exhibiting the desired behavior. Specify rewards in recognition of service, effort, or achievement regarding the change, including bonuses, compensation, stock options, profit sharing, vacations, and flexible time.
definition: 设计员工行为激励方案，对践行变革期望行为者予以奖励；明确奖励形式，包括绩效奖金、薪酬调整、股票期权、利润分享、带薪休假及弹性工作时间等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.6
preferred label: 制定激励与奖励方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish change adoption measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.7
broader: Design the change
definition: Establishing a system or standard of measurement for measuring the adoption of the change. Consider activities such as the number of people who have adopted the change, how quickly have they adopted, number of unique adopters, and adopters by teams/divisions.
definition: 建立变革采纳成效量化评估体系；关注采纳人数、采纳速度、唯一采纳者数量、按部门／团队划分的采纳者分布等指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.7
preferred label: 建立变更采纳度衡量机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish/Clarify new roles
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.8
broader: Design the change
definition: Establishing and explaining the new roles to employees. Assign roles and responsibilities to resources.
definition: 向员工清晰阐释新岗位职责；为相关人员分配具体角色与任务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.8
preferred label: 确立或厘清新角色职责 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify budget/roles
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2.9
broader: Design the change
definition: Creating a plan of financial outlay for the newly defined roles. Determine the amount of capital the organization is willing to invest in effectuating these new roles, how would the roles be financed, and what would comprise the ROI from these flows. Coordinate personnel responsible for change management and the finance division.
definition: 制定新设岗位的财务投入计划；明确组织愿为新岗位配置的资本规模、融资方式及投资回报构成；协同变革管理负责人与财务部门共同推进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2.9
preferred label: 明确预算与角色配置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create commitment for improvement/change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.3.1
broader: Implement change
definition: Kindling an organization wide commitment for effectuating the change. Effectively communicate the advantages of the desired change. Personalize the pitch for change.
definition: 激发全员对变革的认同与承诺；清晰传达预期变革带来的优势；针对不同受众定制化宣导内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.3.1
preferred label: 制定改进/变更承诺 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Reengineer business processes and systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.3.2
broader: Implement change
definition: Restructuring, redesigning, repurposing, and/or retrofitting existing business processes, activities, and frameworks in order to effectuate the desired change. Review pertinent processes from the ground up by starting with the desired result. (Build on Select a process improvement methodology [11138] to create business processes that perfectly fit with the road map for change.)
definition: 重构、重新设计、调整用途或改造现有业务流程、活动及框架，以推动预期变革落地；以期望结果为起点，自下而上全面审视相关流程；（依托「选择一种流程改进方法论 [11138]」，构建与变革路线图高度契合的业务流程。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.3.2
preferred label: 重构业务流程与系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Support transition to new roles or exit strategies for incumbents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.3.3
broader: Implement change
definition: Supporting the transition of personnel to new roles and the dismissal of any existing employees, necessitated for the desired change. Create an on-boarding process for seamlessly transitioning personnel to new roles. Offer orientation and training. Address any concerns. Create a structured procedure for the discharge of incumbents from their positions.
definition: 支持人员向新岗位平稳过渡，并依变革需要规范开展人员退出工作；建立无缝衔接的入职流程；提供岗前引导与专项培训；及时回应各类疑虑；制定结构化的在岗人员退出机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.3.3
preferred label: 支持岗位转型或在任者退出安排 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.3.4
broader: Implement change
definition: Monitoring activities in the change process in order to assess the performance of individual agents and the process as a whole. Oversee the implementation of activities needed for effectuating the change. Track the pace, impact, enthusiasm, reaction, and feedback over the change process.
definition: 监控变革过程中的各项活动，评估个体执行者及整体流程绩效；督导变革所需各项活动的实施；跟踪变革进程中的推进节奏、影响程度、员工热情度、响应情况及反馈意见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.3.4
preferred label: 监控变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report on change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.3.5
broader: Implement change
definition: Reporting on the outcome of the change. Document changes and the impact those changes had on critical assets. Share findings with those within the target audience: those impacted by the change, change champions, stakeholders, etc.
definition: 汇报变革成果；记录所实施的变更及其对关键资产的影响；面向目标受众（包括受变革影响人员、变革倡导者、利益相关方等）共享分析结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.3.5
preferred label: 报告变更情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor improved process performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.4.1
broader: Sustain improvement
definition: Monitoring the performance of improved business processes. Track the key performance indicators of the upgraded processes in order to gauge its contribution to the desired change. Expedite through the use of business process management software.
definition: 监测优化后业务流程的运行绩效；跟踪升级流程的关键绩效指标（KPI），评估其对预期变革的贡献度；借助业务流程管理（BPM）软件提升监测效率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.4.1
preferred label: 监控优化后流程的绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Capture and reuse lessons learned from change process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.4.2
broader: Sustain improvement
definition: Documenting and standardizing insights gleaned and the knowledge acquired from studying the change process already implemented. Create case studies/best practices guides from the process of implementing change. Include experienced personnel.
definition: 系统化沉淀并标准化变革实施过程中获取的洞见与知识；基于变革实践编制案例集与最佳实践指南；纳入具备实战经验的人员参与编写。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.4.2
preferred label: 沉淀并复用变更过程中的经验教训 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Take corrective action as necessary
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.4.3
broader: Sustain improvement
definition: Implement corrective action to adjust the re-engineered processes for maximizing the desired impact. Adjust business processes and systems to implement the desired change.
definition: 实施纠偏措施，动态调优再造后的业务流程，以最大化预期成效；同步调整业务流程与支撑系统，确保变革意图全面落地。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.4.3
preferred label: 视需采取纠正措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess change readiness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Organizational Change Management
broader: Organizational Change Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Organizational Change Management'.
definition: ITIL「组织变革管理」实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.5.1
preferred label: 评估变革准备度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan organizational changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Organizational Change Management
broader: Organizational Change Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Organizational Change Management'.
definition: ITIL「组织变革管理」实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.5.2
preferred label: 规划组织变革 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage stakeholder engagement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Organizational Change Management
broader: Organizational Change Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Organizational Change Management'.
definition: ITIL「组织变革管理」实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.5.3
preferred label: 管理相关方参与 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop governance model with roles and accountability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.1
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Developing a structure for the governance of the organization's collective knowledge. Gather, maintain, and make accessible the collective knowledge base. Develop a standard procedure for the conservation and perpetuation of the organization's knowledge. Create policies for the usage and maintenance of this knowledge. Establish specialized roles.
definition: 构建组织集体知识治理架构；统筹开展知识的采集、维护与开放共享；制定知识保全与传承的标准规程；明确知识使用与维护政策；设立专业化知识管理角色。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.1
preferred label: 建立含角色与责任的治理模式 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define roles and accountability of core group versus operating units
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.2
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Clearly determining the roles and responsibilities of all personnel involved in the management of the organization's corpus of knowledge. Flesh out the roles and responsibilities of the KM core group, as well as the operational staff involved in the upkeep of the knowledge management program.
definition: 清晰界定所有参与知识管理工作的人员职责；细化知识管理核心团队及日常运维人员的具体角色与责任。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.2
preferred label: 明确核心团队与运营单元的角色与责任划分 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop funding models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.3
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Analyze the organization's current approach to funding. Learn from the funding approaches of peer organizations. Evaluate the revenue potential and costs of those short-list funding models. Select funding models to implement.
definition: 分析组织当前知识管理投入模式；借鉴同业组织的筹资机制；评估候选筹资模式的收益潜力与实施成本；选定并落地适配的筹资方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.3
preferred label: 设计资金投入模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify links to key initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.4
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Identifying any links that exist between the strategy for knowledge management and any other functional areas. Determine any correlations that exist between the strategic road map for the knowledge management and any other functional areas. Study each function's/unit's attributes.
definition: 识别知识管理战略与其他职能领域的关联关系；研判知识管理战略路线图与各职能/业务单元之间的协同点；深入分析各职能/单元的特性与需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.4
preferred label: 识别与关键举措的关联关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop core KM methodologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.5
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Creating core knowledge management procedures and methodologies. Initiate developing a strategy, planning, execution, and improvement.
definition: 构建核心知识管理流程与方法论体系；覆盖战略制定、规划、执行与持续改进全周期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.5
preferred label: 开发核心知识管理方法论 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT needs and engage IT function
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.6
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Determining the IT needs for developing the knowledge management strategy, and collaborating with the IT function to implement the strategy. Assess requirements for technologies such as computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, and telecommunications equipment in order to effectively build and implement the strategy for knowledge management.
definition: 明确知识管理战略落地所需的IT支撑需求，协同信息技术（IT）职能共同实施；评估计算机硬件、软件、电子设备、半导体、互联网及电信设备等技术资源需求，保障知识管理战略高效构建与部署。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.6
preferred label: 评估信息技术（IT）需求并协同IT职能 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop training and communication plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.7
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Creating plans for KM training plans and conveying the knowledge management strategy within the organization. Create training programs, sessions, and activities in order to familiarize employees and management with the concept of knowledge management.
definition: 制定知识管理内部宣贯与培训计划；设计培训课程、专题研讨及互动活动，帮助员工与管理层深入理解知识管理理念与价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.7
preferred label: 制定培训与沟通计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop change management approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.8
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Creating approaches for effectively administering the changes in knowledge management. Design an approach that transforms individuals, teams, and the organization to a desired future state represented by the change.
definition: 构建知识管理变革的有效推行路径；设计覆盖个体、团队及组织层级的转型方案，推动整体迈向知识驱动的未来状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.8
preferred label: 制定变革管理方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop strategic measures and indicators
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1.9
broader: Develop KM strategy
definition: Establishing measures and indicators for evaluating the performance of the knowledge management function. Define key performance indicators such as the amount of knowledge assets created and number of knowledge projects undertaken.
definition: 建立知识管理职能绩效评估指标体系；定义关键绩效指标（KPI），如知识资产新增数量、知识项目启动数量等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1.9
preferred label: 制定战略性衡量指标与监测指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess maturity of existing KM initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.2.1
broader: Assess KM capabilities
definition: Evaluating if initiatives are effective or should be discarded. Design a framework for assessing maturity, typically from Level 1 (undefined), Level 2 (repeatable), Level 3 (defined), and Level 4 (managed) through Level 5 (optimized).
definition: 评估现有举措有效性，决定保留或终止；构建典型成熟度评估框架，通常涵盖第1级（未定义）、第2级（可重复）、第3级（已定义）、第4级（已管理）至第5级（已优化）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.2.1
preferred label: 评估现有知识管理举措的成熟度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate existing KM approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.2.2
broader: Assess KM capabilities
definition: Evaluating existing procedures, policies, and guidelines for knowledge management. Study and examine the organization's approach against industry best practices by benchmarking, competitive analysis, etc.
definition: 评估现行知识管理政策、流程与指南；通过标杆比对、竞品分析等方式，将组织实践与行业最佳实践进行对照分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.2.2
preferred label: 评估现有知识管理方法的有效性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify gaps and needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.2.3
broader: Assess KM capabilities
definition: Assessing the KM approach evaluations in order to identify any gaps or needs. Compare the performance of the KM approach against the desired or expected performance, as well as against the standard knowledge management industry approach.
definition: 基于知识管理方法评估结果，识别能力缺口与改进需求；将实际绩效与预期目标、行业标准知识管理方法进行多维度对标分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.2.3
preferred label: 识别能力差距与需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop new KM approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.3.1
broader: Design and implement KM capabilities
definition: Designing new policies, procedures, and guidelines to support knowledge management.
definition: 制定支撑知识管理的新政策、流程与指南。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.3.1
preferred label: 开发新型知识管理方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design resource model for KM approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.3.2
broader: Design and implement KM capabilities
definition: Creating a model to describe resources and approaches to organization's knowledge management. Establish standards and guidelines to be followed.
definition: 构建组织知识管理资源与方法模型；确立统一遵循的标准与实施指南。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.3.2
preferred label: 设计知识管理方法的资源投入模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement new KM approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.3.3
broader: Design and implement KM capabilities
definition: Implementing new policies, procedures, and guidelines to support knowledge management.
definition: 落地执行支撑知识管理的新政策、流程与指南。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.3.3
preferred label: 实施新型知识管理方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Leverage and enhance IT for KM approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.3.4
broader: Design and implement KM capabilities
definition: Using existing technologies to improve organization's knowledge management processes. Research available third-party offerings. Develop proprietary solutions. Employ knowledge engineers, data scientists and other relevant personnel.
definition: 利用现有技术手段提升知识管理效能；调研第三方成熟解决方案；自主研发定制化工具；配备知识工程师、数据科学家等相关专业人员。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.3.4
preferred label: 依托并增强信息技术（IT）支撑知识管理方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.3.5
broader: Design and implement KM capabilities
definition: Creating metrics that can be used to systematically describe KM approaches and capabilities. Choose applicable scales, benchmarks and units of measure. Determine required precision and error rates.
definition: 构建可量化描述知识管理方法与能力的指标体系；选取适用的量纲、基准值与计量单位；明确所需精度与容许误差范围。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.3.5
preferred label: 制定衡量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Enhance/Modify existing KM approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.4.1
broader: Evolve and sustain KM capabilities
definition: Leveraging KM evaluations and identified gap to enhance existing approaches.
definition: 依托知识管理评估结果与识别的能力缺口，持续优化现有知识管理方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.4.1
preferred label: 优化或调整现有知识管理方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Sustain awareness and engagement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.4.2
broader: Evolve and sustain KM capabilities
definition: Developing awareness about available knowledge bases and promoting their use to maximize their impact.
definition: 提升组织内对现有知识库的认知度，积极推广使用，最大化知识资产价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.4.2
preferred label: 持续提升认知度与参与度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Expand KM infrastructure to meet demand
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.4.3
broader: Evolve and sustain KM capabilities
definition: Augmenting available resources to better leverage the offerings of the organization to serve existing clients and to expand the client base.
definition: 扩充知识管理资源，更好赋能现有客户服务，并拓展新客户群体。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.4.3
preferred label: 扩展知识管理基础设施以满足业务增长需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Capture and share knowledge
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Knowledge Management
broader: Knowledge Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Knowledge Management'.
definition: ITIL「知识管理」实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.5.1
preferred label: 知识的捕获与共享 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain knowledge base
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Knowledge Management
broader: Knowledge Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Knowledge Management'.
definition: ITIL知识管理（Knowledge Management）实践中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.5.2
preferred label: 维护知识库 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Improve knowledge practices
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Knowledge Management
broader: Knowledge Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Knowledge Management'.
definition: ITIL知识管理（Knowledge Management）实践中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.5.3
preferred label: 优化知识管理实践 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish content management objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.1
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Establishing objectives for content management that enhance the organization and accessibility of enterprise content. Objectives can include curation, findability, consistency, user-centric design, lifecycle management, governance and roles, quality assurance, and measurement and evaluation.
definition: 设定提升企业内容组织性与可访问性的内容管理目标，包括策展、可发现性、一致性、以用户为中心的设计、全生命周期管理、治理与角色分工、质量保证，以及度量与评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.1
preferred label: 确立内容管理目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop content management governance model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.2
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Establishing a structured framework with roles and responsibilities to oversee and guide content management practices within an organization to ensure content is managed consistently, remains high-quality, meets the needs of users, and enhances the overall content management strategy.
definition: 构建含明确角色与职责的结构化框架，统筹指导组织内内容管理实践，确保内容管理的一致性、高质量、用户适配性，并强化整体内容管理战略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.2
preferred label: 构建内容管理治理模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop content management funding models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.3
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Defining funding approaches for content management activities, capabilities, and infrastructure to support sustainable operations, investment prioritization, and alignment with organizational objectives.
definition: 明确内容管理活动、能力及基础设施的资金投入方式，以支撑可持续运营、投资优先级排序及与组织目标的对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.3
preferred label: 制定内容管理资金投入模式 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop core content management methodologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.4
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Identifying and implementing content management methodologies to effectively store, deliver, and facilitate access to enterprise content. Core methodologies may include prioritization of critical or high-value content, findability to ensure ease of locating relevant content, content lifecycle management, standardization of content creation, review and access, collaboration, and technology integration.
definition: 识别并实施内容管理方法论，高效实现企业内容的存储、交付与访问支持；核心方法包括：关键或高价值内容优先管理、提升可发现性、内容全生命周期管理、内容创建/评审/访问标准化、协同协作及技术集成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.4
preferred label: 建立核心内容管理方法论 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess content management IT needs and engage IT function
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.5
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Assessing technology requirements for content management and collaborating with the IT function to align systems, integration, security, and support with content management needs. This includes leveraging all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 评估内容管理的技术需求，协同信息技术（IT）职能，确保系统、集成、安全与支持能力与内容管理需求对齐；包括应用人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.5
preferred label: 评估内容管理信息技术（IT）需求并协同IT部门 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop content management training and communication plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.6
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Developing training, change and communication plans to support the organization's content management practices. Define target audiences, required competencies, learning objectives, and delivery methods to ensure consistent understanding and adoption of content standards, tools, and workflows. Create communication strategies to promote awareness of content governance, reinforce expectations, and inform stakeholders of process updates, system changes, and best practices. Coordinate with internal partners to design training materials, schedule learning sessions, and disseminate communications that enable effective and compliant content creation, storage, use, and lifecycle management. Monitor participation, evaluate effectiveness, and continuously improve based on feedback and evolving organizational needs.
definition: 制定培训、变革与沟通计划，支撑组织内容管理实践；明确目标受众、所需胜任力、学习目标与交付方式，确保内容标准、工具与工作流的统一理解与落地；制定沟通策略，提升内容治理认知度、强化各方预期，并及时向利益相关方通报流程更新、系统变更与最佳实践；协同内部伙伴设计培训材料、安排学习活动、发布沟通信息，推动内容创建、存储、使用与全生命周期管理的有效性与合规性；监测参与情况、评估成效，并基于反馈与组织演进需求持续优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.6
preferred label: 制定内容管理培训与沟通计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop strategic measures and indicators for content management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.7
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Defining and implementing performance measures to assess the effectiveness and strategic value of content management practices. Align indicators with organizational goals, governance requirements, and user needs. Specify data sources, measurement methods, and reporting cadences to provide reliable insight into content quality, accessibility, utilization, and lifecycle compliance. Collaborate with stakeholders to validate metric definitions, integrate measures into dashboards, and set expectations for monitoring and improvement. Periodically review and refine measures in response to changing priorities and requirements.
definition: 定义并实施绩效度量指标，评估内容管理实践的有效性与战略价值；指标需与组织目标、治理要求及用户需求对齐；明确数据来源、测量方法与报告周期，为内容质量、可访问性、使用率及生命周期合规性提供可靠洞察；协同利益相关方验证指标定义，将度量纳入仪表盘，并设定监控与改进预期；定期审视并根据优先级与需求变化优化指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.7
preferred label: 设定内容管理战略性度量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage content intelligence and insights
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1.8
broader: Define content management strategy
definition: Monitor and analyze content ecosystem performance to understand search behavior, user intent, knowledge gaps, content effectiveness, and content lifecycle health. Use content usage patterns and derived insights to identify emerging needs, anticipate gaps, recommend updates or new content, and continuously optimize the relevance, quality, and accessibility of the content ecosystem. This includes leveraging all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI)
definition: 监测与分析内容生态绩效，理解搜索行为、用户意图、知识缺口、内容有效性及内容生命周期健康度；基于内容使用模式与衍生洞察，识别新兴需求、预判缺口、推荐内容更新或新增，持续优化内容生态的相关性、质量与可访问性；包括应用人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1.8
preferred label: 管理内容智能与洞察 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine content management requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.2.1
broader: Develop and manage taxonomies
definition: Identifying functional, operational, governance, and compliance requirements that content management practices and solutions must satisfy across the organization.
definition: 识别内容管理实践与解决方案在全组织范围内需满足的功能性、运营性、治理性与合规性要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.2.1
preferred label: 明确内容管理需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define content taxonomies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.2.2
broader: Develop and manage taxonomies
definition: Establishing content metadata structures that function as a common classification language by defining hierarchical categories and attributes used to organize and relate content, ensuring consistency across formats, business areas, and locations and supporting discoverability and semantic enrichment.
definition: 构建内容元数据结构，作为通用分类语言，通过定义层级化类别与属性实现内容组织与关联，确保跨格式、跨业务领域及跨地域的一致性，并支撑可发现性与语义增强。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.2.2
preferred label: 定义内容分类体系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define file naming standards and tagging requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.2.3
broader: Develop and manage taxonomies
definition: Defining standardized conventions for naming, versioning, and tagging digital files and content assets to support consistency, findability, and compliance across the organization. Establish required metadata elements and tagging structures aligned with enterprise taxonomies, information architecture, and regulatory or operational needs.
definition: 制定数字文件与内容资产的命名、版本控制与打标标准化规范，以保障组织内的一致性、可发现性与合规性；明确必需的元数据要素与打标结构，并与企业分类体系、信息架构及监管或运营需求保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.2.3
preferred label: 制定文件命名规范与标签要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define content access controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.3.1
broader: Define content systems of record and storage requirements
definition: Defining rules and permissions that govern who can create, view, modify, and distribute content to protect sensitive information and support appropriate access.
definition: 制定内容创建、查看、修改与分发的权限规则，以保护敏感信息并支持恰当访问控制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.3.1
preferred label: 设定内容访问控制策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop content audit and retention requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.3.2
broader: Define content systems of record and storage requirements
definition: Establishing audit and retention requirements to ensure content is reviewed, retained, archived, or disposed of in accordance with governance, legal, and operational obligations.
definition: 建立审计与留存要求，确保内容按治理、法律及运营义务开展评审、留存、归档或处置。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.3.2
preferred label: 制定内容审计与保留要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Set up and maintain systems of record and storage locations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.4.1
broader: Manage content infrastructure
definition: Establishing and maintaining content repositories and systems of record to support secure storage, organization, access, and lifecycle management.
definition: 建设并维护内容知识库与权威数据源，支撑内容的安全存储、组织、访问与全生命周期管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.4.1
preferred label: 部署并维护权威系统与存储位置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement and execute content administration responsibilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.4.2
broader: Manage content infrastructure
definition: Executing administrative activities required to manage content systems, permissions, structures, and configurations in accordance with defined standards and governance.
definition: 执行内容系统管理所需的行政活动，包括权限、结构与配置管理，严格遵循既定标准与治理要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.4.2
preferred label: 落实并执行内容管理职责 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Audit content compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.4.3
broader: Manage content infrastructure
definition: Overseeing activities to verify that content complies with established standards, policies, and requirements across its lifecycle.
definition: 监督内容在其全生命周期中对既定标准、政策与要求的符合性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.4.3
preferred label: 开展内容合规性审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan content audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.4.4
broader: Manage content infrastructure
definition: Planning content audits by defining scope, criteria, timing, and responsibilities to assess compliance and effectiveness of content management practices.
definition: 规划内容审计，明确范围、标准、时间安排与责任分工，以评估内容管理实践的合规性与有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.4.4
preferred label: 规划内容审计工作 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform content audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.4.5
broader: Manage content infrastructure
definition: Conducting reviews of content to evaluate compliance with defined standards, controls, and retention requirements. Includes auditing for semantic accuracy, metadata completeness, and AI-readiness. Consider leveraging all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 开展内容审查，评估其对既定标准、管控措施与留存要求的符合性；包括语义准确性、元数据完整性及AI就绪度审计；可借助人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.4.5
preferred label: 执行内容审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Track content non-compliance resolution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.4.6
broader: Manage content infrastructure
definition: Tracking identified content non-compliance issues and monitoring corrective actions to ensure timely resolution and adherence to content standards.
definition: 跟踪已识别的内容不合规问题，并监控整改行动，确保及时闭环与标准遵从。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.4.6
preferred label: 跟踪内容不合规项整改情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify new and existing content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.1
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Identifying content needs and existing content assets to support reuse, updates, and alignment with organizational requirements.
definition: 识别内容需求与现有内容资产，以支持复用、更新及与组织要求的对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.1
preferred label: 识别新增及存量内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify content control requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.2
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Identifying control requirements for content, including review, approval, access, and compliance needs across the content lifecycle.
definition: 识别内容全生命周期内的管控要求，包括评审、审批、访问与合规需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.2
preferred label: 识别内容管控要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare created content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.3
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Preparing newly created content for use by applying required standards, structure, and controls prior to review and approval.
definition: 对新创建内容应用必要标准、结构与管控措施，完成前置准备后进入评审与审批环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.3
preferred label: 完成原创内容编制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare acquired content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.4
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Preparing externally sourced or acquired content for organizational use by validating quality, applying standards, and aligning it with governance requirements.
definition: 对外部引入或采购的内容进行质量验证，应用组织标准并对其治理要求进行对齐，以适配组织使用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.4
preferred label: 完成采购内容整合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Refine content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.5
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Refining content to improve clarity, accuracy, consistency, and quality for its existing intended purpose and audience. This includes leveraging all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 优化内容以提升其清晰度、准确性、一致性与质量，适配既有目标用途与受众；包括应用人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.5
preferred label: 优化内容质量 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Enhance and adapt content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.6
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Enhancing and adapting content to support new or different audiences, formats, channels, or contexts while preserving core meaning and intent of the original content. This includes leveraging all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 增强与适配内容以支持新受众、新格式、新渠道或新场景，同时保留原始内容的核心含义与意图；包括应用人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.6
preferred label: 增强并适配内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform content branding
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.7
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Applying branding elements and standards to content to ensure consistent identity, presentation, and alignment with organizational guidelines.
definition: 为内容应用品牌元素与标准，确保身份统一、呈现一致，并符合组织指南。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.7
preferred label: 实施内容品牌化 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute technical edits on content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5.8
broader: Develop and manage content
definition: Performing technical edits to ensure content meets formatting, accessibility, usability, and technical quality requirements. This includes leveraging all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 开展技术编辑，确保内容满足格式、可访问性、可用性与技术质量要求；包括应用人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5.8
preferred label: 执行内容技术性编辑 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess and approve content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.6.1
broader: Deliver approved content
definition: Reviewing content to confirm accuracy, quality, compliance, and readiness prior to approval for distribution or use.
definition: 审核内容，确认其准确性、质量、合规性及发布就绪状态，方可批准分发或使用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.6.1
preferred label: 评估与审批内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Publish approved content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.6.2
broader: Deliver approved content
definition: Publishing approved content to designated locations or channels to make it available to intended users.
definition: 将已批准内容发布至指定位置或渠道，供目标用户使用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.6.2
preferred label: 发布已审批内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Store approved content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.6.3
broader: Deliver approved content
definition: Storing approved content in designated repositories to support controlled access, retrieval, and lifecycle management.
definition: 将已批准内容存入指定知识库，以支持受控访问、检索与全生命周期管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.6.3
preferred label: 归档已审批内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.7.1
broader: Control delivered content
definition: Evaluating content usage, effectiveness, and relevance to inform updates, improvements, or retirement decisions.
definition: 评估内容的使用情况、有效性及与业务目标的相关性，以支撑内容更新、优化或下线决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.7.1
preferred label: 评估内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Archive content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.7.2
broader: Control delivered content
definition: Archiving content that is no longer actively used but must be retained to meet governance, legal, or historical requirements.
definition: 归档不再活跃使用但须依据治理、法律或历史要求予以保留的内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.7.2
preferred label: 归档内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Delete content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.7.3
broader: Control delivered content
definition: Deleting content that has reached the end of its retention period and is no longer required, in accordance with defined policies and controls.
definition: 依据既定政策与管控要求，在内容达到保留期限且无继续留存必要时予以删除。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.7.3
preferred label: 删除内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define enterprise measurement models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.1.1
broader: Define and manage organizational performance strategy
definition: Developing a model for organization's management systems. Develop a high-level measurement system to track performance across the enterprise or in specific functions or business units. Determine which processes to measure, which measures to use, how often to measure, and measurement targets. Review strategic decisions about how to best measure an organization.
definition: 构建组织管理体系的度量模型：设计高层级度量体系，用于跟踪企业整体或特定职能/业务单元的绩效；明确需度量的流程、选用的指标、度量频次及目标值；复审关于组织最优度量方式的战略决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.1.1
preferred label: 定义企业度量模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain enterprise measurement models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.1.2
broader: Define and manage organizational performance strategy
definition: Reviewing, evaluating, and updating enterprise measurement models. Align measurement models to current and future goals and performance targets, and make adjustments to support visibility and reporting needs across the organization.
definition: 评审、评估并更新企业级度量模型：使模型与当前及未来战略目标、绩效目标保持一致，并调整以满足全组织范围内的可视性与报告需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.1.2
preferred label: 维护企业度量模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct performance assessments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.2.1
broader: Benchmark performance
definition: Measuring, researching, and recording the performance of people, processes, mechanisms, or other areas of the business that the organization wants to benchmark or track.
definition: 对人员、流程、机制或其他组织关注领域开展绩效度量、调研与记录，以支持基准比对或持续跟踪。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.2.1
preferred label: 开展绩效评估 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop benchmarking capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.2.2
broader: Benchmark performance
definition: Improving an organization's ability to compare its performance internally or externally, and maintaining benchmarking relationships with other organizations. Train staff in benchmarking. Develop technological solutions or other materials to aid benchmarking efforts. Consult with external entities to gain knowledge or tools to help benchmark.
definition: 提升组织内外部绩效比对能力，维系与其他组织的基准比对合作关系；开展基准比对培训；开发技术解决方案或辅助材料以支持比对工作；联合外部机构获取知识或工具以增强比对能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.2.2
preferred label: 构建对标能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct internal and external benchmarking
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.2.3
broader: Benchmark performance
definition: Benchmarking internal processes and against external competitors.
definition: 开展内部流程基准比对，并与外部竞争对手对标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.2.3
preferred label: 开展内外部对标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct gap analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.2.4
broader: Benchmark performance
definition: Examining performance against benchmarked organizations or entities. Determine how much performance needs to change to meet expectations. Reach strategic goals.
definition: 对照标杆组织或实体评估绩效表现；识别绩效差距，明确为达成预期需改进的程度；支撑战略目标实现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.2.4
preferred label: 开展差距分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish need for change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.2.5
broader: Benchmark performance
definition: Establishing a need for changing the performance of the organization. Make use of the gap analysis results in order to define the need for change.
definition: 识别组织绩效改进需求，基于差距分析结果界定变革必要性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.2.5
preferred label: 识别变革需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish performance indicators (measures)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.1
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Designing key measures that analyze and interpret how effectively the business is achieving its objectives.
definition: 设计关键绩效指标（KPI），用以分析和解读业务目标达成的有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.1
preferred label: 建立绩效指标（度量项） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish monitoring frequency
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.2
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Deciding on the appropriate amount of supervisions that are needed to effectively assess the performance of business plans.
definition: 确定有效评估业务计划执行绩效所需的监督频次与强度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.2
preferred label: 确定监测频率 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Collect performance data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.3
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Consolidating acquired metrics and trends. Provide data that can be benchmarked against historical data.
definition: 整合采集的度量指标与趋势数据，提供可与历史数据进行比对的基准数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.3
preferred label: 采集绩效数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Calculate performance measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.4
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Measuring the performance of process planning. Quantify the performance, record results of the performance tests, and report them to the appropriate authority.
definition: 度量流程规划绩效：量化绩效表现，记录测试结果，并向相关责任主体报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.4
preferred label: 计算绩效度量值 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify performance trends
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.5
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Recognizing the trends in performance. Carefully and strategically assess the results in order to effectively spot the trends.
definition: 识别绩效趋势：系统、战略性地评估结果，精准识别发展趋势。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.5
preferred label: 识别绩效趋势 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.6
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Evaluating the gaps between achieved and benchmarked performance. Analyze how performance differs from the optimal or expected performance.
definition: 评估实际绩效与标杆绩效之间的差距，分析绩效偏离最优或预期水平的程度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.6
preferred label: 分析绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare performance reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.7
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Creating reports that systematically record and represent the performance planning. Construct a detailed report specifying the performance, and include indicators such as the performance gaps, performance trends, and analysis.
definition: 编制结构化绩效规划报告：详细呈现绩效表现，并包含绩效差距、绩效趋势及分析结论等关键指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.7
preferred label: 编制绩效报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop performance improvement plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3.8
broader: Evaluate performance
definition: Using performance indicators to report, analyze, and create a detailed performance improvement plan to bridge the performance gaps.
definition: 运用绩效指标开展报告、分析，并制定详尽的绩效改进计划，以弥合绩效差距。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3.8
preferred label: 制定绩效改进计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define KPI frameworks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Measurement and Reporting
broader: Measurement and Reporting
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Measurement and Reporting'.
definition: ITIL 度量与报告实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.4.1
preferred label: 定义KPI框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Collect and analyze metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Measurement and Reporting
broader: Measurement and Reporting
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Measurement and Reporting'.
definition: ITIL 度量与报告实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.4.2
preferred label: 采集并分析指标数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Generate management reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Measurement and Reporting
broader: Measurement and Reporting
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Measurement and Reporting'.
definition: ITIL 度量与报告实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.4.3
preferred label: 生成管理报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify needs from stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.1
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Gathering information from stakeholders prior to conducting analytics.
definition: 开展分析前，面向相关方收集需求与背景信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.1
preferred label: 识别干系人需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Report on analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.10
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Summarizing and documenting the results of data analysis. Create graphs and visualizations to illustrate numerical findings to make them more accessible to readers.
definition: 汇总并文档化数据分析结果；制作图表与可视化呈现，提升数值发现的可读性与可理解性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.10
preferred label: 输出分析报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Identify remedial actions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.11
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Determining the steps that need to be taken to correct the shortcomings.
definition: 明确弥补现存短板所需采取的具体改进步骤。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.11
preferred label: 识别整改行动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Scope analytics project
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.2
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Determining the size and scale of the project based upon the collected information and analytics.
definition: 基于所收集信息与分析需求，确定项目规模与实施范围。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.2
preferred label: 界定分析项目范围 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage hypotheses
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.3
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Creating theories that explain empirical data. Use the hypotheses to guide feature selection in the process of data collection.
definition: 构建解释实证数据的理论假设，并以此指导数据采集过程中的特征选择。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.3
preferred label: 构建并管理分析假设 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Collect data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.4
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Gathering and harvesting structured and unstructured data from disparate sources. Clean and pre-process data. Remove duplicates. Convert to a uniform format to make records comparable.
definition: 从异构来源采集与汇聚结构化及非结构化数据；清洗与预处理数据；剔除重复记录；统一数据格式以确保可比性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.4
preferred label: 采集数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Prepare data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.5
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Creation and validation of data in order to initiate the process of analysis.
definition: 完成数据创建与验证，启动分析流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.5
preferred label: 准备数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Analyze data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.6
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Conducting data analysis. Choose statistical algorithms that best reveal patterns and trends in the data. Compare with hypotheses and time series forecasts. Determine error rates and significant outliers.
definition: 开展数据分析：选用最能揭示数据模式与趋势的统计算法；对照假设与时间序列预测结果；识别误差率与显著异常值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.6
preferred label: 分析数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create data models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.7
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Creation of conceptual and physical data models as an outline for data structure and storage.
definition: 构建概念模型与物理数据模型，作为数据结构与存储的设计蓝图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.7
preferred label: 构建数据模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Review data models with stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.8
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Confirm data models represent the hypothesis supporting the original research question
definition: 确认数据模型能够有效支撑原始研究问题所对应的假设。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.8
preferred label: 与干系人评审数据模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Refine data models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8.9
broader: Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
definition: Make required changes to data model based upon review with stakeholders.
definition: 根据与相关方的评审意见，对数据模型进行必要修订。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8.9
preferred label: 优化数据模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Evaluate environmental impact of products, services, and operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.1.1
broader: Determine environmental health and safety impacts
definition: Evaluating the impact of offerings and the auxiliary operations required to process them on the immediate ecosystem and the environment at large. Study the lifecycle of the products/services offered by the organization. Estimate any affect on the environment through metrics such as a calculation of carbon footprint.
definition: 评估产品和服务及其配套运营活动对直接生态环境及整体环境的影响；研究组织所提供产品/服务的全生命周期；通过碳足迹测算等指标估算环境影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.1.1
preferred label: 评估产品、服务及运营的环境影响 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct health and safety and environmental audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.1.2
broader: Determine environmental health and safety impacts
definition: Conducting an inspection to verify that the organization adequately complies with the environmental, health, and safety standards. Audit procedures and records regarding responsibility for the environment, health, and safety.
definition: 开展检查，验证组织是否充分符合环境、健康与安全（EHS）标准；审计有关环境、健康与安全责任的流程和记录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.1.2
preferred label: 开展健康安全与环境审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify regulatory and stakeholder requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.2.1
broader: Develop EHS program
definition: Determining any protocols or standards to comply with, set by regulatory agencies or the organization's stakeholders. Closely examine all standards and matters of compliance relating to the environment, health, and safety.
definition: 明确监管机构或组织利益相关方所规定的合规协议或标准；全面审查与环境、健康及安全相关的所有标准与合规事项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.2.1
preferred label: 识别法规与利益相关方要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess future risks and opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.2.2
broader: Develop EHS program
definition: Evaluating any risks and opportunities that might affect the environmental, health, and safety of products/services. Leverage techniques such as cost-benefit analysis, trend extrapolation, systems analysis, social surveys, historical surveys, historical analogy, Delphi, conferences, workshops, briefings, hearings, advisory committees, moot courts, artistic judgment, on-site field investigation, scaling techniques, and scenario creation.
definition: 评估可能影响产品/服务环境、健康与安全的风险与机遇；运用成本效益分析、趋势外推、系统分析、社会调查、历史调查、历史类比、德尔菲法、研讨会、简报会、听证会、咨询委员会、模拟法庭、专家判断、实地勘察、标度法、情景构建等技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.2.2
preferred label: 评估未来风险与机遇 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create EHS policy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.2.3
broader: Develop EHS program
definition: Creating a plan for managing the environmental, health, and safety impact of products/services. Establish minimum requirements for the organization regarding the environment at large and the health and safety of employees. Develop policies, written procedures, and supporting tools to dictate how the organization will meet policy requirements.
definition: 制定管理产品/服务环境、健康与安全影响的计划；确立组织在宏观环境及员工健康与安全方面的最低要求；制定政策、书面程序及配套工具，明确组织落实政策要求的具体方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.2.3
preferred label: 制定环境、健康与安全（EHS）政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Record and manage EHS events
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.2.4
broader: Develop EHS program
definition: Recording and managing all events and activities associated with complying with environmental, health and safety standards. Create event calendars. Assign funds. Educate employees. Conduct events.
definition: 记录并管理所有与环境、健康与安全（EHS）标准合规相关的事件与活动；编制事件日历；分配资金；开展员工培训；组织实施相关活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.2.4
preferred label: 记录并管理环境、健康与安全（EHS）事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage EHS costs and benefits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.3.1
broader: Monitor and manage EHS program
definition: Administering the costs and benefits of EHS management program. Evaluate program costs to ensure that the benefits of the program always outweigh its costs.
definition: 统筹管理EHS管理项目的成本与收益；评估项目投入，确保其收益始终高于成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.3.1
preferred label: 管理环境、健康与安全（EHS）成本与收益 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure and report EHS performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.3.2
broader: Monitor and manage EHS program
definition: Using performance techniques and indicators. Utilize number of audits or inspections performed, safety committee meetings, the number and types of findings and observations, timely preventive maintenance tasks performed, etc.
definition: 应用绩效技术与指标，例如：已完成的审核或检查次数、安全委员会会议次数、发现项与观察项的数量及类型、按时完成的预防性维护任务数量等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.3.2
preferred label: 衡量并报告环境、健康与安全（EHS）绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement emergency response program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.3.3
broader: Monitor and manage EHS program
definition: Implementing a program for organizing, coordinating, and directing available resources to respond to the event. Conduct a risk assessment to identify potential emergency scenarios in order to create a program that ensures that resources are on hand--or quickly available--in case of emergencies.
definition: 实施应急响应资源统筹计划，即组织、协调与调度可用资源以应对突发事件；开展风险评估，识别潜在紧急场景，确保应急资源可即时调用或快速到位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.3.3
preferred label: 实施应急响应计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement pollution prevention program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.3.4
broader: Monitor and manage EHS program
definition: Implementing a program that reduces or eliminates the creation of pollutants through increased efficiency in the use of raw materials, energy, water, or other resources. Implement a program to inspect facilities that store, manufacture, or use hazardous, toxic, or polluting materials.
definition: 实施污染预防计划，通过提升原材料、能源、水资源及其他资源利用效率，减少或消除污染物产生；实施针对储存、制造或使用危险、有毒或污染性物料场所的巡检计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.3.4
preferred label: 实施污染预防计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Train and educate functional employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.3.5
broader: Monitor and manage EHS program
definition: Conducting programs such as on-the-job training sessions, group training workshops, and online training.
definition: 开展在岗培训、小组工作坊、在线培训等形式的培训项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.3.5
preferred label: 对职能员工开展环境、健康与安全（EHS）培训与教育 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide EHS support
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.3.6
broader: Monitor and manage EHS program
definition: Supporting employees in light of the organization's environmental, health, and safety policies and standards. Provide medical insurance, maternity leave, environmental education, training over safety, etc.
definition: 依据组织环境、健康与安全（EHS）政策与标准为员工提供支持，包括医疗保险、产假、环境教育、安全培训等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.3.6
preferred label: 提供环境、健康与安全（EHS）支持 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate performance of existing products/services against market opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.1.1
broader: Manage product and service portfolio
definition: Assessing the capabilities and performance of existing products/services, in light of market opportunities. Examine performance of the existing line of products/services, including measures of profitability, penetration, and value delivered. Identify gaps between existing solutions' portfolio or their performance levels, on the one hand, and the current market demand, available technologies, and/or customer expectations, on the other. Consider opportunities in the present market environment and any relation with the performance. Consider input from professional services providers.
definition: 结合市场机遇，评估现有产品/服务的能力与绩效；考察产品/服务线的整体表现，包括盈利能力、市场渗透率及交付价值等维度；识别现有解决方案组合或其绩效水平与当前市场需求、可用技术及客户期望之间的差距；研判当前市场环境中的机会及其与绩效表现的关联性；参考专业服务提供商的意见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.1.1
preferred label: 对照市场机会评估现有产品/服务绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Confirm alignment of product/service concepts with business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.1.2
broader: Manage product and service portfolio
definition: Checking the alignment of product/service portfolio, and its individual offerings, with the organization's overall strategy and planning for the development of new or revised solutions. Conduct reality checks on new product/service concepts prior to committing significant investment to ensure that the revamped solutions' portfolio is in line with the overall business strategy, aligns organizational processes for their development, and creates a plan for assimilating these changes in the organization's offerings. Enlist senior management executives.
definition: 检查产品/服务组合及其各单项产品/服务项目与组织整体战略及新解决方案或修订解决方案开发规划的一致性。在投入重大资金前，对新产品/服务概念开展可行性验证，确保重构后的解决方案组合符合整体业务战略、协同组织内相关开发流程，并制定将这些变更融入组织现有产品/服务项目的实施计划。邀请高管参与。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.1.2
preferred label: 确认产品/服务概念与业务战略的一致性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Prioritize and select new product/service concepts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.1.3
broader: Manage product and service portfolio
definition: Selecting from among the potential new/revised solutions and capitalizing on market opportunities so that they meet the cost and quality prerequisites. Create an index of product/service concepts, and arrange them in order of preference. Base prioritization on adherence to Plan and develop cost and quality targets [10073], and choose options that would comprise the revised solution portfolio.
definition: 从潜在的新/修订解决方案中遴选最优选项，把握市场机遇，确保其满足成本与质量前提要求。建立产品/服务概念索引，并按优先级排序；优先级设定依据为对「制定并开发成本与质量目标 [10073]」的遵循程度，最终选定构成修订后解决方案组合的具体选项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.1.3
preferred label: 优先排序并遴选新产品/服务概念 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan and develop cost and quality targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.1.4
broader: Manage product and service portfolio
definition: Setting prerequisites for the cost of development and quality standards for the new solutions' portfolio and/or its individual offerings. Set targets for the budget and quality standards for the revamped portfolio of solution offerings. Prepare a plan for the outlay required for revising and adding new product/services. Identify intended levels of quality for these, bearing in mind the existing standards of solutions offered by the organization and its competitors. Enlist senior management executives, particularly those responsible for finance and budgeting, product/service design, manufacturing/processing, delivery, and quality control.
definition: 明确新解决方案组合及/或其各单项产品/服务项目的开发成本前提与质量标准。为重构后的解决方案产品/服务组合设定预算目标与质量标准目标。编制修订及新增产品/服务所需支出的计划。结合组织自身及竞争对手现行解决方案的质量标准，确定拟交付产品/服务的质量预期水平。邀请高管参与，尤其包括财务与预算、产品/服务设计、制造/加工、交付及质量控制等职能领域的负责人。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.1.4
preferred label: 制定成本与质量目标计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Specify development timing targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.1.5
broader: Manage product and service portfolio
definition: Determining the individual and collective timeframe for realizing new/revised solutions. Create a schedule that clearly demarcates the timeframes designated for the development of every new solution and/or revising each of the existing ones. Create a timetable by setting deadlines for each step in overhauling the product/service portfolio.
definition: 确定新/修订解决方案的个体及整体实现时限。制定清晰的时间表，明确每项新解决方案开发或现有方案修订的各阶段时间节点；通过为产品/服务组合重构全过程中的每个步骤设定截止日期，形成完整实施日程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.1.5
preferred label: 明确产品/服务开发时间节点目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan for product/service offering modifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.1.6
broader: Manage product and service portfolio
definition: Developing a programmatic procedure for changing products/services while paying heed to all stakeholders involved and the prerequisites identified. Create a plan for changing the existing portfolio of solution offerings. Develop a systematic program for the design, processing, and delivery of the new product/service concepts. Construct project-flow diagrams. Identify the stakeholders involved and personnel responsible for each stage, as well as the necessary decisions. Earmark the budgetary outlay, and conduct any strategic planning required.
definition: 构建系统化的产品/服务变更程序，兼顾所有相关方及已识别的前提要求。制定现有解决方案组合的变更计划；开发涵盖设计、加工与交付环节的新产品/服务概念系统化实施方案；绘制项目流程图；明确各阶段涉及的相关方与责任人，以及所需的关键决策点；划定预算投入，并开展必要的战略规划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.1.6
preferred label: 规划产品/服务供给的优化调整 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop plan for new product/service development and introduction/launch
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.1
broader: Manage product and service life cycle
definition: Developing a program and managing a perspective for new product/service introduction and launch.
definition: 制定并管理新产品/服务的引入与上市策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.1
preferred label: 制定新产品/服务开发及上市/发布计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Introduce new products/services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.2
broader: Manage product and service life cycle
definition: Launching revamped product/service portfolio in to the market. Introduction in to the marketplace is done by deploying effective channels for marketing, sales, delivery, and after-sales servicing. Introduce new/revised solution offerings in a concerted effort. Coordinate a cross-functional effort.
definition: 将重构后的产品/服务组合推向市场。通过高效整合营销、销售、交付及售后服务渠道实现上市；以跨职能协同方式统一推进新/修订解决方案的发布。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.2
preferred label: 推出新产品/服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Retire outdated products/services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.3
broader: Manage product and service life cycle
definition: Removing nonconforming products and services. Withdraw those products/services that do not conform to market realities and are not positioned to take advantage of prevailing opportunities. Coordinate with processing/delivery teams within the organization and key stakeholders in the supply chain. Create mechanisms for continued after-sales servicing, as well as deploy effective public relations efforts in order to preserve the image and goodwill of the organization through the process.
definition: 淘汰不合规产品和服务。下架不符合市场实际、无法把握当前机遇的产品/服务；协同组织内部加工/交付团队及供应链关键相关方；建立持续性售后服务机制，并开展有效公关活动，维护组织形象与声誉。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.3
preferred label: 淘汰过时产品/服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify and refine performance indicators
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.4
broader: Manage product and service life cycle
definition: Attuning the performance measures of products/services to better reflect the revamped portfolio of solution offerings. Revise the parameters used to measure performance, apropos the organization's product/service offerings. (Modify these standards in consideration of the changes made to the portfolio by Introduce new products/services [10077] and Retire outdated products/services [10078].)
definition: 调优产品/服务绩效指标，使其更准确反映重构后的解决方案组合。依据组织产品/服务组合的实际变化，修订绩效衡量参数（需结合「引入新产品/服务 [10077]」与「淘汰过时产品/服务 [10078]」所引发的组合调整进行动态更新）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.4
preferred label: 识别并优化绩效指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Carry out post launch analytics to test the acceptability in the market
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5.1
broader: Conduct post launch review
definition: Measuring the performance of marketing once the product/services are launched. This broadly covers measuring user engagement and product's/service's performance in the market.
definition: 产品/服务上市后评估营销成效，涵盖用户参与度及产品/服务在市场中的整体表现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5.1
preferred label: 开展上市后分析以验证市场接受度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Review market performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5.2
broader: Conduct post launch review
definition: Conducting customer and market analysis to review progress and identify opportunities for increasing market position. Track and review product/service response through sales reports, website statistics, direct response from customers, and survey reports.
definition: 开展客户与市场分析，跟踪进展并识别提升市场地位的机会。通过销售报告、网站统计、客户直接反馈及调研报告等多渠道追踪和评估产品/服务市场响应。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5.2
preferred label: 评估市场表现 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Review effectiveness of supply chain and distribution network
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5.3
broader: Conduct post launch review
definition: Determining the performance of supply chain to all departments and logistics from input to shop floor. Seeking performance reviews at each intersection and communication channels. Review effectiveness of supply chain and distribution to check if it is meeting the demands of the various groups and organizations that are concerned with its activities (groups might include customers, partners, suppliers, and vendors).
definition: 评估供应链在各部门及物流环节（从输入至车间）的整体绩效。在各节点及沟通渠道开展绩效审查；检视供应链与分销体系的有效性，确认其是否满足客户、合作伙伴、供应商及厂商等各方关切需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5.3
preferred label: 评估供应链与分销网络效能 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Apply data and analytics to review supply chain methodologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5.4
broader: Conduct post launch review
definition: Collecting and examining raw data with the purpose of drawing conclusions about that information and correlate gaps and efficiencies to the existing supply chain channels. Apply the information to make better business decisions to the related supply chain methodologies to meet efficiency.
definition: 采集并分析原始数据，从中得出结论，识别现有供应链渠道中的缺口与效率瓶颈；将分析结果应用于优化相关供应链方法论，提升运营效率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5.4
preferred label: 应用数据与分析方法评估供应链运作模式 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Review quality and performance of the product/service
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5.5
broader: Conduct post launch review
definition: Identifying the quality and performance of the product/service delivered to customers. Analyze data from the customer feedback, audits, measures of customer satisfaction (such as product quality complaints and recalls), and organizational policies on delivery.
definition: 评估交付给客户的最终产品/服务质量与性能。综合客户反馈、审计结果、客户满意度指标（如产品质量投诉、召回事件）及组织交付政策开展分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5.5
preferred label: 评审产品/服务的质量与性能 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Conduct financial review
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5.6
broader: Conduct post launch review
definition: Evaluating organization's financial reports and financial reporting processes. Review and document the ROI catered by the product/service delivery to the customer in the market.
definition: 评估组织财务报表及财务报告流程，审核并记录产品/服务在市场交付过程中所产生的投资回报率（ROI）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5.6
preferred label: 开展财务评审 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Conduct new product development process assessment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5.7
broader: Conduct post launch review
definition: Analyzing the steps involved in the development of new product, its effect on existing product, resources, and functions related to the development of the new product until its sale in the competitive market place.
definition: 分析新产品开发全流程及其对现有产品、资源及关联职能的影响，直至其在竞争市场完成销售。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5.7
preferred label: 开展新产品开发流程评估 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Conduct mandatory and elective reviews
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.1
broader: Manage patents, copyrights, and regulatory requirements
definition: Conducting necessary performance reviews on enforcement of processes and steps to ensure protection. Determine policies and reviews for Manage patents, copyrights, and regulatory requirements [19985].
definition: 开展必要绩效审查，确保知识产权保护流程与措施有效执行；制定并落实「管理专利、版权及监管要求 [19985]」相关政策与审查机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.1
preferred label: 开展强制性与自主性审查 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Review infringement of patents and copyrights
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.2
broader: Manage patents, copyrights, and regulatory requirements
definition: Reviewing activities in regards to patentability and infringement. The usage of Open Source in commercial product development will be reviewed in regard to licensing, community development, etc.
definition: 审查专利性与侵权风险；针对商业产品开发中开源软件（Open Source）的使用，开展许可证合规性、社区协作等方面的专项评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.2
preferred label: 审查专利与版权侵权风险 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine patent and copyright needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.3
broader: Manage patents, copyrights, and regulatory requirements
definition: Determining the business need for patents and copyrights. The patents and copyrights are managed by Manage copyrights and patents [11062].
definition: 研判专利与版权的业务必要性；相关管理工作由「管理版权与专利 [11062]」承接。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.3
preferred label: 确定专利与版权需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define product technical documentation management requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.4
broader: Manage patents, copyrights, and regulatory requirements
definition: Defining sourcing and procurement requirements for new product technical documentation management. Make sourcing-based decisions that identify the capabilities that will be required in order to launch the new product. This documentation will be used to support the product following entry into service. It is compiled and managed in Manage product and process related data [12082], but the capability to manage and maintain this documentation must be defined and established.
definition: 定义新产品技术文档管理的寻源与采购需求。基于寻源决策，识别新产品上市所需具备的能力。该技术文档将在产品投入运行后持续用于支持产品全生命周期。其编制与管理归属「管理产品与工艺相关数据（12082）」流程，但须明确定义并建立文档管理与维护能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.4
preferred label: 定义产品技术文档管理要求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Train employees on appropriate regulatory requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.5.1
broader: Manage regulatory requirements
definition: Conducting training and impart learning to existing and new employees. Training will relate to the most recent/enforced regulations of the business to meet Manage regulatory requirements [12771].
definition: 面向新老员工开展培训与知识传递，内容覆盖最新施行的业务监管要求，以支撑「管理监管要求 [12771]」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.5.1
preferred label: 面向员工开展相关监管要求培训 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Maintain records for regulatory agencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.5.2
broader: Manage regulatory requirements
definition: Identifying steps and procedures to manage and regularly update the records for regulatory agencies. Updates will be made to safety procedures, identity and access management, software tools and applications, internal accessibility policies, internal quality parameters, etc.
definition: 识别并规范监管机构记录的管理步骤与定期更新流程；更新范围包括安全规程、身份与访问管理、软件工具与应用、内部无障碍政策、内部质量参数等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.5.2
preferred label: 维护监管机构所需记录 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage regulatory submission life cycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.5.3
broader: Manage regulatory requirements
definition: Determine and follow the timely input and update of regulatory information by assessing reforms, regulatory policies, and guidelines.
definition: 通过评估改革动向、监管政策及指南，及时开展监管信息的录入与更新。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.5.3
preferred label: 管理监管申报全生命周期 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage materials master lists
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.1
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Controlling the details of materials' storage and utilization, supplier details linked to materials, in a defined sequential manner and ensuring regular updates with permissible accessibility.
definition: 按既定顺序管控物料存储与使用细节，以及关联供应商信息，并确保信息定期更新且权限内可访问。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.1
preferred label: 管理物料主数据清单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Review and approve data access requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.10
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Determining the requests pertaining to data accessibility. Review the requester details based on internal data security policies and permit data access only if internal policies and data access parameters are met.
definition: 审核数据访问请求；依据内部数据安全政策核查申请人信息，仅当符合内部政策及数据访问参数时，方可授予访问权限。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.10
preferred label: 审核并批准数据访问申请 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage bills of material
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.2
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Managing the purchase details/bills through regular and error free updates to applications. Create manual entries wherever necessary and ensure timely review of the laid processes and systems.
definition: 通过应用程序实现采购明细/账单的定期、无误更新；确需人工录入时及时操作，并定期审查既有流程与系统。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.2
preferred label: 管理物料清单（BOM） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage routings
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.3
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Controlling and executing the flow of operations from raw form to finished product in a defined format using industry applications/routing sheets for the specific product/service layout.
definition: 依托行业专用应用或工艺路线表，按既定格式管控从原材料到成品的全流程作业。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.3
preferred label: 管理工艺路线 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage specifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.4
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Direct, supervise, and control the product/service details necessary to execute the process. Adhere to details and descriptions for product/service through identified or guided parameters towards final outcome in the market with due critical analysis formed on organizational objectives.
definition: 统筹并管控产品/服务执行过程所需的关键细节；依据组织目标开展关键分析，严格遵循已识别或指导性参数，确保最终市场交付成果符合要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.4
preferred label: 管理技术规格 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage drawings
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.5
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Administering the specifications of the product/service and ensure accessibility for product alteration/new product development.
definition: 管理产品/服务规格参数，并确保其对产品改进或新产品开发具备可访问性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.5
preferred label: 管理工程图纸 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage product/material classification
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.6
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Controlling the details of the product and the input materials. Manage classification throughout the production process, and for future accessibility to new product development or product enrichment.
definition: 管控产品及投入物料的详细信息；在生产全过程实施分类管理，支撑未来新产品开发或产品增值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.6
preferred label: 管理产品/物料分类体系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop and maintain quality/inspection documents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.7
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Determining procedures required to assess the sustainability of defined criterion for product/service delivery to customers. Retain results for further review as a procedural practice.
definition: 制定评估产品/服务交付可持续性标准的程序；留存评估结果供后续复审，形成标准化操作实践。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.7
preferred label: 编制并维护质量/检验文档 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Maintain process specification data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.8
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Directing and handling data with respect to the procedures followed across different functions and mission critical applications.
definition: 统筹不同职能及任务关键型应用所涉数据的处理与管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.8
preferred label: 维护工艺规范数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage traceability data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4.9
broader: Manage product and service master data
definition: Identifying and handling data accessed by the permitted touch points. Ensure that no data is accessible to any unnecessary recipient. Data flow should be controlled through secured access and free from unauthorized access.
definition: 识别并管控经授权触点所访问的数据；确保无数据流向非必要接收方；通过受控访问机制保障数据流安全，杜绝未授权访问。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4.9
preferred label: 管理可追溯性数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

AI-Powered Product Design
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Govern and manage product/service development program
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Product Design.
definition: AI 时代专项活动：AI 驱动的产品设计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.5
preferred label: AI驱动的产品设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify new technologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.1.1
broader: Perform discovery research
definition: Determining new technologies to revise the portfolio of solution offerings. Identify recently developed technological advances that can be leveraged in the development or advancement of the organization's product/service portfolio. Enlist senior management in conjunction with personnel responsible for the design, processing, and delivery of products/services. Have the organization's research division(s) carry out the process.
definition: 甄选新技术以更新解决方案组合；识别近期涌现的技术突破，评估其在组织产品和服务组合开发或升级中的应用潜力；联合高层管理者，以及负责产品和服务设计、加工与交付的相关人员共同推进；由组织内部研究部门具体执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.1.1
preferred label: 识别新兴技术 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop new technologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.1.2
broader: Perform discovery research
definition: Developing new technologies from scratch to integrate into a revised portfolio of solutions. Develop new technological processes, models, and/or implements in-house, with the objective of improving existing solutions or creating new ones. Consider market realities, as well as the portfolio of products/services. Assess the results in conjunction with senior executives and personnel responsible for the design, processing, and delivery of these solutions. Engage the R&D function, and consider external sources such as offshore providers, specialized research agencies, and crowdsourcing communities.
definition: 从零开始自主研发新技术并集成至修订后的解决方案组合中；自主构建新型技术工艺、模型及工具，旨在优化现有解决方案或创造全新方案；兼顾市场现实与现有产品和服务组合；联合高管层及负责解决方案设计、加工与交付的人员共同评估成果；依托研发职能，并整合外部资源（如离岸服务商、专业研究机构、众包社区等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.1.2
preferred label: 研发新技术 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assess feasibility of integrating new leading technologies into product/service concepts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.1.3
broader: Perform discovery research
definition: Appraising the feasibility of integrating new technologies, whether developed as a custom solution or adopted from an external source, into revised portfolio of solution offerings. Examine recently developed technological advances for suitability to incorporate them into the concept of revised and/or new solution offerings. Enlist senior management, in consultation with in-house personnel responsible for the design, processing, and delivery of these solutions, as well as key supply-chain stakeholders.
definition: 评估新技术（含定制开发或外部引入）融入修订后解决方案组合的可行性；考察近期技术进展是否适配新/修订解决方案的概念设计；协同高层管理者、内部解决方案设计/加工/交付人员，以及关键供应链干系人共同研判。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.1.3
preferred label: 评估将前沿新技术整合至产品和服务概念的可行性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Gather new product/service ideas and requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.2.1
broader: Generate new product/service concepts
definition: Collecting necessary items, documents, regulatory requirements, etc., based on Generate and define new product/service ideas [19698]
definition: 依据“生成并界定新产品/服务创意[19698]”流程，收集所需物料、文档、监管要求等基础要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.2.1
preferred label: 收集新产品和服务创意及需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze new product/service ideas and requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.2.2
broader: Generate new product/service concepts
definition: Assessing and reviewing the concepts and requirements of Generate and define new product/service ideas [19698]
definition: 对“生成并界定新产品/服务创意[19698]”所产出的概念与需求进行评估与评审。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.2.2
preferred label: 分析新产品和服务创意及需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate new product/service inputs and requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.2.3
broader: Generate new product/service concepts
definition: Assessing and reviewing the required inputs and necessary elements such as automation, technology, hardware installation, regulatory requirements, certifications, etc., for new products/services through defined process and analysis.
definition: 通过既定流程与分析，评估新产品/服务所需的输入项与关键要素（如自动化、技术、硬件安装、监管要求、认证等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.2.3
preferred label: 评估新产品和服务输入及需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Formulate new product/service concepts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.2.4
broader: Generate new product/service concepts
definition: Devising ideas and elements necessary for thoughts on new product/service development.
definition: 构思新产品/服务开发所需的核心创意与构成要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.2.4
preferred label: 制定新产品和服务概念 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify potential improvements to existing products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.2.5
broader: Generate new product/service concepts
definition: Defining potential enhancements to current products/services in order to take advantage of a shift in market expectations. Identify how the existing line of products/services may be revised--through enhancements to individual solutions or across-the-board renovations--in order to capitalize on present opportunities in the market.
definition: 定义现有产品/服务的潜在增强方向，以响应市场预期变化；识别现有产品/服务线可通过单点优化或整体重构实现升级的具体路径，从而把握当前市场机遇。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.2.5
preferred label: 识别现有产品和服务的潜在改进点 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define basic functional requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.1
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Determining the operations of functions related to the product/service in the marketing environment.
definition: 界定产品/服务在营销环境中的功能运作方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.1
preferred label: 定义基础功能需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Derive interoperability requirements for products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.2
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Determining the ability of products and services to work together, exchange and use information in a multi-vendor, multi-network, and multi-service environment.
definition: 评估产品和服务在多厂商、多网络、多业务环境下的互操作能力，即信息交换与协同使用能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.2
preferred label: 推导产品和服务的互操作性需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Derive safety requirements for products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.3
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Developing safety requirements in line with environmental safety, occupational health and safety, and community health and safety guidelines.
definition: 依据环境安全、职业健康与安全、社区健康与安全等指南，制定安全需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.3
preferred label: 推导产品和服务的安全需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Derive security requirements for products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.4
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Implementing security requirements through authentication and encryption of CE device data stream. Utilize security measures such as cryptographic protocols and hardware security (smart cards).
definition: 通过CE设备数据流的身份认证与加密实施安全需求；采用密码学协议、硬件安全（如智能卡）等安全措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.4
preferred label: 推导产品和服务的安全保障需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Derive regulatory compliance requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.5
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Meeting regulatory requirements set forth by such directives as RoHS, WEEE, ELV, and REACH.
definition: 满足《限制有害物质指令》（RoHS）、《废弃电子电气设备指令》（WEEE）、《报废车辆指令》（ELV）、《化学品注册、评估、许可和限制法规》（REACH）等监管要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.5
preferred label: 推导监管合规需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Derive requirements from industry standards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.6
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Complying with consumer electronic industry standards developed by the Consumer Technology Association (CTA).
definition: 符合美国消费者技术协会（CTA）制定的消费电子行业标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.6
preferred label: 推导行业标准相关需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Develop user experience requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.7
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Identifying and creating steps and tools to develop the user experience.
definition: 识别并构建提升用户体验的步骤与工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.7
preferred label: 制定用户体验需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Derive ‘services-as-a-product’ offering
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1.8
broader: Define product/service requirements
definition: Productizing the service by defining the scope of the service/cost. Target market for the service and make the service more tangible.
definition: 通过界定服务范围与成本，实现服务产品化；明确目标市场，增强服务的可感知性与可交付性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1.8
preferred label: 推导“服务即产品”（Services-as-a-Product）方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Define post launch support model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.2
broader: Define product/service development requirements
definition: Defining SLAs (Service Level Agreement) and service level KPIs (Key Performance Indicator).
definition: 定义服务等级协议（SLA）及服务级关键绩效指标（KPI）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.2
preferred label: 定义产品/服务上市后支持模式 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify product/service bundling opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.3
broader: Define product/service development requirements
definition: Establishing areas of growth and further development of product/service mix, customization, market based changes, etc., to further demonstrate value to the customer in the competition.
definition: 规划产品/服务组合的增长方向与持续演进路径（如定制化、市场驱动型调整等），以在竞争中进一步彰显客户价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.3
preferred label: 识别产品和服务组合机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Generative AI for Content Creation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Generate and define new product/service ideas
definition: AI-era activity: Generative AI for Content Creation.
definition: AI时代专项活动：利用生成式人工智能（Generative AI）开展内容创作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.4
preferred label: 生成式人工智能（Generative AI）用于内容创作 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify requirements for product/service design/development partners
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.1.1
broader: Assign resources to product/service project
definition: Determining essential elements for collaborators involved in blueprint/development of product/service.
definition: 明确参与产品/服务蓝图设计与开发的协作方所需核心要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.1.1
preferred label: 明确产品/服务设计与开发合作伙伴的需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Develop and test prototype production and/or service delivery process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.10
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Creating the new manufacturing/delivery processes for the new products/services, and testing them to ensure proper functioning. Create the production/delivery process for the prototypes that have been built for the new products/services. Conduct trial-runs to test these processes and their integration with the organization's other processes.
definition: 为新产品/服务建立并测试新的制造/交付流程。围绕已构建的新产品/服务原型，设计并验证其生产/交付流程；通过试运行检验流程功能及其与组织其他业务流程的集成效果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.10
preferred label: 开发并测试原型化生产及/或服务交付流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Eliminate quality and reliability problems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.11
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Eliminating any problems relating to utility of the product/service over the course of its expected lifetime. Tweak the prototype in order to comply with the required quality and reliability standards. Further refine the prototype, so it may be subjected to testing.
definition: 消除产品/服务在其预期生命周期内可能存在的实用性问题。优化原型以满足质量与可靠性标准；持续迭代完善原型，为后续测试做好准备。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.11
preferred label: 消除质量与可靠性问题 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct in-house product/service testing and evaluate feasibility
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.12
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Carrying out an in-house appraisal of the prototypes in order to validate design and feasibility. Test the product/service prototypes to confirm their compliance with design and usability standards. Corroborate the viability of the design, and validate the feasibility of their production. Identify any areas for improvement.
definition: 开展内部原型评估，验证设计方案与可行性。测试产品/服务原型，确认其符合设计规范与可用性标准；佐证设计方案的可行性，并验证量产可行性；识别待改进环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.12
preferred label: 开展内部产品/服务测试并评估可行性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify design/development performance indicators
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.13
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Identifying performance parameters. Determine the parameters to measure performance of the design and development of the product/service concepts into prototypes.
definition: 明确性能参数。确定用于衡量产品/服务概念向原型转化过程中的设计与开发绩效的关键参数。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.13
preferred label: 识别设计/开发绩效指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collaborate on design with suppliers and external partners
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.14
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Interacting with suppliers and manufactures to determine design decisions. Collaborate with vendors, suppliers, contractors, and subcontractors to verify feasibility of co-producing the prototype's design. Ensure that efforts can be coordinated with other stakeholders in the organization's supply chain ecosystem at the time of manufacturing, producing, or packaging the finished product/service.
definition: 协同供应商与制造商共同决策设计方案。联合供应商、承包商、分包商等验证原型协同开发的可行性；确保在成品/服务的制造、生产或包装阶段，可与供应链生态内其他相关方高效协同。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.14
preferred label: 与供应商及外部合作伙伴协同开展设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Prepare high-level business case and technical assessment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.2
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Preparing a business-level business case and a technical feasibility assessment in order to move the product/service projects forward. Weigh the costs and benefits of designing, developing, and evaluating the shortlisted product/service concepts. Prepare a business case to justify the product/service projects. Conduct a technical appraisal to ensure that the organization has the technical know-how and resources to further develop these concepts.
definition: 编制业务层面商业论证与技术可行性评估报告，推动产品/服务项目落地；权衡短名单内产品/服务概念的设计、开发与评估成本与收益；形成商业论证以支持立项决策；开展技术评估，确认组织具备相应技术能力与资源支撑后续开发。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.2
preferred label: 编制高层级商业论证与技术评估 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop product/service design specifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.3
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Creating design specifications. Create specifications for the design of new or revised product/service concepts as a measure to meet during development. Have the senior functional-level solutioning or design staff create a framework of compliance standards for these products/services.
definition: 制定设计规范；明确新/修订产品/服务概念的设计规格，作为开发过程中的达标基准；由高级职能级解决方案或设计团队建立产品/服务合规标准框架。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.3
preferred label: 制定产品/服务设计规范 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop user experience design specifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.4
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Determining the usability and user experience of products and the business impact it creates.
definition: 评估产品/服务的可用性与用户体验，及其带来的业务影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.4
preferred label: 制定用户体验设计规范 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide warranty-related recommendations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.5
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Providing warranty plan and pricing specifications for recommendation.
definition: 提供保修方案与定价规格建议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.5
preferred label: 提供与保修相关的建议 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Document design specifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.6
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Documenting requirements to meet in the design of new or revised products/services. Specify technical, quality, and costing requirements, as well as ergonomic, safety, and servicing requirements for such products/services. Ensure the information presented can be understood by the personnel executing the design and includes examples, anecdotal references, and illustrations.
definition: 记录新/修订产品/服务设计需满足的各项要求，包括技术、质量、成本，以及人机工学、安全、可维护性等维度；确保设计执行人员能清晰理解要求，并辅以示例、案例参考与图示说明。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.6
preferred label: 归档设计规范文档 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct mandatory and elective external reviews
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.7
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Conducting any mandatory and elective appraisals of the product/service design specifications in order to ensure compliance with external standards. Carry out external reviews of specifications created for the development of new product/service designs. Conduct mandatory appraisals such as legal and regulatory, as well as any optional assessments that, for instance, pitch the specifications against industrial benchmarks.
definition: 开展产品/服务设计规范的强制性与可选性评审，确保符合外部标准；组织外部专家对新/修订产品/服务设计规范进行评审；执行法律与监管等强制性评审，并视需要开展对标行业基准等可选评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.7
preferred label: 开展强制性与可选外部评审 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Design for manufacturing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.8.1
broader: Design products/services
definition: Carrying out the steps necessary to appropriately manufacture correct parts. This includes designing application, product hardware, mold, casting, mechanical, and electrical aspects of the product.
definition: 落实正确零部件的制造流程，涵盖应用设计、产品硬件、模具、铸造、机械及电气等各环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.8.1
preferred label: 面向制造的设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Design for product servicing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.8.2
broader: Design products/services
definition: Creating product application service view to allow for product servicing and refurbishing.
definition: 构建产品应用服务视图，支撑产品维修与翻新。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.8.2
preferred label: 面向产品维修服务的设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Design for re-manufacturing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.8.3
broader: Design products/services
definition: Replacing core components and republishing.
definition: 更换核心组件并重新发布。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.8.3
preferred label: 面向再制造的设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Review product troubleshooting methodology
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.8.4
broader: Design products/services
definition: Reviewing the design and approach for troubleshooting the product.
definition: 评审产品故障排查的设计思路与方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.8.4
preferred label: 评审产品故障排查方法论 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Design and manage product data, design, and bill of materials
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.8.5
broader: Design products/services
definition: Designing the BOM-Bill of material, manufacturing BOM and Service BOMA bill of materials list for all the raw materials and components/parts used in the producing end product.
definition: 设计物料清单（BOM）、制造用物料清单（Manufacturing BOM）及服务用物料清单（Service BOM），列明终端产品所用全部原材料、零部件/组件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.8.5
preferred label: 设计并管理产品数据、设计及物料清单（BOM） @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Design for product upgrades
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.8.6
broader: Design products/services
definition: Designing hardware and software upgrade techniques.
definition: 设计软硬件升级技术方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.8.6
preferred label: 面向产品升级的设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Build prototypes/proof of concepts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.9
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Building prototypes for shortlisted product/service concepts. Develop prototypes for those product/service concepts that have been identified for further development. Provide proof-of-concepts, and test any processes involved. Build prototypes in line with the design specifications already outlined. Enlist the solutioning and/or design staff.
definition: 构建短名单内产品/服务概念的原型。针对已选定进入后续开发阶段的产品/服务概念，开展原型开发；提供概念验证（PoC），并对相关流程进行测试；严格依据既定设计规范开展原型构建；协调解决方案设计团队或设计人员参与。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.9
preferred label: 构建原型/概念验证 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Prepare detailed market study
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.2.1
broader: Test market for new or revised products and services
definition: Composing a detailed study of the market ecosystem in light of new products/services. Conduct a detailed analysis of the targeted market(s) in order to Introduce new products/services [10077]. Examine the competition, market size and growth rate, market trends, customer segments and their characteristics, market influencers, distribution channels, and profitability. Enlist in-house marketing and/or solutioning teams, or outsource to specialized professional services agencies.
definition: 结合新产品/服务，开展市场生态系统专项研究。对目标市场开展深度分析，以支持新产品/服务上市（[10077]）；考察竞争格局、市场规模与增长率、市场趋势、客户细分及其特征、关键影响者、分销渠道与盈利水平；由内部营销或解决方案团队主导，或外包给专业服务机构执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.2.1
preferred label: 编制详尽的市场调研报告 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct customer tests and interviews
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.2.2
broader: Test market for new or revised products and services
definition: Conducting both qualitative and quantitative studies to determine the fit between the newly developed products/services and the customers. Conduct external tests of the new product/service, and then refine them to maximize the customer uptake. Gather feedback from prospective customers and targeted populations by conducting surveys, focus groups, interviews, and detailed studies. Enlist professional services such as public relations or market research organizations.
definition: 开展定性与定量研究，评估新产品/服务与客户需求的匹配度。对外开展新产品/服务实测，并基于反馈持续优化以提升客户采纳率；通过问卷调查、焦点小组、深度访谈及专项研究等方式，收集目标客户与特定人群反馈；可借助公关或市场调研等专业服务机构支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.2.2
preferred label: 开展客户测试与访谈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Finalize product/service characteristics and business cases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.2.3
broader: Test market for new or revised products and services
definition: Finalizing the characteristics of new products/services by appropriately weighing feedback from prospective customers against a cost-benefit analysis in order to produce a profitable business proposition. Refine the attributes of the newly developed products/services, in light of the feedback and insights collected during Conduct customer tests and interviews [10094]. Revisit the high-level business case to justify the resources assigned to the product/service project against the anticipated benefits.
definition: 综合权衡客户反馈与成本效益分析，最终确定新产品/服务特性，形成盈利性商业方案。依据客户测试与访谈（[10094]）所获反馈与洞察，优化新产品/服务属性；重新审视高层级商业论证，以资源投入与预期收益匹配性支撑项目决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.2.3
preferred label: 确定产品/服务特性及商业案例 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Finalize technical requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.2.4
broader: Test market for new or revised products and services
definition: Reassessing the technical requirements in light of the final product/service attributes. Revisit the technical assessment to revalidate the organization's capacity for progressing with new product/service projects, in light of the revised product/service characteristics.
definition: 基于最终确定的产品/服务特性，重新评估技术要求。复核技术评估结论，结合修订后的产品/服务特性，再次验证组织推进新项目的技术能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.2.4
preferred label: 明确技术需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Design and obtain necessary capabilities/materials and equipment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.3.1
broader: Prepare for production/service delivery
definition: Developing and/or sourcing the essential machinery needed for creating purpose-built processes, as well as the raw materials, to produce the new products/services. Either design the equipment and materials needed internally, or source from external vendors. Obtain the feedstock or raw materials needed to prepare the finished products, as well as the machinery - hardware and software - needed to arrange production lines, factory operations, assemblies, and manufacturing processes. Revisit the technologies that underpin the new or revised products/services in order to source the right equipment and materials.
definition: 开发或采购定制化制造流程所需的设备及原材料，以支撑新产品/服务生产。设备与材料可自主设计开发，亦可向外部供应商采购；获取成品生产所需原料/基础物料，以及产线布局、工厂运营、装配与制造流程所需的硬件与软件设备；同步复审支撑新产品/服务的技术基础，以精准选型配套设备与材料。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.3.1
preferred label: 设计并获取必要的能力、物料及设备 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify requirements for changes to manufacturing/delivery processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.3.2
broader: Prepare for production/service delivery
definition: Identifying any changes that need to be effectuated in the organization's internal processes for manufacturing, and delivering the newly developed products/services. Determine if any changes need to be made to the production and distribution processes, in light of the new products/services. Begin production process planning. Prepare for factory layout planning. Generate shop-floor instructions and changes to the supply chain.
definition: 识别组织内部制造与交付流程需适配新产品/服务所做的调整。基于新产品/服务特性，研判生产与分销流程是否需优化；启动生产流程规划；筹备工厂布局设计；编制车间作业指令并更新供应链安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.3.2
preferred label: 识别制造/交付流程变更所需的要求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Request engineering/process change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.3.3
broader: Prepare for production/service delivery
definition: Requesting changes in the production and/or delivery operations for processing the new or revised products/services. Rectify any problems identified in the manufacturing or delivery processes (through Monitor production runs [11417]). Seek changes in components, repair machinery, optimize production lines, and tweak factory assemblies through a formal notice to the concerned division, known as an engineering change order.
definition: 提出生产与/或交付环节的变更请求，以适配新产品/服务。针对制造或交付流程中发现的问题（通过“监控生产运行”[11417]识别），发起工程变更单（ECO），正式通知相关部门开展零部件调整、设备维修、产线优化或工厂装配微调。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.3.3
preferred label: 提出工程/流程变更申请 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor initial production runs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.3.4.1
broader: Install and validate production/service delivery process
definition: Regularly monitoring production runs of the production and/or delivery operations.
definition: 持续监控生产与/或交付运行情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.3.4.1
preferred label: 监控首批生产运行 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Validate launch procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.3.5
broader: Prepare for production/service delivery
definition: Verifying the measures/processes/techniques through systems and tools involved in the introduction of products and services.
definition: 通过系统与工具验证产品/服务导入过程中所采用的措施、流程与技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.3.5
preferred label: 验证上线流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine and document warranty policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.4.1
broader: Define warranty claims
definition: Establishing warranty policies to assure customers that the company will guarantee its warranties that it issues.
definition: 制定保修政策，向客户承诺企业将切实履行所出具的保修义务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.4.1
preferred label: 制定并记录保修政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create and manage warranty rules/claim codes for products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.4.2
broader: Define warranty claims
definition: Establishing and maintaining claims processing and routing rules. Establish and maintain claims processing and routing rules for product warranties, coverage lists, repair, fault, trouble codes, repair time setup, and warranty policy registration. This also includes rolling out the codes and rules, and the improvements/updates to these rules and codes via systematic updates.
definition: 建立并维护保修索赔处理与路由规则。涵盖产品保修索赔处理规则、保障范围清单、维修流程、故障分类、报修代码、维修时效设定及保修政策登记等；同步推动代码与规则的发布、迭代更新及系统化升级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.4.2
preferred label: 为产品创建并管理保修规则/索赔代码 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Agree on warranty responsibilities with suppliers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.4.3
broader: Define warranty claims
definition: Negotiating with manufacturers and dealers the obligations of each party in upholding warranties.
definition: 与制造商及经销商协商各方在保修履约中的责任与义务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.4.3
preferred label: 与供应商就保修责任达成一致 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define warranty related offerings for customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.4.4
broader: Define warranty claims
definition: Informing customers about warranties that apply to promoted products or services.
definition: 向客户清晰传达促销产品或服务所适用的保修条款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.4.4
preferred label: 为客户定义保修相关服务方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate warranty policies and offerings
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.4.5
broader: Define warranty claims
definition: Communicating rules and updates via training manuals for new products and training resources.
definition: 通过新产品培训手册与培训资源，宣贯保修规则及更新内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.4.5
preferred label: 向客户传达保修政策与服务方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop recall strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.5
broader: Develop products and services
definition: Establishing procedures to handle recalls of defective products.
definition: 建立缺陷产品召回处理规程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.5
preferred label: 制定召回策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Analyze business needs and requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Business Analysis
broader: Business Analysis
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Business Analysis'.
definition: ITIL ‘业务分析’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.4.1
preferred label: 分析业务需求与要求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Recommend solutions to business problems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Business Analysis
broader: Business Analysis
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Business Analysis'.
definition: ITIL ‘业务分析’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.4.2
preferred label: 针对业务问题提出解决方案建议 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Validate solution alignment with needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Business Analysis
broader: Business Analysis
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Business Analysis'.
definition: ITIL ‘业务分析’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.4.3
preferred label: 验证解决方案与需求的一致性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Understand consumer needs and historical behaviors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.1.1
broader: Conduct customer and market research
definition: Identifying the factors that drive the targeted market segment. Model customer purchasing patterns, and forecast their future purchasing behavior.
definition: 识别目标客户细分的关键驱动因素。建模客户购买行为模式，并预测其未来购买趋势。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.1.1
preferred label: 洞察消费者需求与历史行为 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Predict customer purchasing behavior
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.1.2
broader: Conduct customer and market research
definition: Using customer segmentation tools to examine past customer behavior to predict future purchasing patterns.
definition: 运用客户细分工具，基于历史客户行为预测未来购买模式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.1.2
preferred label: 预测客户购买行为 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Determine market share gain/loss
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.2.1
broader: Identify market segments
definition: Determining the increase or decrease of the company's sales volume in the targeted markets. Conduct an analysis to determine the factors and underlying causes that affect the changes in the demand for products or services offered. Consider changes in offerings or in the business strategy to regain or increase the market share.
definition: 分析公司在目标市场的销量增减趋势。开展专项分析，识别影响产品/服务需求变动的因素与根本原因；必要时调整产品供给或业务策略，以重获或扩大市场份额。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.2.1
preferred label: 评估市场份额增减情况 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Analyze market and industry trends
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.3
broader: Perform customer and market intelligence analysis
definition: Examining large-scale shifts and trends, with relevance to the organization's products/services. Vet the industrial and larger market landscape to identify broad-based movements that could have a direct or tangential impact on the uptake of the organization's products/services. Examine, among other things, the market capitalization of similar products, the profitability of organizations offering competing products/services, the stock price of key vendors/suppliers in the organizational value-chain, the rate and scale of innovation activity in the organization's product/service category, the price and availability of raw materials, and the shelf-life of similar products/services. Conduct primary and secondary research, and consider enlisting professional services.
definition: 研判与组织产品/服务相关的大规模市场变革与趋势。审视产业及宏观市场格局，识别可能直接影响或间接波及组织产品/服务市场接受度的广泛性动向；重点考察同类产品市值、竞品企业盈利能力、价值链关键供应商/厂商股价、本类产品/服务领域创新活跃度、原材料价格与供应稳定性、同类产品/服务保质期等；结合一手与二手研究，并可引入专业服务机构支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.3
preferred label: 分析市场与行业趋势 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze competing organizations, competitive/substitute products/services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.4
broader: Perform customer and market intelligence analysis
definition: Examining the strengths and weaknesses of competing organizations. Assess competing organizations for offerings, product strategy, marketing and delivery channels, etc. Analyze the usability experience, durability, USP, and other key attributes of competing and substitute products. Gather competitive intelligence, and consider enlisting professional services.
definition: 评估竞争对手组织的优势与劣势。从产品供给、产品战略、营销与交付渠道等方面对标竞品组织；分析竞品与替代产品的用户体验、耐用性、独特卖点（USP）等核心属性；开展竞争情报收集，可引入专业服务机构支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.4
preferred label: 分析竞争组织及竞争性/替代性产品和服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate existing products/services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.5
broader: Perform customer and market intelligence analysis
definition: Examining the brands owned and products offered in the market. Determine the relative position of the existing products/brands in the marketplace.
definition: 分析市场中现有品牌与产品布局。评估组织既有产品/品牌在市场中的相对定位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.5
preferred label: 评估现有产品和服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assess internal and external business environment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.6
broader: Perform customer and market intelligence analysis
definition: Understanding the culture and environment in which you're operating. Analyze how internal decision-making, thought processes, financial circumstances, and more affect the ability to bring new products to market. Survey or analyze the market into which the products would be introduced.
definition: 理解所处的文化与经营环境。分析内部决策机制、思维模式、财务状况等因素如何影响新产品上市能力；开展目标市场调研，评估产品拟进入的市场。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.6
preferred label: 评估内外部商业环境 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Quantify market opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2.1
broader: Evaluate and prioritize market opportunities
definition: Attaching quantifiable indicators to opportunities that have been identified in the market. Compute estimated figures of the approximate value that can be captured with the provision of existing products/services (i.e., the extent of financial benefits that can be reaped in the market).
definition: 为已识别的市场机会设定可量化的指标。测算依托现有产品和服务可获取的预期价值（即在市场中可实现的财务收益规模）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2.1
preferred label: 量化市场机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify under-served and saturated market segments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2.2.1
broader: Determine target segments
definition: Determining which groups of potential customers do not yet, or already do have access to the product or a service that the company produces or markets. Use those findings to create specialized product offerings and differentiated marketing campaigns.
definition: 判定哪些潜在客户群体尚未或已获得本公司生产或营销的产品或服务；据此设计差异化产品方案与定制化营销活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2.2.1
preferred label: 识别服务不足与饱和的细分市场 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Prioritize opportunities consistent with capabilities and overall business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2.3
broader: Evaluate and prioritize market opportunities
definition: Creating an index of market opportunities, and arrange them in order of preference. Prioritize based on the opportunities' adherence to the overall business strategy. Correlate with the competencies and capacities that the organization, as a whole, processes.
definition: 构建市场机会指数，并按优先级排序；依据各机会与整体业务战略的契合度进行优先级排序，同时关联组织整体具备的核心能力与资源禀赋。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2.3
preferred label: 依据业务能力与整体战略优先排序机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Test with customers/consumers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2.4.1
broader: Validate opportunities
definition: Validating identified market opportunities by testing company's offerings on limited-size samples of the consumer population that are hypothesized to be representative of the target market at large and to have similar purchasing behavior. The feedback gained through consumer testing can be used to modify or reject product offerings before their full scale launch, saving the company valuable resources, should the initial offering not be successful.
definition: 通过小规模消费者抽样测试（样本需代表目标市场总体并具备相似购买行为）验证市场机会；利用测试反馈在全面上市前优化或终止产品方案，避免资源浪费。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2.4.1
preferred label: 面向客户/消费者开展测试 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Confirm internal capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2.4.2
broader: Validate opportunities
definition: Verifying that the company has sufficient infrastructure and resources to deliver their offerings in a timely and cost-effective manner, and that it is able to scale up from the small-scale market samples, used for consumer testing, to the entire identified market segment.
definition: 核实企业是否具备及时、经济高效交付产品/服务所需的基础设施与资源，并能从小规模测试样本顺利扩展至全部目标市场细分。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2.4.2
preferred label: 确认内部能力支撑情况 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

AI-Driven Customer Segmentation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Understand markets, customers, and capabilities
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Driven Customer Segmentation.
definition: AI时代专项活动：人工智能驱动的客户细分。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.3
preferred label: 人工智能驱动的客户细分 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define offering and positioning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.1.1
broader: Define offering and customer value proposition
definition: Defining problem(s) that the organization's products/services solve for the customers, thereby determining how they are positioned in the market. Refine the product/service concepts from the perspective of customers. Succinctly outline the problem the organization's offerings solves for the customers, making a case for why the customer should buy a product or use a service. Define the offering's unique value.
definition: 界定组织产品/服务为客户解决的核心问题，从而明确其市场定位；从客户视角持续优化产品/服务概念；简明扼要阐明产品/服务解决的具体问题，论证客户采购或使用该产品/服务的理由；定义产品/服务的独特价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.1.1
preferred label: 定义产品/服务及市场定位 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop value proposition including brand positioning for target segments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.1.2
broader: Define offering and customer value proposition
definition: Boosting the attractiveness of products/services to the targeted customers, and creating a unique brand projection around these features. Identify and enhance those product/service features that reinforce the attractiveness of these offerings, for these segment of customers. Underscore the perceived value delivered to the customers by clearly specifying the relevance and desirability of these products/services. Once it has been clarified how the organization's offerings meet the customer's expectations or deliver specific benefits, position the brands around these benefits.
definition: 强化产品/服务对目标客户的吸引力，并围绕关键特性打造差异化品牌印象；识别并增强能提升该客户群吸引力的产品/服务特性；通过明确说明相关性与需求度，凸显客户感知价值；在厘清产品/服务如何满足客户期望或提供特定收益后，围绕这些收益开展品牌定位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.1.2
preferred label: 为目标细分市场制定价值主张（含品牌定位） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Validate value proposition with target segments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.1.3
broader: Define offering and customer value proposition
definition: Validating the desirability of the perceived value delivered by the organization's offerings, to the targeted customer segment. Substantiate the value of the benefits accrued to the customers through the organization's offerings. Justify the value proposition in light of the targeted segments by gathering feedback (using teaser demonstrations, surveys, interviews, primary research studies, and customer case studies). Corroborate the benefits of the organization's offerings.
definition: 验证组织产品/服务向目标客户群传递的感知价值是否具有吸引力；通过客户反馈（如概念演示、问卷调查、深度访谈、一手研究及客户案例研究）实证客户获益价值；基于目标细分群体，论证价值主张合理性并佐证产品/服务收益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.1.3
preferred label: 面向目标细分市场验证价值主张 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct brand level social sentiment analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.2.1
broader: Develop and manage brands
definition: Analyzing external social and digital feedback related to brands to assess public perception, sentiment trends, and emerging reputation risks or opportunities, and to inform brand positioning and management decisions.
definition: 分析外部社交与数字平台上的品牌相关舆情，评估公众认知、情感趋势及新兴声誉风险或机遇，支撑品牌定位与管理决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.2.1
preferred label: 开展品牌层级社交舆情分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop marketing strategy for new and existing brands
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.2.2
broader: Develop and manage brands
definition: Defining brand-specific marketing direction, priorities, and strategic choices to support brand introduction, growth, positioning, and ongoing performance within the broader marketing strategy.
definition: 制定品牌专属的营销方向、优先事项与战略选择，支撑品牌引入、成长、定位及持续绩效表现，并融入整体营销战略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.2.2
preferred label: 制定新旧品牌营销策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define brand equity position
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.2.3
broader: Develop and manage brands
definition: Establishing the desired brand value, differentiation, and market perception relative to competitors and target audiences, including the attributes and associations the brand is intended to represent.
definition: 确立品牌相对于竞争对手及目标受众所期望的价值、差异化特征与市场认知，明确品牌拟代表的核心属性与关联联想。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.2.3
preferred label: 界定品牌资产定位 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assess brand performance management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.2.4
broader: Develop and manage brands
definition: Evaluating brand performance against defined objectives and expectations to inform brand positioning adjustments, investment decisions, and ongoing brand management actions.
definition: 对照既定目标与预期评估品牌绩效，为品牌定位调整、投资决策及持续品牌管理提供依据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.2.4
preferred label: 评估品牌绩效管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct pricing analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.3.1
broader: Define pricing strategy
definition: Analyzing marketing objectives, consumer demand, product attributes, competitors' pricing, and economic trends to determine optimum prices for the set of products and services that the company offers or intends to offer by delivering maximum ROI.
definition: 综合分析营销目标、消费需求、产品属性、竞品定价及经济趋势，确定公司当前或拟推出产品/服务组合的最优价格，以实现ROI最大化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.3.1
preferred label: 开展定价分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish guidelines for applying pricing and discounting of products/services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.3.2
broader: Define pricing strategy
definition: Creating a framework that allows for a uniform methodology while determining the price of individual offerings. Devise a blueprint for establishing the pricing of specific products/services. Create guidelines that factor in the cost of production/servicing, price sensitivity, product lifecycle, and the price of competing/substitute products.
definition: 构建统一的定价方法论框架；制定具体产品/服务的定价蓝图；制定涵盖生产/服务成本、价格敏感度、产品生命周期及竞品/替代品价格等要素的定价指南。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.3.2
preferred label: 制定产品/服务定价与折扣应用规范 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish pricing targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.3.3
broader: Define pricing strategy
definition: Determining optimum prices for individual products or services on the basis of the cost of producing, distributing and marketing the offerings, pricing analysis and general pricing strategy.
definition: 基于产品/服务的生产、分销与营销成本，结合定价分析及整体定价策略，确定单个产品/服务的最优价格。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.3.3
preferred label: 设定定价目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Approve pricing strategies/policies and targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.3.4
broader: Define pricing strategy
definition: Confirming the strategy and specifications developed for pricing the organization's products/services. Approve pricing guidelines by vetting the soundness of the methodology and the guidelines' alignment with the value proposition.
definition: 确认组织产品/服务定价策略与细则；通过审核定价方法论的科学性及与价值主张的一致性，批准定价指南。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.3.4
preferred label: 审批定价策略/政策及目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine channels to be supported
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.1
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Deciding which distributors, wholesalers and retailers the company will use to promote its offerings and to distribute its products and services to the target market. Narrowing down which intermediaries the company will use will affect retail prices of individual products, and should therefore be included in the pricing analysis.
definition: 确定公司将采用的分销商、批发商与零售商，用于推广产品/服务并触达目标市场；中间商的选择将影响单品零售价格，须纳入定价分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.1
preferred label: 确定拟支持的渠道类型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish channel objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.2
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Identifying the role that each chosen marketing channels plays in the larger distribution network with respect to the organizational marketing strategy. Determine intermediary costs for shipping, handling, transporting, warehousing, insurance and marketing that incur and accumulate in the distribution channel.
definition: 明确各选定营销渠道在整体分销网络中所承担的角色及其与组织营销战略的关联；核算分销渠道中产生的运输、装卸、仓储、保险及营销等中间环节成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.2
preferred label: 设定渠道目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine channel role and fit with target segments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.3
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Analyze the various channels for their relevance to the targeted segments. Identify the channel that can effectively market to the targeted customers in regard to the drives, desires, and characteristics of these populations, their uptake, extent of engagement, frequency of use, and effectiveness in communicating.
definition: 分析各渠道对目标细分的相关性；识别最契合目标客户驱动力、需求特征、采纳意愿、参与程度、使用频次及传播效能的渠道。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.3
preferred label: 明确渠道角色及其与目标细分市场的匹配度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Select channels for target segments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.4
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Choose the most pertinent marketing channel for the targeted segments (based on Determine channel fit with target segments [10127]).
definition: 依据确定渠道与目标细分的匹配度［10127］，选择最适配目标细分的营销渠道。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.4
preferred label: 为目标细分市场遴选渠道 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify required channel capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.5
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Determining the maximum output rate required from a distribution channel to optimally market and deliver the products and services the company offers or would like to offer. Ideally, a channel should be able to adapt to a certain degree of variability in the demand for the offerings, and able scale up if needed.
definition: 确定分销渠道所需达到的最大输出速率，以最优支持产品/服务的营销与交付；理想渠道应具备一定需求波动适应能力，并可按需扩容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.5
preferred label: 识别所需渠道能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate channel attributes and potential partners
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.6
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Assessing the attributes of all marketing channels, and evaluating the key partners in those channels. Closely examine the various characteristics of all available marketing channels such as the cost of using them, durability of impact, applicability to the organization's products/services, turn-around time, involvement of middlemen, and conversion rate. Analyze key partners in the marketing channels including those who have been associated with the organization; evaluate their capabilities, the scale and scope of their operations, quality of support provided, etc.
definition: 全面评估所有营销渠道属性，并对关键渠道伙伴开展评价；深入考察各渠道的成本、影响持久性、与组织产品/服务的适配性、响应时效、中间环节数量及转化率等特征；分析渠道关键伙伴（含既有合作方）的运营规模与范围、能力水平、支持力度等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.6
preferred label: 评估渠道属性及潜在合作伙伴 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define omni-channel strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.7.1
broader: Orchestrate seamless customer experience across supported channels
definition: Devising a strategy to market company's products or services seamlessly through all or most channels that are in widespread use among the target market. This may mean cross-channel access to customer preferences and purchasing history to accept returned merchandise, provide refunds, resolve payment issues or to provide technical support.
definition: 制定全渠道或主流渠道无缝营销策略；例如打通客户偏好与购买历史数据，支持退换货、退款、支付问题处理及技术支援等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.7.1
preferred label: 定义全渠道策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Define omni-channel requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.7.2
broader: Orchestrate seamless customer experience across supported channels
definition: Identifying necessary preconditions that a channel should fulfill in order to be included as one of the adopted channels, such as required throughput capacities, service capabilities, competitive pricing, and alignment with organizational marketing strategies.
definition: 明确渠道纳入标准，包括必需吞吐能力、服务能力、竞争性定价及与组织营销战略的一致性等前提条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.7.2
preferred label: 定义全渠道需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Develop omni-channel policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.7.3
broader: Orchestrate seamless customer experience across supported channels
definition: Determining the detailed policies and procedures that each of the channels needs to follow in order to conform to the organizational marketing strategy and to provide seamless customer service experience.
definition: 制定各渠道须遵循的详细政策与操作规程，确保其符合组织营销战略并提供无缝客户服务体验。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.7.3
preferred label: 制定全渠道政策与流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Develop and manage execution roadmap
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.8
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Determining the actions that need to be taken for successful multichannel marketing, the ordering, timing and dependencies of the steps, and the governance mechanism for reviewing and changing the protocol, if needed.
definition: 明确多渠道营销成功所需的关键行动、步骤顺序、时间安排与依赖关系，并建立评审与动态调整协议的治理机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.8
preferred label: 制定并管理执行路线图 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define and manage channel/store format strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.9
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Establishing and overseeing the strategic role, structure, and positioning of marketing channels and customer engagement formats, including how they are used to reach target audiences, deliver brand experiences, and support overall marketing objectives.
definition: 建立并统筹管理营销渠道与客户互动形式的战略定位、架构与角色，明确其在触达目标受众、传递品牌体验及支撑整体营销目标中的作用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.9
preferred label: 定义并管理渠道/门店形态策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish channel-specific measures and targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.5.1
broader: Analyze and manage channel performance
definition: Determining measurable parameters to be used for comparing the performance of different marketing channels. Decide on benchmarks and values for optimum or desired performance.
definition: 设定可量化的渠道绩效对比参数；明确最优或期望绩效的基准值与衡量标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.5.1
preferred label: 建立渠道专属衡量指标与目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor and report performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.5.2
broader: Analyze and manage channel performance
definition: Tracking trends and changes in performance inside individual marketing channels and in channels collectively. Summarize and document results. Alert relevant parties about significant or unexpected deviations from expected behaviors.
definition: 跟踪各营销渠道内部及整体渠道组合的绩效趋势与变化；汇总并记录分析结果；就显著或异常偏离预期表现的情况向相关方发出预警。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.5.2
preferred label: 监控并报告绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor and report events influencing factors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.5.3
broader: Analyze and manage channel performance
definition: Analyzing the factors and circumstances that influence desired outcomes. Communicate core findings to relevant parties.
definition: 分析影响预期成果达成的关键因素与情境；向相关方传达核心发现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.5.3
preferred label: 监控并报告影响事件的因素 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze channel performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.5.4
broader: Analyze and manage channel performance
definition: Conducting an analysis to review channel performance with respect to chosen metrics, benchmarks and performance targets [16573]. Compare to past performance and forecasts for the channel.
definition: 基于选定指标、基准及绩效目标[16573]，开展渠道绩效评估；并与历史表现及渠道预测数据进行比对。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.5.4
preferred label: 分析渠道绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop plan for channel improvements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.5.5
broader: Analyze and manage channel performance
definition: Devising a course of action to be taken to improve under-performing channels and to promote or expand channels that surpass expectations.
definition: 制定改进低效渠道的行动方案，并推动或拓展表现超预期的渠道。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.5.5
preferred label: 制定渠道改进计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop customer communication calendar
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.1
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Timing and scheduling the delivery of marketing messages to maximize their impact on customer purchasing behavior. Integrate individual messages to larger marketing campaigns and to seasonal purchasing patterns.
definition: 统筹营销信息的投放时机与节奏，以最大化其对客户购买行为的影响；将单条信息有机整合至整体营销活动及季节性消费周期中。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.1
preferred label: 制定客户沟通日历 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define public relations (PR) strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.2
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Deciding how to promote and maintain a favorable public image of the company in the eyes of its employees, customers, investors, suppliers, politicians or the general public. This may involve various means but is frequently conducted through publicity, education, corporate social responsibility, charitable causes or civic engagements.
definition: 策划并维护公司在员工、客户、投资者、供应商、政界人士及公众心目中的正面形象；手段包括公关宣传、公众教育、企业社会责任（CSR）、慈善公益及社区参与等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.2
preferred label: 制定公共关系（PR）策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define direct marketing strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.3
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Devising a master plan how to select potential customers or qualified clients for customized offers, and contact them on one-to-one basis through chat, phone, email or regular mail. The strategy would need to take into account that personalizing offers and contacting customers individually is an effective but resource-intensive marketing technique, and that ill-targeted offers risk at angering and alienating the contactees.
definition: 制定精准客户触达策略：筛选潜在客户或合格客户，通过在线聊天、电话、电子邮件或传统邮件开展一对一沟通；需兼顾个性化营销的高有效性与资源密集性，并规避因定位不准引发客户反感与疏离的风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.3
preferred label: 制定直复营销策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define internal marketing communication strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.4
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Developing a program to promote the objectives, values, products and services of the company to its employees by treating them as potential customers, in order to extend company client base, increase employee engagement or to foster brand advocacy.
definition: 面向员工开展内部品牌传播计划，将其视为潜在客户，宣贯公司使命、价值观、产品和服务，以拓展客户基础、提升员工敬业度或培育品牌拥护者。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.4
preferred label: 制定内部营销传播策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify new media for marketing communication
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.5
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Finding emerging media based on digital or other technologies that would enable the company to increase the speed and volume of marketing communications, to make communications more interactive and to customize promotional messages more easily to the target audience, thus rendering them more effective.
definition: 发掘基于数字技术或其他新兴技术的媒体形态，以提升营销传播的速度与规模，增强互动性，并更便捷地实现面向目标受众的定制化信息推送，从而提升传播效能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.5
preferred label: 识别新型营销传播媒介 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define new media communication strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.6
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Developing a marketing strategy that is maximally effective in a new or emerging media channel by capitalizing on its novel attributes and capabilities.
definition: 依托新兴媒体渠道的独特属性与能力，制定最具实效性的营销策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.6
preferred label: 制定新型媒介传播策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define point of sale (POS) communication strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.7
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Establishing a framework for coordinated marketing to increase the profitability and increase brand awareness at the point of sale. This may include promotional posters on product shelves or island displays, advertisements in shopping carts, stickers on the floor that lead consumers to the promoted product, multi-buy promotions, coupons on sales receipts, etc.
definition: 构建终端协同营销框架，以提升销售点盈利水平与品牌曝光度；具体形式包括货架端促销海报、岛式陈列、购物车广告、地面导流贴纸、多件优惠、收据优惠券等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.7
preferred label: 制定销售点（POS）传播策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define communication guidelines and mechanisms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6.8
broader: Develop marketing communication strategy
definition: Establishing standardized procedures for effective communication that maximizes ROI, promotes brand awareness and respects customers. In its simplest form, it includes a message (what is to be said), a target (to whom the message is reaching) and a medium or a channel (where the message is to be said).
definition: 建立标准化高效传播流程，以实现投资回报率（ROI）最大化、品牌认知度提升及客户尊重；其基本要素包括信息内容（说什么）、目标受众（对谁说）及传播媒介/渠道（在哪说）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6.8
preferred label: 制定传播规范与机制 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define customer loyalty program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.7.1
broader: Design and manage customer loyalty program
definition: Devising procedures and mechanisms to retain existing customers, promote repeat business and increase the likelihood that previous customers to continue to buy products or services from the company. This may be achieved by rewarding customers for repeat business by means of gifts, discounts, redeemable "points", or prioritized access to new products, events or services.
definition: 设计客户留存机制，促进重复购买，提高既有客户持续采购公司产品或服务的可能性；可通过赠品、折扣、“积分”兑换、新品/活动/服务优先体验权等方式激励复购。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.7.1
preferred label: 定义客户忠诚度计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Acquire members to customer loyalty program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.7.2
broader: Design and manage customer loyalty program
definition: Convincing customers to register their personal information with the company and be assigned a unique identifier that they use when making purchases. The identifier makes it easier for the company to track customer purchases. Customers are rewarded by various incentives that encourage repeat business [20007].
definition: 引导客户注册个人信息并分配唯一识别码，用于购物流程；该识别码便于企业追踪客户行为；客户通过各类激励措施获得回馈，以增强复购意愿[20007]。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.7.2
preferred label: 招募会员加入客户忠诚度计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Build engagement and relationship with members
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.7.3
broader: Design and manage customer loyalty program
definition: Building deeper relationships between a customer and a brand in order to promote customer loyalty and derive repeat business. Besides making frequent purchases, highly engaged customers refer family, friends and colleagues to make purchases as well, consume and re-broadcast promotional materials, provide feedback to the purchases they make and do not support competing brands.
definition: 深化客户与品牌的情感联结，以驱动忠诚度与重复购买；高参与度客户不仅高频复购，还主动向亲友同事推荐、传播推广内容、反馈使用意见，并抵制竞品。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.7.3
preferred label: 提升会员参与度并维系客户关系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor customer loyalty program benefits to the enterprise and the customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.7.4
broader: Design and manage customer loyalty program
definition: Surveying and tracking the benefits of customer loyalty programs both for the company and for customers. Compare with comparable loyalty programs instituted in competitor companies. Propose changes as needed to keep up with market trends.
definition: 评估客户忠诚度计划对公司及客户的实际效益；对标竞争对手同类计划；结合市场趋势提出优化建议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.7.4
preferred label: 监控客户忠诚度计划对企业及客户的效益 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Optimize loyalty program value to both the enterprise and the customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.7.5
broader: Design and manage customer loyalty program
definition: Enhancing the customer loyalty program so that it will yield maximum value both for the company and for the patrons enrolled in the program, increasing customer retention and continued engagement.
definition: 持续优化客户忠诚度计划，使其在提升客户留存率与活跃度的同时，为公司与会员创造最大价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.7.5
preferred label: 优化忠诚度计划对企业与客户的双重价值 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish goals, objectives, and measures for products/services by channel/segment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.1
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Determining what to achieve by marketing. Create qualitative and quantitative targets. Establish metrics to track performance (for individual Market segments [10109] and Channels for target segments [10129]). Enlist the head of marketing to determine marketing priorities and the related measures. (The decision in establishing these goals, objectives, and metrics is founded in Develop marketing strategy [10102] and takes cues from current priorities and organizational strategy.)
definition: 明确营销目标，设定定性与定量指标；建立绩效追踪指标（覆盖各细分市场[10109]及目标细分市场的渠道[10129]）；由市场负责人确定营销优先级及相关衡量标准。（目标、指标的设定依据源自“制定营销战略”[10102]，并承接当前组织战略重点。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.1
preferred label: 按渠道/细分市场设定产品和服务的目标、目的及衡量指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

AI-Powered Pricing Optimization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Pricing Optimization.
definition: AI时代专项活动：人工智能（AI）驱动的定价优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.10
preferred label: 人工智能驱动的定价优化（AI-Powered Pricing Optimization） @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Confirm marketing alignment to business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.2.1
broader: Establish marketing budgets
definition: Ensuring corroboration of the marketing strategy and the organizational strategy. Ensure the organization's marketing strategy/plan aligns with the overall business strategy. Fine-tune the marketing plan according to the organizational strategy.
definition: 确保营销战略与组织战略相互印证；校准营销战略/计划与企业整体战略的一致性；依据组织战略动态优化营销计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.2.1
preferred label: 确认营销活动与业务战略的一致性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine costs of marketing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.2.2
broader: Establish marketing budgets
definition: Calculating the total cost of marketing the organization's portfolio of products/services. Calculate the total outlay needed for promoting, selling, and delivering the organization's products/services to customers. Account for all costs to acquire customers and sustain a relationship with them. Include the expenses needed for promotional actives, warehousing, transactional costs, and distribution of the organization's offering.
definition: 核算企业全产品/服务组合的营销总成本；涵盖推广、销售及交付全过程支出；纳入客户获取与关系维系的全部成本；包括促销活动、仓储、交易及产品/服务分销等各项开支。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.2.2
preferred label: 核定营销成本 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create marketing budget
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.2.3
broader: Establish marketing budgets
definition: Estimating the outlay required for promoting, selling, and distributing the products/services of the organization. Add up the expenses of all activities necessitated in marketing, such as promotional campaigns, advertising, marketing communications, PR campaigns, employing skilled personnel, and office space.
definition: 估算企业产品/服务的推广、销售与分销所需总投入；汇总所有营销活动支出，包括促销活动、广告、营销传播、公关活动、专业人员薪酬及办公场地费用等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.2.3
preferred label: 编制营销预算 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine projected ROI for marketing investment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.2.4
broader: Establish marketing budgets
definition: Estimating how much profit the company would generate for its expenses on marketing . Forecasted return on investment, used as a metric to gauge the efficiency of marketing, is beneficial in revising marketing budgets and adjusting costs to improve the overall yield.
definition: 测算营销投入所能产生的利润；预测投资回报率（ROI）作为衡量营销效率的关键指标，有助于优化预算分配与成本控制，提升整体产出效益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.2.4
preferred label: 测算营销投入的预期投资回报率（ROI） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Understand resource requirements for each product/service and delivery channel/method
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.1
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Determining the production and distribution costs for each product or service, and each channel or method as factors in determining overall pricing.
definition: 将各产品/服务及各渠道/方式的生产与分销成本，作为整体定价决策的关键输入因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.1
preferred label: 明确各产品/服务及交付渠道/方式所需的资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Achieve regulatory approval for pricing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.10
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Obtaining internal price approvals and governmental approvals that are required for licensed products and for products that can be reimbursed by the government.
definition: 获取内部价格审批，以及针对许可类产品和政府报销类产品所需的政府审批。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.10
preferred label: 获取定价监管审批 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct competitive pricing review (online, offline etc.)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.11
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Analyzing competitor pricing across relevant channels and markets to understand relative price positioning, identify pricing gaps or risks, and inform pricing strategy and adjustments.
definition: 分析竞品在相关渠道与市场的定价策略，明确自身价格定位，识别价格缺口或风险，支撑定价策略制定与调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.11
preferred label: 开展竞争性定价审查（线上、线下等） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine customer segment specific pricing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.12
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Defining pricing approaches and price levels for specific customer segments based on value propositions, market conditions, and strategic pricing objectives.
definition: 依据价值主张、市场环境及战略性定价目标，为特定客户群体制定差异化定价策略与价格水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.12
preferred label: 制定面向特定客户细分市场的差异化定价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine corporate incentives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.2
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Introducing financial inducements, such as discounts, to distributors, resellers or vendors as a motivation to prioritize selling company's products or services over those of its competitors.
definition: 向分销商、经销商或供应商提供财务激励（如折扣），促使其优先推广本公司产品/服务而非竞品。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.2
preferred label: 确定企业激励政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine pricing based on volume/unit forecast
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.3
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Establishing a dynamic pricing mechanism for the organization's offerings that is supported by the number of units in production. Outline a system for determining the optimum price point for each product/service. Based this model on an estimation of the volume of anticipated sales for each offering and variable costs.
definition: 建立基于产量规模的动态定价机制；设计系统化模型，为每项产品/服务确定最优价格点；模型依据各产品的预期销量与可变成本估算构建。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.3
preferred label: 基于销量/单位预测确定定价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Execute pricing plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.4
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Implementing the pricing mechanism to determine prices for all individual offerings in the organizational portfolio. Calculate the prices of all offerings based on the established methodology and/or formulaic structure.
definition: 将定价机制应用于组织全部产品/服务组合，依据既定方法论或公式结构统一计算各单项报价。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.4
preferred label: 执行定价方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate pricing performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.5
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Examining the efficiency of pricing with the objective of identifying any divergence from the equilibrium prices and avoiding any deadweight loss. Gauge the performance of the pricing plan by tracking growth in the revenue and/or customer uptake, secured as a result of new prices. Measure the performance of pricing by periodically checking the profits generated from the sale of each of the organization's offerings against the backdrop of any events that may have influenced the uptake of a certain good/service by the customer base.
definition: 评估定价机制运行效率，识别偏离均衡价格的情形并规避无谓损失；通过追踪收入增长及/或客户采纳率变化，检验新定价策略成效；定期比对各产品/服务销售利润与可能影响客户采纳的相关事件，评估定价绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.5
preferred label: 评估定价效果 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Refine pricing as needed
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.6
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Refining the pricing mechanism to create equitable prices for all products/services with the objective of maximizing the profits and/or customer uptake of these offerings. Reconcile the pricing mechanism in order to achieve equilibrium pricing. Adjust the prices for all of the organization's offerings, using the insights gleaned from examining how much profit or customer uptake is generated by the present pricing strategy.
definition: 优化定价机制，实现所有产品/服务的公平定价，以最大化利润与/或客户采纳率；通过机制调优达成均衡定价；依据现行定价策略所产生的利润或客户采纳数据，统一调整全部产品/服务价格。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.6
preferred label: 根据需要优化定价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Implement promotional pricing programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.7
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Managing schemes that offer lower pricing for a limited time as a promotional and sales incentive when launching a new product or a service.
definition: 设计限时低价促销方案，在新产品或新服务上市阶段作为推广与销售激励手段。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.7
preferred label: 实施促销定价方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Implement other retail pricing programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.8
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Determining the optimum consumer pricing for each product or service at the point of sale, based on production and distribution costs and estimated sales volume.
definition: 基于生产与分销成本及预估销量，在销售终端确定各产品/服务的最优消费者价格。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.8
preferred label: 实施其他零售定价方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate and implement price changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3.9
broader: Develop and manage pricing
definition: Assigning new prices or pricing adjustments to products or services to replace the original base prices. Update the prices in product catalogs and databases, and disseminate the information through all involved distribution and marketing channels.
definition: 对产品/服务实施新定价或价格调整，替代原始基准价；同步更新产品目录与数据库价格信息，并通过所有相关分销与营销渠道发布。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3.9
preferred label: 传达并落实价格调整 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define promotional concepts and objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.1
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Outlining a conceptual framework for all promotional activity in order to create an overarching aspiration and ensure consistency. Create a plan for running promotional programs and designing the associated activities in order to increase visibility or sales. Determine how the organization quantifies what it wishes to achieve from these activities, what sort of messages the organization comfortable publicizing, what channels the organization wishes to employ, etc.
definition: 构建覆盖全部促销活动的概念框架，以确立统一的愿景并确保一致性；制定促销计划及配套活动设计方案，提升品牌曝光度或促进销售；明确组织如何量化促销目标、界定可对外传播的信息内容、选定拟采用的传播渠道等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.1
preferred label: 定义促销概念与目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop marketing messages
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.2
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Developing the central messages for a segment of its customers. Craft concise statements that position the value proposition of individual products/services around the pressing concerns in the market, thereby showing how the organization's offerings are the right fit for the customers.
definition: 针对特定客户群体制定核心传播信息。围绕市场紧迫关切，提炼简洁有力的价值主张陈述，清晰展现组织的产品/服务项目如何精准契合客户需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.2
preferred label: 制定营销信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define target audience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.3
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Determining the appropriate audience to direct marketing efforts at. Identify the particular group of customers to target. Discover the appropriate customer groups at a micro-level. Use techniques such as segmentation analysis, whereby the entire population is sliced according to certain demographic or behavioral attributes.
definition: 精准识别营销活动的目标受众；在微观层面细分客户群体；运用人口统计学或行为特征等维度开展客户细分分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.3
preferred label: 界定目标受众 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan and test promotional activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.4
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Developing a scheme for executing the promotional programs and campaigns, and testing these on sample audiences. Create a program plan, and carry out trials for promotional activities. Develop a scheme for how, when, where, and by whom the promotional schemes and campaigns will be deployed. Design incentives that convince or tempt the consumer to take up the organization's offerings. Conduct focus groups and pilot programs that reach out to a smaller number of people from among the target audiences to validate effectiveness.
definition: 制定促销活动与营销战役的执行方案，并面向样本受众开展测试；编制促销项目计划，实施试点活动；明确促销方案与战役的执行方式、时间、地点及责任主体；设计激励机制以增强消费者采纳意愿；通过焦点小组与小规模试点项目验证方案有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.4
preferred label: 规划并测试促销活动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Execute promotional activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.5
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Executing promotional programs in the market for reaching out to the desired customer segments. Implement the promotional schemes and campaigns. Create collaterals for the dissemination of information about the product, product line, brand, or company to the target audiences in an effective manner. Leverage relationships with distributors, vendors, and retailers. Consider enlisting professional services such as design, PR, and advertising firms.
definition: 面向目标客户群落地执行促销项目；实施促销方案与营销战役；高效制作并分发面向目标受众的产品、产品线、品牌或企业宣传物料；协同分销商、供应商与零售商资源；酌情引入专业服务机构（如设计、公关、广告公司）支持执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.5
preferred label: 执行促销活动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate promotional performance metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.6
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Evaluating the success of promotional programs through metrics that track the impact of these activities. Examine the performance of promotional activities. Measure the success of these programs through metrics representative of customer uptake, market penetration, sustenance of impact created, revenue growth through offerings marketed, etc. Measure through primary data collection. Analyze through various statistical techniques to generate insights.
definition: 依托可衡量指标评估促销成效，追踪活动实际影响；检视促销活动绩效；通过客户采纳率、市场渗透率、影响持续性、营销带动的营收增长等代表性指标衡量效果；开展一手数据采集；运用多元统计方法深度分析，生成业务洞见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.6
preferred label: 评估促销绩效指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Refine promotional performance metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.7
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Fine-tuning promotional activities by employing the insights gleaned from the quantitative, as well as any qualitative, performance evaluations. Change certain attributes of the schemes, campaigns, and programs deployed in order to increase the impact generated, in terms of measures already agreed upon such as customer uptake, market penetration, sustenance of impact created, and revenue growth through offerings marketed.
definition: 基于定量及定性绩效评估结果优化促销活动；调整已部署方案、战役与项目的具体属性，以提升客户采纳率、市场渗透率、影响持续性及营销带动的营收增长等既定指标表现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.7
preferred label: 优化促销绩效指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Incorporate learning into future/planned consumer promotions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4.8
broader: Develop and manage promotional activities
definition: Incorporating the understanding developed by studying promotional activities as well as refining them. Include the best practices and value-enhancing attributes identified in Refine promotional activities [10171] into similarly planned schemes, programs, and campaigns. Adjust promotional activities to further increase the effectiveness of the overall promotional efforts.
definition: 将促销活动研究与优化过程中形成的知识沉淀制度化；将‘优化促销活动’[10171]中识别出的最佳实践与价值提升要素，嵌入同类策划的方案、项目与战役中；持续调优促销活动，全面提升整体促销效能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4.8
preferred label: 将经验融入未来/计划中的消费者促销 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine customer lifetime value
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.5.1
broader: Track customer management measures
definition: Estimating customer loyalty and the average contribution made by them to revenues, over their lifespan. Use metrics to quantify the commitment of customers to the offerings of the organization, such as measures of tendency to switch brands/providers, number/proportion of return customers, and the number of customers using multiple substitutable offerings.
definition: 测算客户忠诚度及其全生命周期平均收入贡献；采用客户品牌/供应商转换倾向、复购客户数量/占比、多产品交叉使用客户数等指标，量化客户对组织产品/服务的承诺程度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.5.1
preferred label: 测算客户终身价值 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer revenue trend
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.5.2
broader: Track customer management measures
definition: Analyzing the revenue stream generated by the sale of the organization's products/services in order to identify trends therein. Examine data relating to the inflow of revenue from individual/groups of customers in order to identify patterns in the generation and sustenance of receivables. Conduct statistical analysis over the stream of revenue collected and the point of origin associated with each unit of sale through metrics such as the accounting rate of return, the GAAP revenue over a given period, and customer lifetime revenue.
definition: 分析组织产品/服务销售所形成的收入流，识别其中趋势；考察单个/群体客户的收入流入数据，识别应收款项的生成与维系规律；结合会计收益率、通用会计准则（GAAP）期间收入、客户终身收入等指标，对收入流及每笔销售来源开展统计分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.5.2
preferred label: 分析客户收入趋势 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer attrition and retention rates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.5.3
broader: Track customer management measures
definition: Calculating measures that capture the proportion of customers the organization is able to retain to those it is losing. Compute metrics such as the tendency to switch brands/providers and the proportion of return customers to comprehend the trends within the customer attrition and retention rates.
definition: 计算客户留存率与流失率之比；通过品牌/供应商转换倾向、复购客户占比等指标，深入理解客户流失与留存趋势。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.5.3
preferred label: 分析客户流失率与留存率 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.5.4
broader: Track customer management measures
definition: Studying all measures of the customer's behavior and conduct toward the organization's offerings in order to glean insight and identify patterns into their decision making. Closely examine all categories of data sets over a customer base. Analyze data points related to customer loyalty, retention, value, conversion, level of satisfaction, attrition, etc. Flesh out measures for an all-encompassing analysis that provides a macro-level picture of the customer's behavior and mindset related to the organization's products/services.
definition: 全面分析客户对组织产品/服务的行为与态度数据，挖掘决策规律与行为模式；系统审视客户数据库全部类别；分析客户忠诚度、留存率、价值、转化率、满意度、流失率等关键数据点；构建涵盖全面的度量体系，呈现客户行为与心智的宏观图景。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.5.4
preferred label: 分析客户相关指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Revise customer strategies, objectives, and plans based on metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.5.5
broader: Track customer management measures
definition: Reviewing and reappraising the strategies, objectives, and plans for all customer-centered processes. Revisit all customer-focused processes and activities--which relate to their acquisition, conversion, and retention--with the objective of revising them in light of customer analysis. Revise accordingly.
definition: 审视并重新评估所有以客户为中心的流程策略、目标与计划；结合客户分析结果，全面复盘客户获取、转化与留存等客户导向型流程及活动，并据此修订优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.5.5
preferred label: 基于指标修订客户策略、目标与计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor and respond to social media activity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.6.1
broader: Analyze and respond to customer insight
definition: Following postings on social media to promote offerings, raise brand awareness, interact with customers, increase customer engagement and brand loyalty, respond to queries, gauge sentiment regarding company's products or services, and to derive customer insight.
definition: 监测社交媒体动态，用于推广产品/服务、提升品牌认知度、开展客户互动、增强客户参与度与品牌忠诚度、及时应答咨询、评估客户对产品/服务的情感倾向，并获取客户洞察。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.6.1
preferred label: 监测并响应社交媒体动态 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer website activity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.6.2
broader: Analyze and respond to customer insight
definition: Examining user activity on company, vendor or reseller websites to improve traffic on and to the website, improve user experience on the website to simplify purchasing process and encourage repeat purchases, and to increase the site's visibility in search engine results. Various metrics can be used to measure user activity, such as number of users who are new, returning or unique, time spent on page, session duration, bounce rate, click through rate, conversion rate, and others.
definition: 分析客户在企业、供应商或经销商网站上的行为数据，以提升网站流量、优化用户体验（简化购买流程、促进重复购买）、提高搜索引擎可见度；常用度量指标包括新访客/回访客/独立访客数量、页面停留时长、会话时长、跳出率、点击率、转化率等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.6.2
preferred label: 分析客户网站行为 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer purchase patterns
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.6.3
broader: Analyze and respond to customer insight
definition: Conducting analyses to uncover customer purchasing habits. Detect patterns and categorize users based on similar characteristics and behaviors, demographic information, geographic location, search history, etc.
definition: 开展客户购买行为分析，识别消费习惯；依据相似特征与行为、人口统计信息、地理位置、搜索历史等维度对用户进行聚类与分类。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.6.3
preferred label: 分析客户购买模式 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop business rules to provide personalized offers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.6.4
broader: Analyze and respond to customer insight
definition: Creating formulas for personalized offers, purchasing recommendations and targeted advertisements for customers on the basis of previously detected purchase patterns [16615].
definition: 基于已识别的购买模式[16615]，构建个性化优惠、购买推荐与定向广告的算法模型。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.6.4
preferred label: 制定个性化优惠业务规则 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor effectiveness of personalized offers and adjust offers accordingly
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.6.5
broader: Analyze and respond to customer insight
definition: Analyzing how well the targeted offers perform to see whether they result in an increased conversion rate. Reanalyze the purchase patterns or modify those business rules that are produce effective recommendations.
definition: 评估定向营销效果，检验其是否有效提升转化率；重新分析购买模式，或优化生成高质推荐的业务规则。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.6.5
preferred label: 监测个性化优惠效果并动态调整 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan packaging strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.7.1
broader: Develop and manage packaging strategy
definition: Creating a strategic road map for how to package products/services into desirable solutions while increasing profitability. Create a scheme for how the organization will bundle and wrap its products/services into a presentable and sellable offering. Consider what aspects or components of an offering the organization can extract the maximum revenue from, and reduce the less profitable constituents while maintaining a high perceptible value for the customers. Balance maximizing profit with benefits to the customer.
definition: 制定提升盈利性的产品/服务包装战略路线图；设计产品/服务打包与封装方案，形成具备市场吸引力与销售力的整合方案；识别可最大化收益的方案构成要素，精简低利润成分，同时维持客户感知价值；平衡利润最大化与客户利益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.7.1
preferred label: 规划包装策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Test packaging options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.7.2
broader: Develop and manage packaging strategy
definition: Piloting the packaged products/services in the market with a test audience. Create trial runs using techniques such as focus groups of the final product, wrapped and bundled.
definition: 面向测试受众开展包装后产品/服务的市场试运行；采用焦点小组等方式对最终包装形态开展实测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.7.2
preferred label: 测试包装方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Execute packaging strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.7.3
broader: Develop and manage packaging strategy
definition: Implementing the final packaging. Put into action the packaging strategy in light of the insights accumulated from testing various options.
definition: 正式实施最终包装方案；依据多轮测试积累的洞察，落地执行包装策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.7.3
preferred label: 实施包装策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Refine packaging
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.7.4
broader: Develop and manage packaging strategy
definition: Fine-tuning the packaging that has been developed and tested using insights gleaned from feedback.
definition: 基于客户反馈洞察，持续微调已开发并验证的包装方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.7.4
preferred label: 优化包装设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop go-to-market strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.8
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Creation of a plan detailing how a company plans to execute a successful product release and promotion, and ultimately its sale to customers.
definition: 制定产品发布与推广的完整执行计划，最终实现向客户的成功销售。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.8
preferred label: 制定上市策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage product images
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.9.1
broader: Manage product marketing material
definition: Producing or overseeing the creation or acquisition of photos, images and graphics for a product description, advertisement or a website. Like the copy [18131], product images are chosen and edited to enhance the product description and to convince consumers to purchase the product.
definition: 负责或统筹产品描述、广告或网站所需的图片、图像与图形素材的制作、采购与编辑；如同文案[18131]，产品图片经精选与修图，旨在强化产品描述说服力，驱动消费者购买决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.9.1
preferred label: 管理产品图片 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage product copy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.9.2
broader: Manage product marketing material
definition: Authoring or overseeing the creation of the textual portion of a product description, advertisement, or web page, including the headline, body, product attributes, and brand or advertiser information. A copy is designed to provide information about the product and to catch and hold the interest of prospective buyers long enough to persuade them to make a purchase. The copy of a website is called its content.
definition: 负责或统筹产品描述、广告或网页的文字内容创作，包括标题、正文、产品属性、品牌或广告主信息；文案旨在传递产品信息，并在有限时间内吸引潜在买家注意力，促使其完成购买；网站文案即为其内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.9.2
preferred label: 管理产品文案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Gather current and historic order information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.1.1
broader: Develop sales forecast
definition: Gathering all information about sales orders into an index. Create a directory of all sales orders, whether open or those which have been fulfilled. Track what product/service was ordered, the quantity ordered, who ordered it, the delivery date, the shipping method, the unit price and line total, payment terms, and any discount applied.
definition: 汇总全部销售订单信息并建立索引；构建涵盖未结与已履约订单的销售订单目录；追踪所订产品/服务、订购数量、订购方、交付日期、运输方式、单价与行项目总额、付款条款及适用折扣等字段。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.1.1
preferred label: 收集当前及历史订单信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze sales trends and patterns
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.1.2
broader: Develop sales forecast
definition: Analyzing sales order data to identify patterns in order to capitalize on emerging trends in the industry or the economy. Closely examine the directory of sales orders. Discern any patterns from this index, which is representative of the demand for the organization's offerings. Identify trends among the various segments of the organization's customer base to create forecasts. Glean patterns from this analysis, including the triangulation of segments that are showing the most growth in demand or those that represent the highest decline revenue, industry-wide trends such as decline/boost in overall demand, and any unusual trends that lie outside of the organization's expectations.
definition: 分析销售订单数据以识别规律，把握行业或经济新趋势；深度审阅销售订单目录；从该需求表征索引中识别模式；按客户细分维度识别趋势，支撑销售预测；提炼分析结论，包括需求增长最快/营收下滑最显著的客户三角细分、行业整体需求升降趋势，以及超出组织预期的异常趋势。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.1.2
preferred label: 分析销售趋势与模式 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Generate sales forecast
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.1.3
broader: Develop sales forecast
definition: Calculating the future demand for the organization's products/services. Use the trends and patterns identified in the sales data to estimate future demand. Use forecast to prepare for future customer demand and to recalibrate the strategic course of functions and business units.
definition: 测算组织产品/服务的未来需求；基于销售数据识别的趋势与模式，估算未来需求；利用预测结果提前应对客户需求，并重新校准各职能与业务单元的战略方向。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.1.3
preferred label: 生成销售预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze historical and planned promotions and events
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.1.4
broader: Develop sales forecast
definition: Reviewing promotional activities' effect on the sales orders. Analyze all promotional events and campaigns that the organization has already employed or is planning to deploy.
definition: 评估促销活动对销售订单的实际影响；全面分析组织已实施或计划开展的各类促销事件与战役。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.1.4
preferred label: 分析历史及计划中的促销与活动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify alliance opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.1
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Identifying collaboration opportunities for selling, marketing, and distributing the organization's products/services. Determine any scope for partnering with other economic agents, with synergies for the marketing, sales, and/or distribution of the organization's products/services. Identify alliance opportunities that target customer segments who would be interested.
definition: 识别在销售、营销与分销环节开展协作的机会；评估与其他经济主体在营销、销售和/或分销组织产品/服务方面的协同潜力；锁定对组织产品/服务感兴趣的客户细分作为联盟目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.1
preferred label: 识别联盟机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop promotional and category management calendars (trade marketing calendars)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.10
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Combining scheduled promotional, category management and trade marketing events into unified timetables. Update the calendars. Register new events.
definition: 整合促销活动、品类管理活动与贸易营销活动日程，形成统一时间表；动态更新日历，登记新增活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.10
preferred label: 编制促销与品类管理日历（贸易营销日历） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create strategic and tactical sales plans by customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.11
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Establishing long term customer sales plans to assess current sales and to determine future sales objectives, strategies for achieving the goals, and available resources.
definition: 制定长期客户销售计划，评估当前销售状况，明确未来销售目标、达成路径及可用资源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.11
preferred label: 按客户制定战略性与战术性销售计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate planning information to customer teams
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.12
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Sending invitations and distributing information about upcoming events to customer teams and other involved entities.
definition: 向客户团队及相关方发送活动邀请函并分发活动信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.12
preferred label: 向客户团队传达规划信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Design alliance programs and methods for selecting and managing relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.2
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Creating the frameworks needed to select alliance partners, and maintaining relationships with them. Create a framework for structured programs that can receive and support multiple alliances. Clearly outline the responsibilities and benefits of the alliance partners. Create frameworks for selecting the right alliance partners, and maintain a relationship with them. Create or repurpose teams of relationship managers and outline a methodology for selecting alliance partners.
definition: 构建联盟伙伴遴选与关系维护框架；设计可承载并支持多类型联盟的结构化项目体系；清晰界定联盟伙伴权责与收益；组建或复用关系管理团队，制定联盟伙伴遴选方法论。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.2
preferred label: 设计联盟项目及合作伙伴遴选与管理机制 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Select alliances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.3
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Choosing alliance partners using the selected programs and methodology. Select the most feasible and profitable alliance partners, based on Design alliance programs and methods for selecting and managing relationships [10139] and through a careful scrutiny of the potential alliance.
definition: 依据既定项目与方法论遴选联盟伙伴；基于‘设计联盟项目及伙伴遴选与关系管理方法’[10139]，结合对潜在联盟的审慎评估，择优选择可行性与盈利性俱佳的合作伙伴。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.3
preferred label: 遴选联盟伙伴 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop customer trade strategy and customer objectives/targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.4
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Implementing category management strategies for customers through the use of consumer insights and understanding of customer specifics. Develop consumer and channel insights. Establish long term strategies, objectives and targets across the brand.
definition: 通过消费者洞察及对客户特性的深入理解，实施面向客户的品类管理策略；开展消费者与渠道洞察分析；制定覆盖全品牌的长期战略、目标与绩效指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.4
preferred label: 制定客户贸易策略及客户目标/指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define trade programs and funding options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.5
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Establishing business-to-business marketing campaigns and financial incentives for wholesalers, dealers, distributors and other intermediaries that the company uses to distribute its products or services.
definition: 面向批发商、经销商、分销商及其他中间渠道合作伙伴，策划并实施B2B营销活动与财务激励方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.5
preferred label: 定义贸易计划及资金支持方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct planning activities for major trade customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.6
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Arranging meetings with trade partners to coordinate logistics, manage critical resources, resolve bottlenecks, and schedule urgent or time-sensitive matters.
definition: 组织与贸易伙伴的协调会议，统筹物流安排、关键资源管理、瓶颈问题解决，以及紧急或时效性强事项的排期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.6
preferred label: 开展重点贸易客户规划活动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop partner and alliance management strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.7
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Designing strategies for effectively managing, identifying, and countering any possible issues from the alliance partnerships formed. Create a strategic road map for managing the partnerships forged through Design alliance programs and methods for selecting and managing relationships [10139]. Determine where the alliance partnerships are headed, possible problems or pushback from the partners, how these issues might be countered, how these alliance partnerships would evolve in the future, any other business cases where these partnerships might be deployed, etc.
definition: 设计联盟伙伴关系的风险识别、应对与管控策略；制定设计联盟计划所构建合作关系的战略路线图，明确合作伙伴遴选与关系管理方法；研判联盟发展方向、潜在阻力或合作方异议、应对举措、未来演进路径，以及该类联盟可拓展的其他业务场景。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.7
preferred label: 制定合作伙伴与联盟管理策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish partner and alliance management goals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.8
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Setting targets for organizational achievement. This includes what the organization aims to achieve from and how it wishes to manage both the individual partners and the alliance as a whole. Set immediate through long-term goals including revenue targets, market penetration, footfall numbers, and geographical coverage.
definition: 设定组织级业绩目标，涵盖对单个合作伙伴及整体联盟的管理预期；设定涵盖短期至长期的多维目标，包括营收目标、市场渗透率、客流量及地理覆盖范围。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.8
preferred label: 设定合作伙伴与联盟管理目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish partner and alliance agreements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2.9
broader: Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
definition: Setting up strategic alliances with key trade partners and ratifying partnership agreements.
definition: 与关键贸易伙伴建立战略合作关系，并签署正式合作协议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2.9
preferred label: 建立合作伙伴与联盟协议 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calculate product market share
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.3.1
broader: Establish overall sales budgets
definition: Determining the percentage of total sales volume in the market for a particular product.
definition: 测算特定产品在目标市场中的销售份额占比。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.3.1
preferred label: 计算产品市场份额 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calculate product revenue
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.3.2
broader: Establish overall sales budgets
definition: Estimating revenue from the sale of products/services. Approximate the anticipated sale of products/services and multiply it by the selling price of the respective offering. (This represents the total amount of money that the organization receives from the sale of its portfolio of offerings.)
definition: 估算产品/服务销售收入：基于预估销量乘以对应售价得出（即组织从其全部产品/服务组合销售中获得的总收入）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.3.2
preferred label: 计算产品收入 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine variable costs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.3.3
broader: Establish overall sales budgets
definition: Calculating the variable costs of production. Approximate those costs that depend on the volume of products/services produced by the organization.
definition: 核算生产可变成本：估算随产品/服务产量变动而变化的成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.3.3
preferred label: 确定可变成本 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine overhead and fixed costs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.3.4
broader: Establish overall sales budgets
definition: Calculating the overhead costs associated with selling the organization's products/services. Determine fixed costs that are not directly related to the volume of products/services processed or the sale of these offerings (e.g., expense over machinery and equipment).
definition: 核算销售相关间接费用：确定与产品/服务处理量或销售量无直接关联的固定成本（如设备与机械折旧等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.3.4
preferred label: 确定间接费用与固定成本 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calculate net profit
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.3.5
broader: Establish overall sales budgets
definition: Calculating the net income. Calculate the organization's profitability by accounting for Determine overhead and fixed costs [10145] and Determine variable costs [10144].
definition: 计算净利润：综合考虑间接费用与固定成本（[10145]）、可变成本（[10144]），核算组织盈利能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.3.5
preferred label: 计算净利润 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create budget
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.3.6
broader: Establish overall sales budgets
definition: Creating a plan in measurable terms for the financial outlay that best captures resource allocation for the sales forecast. Consider the outlay of capital, HR, raw materials, and provisions needed to reach sales targets.
definition: 以可量化方式制定销售预算计划，精准反映资本、人力资本（HR）、原材料及必要保障资源的配置，以支撑销售目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.3.6
preferred label: 编制预算 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish sales goals and measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.4
broader: Develop sales strategy
definition: Establishing specific quantitative and qualitative measures of realizing sales targets. Create sales targets by analyzing historical sales data and comparing the forecasts to results, in light of customer and market intelligence. Examine the performance of sales personnel in light of market opportunities. Based on this review, establish sales targets along with metrics to quantify these goals, corresponding with the overall business strategy.
definition: 建立实现销售目标的定量与定性衡量体系：基于历史销售数据、客户与市场情报，结合预测与实际结果对比，设定销售目标；结合市场机会评估销售团队绩效，并据此制定与整体业务战略一致的销售目标及配套量化指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.4
preferred label: 设定销售目标与衡量指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish customer management measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.5
broader: Develop sales strategy
definition: Identifying the appropriate measures that can represent key attributes of the customer management function. Select measures to track customer activity, feedback, satisfaction, organizational responsiveness to customer needs, and general data on how the organization is managing customer accounts, leads, and contacts. Build on customer and market intelligence to identify metrics gauging aspects related to customer management. Select measures based on the nature of the business, the type and size of customer base, strategic goals, and the model used to structure sales and customer relationships.
definition: 甄选能有效表征客户管理职能核心特征的关键指标：选取用于追踪客户行为、反馈、满意度、组织响应速度，以及客户账户、线索与联系人管理状况的指标；依托客户与市场情报，构建客户管理相关维度的度量体系；指标选择需兼顾业务性质、客户规模与结构、战略目标，以及销售与客户关系管理模式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.5
preferred label: 设定客户管理衡量指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify potential customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.1
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Identifying people who can be converted into customers. Leverage personal and professional networks, business research over databases and directories, and secondary research.
definition: 识别具备转化潜力的目标人群：借助个人与职业网络、数据库及名录商业调研、二手资料研究等途径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.1
preferred label: 识别潜在客户 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify/receive leads/opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.2
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Qualifying the prospective customers into credible leads by gauging their behavior against the organization's offering. Triangulate leads to increase the efficiency of sales and marketing efforts. Build a detailed profile of the prospects. Determine what products/services they already use, if they have decision-making authority, their views on the products/services they already use, how prone they are to switch, if the organization's solution better in some attributes than those prospects currently use, etc.
definition: 依据组织产品/服务匹配度对潜在客户开展线索资质评估；采用三角验证法提升销售与营销效率；构建详尽的客户画像，分析其现有使用的产品/服务、决策权限、对现有方案的评价、转换意愿、我方解决方案相较其当前选择的优势维度等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.2
preferred label: 识别/获取销售线索/商机 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Validate and qualify leads/opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.3
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Reviewing the set of potential customers and sales opportunities. Approve the leads that meet company requirements on new businesses.
definition: 评审潜在客户清单与销售机会池，批准符合公司新业务准入标准的线索。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.3
preferred label: 验证并甄别销售线索/商机 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Match opportunities to business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.4
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Aligning sales leads with business objectives.
definition: 将销售线索与企业战略目标对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.4
preferred label: 将商机与业务战略匹配 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop opportunity win plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.5
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Creating plans about how to close leads and win sales opportunities.
definition: 制定线索转化与销售机会赢取的具体行动计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.5
preferred label: 制定商机赢标计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage opportunity pipeline
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.6
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Overseeing and planning the acquisition of new customers.
definition: 统筹规划新客户获取全过程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.6
preferred label: 管理商机管道 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine sales resource allocation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.7
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Planning the distribution of personnel across various sales functions. Match the capabilities of individual employees with the skill sets needed for specific roles. Seek assistance from HR.
definition: 统筹销售职能人员配置：按岗位能力需求匹配员工专长，必要时协同人力资本（HR）部门支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.7
preferred label: 确定销售资源配置 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform sales calls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.8.1
broader: Manage customer sales calls
definition: Communicating with customers and prospects with the intent of creating sales opportunities. Reach out to existing and prospective customers through alternate media and networking channels, apart from cold calling/emailing.
definition: 主动触达客户与潜在客户，创造销售机会：除电话/邮件外，通过多元媒体与社交网络渠道开展沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.8.1
preferred label: 执行销售拜访 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Perform pre-sales activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.8.2
broader: Manage customer sales calls
definition: Capitalizing on sales calls by pitching on bids and closing deals. Outline the nature and scope of the work, draft agreement terms, prepare proposals and agreements, and propose timelines and prices.
definition: 高效转化销售拜访成果：精准推介方案、推动签约落地；明确工作范围与内容、拟定协议条款、编制提案与合同文本、提出交付周期与报价方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.8.2
preferred label: 开展售前活动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage customer meetings/workshops
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.8.3
broader: Manage customer sales calls
definition: Arranging and leading meetings, seminars, workshops and training events with customers to educate them about current offerings, best practices and technological advances to provide more value to customers and to increase their attrition and loyalty.
definition: 面向客户组织并主持会议、研讨会、工作坊及培训活动，宣贯现有产品/服务、最佳实践与技术进展，提升客户价值感知、降低流失率、增强忠诚度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.8.3
preferred label: 管理客户会议/研讨会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Close the sale
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.8.4
broader: Manage customer sales calls
definition: Formalizing a sale by reaching an agreement on terms of the deal. Negotiate on the price, and reach a consensus on the terms and conditions.
definition: 通过协商达成交易条款，正式确认销售意向：就价格及合同条款与条件开展谈判并形成共识。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.8.4
preferred label: 完成销售签约 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Record outcome of sales process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.8.5
broader: Manage customer sales calls
definition: Completing all the paper-work associated with the sale of its products/services. Exchange any pertinent legal/financial information required for completing the sale, signing of a contract/work-order, and issuing copies of bills/invoices.
definition: 完成销售全流程文书工作：交换完成交易所需的法律/财务文件，签署合同或工单，并开具发票/账单副本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.8.5
preferred label: 记录销售流程结果 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Select key customers/accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2.1
broader: Manage customers and accounts
definition: Choosing principal clients that are vital for the company.
definition: 甄选对公司具有战略价值的核心客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2.1
preferred label: 遴选关键客户/账户 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop sales/key account plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2.2
broader: Manage customers and accounts
definition: Creating a plan for managing the accounts of key customers in order to better maintain relationships with them. Chart a scheme for managing sales. Create a plan for administering accounts of the significant and most important customers of the organization. Coordinate the accounts of principal clients.
definition: 制定核心客户账户管理计划，强化客户关系维系；绘制销售管理路线图；针对组织最重要客户制定专属账户管理方案；统筹核心客户账户协同管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2.2
preferred label: 制定销售/关键客户账户计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage sales/key account plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2.3
broader: Manage customers and accounts
definition: Handling the accounts of important clients.
definition: 开展重点客户账户日常运营管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2.3
preferred label: 管理销售/关键客户账户计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage customer relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2.4
broader: Manage customers and accounts
definition: Managing the organization's relationship with its customers, by systematically coordinating interactions over multiple touch points, on a regular basis. Coordinate the organization's efforts to reach out to its customers. Create and manage effective touch points for interactions from the customers, which could include emails, social-media interactions, newsletters, and direct conversations.
definition: 系统化管理客户关系：定期、跨触点统筹客户交互；整合组织面向客户的各项触达行动；构建并维护高效客户互动触点，包括电子邮件、社交媒体互动、电子简报及面对面沟通等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2.4
preferred label: 管理客户关系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collect and merge internal and third-party customer information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2.5.1
broader: Manage customer master data
definition: Gathering the data about customers. Combine the information available locally with the data obtained from external sources.
definition: 整合客户数据采集：融合本地已有信息与外部来源获取的数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2.5.1
preferred label: 收集并整合内外部客户信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

De-duplicate customer data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2.5.2
broader: Manage customer master data
definition: Eliminating redundant information in customer data.
definition: 消除客户数据中的冗余信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2.5.2
preferred label: 客户数据去重 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Receive Request For Proposal (RFP)/Request For Quote (RFQ)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.1
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Accepting procurement proposals.
definition: 接收采购提案 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.1
preferred label: 接收招标书（RFP）/询价单（RFQ） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct profitability analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.10
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Reviewing profitability data. Analyze systematically all relevant metrics and parameters. Report findings and make recommendations for changes to operational strategies.
definition: 审核盈利能力数据；系统分析所有相关指标与参数；形成报告并就运营策略调整提出建议 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.10
preferred label: 开展盈利性分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage internal reviews
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.11
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Overseeing the internal review process.
definition: 监督内部评审流程 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.11
preferred label: 组织内部评审 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage internal approvals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.12
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Obtaining required company-internal authorizations.
definition: 获取公司内部所需的审批授权 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.12
preferred label: 管理内部审批 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Submit/present bid/proposal/quote to customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.13
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Delivering the proposal to the potential client.
definition: 向潜在客户递交提案 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.13
preferred label: 向客户提交或演示投标/方案/报价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Revise bid/proposal/quote
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.14
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Amending bids, proposals or quotes with more accurate time, cost or delivery estimates.
definition: 根据更准确的时间、成本或交付估算，修订投标、提案或报价 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.14
preferred label: 修订投标/方案/报价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage notification outcome
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.15
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Handling proposals depending on whether they were accepted or rejected.
definition: 依据提案是否被接受或拒绝，开展相应后续处理 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.15
preferred label: 管理结果通知 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Refine customer requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.2
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Clarifying the details about procurement requests, such as the scope, timeline, data sources, type and characteristics and evaluation criteria for the goods or services to be delivered, and any additional terms, conditions or special requirements.
definition: 澄清采购需求的细节，包括范围、时间表、数据来源、拟交付商品或服务的类型与特征、评估标准，以及任何附加条款、条件或特殊要求 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.2
preferred label: 细化客户需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Review RFP/RFQ request
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.3
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Evaluating individual price and delivery solicitations for their strengths and weaknesses. Analyze how closely the submitted bids respond to the requirements outlined in the RFPs.
definition: 评估各价格与交付邀标方案的优劣势；分析所提交投标对RFP中各项要求的响应程度 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.3
preferred label: 评审招标书（RFP）/询价单（RFQ）请求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform competitive analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.4
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Comparing the proposals submitted by different bidders in terms of cost, efficiency and value.
definition: 从成本、效率与价值维度对比不同投标方提交的提案 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.4
preferred label: 开展竞争分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Validate with strategy/business plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.5
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Assessing the business strategy, forecasted performance, financing and cash flow of the proposals.
definition: 评估提案所涉业务战略、预测绩效、融资能力及现金流状况 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.5
preferred label: 与战略及业务计划对齐验证 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Understand customer business and requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.6
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Deepening knowledge about the customer's field of operation and business needs.
definition: 深化对客户所在行业及业务需求的理解 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.6
preferred label: 理解客户业务与需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop solution and delivery approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.7
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Creating a plan with detailed steps about how produce and deliver the goods or services.
definition: 制定详细的产品或服务生产与交付执行计划 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.7
preferred label: 制定解决方案与交付方法 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify staffing requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.8
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Determining the needs for internal resources and vacancies.
definition: 确定内部资源需求及岗位空缺情况 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.8
preferred label: 识别人员配置需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop pricing and scheduling estimates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3.9
broader: Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
definition: Establishing predicted delivery costs, fees and timelines.
definition: 预估交付成本、费用及时间周期 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3.9
preferred label: 编制定价与进度估算 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Accept and validate sales orders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.1
broader: Manage sales orders
definition: Receiving and confirming orders from customers. Verify that no extra expenses have to be disbursed on part of the organization for labor or inventory when processing the order.
definition: 接收并确认客户订单；核实订单处理过程中组织是否需额外承担人工或库存成本 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.1
preferred label: 接收并校验销售订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Administer key account details
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.1
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Managing essential information of customer accounts.
definition: 管理客户账户核心信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.1
preferred label: 管理关键客户信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Retrieve full customer details
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.2
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Obtaining detailed information about customers.
definition: 获取客户详细信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.2
preferred label: 调取完整客户信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Modify involved party details
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.3
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Altering information about involved parties.
definition: 修改相关方信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.3
preferred label: 修改相关方信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Record address details
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.4
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Documenting address information.
definition: 记录地址信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.4
preferred label: 记录地址信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Record contact details
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.5
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Documenting contact information.
definition: 记录联系人信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.5
preferred label: 记录联系人信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Record key customer communication profile details
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.6
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Providing information about important business rules regarding communicating with customers.
definition: 提供关于客户沟通重要业务规则的信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.6
preferred label: 记录关键客户沟通画像信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Review involved party information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.7
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Revising information about involved parties.
definition: 更新相关方信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.7
preferred label: 审核相关方信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Terminate involved party information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2.8
broader: Collect and maintain account information
definition: Dismissing information about involved parties.
definition: 注销相关方信息 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2.8
preferred label: 终止相关方信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Determine availability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.3
broader: Manage sales orders
definition: Ascertaining the volume or scale of products/services to provide to customers to fulfill sales orders. Check the finished products stored in warehouses, the production capacity, and (in the case of services) the processing speed, as well as work force availability.
definition: 核定满足销售订单所需的产品/服务数量或规模；核查仓库成品库存、生产能力，以及（针对服务）处理速度与人力资源可用性 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.3
preferred label: 确认资源可用性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine fulfillment process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.4
broader: Manage sales orders
definition: Devising a blueprint for order fulfillment. Create a schematic flow encompassing all activities to deliver orders to the customers. Outline a procedure for satisfying these orders by answering questions about what needs to happen in sequence to realize an order.
definition: 设计订单履约蓝图；构建涵盖全部交付活动的流程图；明确实现订单所需的顺序化操作步骤 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.4
preferred label: 确定履约流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process back orders and updates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.5
broader: Manage sales orders
definition: Processing any unfulfilled orders, and updating the status of any orders that have been accepted and are being attended to. Deliver on any purchase orders that remain unserviced due to temporary unavailability of the product/service. Manage any updates to the sales orders. Revise their status in the order system.
definition: 处理未履约订单，并更新已受理且正在执行的订单状态；对因产品/服务暂时缺货而未能及时履行的采购订单予以补发；管理销售订单变更，并在订单系统中同步更新其状态 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.5
preferred label: 处理缺货订单及更新 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Handle sales order inquiries including post-order fulfillment transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.6
broader: Manage sales orders
definition: Attending to any queries received from the customers, even after a sales order has been serviced. Deploy ad hoc personnel for managing these enquiries.
definition: 在销售订单履约完成后，继续响应客户咨询；视需调配临时人员处理此类问询 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.6
preferred label: 处理销售订单查询（含履约后交易） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide product tracking
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.7
broader: Manage sales orders
definition: Providing visibility into the status and progress of products associated with customer orders to support order fulfillment, customer communication, and issue resolution.
definition: 提供客户订单关联产品的实时状态与进度可视性，以支持订单履约、客户服务及问题解决 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.7
preferred label: 提供产品追踪服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide certification enablement training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5.1.1
broader: Provide sales and product/service training to sales partners/alliances
definition: Provide training and certification to develop strategies for marketing-driven sales.
definition: 提供培训与认证，助力构建以营销驱动的销售策略 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5.1.1
preferred label: 提供认证赋能培训 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage certifications and skills
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5.1.2
broader: Provide sales and product/service training to sales partners/alliances
definition: Reviewing, processing and issuing certifications and accrediting skills and competencies.
definition: 审核、处理并颁发认证，认可合作伙伴的技能与能力 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5.1.2
preferred label: 管理认证与技能资质 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Provide support to partners/alliances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5.1.3
broader: Provide sales and product/service training to sales partners/alliances
definition: Backing sales partners and strategic alliances.
definition: 支持销售合作伙伴与战略联盟 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5.1.3
preferred label: 为合作伙伴/联盟提供支持 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Provide marketing materials to sales partners/alliances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5.2
broader: Manage sales partners and alliances
definition: Distributing marketing materials and sales brochures to entities that the company partners with.
definition: 向公司合作方分发营销材料与销售手册 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5.2
preferred label: 向销售合作伙伴/联盟提供营销资料 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate partner/alliance results
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5.3
broader: Manage sales partners and alliances
definition: Examining the performance of its partners/alliances in selling its products/services. Use metrics such as growth in revenue generated, conversion rate, and total outreach to customers for assessing the performance results.
definition: 评估合作伙伴/联盟在销售本组织产品/服务方面的绩效；采用营收增长率、转化率、客户触达总量等指标衡量绩效结果 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5.3
preferred label: 评估合作伙伴/联盟绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage sales partner/alliance master data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5.4
broader: Manage sales partners and alliances
definition: Managing the repository of data relating to the organization's partners/alliances over time. Store, maintain, access, revise, and use all data on partners/alliances. Manage data. Ensure its security. Determine legitimate use cases that are beneficial to the organization.
definition: 管理组织合作伙伴/联盟关系的长期数据仓库：存储、维护、访问、修订和使用所有合作伙伴/联盟相关数据；确保数据安全；识别并界定有利于组织的合法使用场景。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5.4
preferred label: 管理销售合作伙伴/联盟主数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform sales at physical outlets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.6
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Execution of sales at physical / brick and mortar locations.
definition: 在实体门店（线下门店）执行销售。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.6
preferred label: 开展实体渠道销售 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Perform field sales
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.7
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Execution of sales within field/remote locations. This could be any location that is not part of a headquarters location.
definition: 在实地/远程场所执行销售（不含总部所在地的任何场所）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.7
preferred label: 开展外勤销售 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Perform digital sales
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.8
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Execution of sales in an online environment.
definition: 在在线环境中执行销售。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.8
preferred label: 开展数字化销售 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define manufacturing goals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.1
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Creating quantifiable strategic objectives for each manufacturing segment in conjunction with sales projections.
definition: 结合销售预测，为各制造业务单元设定可量化的战略目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.1
preferred label: 设定制造目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define labor and materials policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.2
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Setting up internal rules and regulations regarding the employees and the materials.
definition: 制定关于员工与物料的内部规章制度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.2
preferred label: 制定人力与物料政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define outsourcing policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.3
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Creating rules and regulations regarding contracting out of a business process to another party in order to reduce costs.
definition: 制定业务流程外包规则，以降低成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.3
preferred label: 制定外包政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define capital expense policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.4
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Designing rules and regulations pertaining to the expenditure incurred in acquiring or upgrading the existing stock of manufacturing capital.
definition: 制定关于购置或升级现有制造资本所涉支出的规章制度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.4
preferred label: 制定资本性支出政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define capacities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.5
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Outlining the manufacturing and processing capacities of the organization. Delineate the capabilities required for optimizing output with available resources. Analyze capabilities possessed by the organization concerning the raw materials required and the process necessitated for producing finished products.
definition: 明确组织的制造与加工能力；界定优化现有资源产出所需的能力；分析组织在原材料获取及成品制造工艺方面所具备的能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.5
preferred label: 设定产能 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define production network and supply constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.6
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Defining limitations in the ability of the organization's supply chain to deliver a new stock, and creating a network of production stakeholders. Frame and manage relationships within the flow of manufacturing and processing operations. Identify probable supply issues.
definition: 界定组织供应链交付新库存的能力限制，构建生产利益相关方网络；统筹管理制造与加工流程中的各方关系；识别潜在供应风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.6
preferred label: 设定生产网络与供应约束条件 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define production process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.7
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Outlining the scheme of processing inventory into finished products/services. This includes the use of raw materials, machinery, skill sets, and knowledge to create new offerings.
definition: 规划将库存转化为成品/服务的加工流程，涵盖原材料、设备、技能与知识等要素，以开发新产品或服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.7
preferred label: 定义生产工艺 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define standard operating procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.8
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Establishing or prescribing methods to be followed routinely for the performance of designated operations or in designated situations. This may include step-by-step instructions to help workers carry out complex routine operations. The goal is to improve efficiency, quality, and uniformity of performance, while reducing miscommunication, failure, or rework.
definition: 建立或规定特定作业或特定情境下须常规遵循的操作方法，包括分步操作指南，以提升效率、质量与执行一致性，并减少沟通失误、失败或返工。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.8
preferred label: 制定标准作业规程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define production workplace layout and infrastructure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1.9
broader: Develop production and materials strategies
definition: Determining the floor plans for the processing facility that is meant for delivering finished products/services. Identify the totality of infrastructure needed for using this space in the manufacturing process, including machinery, factory floors, offices, and furniture.
definition: 确定用于交付成品/服务的加工设施布局方案；识别制造过程中该空间所需的全部基础设施，包括设备、厂房、办公区及家具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1.9
preferred label: 规划生产场所布局与基础设施 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify and assess source requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP2
broader: Plan Source
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Source'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划采购’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.10.1
preferred label: 识别并评估采购需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Balance source resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP2
broader: Plan Source
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Source'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划采购’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.10.2
preferred label: 平衡采购资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish sourcing plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP2
broader: Plan Source
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Source'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划采购’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.10.3
preferred label: 制定采购计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify transformation requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP3
broader: Plan Transform
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Transform'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划制造’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.11.1
preferred label: 识别制造（转化）需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Balance transformation resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP3
broader: Plan Transform
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Transform'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划制造’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.11.2
preferred label: 平衡制造（转化）资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish transformation plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP3
broader: Plan Transform
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Transform'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划制造’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.11.3
preferred label: 制定制造（转化）计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify order management requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP4
broader: Plan Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划订单’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.12.1
preferred label: 识别订单管理需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Balance order resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP4
broader: Plan Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划订单’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.12.2
preferred label: 平衡订单资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish order plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP4
broader: Plan Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划订单’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.12.3
preferred label: 制定订单计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify fulfillment requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP5
broader: Plan Fulfill
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Fulfill'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划履约’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.13.1
preferred label: 识别履约需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Balance fulfillment resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP5
broader: Plan Fulfill
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Fulfill'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划履约’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.13.2
preferred label: 平衡履约资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish fulfillment plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP5
broader: Plan Fulfill
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Fulfill'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0「规划履约」活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.13.3
preferred label: 制定履约计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assess return requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP6
broader: Plan Return
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Return'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0「规划退货」活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.14.1
preferred label: 评估退货需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Balance return resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP6
broader: Plan Return
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Return'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0「规划退货」活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.14.2
preferred label: 统筹退货资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish return plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP6
broader: Plan Return
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Return'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0「规划退货」活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.14.3
preferred label: 制定退货计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

AI-Powered Demand Forecasting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Demand Forecasting.
definition: AI时代活动：AI驱动的需求预测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.15
preferred label: 人工智能驱动的需求预测（AI-Powered Demand Forecasting） @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop baseline demand forecasts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2.1
broader: Manage demand for products
definition: Identify the bedrock levels of market demand anticipated for the organization's products/services. Estimate future demand for product and services using historical data, analysis of the market environment and any externalities, etc. to create ex ante approximations. This includes operation planning.
definition: 识别组织产品/服务的市场基础需求水平；利用历史数据、市场环境分析及外部因素等开展前瞻性估算，形成事前需求预测，涵盖运营规划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2.1
preferred label: 编制基础需求预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collaborate demand with customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2.2
broader: Manage demand for products
definition: Working closely with the organization's customers to understand their drives and behavior, with the objective of estimating future demand. Reach out to customers through various means to understand their behavior patterns, usage elasticity, and degree of variability--and ultimately determine demand for each offering.
definition: 紧密协同客户，深入理解其驱动因素与行为特征，以预估未来需求；通过多种渠道接触客户，掌握其行为模式、使用弹性及波动程度，最终确定各产品/服务的需求量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2.2
preferred label: 与客户协同开展需求管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop demand consensus forecast
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2.3
broader: Manage demand for products
definition: Arriving at a consensus over the forecasted levels of demand for products/services. Consensus is achieved by juxtaposing decisions developed in the baseline forecast with those reached at by collaborating with customers. Enlist senior-level decision makers of the sales and marketing functions.
definition: 就产品/服务需求预测达成共识：将基准预测结果与客户协同预测结果进行比对整合，并邀请销售与市场营销职能的高层决策者参与。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2.3
preferred label: 形成需求共识预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine available to promise
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2.4
broader: Manage demand for products
definition: Identify the volume of products/services that may be committed for delivery to fulfill sales. Figure out the amount of stock available. Forecast its volumes.
definition: 确定可用于履约销售的可承诺产品/服务数量；盘点现有库存；预测库存数量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2.4
preferred label: 确定可承诺量（ATP） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor activity against demand forecast and revise forecast
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2.5
broader: Manage demand for products
definition: Picking out any activity that deviates from the forecast, and adjusting it. Closely track and study the levels of demand as they emerge. Refine the consensus forecast as needed.
definition: 识别偏离预测的实际需求活动并及时调整；动态跟踪与分析实际需求变化；按需优化共识预测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2.5
preferred label: 监控实际业务活动与需求预测的偏差并更新预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate and revise demand forecasting approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2.6
broader: Manage demand for products
definition: Examining the methodology used to estimate future demand. Refine it in light of current market realities and demand.
definition: 审查需求预测方法论，并结合当前市场现实与需求动态予以优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2.6
preferred label: 评估并优化需求预测方法 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Measure demand forecast accuracy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2.7
broader: Manage demand for products
definition: Calculating and inspecting the accuracy of demand forecasts. Use metrics to check the reliability of the forecasts created.
definition: 计算并评估需求预测的准确性，运用指标检验预测结果的可靠性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2.7
preferred label: 衡量需求预测准确率 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create unconstrained plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.3.1
broader: Create materials plan
definition: Developing a plan for raw materials and other inventory items in order to meet market demand. Ensure the availability of all inventory items such as raw materials and spares. Create a blueprint in line with Define labor and materials policies [10230].
definition: 制定满足市场需求的原材料及其他库存物品计划；确保原材料、备件等各类库存的可用性；依据「制定人力与物料政策 [10230]」编制规划蓝图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.3.1
preferred label: 制定无约束计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collaborate with supplier and contract manufacturers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.3.2
broader: Create materials plan
definition: Collaborating with vendors and contractual manufacturers with the objective of ensuring a continual supply of raw materials and spares. Leverage long-term connections/relationships with various suppliers, and cultivate new ones. Track the activities of all vendors. Receive regular updates to prepare for any fluctuations in supply.
definition: 协同供应商与合约制造商，保障原材料与备件持续供应；依托长期供应商关系，同时拓展新合作渠道；全程跟踪供应商活动，定期获取更新信息，以应对供应波动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.3.2
preferred label: 与供应商及委托制造商协同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify critical materials and supplier capacity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.3.3
broader: Create materials plan
definition: Identifying principal materials needed for the manufacturing process and the levels of supply that may be ensured for them. Determine the essential and crucial inventory items required for the smooth functioning of all manufacturing processes. Estimate the average, peak, and baseline capacities of various vendors and suppliers. Establish the capability of individual suppliers from the market and the vendors.
definition: 识别制造过程所需的核心物料及其可保障供应水平；确定保障各制造环节顺畅运行所必需的关键库存品类；估算各供应商与供货商的平均、峰值及基础供应能力；评估市场中各供应商及自有供应商的实际履约能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.3.3
preferred label: 识别关键物料及供应商产能 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor material specifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.3.4
broader: Create materials plan
definition: Observing and surveying all inventory items in order to check for the veracity of their specifications. Monitor various attributes and characteristics for respective inventory items such as density, volume, and size, as well as contextualized specifications particular to the respective materials.
definition: 全面核查所有库存物品规格的真实性；监测各类库存物品的密度、体积、尺寸等属性，以及针对不同物料的特定上下文规格。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.3.4
preferred label: 监控物料规格 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Generate constrained plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.3.5
broader: Create materials plan
definition: Generating a bounded plan that takes stock of the actual supply chain scenario. Take stock of all information collected while creating an inventory supply plan.
definition: 制定兼顾实际供应链状况的约束性供应计划；汇总整合库存供应计划编制过程中收集的全部信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.3.5
preferred label: 生成有约束计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define production balance and control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.3.6
broader: Create materials plan
definition: Defining an equitable volume for the production of products/services that adheres to an equilibrium value, and creating a scheme of control for processing items. Create schematics for systematically planning, coordinating, and directing the manufacturing activities in line with the production balance determined.
definition: 设定符合供需均衡原则的产品/服务产量，并建立加工品管控机制；制定系统化方案，统筹规划、协调与指挥制造活动，落实既定产能平衡目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.3.6
preferred label: 设定生产平衡与管控机制 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Model production network to enable simulation and optimization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.4.1
broader: Create and manage master production schedule
definition: Create representative logical system that provides the framework to attain strategic objectives based on resources, product volumes, and processes. Provides the general sequential flow and capacity requirement relationships among raw materials, parts, resources, finished products, and product families.
definition: 构建代表性逻辑系统，作为实现战略目标的框架，统筹资源、产品数量与工艺；明确原材料、零部件、资源、成品及产品族之间的总体流程顺序与产能需求关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.4.1
preferred label: 构建生产网络模型以支持仿真与优化 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create master production schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.4.2
broader: Create and manage master production schedule
definition: Creating the plan for internal activities such as production, inventory, and staffing. Include forecasted quantity of items to produce based on inputs from sales planning, demand planning/forecasting, and supply chain partners.
definition: 制定涵盖生产、库存与人员配置的内部活动计划；依据销售规划、需求规划/预测及供应链伙伴输入，确定各产品生产数量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.4.2
preferred label: 制定主生产计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Maintain master production schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.4.3
broader: Create and manage master production schedule
definition: Supervising and overseeing the plan for internal activities such as production, inventory, and staffing. Set the quantity of items to produce each week of a short-range planning horizon.
definition: 监督与管控涵盖生产、库存与人员配置的内部活动计划；在短期规划周期内，逐周设定产品生产数量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.4.3
preferred label: 维护主生产计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Maintain master data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.1
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Maintaining and preserving the master data plan for distribution requirements. Create a systematic collection of facts and figures regarding the distribution of the inventories. Maintain policies, processes, and tools covering the distribution function.
definition: 维护与更新分销需求主数据计划；系统性采集与整理库存分销相关数据；制定并维护覆盖分销职能的政策、流程与工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.1
preferred label: 维护主数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage partner load plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.10
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Administering the load plan for partners. Manage the delivery, and dispatch from the source to the partners.
definition: 管理面向合作伙伴的载荷计划。统筹从源头向合作伙伴的交付与发运。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.10
preferred label: 管理合作伙伴装车计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage cost of supply
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.11
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Managing all expenses to provide products/services in the market. Estimate the overall cost of supplying of products/inventory, including the cost distributing it through various partners and channels. Consider the cost of all the logistical processes that occur from the moment a product is ready to be dispatched to the time it reaches the destination.
definition: 管控产品和服务进入市场的全部成本。估算产品/库存供应总成本，包括通过各类合作伙伴及渠道进行分销的成本，以及自产品具备发运条件至抵达目的地全过程所涉及的所有物流环节成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.11
preferred label: 管理供应成本 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage capacity utilization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.12
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Determining the capacity utilization of the organization's production process. Realize the extent to which an enterprise uses its installed productive capacity (i.e., the relationship between output and the potential output if capacity was fully used).
definition: 评估组织生产流程的产能利用率。衡量企业对其已安装生产能力的实际利用程度（即实际产出与满负荷产能之间的比率）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.12
preferred label: 管理产能利用率 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine finished goods inventory requirements at destination
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.2
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Interact with the concerned person at the destination to validate the requirements and to avoid any miscommunication of information.
definition: 与终端客户指定对接人沟通，核实需求信息，避免信息误传。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.2
preferred label: 确定目的地成品库存需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine product storage facility requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.3
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Evaluate constraints, needs, parameters, and conditions for physical storage and retrieval of components or products for future use or shipment in a storage facility within a certain timeframe.
definition: 评估仓储设施中组件或产品的物理存储与提取约束条件、需求、参数及时间要求，以支持后续使用或发运。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.3
preferred label: 确定产品仓储设施需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calculate requirements at destination
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.4
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Interact with the concerned authority at the destination to reach a specific figure that correctly represents requirements.
definition: 与终端客户指定主管部门沟通，共同确认准确反映实际需求的具体数值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.4
preferred label: 计算目的地需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calculate consolidation at source
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.5
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Determining the aggregate volume of products/services consolidated at the source. Calculate the number of finished products that are ready to be delivered to the customers, particularly at one date.
definition: 确定源头整合的产品和服务总量。统计在某一特定日期已准备交付给客户的成品数量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.5
preferred label: 在源头计算合并数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage collaborative replenishment planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.6
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Administering the plan for collaborative replenishment of goods. Replenish inventory by creating a plan in case of faulty production.
definition: 管理协同补货计划。在生产异常情况下制定库存补货计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.6
preferred label: 管理协同补货计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calculate and optimize destination dispatch plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.7
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Estimating the timing and duration of the delivery of the inventory from the source to the destination. Plan the logistic details of all the distribution routes and activities.
definition: 预估库存从源头至目的地的运输时效与周期。统筹规划所有分销路线及物流活动细节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.7
preferred label: 计算并优化目的地发运计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage dispatch plan attainment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.8
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Accomplishing the dispatch plan. Strictly follow the schedule, and adjust for deviations. Coordinate with the concerned authorities at various destinations.
definition: 执行发运计划。严格遵照既定日程，及时纠偏，并协调各目的地相关方。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.8
preferred label: 管理发运计划达成率 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calculate and optimize destination load plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5.9
broader: Plan distribution requirements
definition: Evaluating the plans for delivering loads to destinations. Create a systematic plan that specifies the load plans for every single destination.
definition: 评估面向各目的地的载荷配送计划。制定系统化计划，明确每个目的地的具体载荷安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5.9
preferred label: 计算并优化目的地装车计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish distribution center layout constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.6.1
broader: Establish distribution planning constraints
definition: Instituting the constraints for creating a layout for distribution center. Consider factors such as the number of customers, demand forecasting, product groups, condition of product conservation, warehousing, and transportation management.
definition: 设定分销中心布局设计的约束条件。综合考虑客户数量、需求预测、产品类别、产品保质要求、仓储管理及运输管理等因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.6.1
preferred label: 制定配送中心布局约束条件 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish inventory management constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.6.2
broader: Establish distribution planning constraints
definition: Determining any problems that might be faced while managing inventory. Identify problems and possible issues in managing the warehousing of the raw materials, spares, and other items of inventory. Take stock of inventory needs, and determine the exact quantity of the inventory needed in the near future.
definition: 识别库存管理中可能面临的问题。排查原材料、备件及其他库存物资在仓储管理中的潜在问题与风险；盘点库存需求，精准预测近期所需库存量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.6.2
preferred label: 制定库存管理约束条件 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish transportation management constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.6.3
broader: Establish distribution planning constraints
definition: Identifying any potential constraints while deciding on the dispatch and delivery plan from the source to the various distribution centers. Decide how the inventory will be transported , which and how many transportation means to use, what route to take, etc.
definition: 识别从源头至各分销中心的发运与配送计划中潜在的约束因素。明确运输方式、运输工具类型与数量、运输路径等关键决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.6.3
preferred label: 制定运输管理约束条件 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish storage management constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.6.4
broader: Establish distribution planning constraints
definition: Determining potential constraints for physical storage and retrieval of components or products in a storage facility within a certain timeframe. Consider factors such as the building shape, height, capacity, door locations, lift equipment, automation, etc.
definition: 评估特定时限内在仓储设施内对组件或产品进行物理存储与拣取的潜在约束。综合考量建筑结构、层高、库容、出入口位置、升降设备、自动化水平等因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.6.4
preferred label: 制定仓储管理约束条件 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Review distribution network
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.7.1
broader: Review distribution planning policies
definition: Evaluating the system that defines how the products/inventory would reach from the source (i.e., manufacturer) to the destination (i.e., retailer/distributer).
definition: 评估产品/库存从源头（即制造商）至目的地（即零售商/分销商）的流通机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.7.1
preferred label: 评审分销网络 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish sourcing relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.7.2
broader: Review distribution planning policies
definition: Establishing relationships with transportation/distribution sources in order to ensure an effective distribution network and strategy. Screen and evaluate various sources available to pick out the best among them.
definition: 建立与运输/分销资源方的合作关系，以保障高效分销网络与策略落地。筛选并评估各类可用资源，择优选用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.7.2
preferred label: 建立采购合作关系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish dynamic deployment policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.7.3
broader: Review distribution planning policies
definition: Creating strategic guidelines on the availability of the products at all the distribution centers. Create a dynamic network to ensure availability at all times, even in cases of defaults.
definition: 制定各分销中心产品可获得性的战略指引。构建动态网络，确保全时段供应能力，即使在突发故障情况下亦能维持供应。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.7.3
preferred label: 制定动态部署政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish quality targets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.8.1
broader: Develop quality standards and procedures
definition: Defining specific qualitative and quantitative target figures.
definition: 定义具体的定性与定量质量目标值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.8.1
preferred label: 设定质量目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop standard testing procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.8.2
broader: Develop quality standards and procedures
definition: Creating standard procedures for testing the quality of products/services. Describe the steps of key processes to help ensure consistent and quality output. Define the routine instructions for performing the quality testing activity.
definition: 制定产品和服务质量检测的标准规程。描述关键流程步骤，保障输出一致性与质量稳定性；明确质量检测作业的常规操作指令。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.8.2
preferred label: 制定标准测试规程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate quality specifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.8.3
broader: Develop quality standards and procedures
definition: Communicating the desired quality specifications to the manufacturing units, as well as the distribution centers, to avoid any misunderstanding or misinterpretation.
definition: 向制造单元及分销中心传达既定质量规范，避免理解偏差或误读。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.8.3
preferred label: 传达质量规范 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify and prioritize SC requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP1
broader: Plan Supply Chain
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Supply Chain'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划供应链’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.9.1
preferred label: 识别并优先排序供应链需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Balance SC resources with requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP1
broader: Plan Supply Chain
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Supply Chain'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划供应链’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.9.2
preferred label: 平衡供应链资源与需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish and communicate SC plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP1
broader: Plan Supply Chain
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Supply Chain'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0‘规划供应链’流程中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.9.3
preferred label: 制定并传达供应链计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Authorize return
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR3
broader: Fulfill Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回过剩产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.10.1
preferred label: 审批退货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule receipt
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR3
broader: Fulfill Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回过剩产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.10.2
preferred label: 安排收货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Receive product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR3
broader: Fulfill Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回过剩产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.10.3
preferred label: 接收产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Transfer product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR3
broader: Fulfill Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回过剩产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.10.4
preferred label: 转移产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Gather business rule info
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr1
broader: Manage SC Business Rules
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Business Rules'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链业务规则》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.11.1
preferred label: 收集业务规则信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Interpret rules
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr1
broader: Manage SC Business Rules
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Business Rules'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链业务规则》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.11.2
preferred label: 解读业务规则 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Document rules
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr1
broader: Manage SC Business Rules
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Business Rules'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链业务规则》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.11.3
preferred label: 文档化业务规则 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Initiate reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr2
broader: Manage SC Performance
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Performance'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链绩效》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.12.1
preferred label: 启动绩效报告 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Analyze reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr2
broader: Manage SC Performance
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Performance'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链绩效》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.12.2
preferred label: 分析绩效报告 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop corrective actions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr2
broader: Manage SC Performance
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Performance'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链绩效》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.12.3
preferred label: 制定纠正措施 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Receive and compile data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr3
broader: Manage SC Data and Information
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Data and Information'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链数据与信息》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.13.1
preferred label: 接收并汇总数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Maintain data integrity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr3
broader: Manage SC Data and Information
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Data and Information'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链数据与信息》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.13.2
preferred label: 维护数据完整性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify skill requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr4
broader: Manage SC Human Resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Human Resources'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链人力资源》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.14.1
preferred label: 识别技能需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify available resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr4
broader: Manage SC Human Resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Human Resources'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链人力资源》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.14.2
preferred label: 识别可用资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Match skills
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr4
broader: Manage SC Human Resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Human Resources'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链人力资源》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.14.3
preferred label: 匹配人员技能 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule asset management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr5
broader: Manage SC Assets
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Assets'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链资产》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.15.1
preferred label: 规划资产管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Maintain assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr5
broader: Manage SC Assets
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Assets'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链资产》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.15.2
preferred label: 维护资产 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Configure assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr5
broader: Manage SC Assets
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Assets'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链资产》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.15.3
preferred label: 配置资产 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Negotiate contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr6
broader: Manage SC Contracts
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Contracts'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链合同》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.16.1
preferred label: 谈判合同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr6
broader: Manage SC Contracts
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Contracts'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链合同》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.16.2
preferred label: 建立合同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr6
broader: Manage SC Contracts
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Contracts'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链合同》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.16.3
preferred label: 管理合同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Select network model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr7
broader: Manage SC Network
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Network'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链网络》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.17.1
preferred label: 选择网络模式 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Evaluate alternatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr7
broader: Manage SC Network
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Network'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链网络》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.17.2
preferred label: 评估备选方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Finalize network
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr7
broader: Manage SC Network
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Network'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链网络》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.17.3
preferred label: 确定最终网络架构 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Monitor requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr8
broader: Manage SC Regulatory Compliance
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Regulatory Compliance'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链合规》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.18.1
preferred label: 监控合规要求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Assess compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr8
broader: Manage SC Regulatory Compliance
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Regulatory Compliance'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链合规》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.18.2
preferred label: 评估合规状况 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Adapt to changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr8
broader: Manage SC Regulatory Compliance
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Regulatory Compliance'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链合规》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.18.3
preferred label: 适应法规变化 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify SC risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr9
broader: Manage SC Risk
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Risk'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链风险》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.19.1
preferred label: 识别供应链风险 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Assess probability and impact
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr9
broader: Manage SC Risk
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Risk'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链风险》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.19.2
preferred label: 评估发生概率与影响程度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Mitigate risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr9
broader: Manage SC Risk
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Risk'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链风险》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.19.3
preferred label: 实施风险缓解措施 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop procurement plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.1
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Creating a plan for procuring materials and services. Plan what to buy, when, and from what sources. Include project requirements, the procurement team, the justification for the procurement, a timeline of events, and an explanation of the supplier selection process. Outline specific actions to start and complete purchases in order to adhere to best practices.
definition: 制定物料与服务采购计划，明确采购内容、时间及来源；涵盖项目需求、采购团队、采购必要性说明、关键时间节点及供应商遴选流程；细化启动与完成采购的具体行动，确保符合最佳实践。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.1
preferred label: 制定采购计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Clarify purchasing requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.2
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Defining the purchasing requirements for materials and services. Specify the exact inventory required for the production process. Create a specific quotation for all the sources in order to avoid any duplication or overlap.
definition: 明确物料与服务的采购需求；精准定义生产所需库存；向各供应方分别出具详细报价单，避免重复或重叠。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.2
preferred label: 明确采购需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish materials management contingency plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.3
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Developing a strategy to deal with issues projected to arise during implementation of the inventory plan. Identify how to react to issues that arise and require changes to the inventory plan, such as a vendor failing to deliver materials on time. Collaborate with production and suppliers to prepare solutions to projected problems.
definition: 制定应对库存计划实施中潜在问题的预案；明确突发问题（如供应商未能按时交付）的响应机制及计划调整方式；协同生产部门与供应商共同预研解决方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.3
preferred label: 制定物料管理应急预案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Match needs to supply capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.4
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Synchronizing the requirements of materials and services and the capacity of suppliers for providing these materials and services. Revamp the procurement needs of the company in consideration of the capabilities of the suppliers.
definition: 同步物料与服务需求与供应商供给能力；基于供应商能力动态优化企业采购需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.4
preferred label: 匹配需求与供应能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze organization’s spend profile
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.5
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Evaluating the spend profile of the organization. Collect, cleanse, classify, and analyze the procurement data with the purpose of reducing procurement costs, improving efficiency, and monitoring compliance.
definition: 分析组织支出画像；采集、清洗、分类并分析采购数据，以降低采购成本、提升效率、监控合规性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.5
preferred label: 分析组织支出画像 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Seek opportunities to improve efficiency and value
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.6
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Seeking the most efficient sourcing and procurement opportunities.
definition: 挖掘高效率的寻源与采购机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.6
preferred label: 挖掘提升效率与价值的机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collaborate with suppliers to align with long term business goals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.7
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Collaborating with the suppliers of materials and services in order to determine new opportunities for sourcing, share market insights, manage risk, identify and align supplier capabilities with long-term business goals.
definition: 协同物料与服务供应商，共同识别新寻源机会、共享市场洞察、管控风险，并将供应商能力与企业长期业务目标对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.7
preferred label: 协同供应商，对齐长期业务目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collaborate with suppliers to identify sourcing opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1.8
broader: Provide sourcing governance
definition: Collaborating with the suppliers of materials and services in order to determine new opportunities for sourcing.
definition: 协同物料与服务供应商，共同识别新寻源机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1.8
preferred label: 协同供应商，识别采购机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze category/product positioning and performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.2.1
broader: Develop category plan
definition: Analyzing the position and performance of sourcing categories or products based on spend, supplier dynamics, market conditions, and value contribution to inform category planning decisions.
definition: 基于支出规模、供应商格局、市场状况及价值贡献，分析各寻源品类或产品的定位与绩效，支撑品类规划决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.2.1
preferred label: 分析品类/产品定位与绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Forecast demand for each category by market
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.2.2
broader: Develop category plan
definition: Forecasting demand for sourcing categories across relevant markets or consumption channels to support planning, supplier strategy, and capacity alignment.
definition: 预测相关市场或消费渠道中各寻源品类的需求，以支持规划、供应商策略制定及产能匹配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.2.2
preferred label: 按市场预测各品类需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Assign revenue and margin targets to each category
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.2.3
broader: Develop category plan
definition: Establishing revenue, cost, and margin targets for sourcing categories to guide category strategy, sourcing decisions, and performance evaluation.
definition: 为各寻源品类设定收入、成本与利润率目标，指导品类策略、寻源决策及绩效评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.2.3
preferred label: 为各品类设定收入与毛利目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Select suppliers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.3.1
broader: Select suppliers and develop/maintain contracts
definition: Evaluating the pros and cons of various suppliers. Choose the most appropriate and cost-effective suppliers on the basis of their material quality, delivery schedules, and costs.
definition: 综合评估各供应商优劣；依据物料质量、交付周期与成本，择优选定最具性价比的供应商。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.3.1
preferred label: 遴选供应商 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Certify and validate suppliers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.3.2
broader: Select suppliers and develop/maintain contracts
definition: Validating the supply sources, and provide certification as an official supplier.
definition: 验证供应来源，授予其正式合格供应商资质认证。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.3.2
preferred label: 认证与验证供应商 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Negotiate and establish contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.3.3
broader: Select suppliers and develop/maintain contracts
definition: Legally binding suppliers with the company. Negotiate contracts individually with all the suppliers that include the promised material delivery, the delivery dates and duration, etc.
definition: 与供应商签署具有法律约束力的合同；就物料交付承诺、交付日期与周期等条款，逐家开展合同谈判。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.3.3
preferred label: 谈判并签订合同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.3.4
broader: Select suppliers and develop/maintain contracts
definition: Keeping contracts up-to-date with routine evaluation. Maintain order and discipline with the contracts in order to avoid any loss of information and mishaps.
definition: 通过定期评审保持合同时效性；规范合同全生命周期管理，防止信息丢失与操作失误。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.3.4
preferred label: 合同管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process/Review requisitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4.1
broader: Order materials and services
definition: Handling operations related to processing/reviewing the requisitions. Establish and maintain procedures for the initiation, authorization, and processing of purchase requirements to procure products/services.
definition: 处理请购单的受理与审核作业；建立并维护请购发起、授权与执行的标准化流程，保障产品/服务及时采购。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4.1
preferred label: 处理/审核请购单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Approve requisitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4.2
broader: Order materials and services
definition: Approving requisitions for materials and services. Examine distributor-specific requests, and validate them individually.
definition: 审批物料与服务请购单；逐项核查分销商专属请购请求并予以验证。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4.2
preferred label: 审批请购单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Solicit supplier quotes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4.3
broader: Order materials and services
definition: Requesting quotes from suppliers. Use a request for quotation (RFQ) to invite suppliers into a bidding process for specific products/services.
definition: 向供应商发出询价（RFQ），邀请其就特定产品/服务参与竞标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4.3
preferred label: 征集供应商报价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create/Distribute purchase orders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4.4
broader: Order materials and services
definition: Creating and placing the orders for purchasing materials and services from suppliers. Analyze vendor quotes. Choose the most cost-effective vendors. Create vendor-specific orders. Distribute them in order to initiate the purchasing process.
definition: 创建并向供应商下达采购订单；分析供应商报价；择优选择成本最优供应商；按供应商定制化生成订单并分发，正式启动采购流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4.4
preferred label: 创建/分发采购订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Expedite orders and satisfy inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4.5
broader: Order materials and services
definition: Accelerating the purchase orders in order to fulfill the internal needs (for raw materials) depicted through inquiries.
definition: 加快采购订单处理，及时响应内部（原材料）需求问询。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4.5
preferred label: 跟催订单并响应咨询 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Reconcile purchase orders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4.6
broader: Order materials and services
definition: Verify that purchase orders are filled as expected: verify that items and quantities are delivered as expected, based on purchase order details and goods receipts.
definition: 核验采购订单履约情况：依据采购订单明细与收货单，确认所交付物品及数量是否准确无误。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4.6
preferred label: 采购订单对账 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Research/Resolve order exceptions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4.7
broader: Order materials and services
definition: Identifying and resolving any exceptions. Address the internal needs/inquiries for materials that cannot be procured immediately. Research inquiries that require the need of exceptional materials.
definition: 识别并解决异常事项；响应无法即时采购的物料内部需求/问询；调研涉及特殊物料的紧急需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4.7
preferred label: 调查/解决订单异常 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor/Manage supplier information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.5.1
broader: Manage suppliers
definition: Create and maintain vendor master files. Examining procurement and vendor performance. Report delivery timing and the quality of the materials procured through different vendors. This data must align with vendor master file, see PCFID 10869.
definition: 建立并维护供应商主数据档案；开展采购与供应商绩效分析；报告各供应商交货准时率及所供物料质量；该数据须与供应商主数据档案一致（参见PCFID 10869）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.5.1
preferred label: 监控/管理供应商信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Prepare/Analyze procurement and supplier performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.5.2
broader: Manage suppliers
definition: Assisting the production and inventory processes through the information and reports created. Use the information and metrics of the procurement and vendor performance to enhance or improve the production process.
definition: 依托采购与供应商绩效信息及报告，支持生产与库存运作；利用相关指标持续优化生产流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.5.2
preferred label: 编制/分析采购与供应商绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Support inventory and production processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.5.3
broader: Manage suppliers
definition: Support inventory and production processes by analyzing impact of procurement decisions and collaborating to constantly improve. (For example, perhaps minimum order requirements could be negotiated to be lower, to reduce excessive inventory and make production more flexible.)
definition: 通过分析采购决策对库存与生产的影响，协同相关部门持续改进（例如：协商降低最小起订量，以减少冗余库存、增强生产柔性）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.5.3
preferred label: 支持库存与生产流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor quality of product delivered
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.5.4
broader: Manage suppliers
definition: Track the performance of the suppliers on product quality. Use this information to further improve sourcing and supplier performance.
definition: 跟踪供应商在产品质量方面的表现；利用该信息持续提升寻源策略与供应商绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.5.4
preferred label: 监控交付产品质量 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule product deliveries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS1
broader: Source Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0「采购备货型产品」活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.6.1
preferred label: 安排产品交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS1
broader: Source Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Stocked Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购备货型产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.6.2
preferred label: 接收产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Verify product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS1
broader: Source Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Stocked Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购备货型产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.6.3
preferred label: 验证产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Transfer product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS1
broader: Source Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Stocked Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购备货型产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.6.4
preferred label: 转移产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule deliveries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS2
broader: Source Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单生产产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.7.1
preferred label: 安排交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS2
broader: Source Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单生产产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.7.2
preferred label: 接收产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Verify product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS2
broader: Source Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单生产产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.7.3
preferred label: 验证产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Transfer product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS2
broader: Source Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单生产产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.7.4
preferred label: 转移产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify sources of supply
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS3
broader: Source Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单设计产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.8.1
preferred label: 识别供应来源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Select final supplier
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS3
broader: Source Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单设计产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.8.2
preferred label: 选定最终供应商 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule deliveries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS3
broader: Source Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单设计产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.8.3
preferred label: 安排交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS3
broader: Source Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘采购按订单设计产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.8.4
preferred label: 接收产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define tech requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr10
broader: Manage SC Technology
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Technology'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链技术》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.20.1
preferred label: 定义技术需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Select solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr10
broader: Manage SC Technology
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Technology'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链技术》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.20.2
preferred label: 遴选解决方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Implement technology
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr10
broader: Manage SC Technology
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Technology'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链技术》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.20.3
preferred label: 部署技术系统 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define ESG objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr11
broader: Manage SC Sustainability
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Sustainability'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链可持续性》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.21.1
preferred label: 设定环境、社会与治理（ESG）目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Measure sustainability performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr11
broader: Manage SC Sustainability
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Sustainability'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链可持续性》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.21.2
preferred label: 衡量可持续性绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Improve sustainable practices
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr11
broader: Manage SC Sustainability
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Sustainability'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链可持续性》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.21.3
preferred label: 优化可持续实践 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Report on circular economy metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr11
broader: Manage SC Sustainability
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Manage SC Sustainability'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《管理供应链可持续性》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.21.4
preferred label: 报告循环经济指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Model and simulate plant
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1.1
broader: Schedule production
definition: Creating a representation of plant facilities to optimize material flow, resource utilization, and logistics for all levels of plant planning from global production facilities, through local plants, to specific lines and enabling the comparison of production�alternatives,.
definition: 构建工厂设施数字模型，优化物料流、资源利用率及物流效率，支撑从全球生产基地、区域工厂到具体产线的各级生产规划，并支持多种生产方案比选。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1.1
preferred label: 建模与仿真工厂 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Generate line level plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1.2
broader: Schedule production
definition: Initiating the line-level plan for production. Break down the production schedule into specific lines, specifying the various objectives the production schedule.
definition: 启动产线级生产计划：将总体生产计划分解至各产线，明确各项生产目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1.2
preferred label: 生成产线级计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Generate detailed schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1.3
broader: Schedule production
definition: Broadening the line-level plan. Specify all the individual production processes, along with the timing and the duration to come up with a working schedule that tracks the whole process and any deviations that might occur.
definition: 细化产线级计划：明确全部具体工序及其起止时间与持续时长，形成可全程跟踪且能识别偏差的可执行排程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1.3
preferred label: 生成详细排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule production orders and create lots
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1.4
broader: Schedule production
definition: Creating a schedule to commence production of orders received, and creating lots to consolidate the processing. Plan when the production orders are to be initiated by commencing the operations for processing products/services. Specify which materials to produce, where to produce them, which operations will facilitate this, and on which date production is to start. Define the size of production lots, demarcating the durations of batch production.
definition: 制定已接收订单的投产计划并划分生产批次；规划生产工单启动时机，明确待生产物料、生产地点、所需工序及开工日期；定义批次规模，界定批量生产周期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1.4
preferred label: 排定生产工单并创建批次 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan for preventive maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1.5
broader: Schedule production
definition: Scheduling planned maintenance of the production equipment.
definition: 安排生产设备的计划性维护。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1.5
preferred label: 规划预防性维护 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Request unplanned maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1.6
broader: Schedule production
definition: Scheduling requested maintenance in order to address breakdowns where repairs or corrective remedies are needed immediately. Create a scheme for undertaking unplanned maintenance work on equipment/machinery that has come to be in urgent need for it. Express turnaround to redress using specialized personnel.
definition: 安排紧急维修任务，及时处置设备故障或需立即纠正的问题；制定针对突发性设备/机械故障的应急维修方案；调配专业人员快速响应并完成修复。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1.6
preferred label: 申请非计划维护 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Release production orders and create lots
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1.7
broader: Schedule production
definition: Initiating the delivery of production orders, and creating lots. Communicate the order that specifies which material to produce, where to produce it, which operations to require, and on which date production takes place. Define how to settle the order costs. Create production lots, which is a particular production unit of an assembly that is planned and manufactured.
definition: 启动生产工单交付并创建生产批次；向执行单元传达工单要求，包括待生产物料、生产地点、所需工序及开工日期；明确工单成本结算方式；建立生产批次——即为特定装配体所规划与制造的独立生产单元。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1.7
preferred label: 下达生产工单并创建批次 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage raw material inventory
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.1
broader: Produce/Assemble product
definition: Administering the inventory of raw materials. Manage the total cost of all component parts in stock but not yet used. Manage the cost of the direct materials (i.e., materials incorporated into the final product) and indirect materials (i.e., materials not incorporated into the final product but consumed during the production process).
definition: 管理原材料库存：管控所有在库但尚未投入使用的零部件总成本；分别管理直接材料（即构成最终产品的材料）与间接材料（即不构成最终产品但在生产过程中消耗的材料）成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.1
preferred label: 管理原材料库存 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Execute detailed line schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.2
broader: Produce/Assemble product
definition: Creating and implementing the detailed line production schedule on the ground level.
definition: 在产线层面制定并落实详细生产排程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.2
preferred label: 执行产线详细排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Report maintenance issues
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.3
broader: Produce/Assemble product
definition: Recording and reporting any deviations or issues in the maintenance schedule, in the performance to the production management team, and for unplanned maintenance.
definition: 记录并上报维护排程偏差、生产执行异常及非计划性维护事项，同步至生产管理团队。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.3
preferred label: 报告设备维护问题 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Rerun defective items
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.4
broader: Produce/Assemble product
definition: Reproducing the items produced defectively. Assess the produced items by conducting quality and standardization tests in order to diagnose any discrepancies. Reproduce defective items.
definition: 复产缺陷品：通过质量检测与标准化测试评估已产出产品，识别偏差；对缺陷品实施返工或重制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.4
preferred label: 返工缺陷品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Automate and control plant
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.5.1
broader: Monitor and optimize production process
definition: Creating and applying technology to monitor and control the production and delivery of products and services. Automation involves a broad range of technologies.
definition: 开发并应用技术手段监控与控制产品及服务的生产与交付；自动化涵盖广泛的技术范畴。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.5.1
preferred label: 自动化与控制工厂 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Perform advanced process control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.5.2
broader: Monitor and optimize production process
definition: Including a broad range of techniques and technologies implemented within industrial process control systems that are routinely reviewed, audited, and improved, advanced process controls typically address particular performance or economic improvement opportunities. An advanced set of process control measures can be used to reduce variation and identify primary improvement options. Results of analysis are fed back into process design for incorporation into production.
definition: 在工业过程控制系统中部署一系列经定期评审、审计与持续改进的技术与方法；先进过程控制通常聚焦于特定性能或经济效益提升机会；通过一套先进控制措施降低过程波动、识别关键改进点；分析结果反馈至工艺设计，融入实际生产。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.5.2
preferred label: 实施先进过程控制 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Perform real-time optimization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.5.3
broader: Monitor and optimize production process
definition: Helping organizations increase performance and efficiency, real-time optimization is a category of closed-loop process control that aims at optimizing process performance in real time for systems. It is normally built upon model-based optimization systems and is usually large scale. Real-time optimization automatically detects errors, and can modify and eliminate both random and non-random errors, as well as analyze and monitor all systems involved.
definition: 实时优化是一类闭环过程控制，旨在基于模型优化系统实时运行性能，通常为大规模应用；可自动识别错误，并修正与消除随机及非随机误差，同时对所有关联系统进行分析与监控。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.5.3
preferred label: 实施实时优化 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage plant alarms and alerts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.5.4
broader: Monitor and optimize production process
definition: Applying human factors and instrumentation engineering and systems thinking to manage the design of an alarm or alert system to increase its usability. Typical challenges include having too many alarms in a plant, poorly designed alarms/alerts, improperly set alarm/alert points, unclear alarm/alert messages, etc. Poor alarm management is one of the leading causes of unplanned downtime.
definition: 运用人因工程、仪表工程与系统思维方法，优化报警/告警系统设计以提升可用性；典型挑战包括：工厂报警过多、报警/告警设计不合理、报警/告警阈值设定不当、报警/告警信息不清晰等；报警管理不善是导致非计划停机的主要原因之一。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.5.4
preferred label: 管理工厂报警与告警 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Assess production performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.6
broader: Produce/Assemble product
definition: Analyzing and benchmarking the production process to judge its effectiveness and efficiency. Create production metrics to numerically calculate the performance of the production process.
definition: 分析与对标生产过程，评估其有效性与效率；构建量化指标体系，对生产过程绩效进行数值化衡量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.6
preferred label: 评估生产绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Calibrate test equipment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.3.1
broader: Perform quality testing
definition: Regulating the equipment used for performing quality tests. Assess correspondence between the quality testing equipment and the desired quality standards. Ensure the calibration standard is more accurate than the instrument being tested.
definition: 管控质量检测设备：评估检测设备与既定质量标准的符合性；确保校准基准精度高于被校设备。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.3.1
preferred label: 校准检测设备 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform testing using the standard testing procedure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.3.2
broader: Perform quality testing
definition: Performing testing using calibrated equipment and in consent with the standard testing procedure, including testing time.
definition: 使用经校准的设备，严格遵循标准测试规程（含测试时长）开展检测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.3.2
preferred label: 依据标准检测规程执行检测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage quality samples
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.3.3
broader: Perform quality testing
definition: Selecting a set of elements from a product lot to draw conclusions or make inferences about the quality of the product lot from which the sample is drawn. Sampling is frequently used because gathering data on every product produced by a company is often impossible, impractical, or too costly to collect.
definition: 从产品批次中抽取样本，据此推断整批产品质量；抽样常用于全量检测不可行、不经济或不切实际的情形。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.3.3
preferred label: 管理质量样本 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Record test results
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.3.4
broader: Perform quality testing
definition: Documenting the results and outcomes of the quality tests. Track the performance of the production process. Record/Document it to evaluate the qualitative efficiency of the production process. Use electronic devices and software in order to ensure effectiveness in recording the results and outcomes of the test.
definition: 归档质量检测结果与结论；追踪生产过程绩效；记录/存档数据以评估生产过程的质量效能；采用电子设备与软件确保记录高效准确。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.3.4
preferred label: 记录检测结果 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Track and analyze non-conformance trends
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.3.5
broader: Perform quality testing
definition: Managing and monitoring the occurrences of problems with a process or product. It is important that nonconformance occurrences are tracked in a standardized way so the data can easily be reviewed to assess the impact of the problem. Ongoing analysis of trends in nonconformance gives an organization the ability to make process changes to reduce the incidence and cost of nonconformances.
definition: 管理与监控过程或产品问题的发生情况；须以标准化方式记录不合格事件，便于数据复盘与影响评估；持续分析不合格趋势，支撑流程改进，降低不合格发生频次与成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.3.5
preferred label: 追踪与分析不合格趋势 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform root cause analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.3.6
broader: Perform quality testing
definition: Using a technique that helps people answer the question of why a problem occurred in the first place. It seeks to identify the origin of a problem using a specific set of steps, with associated tools, to find the primary cause of the problem to determine what happened, why, and how to reduce the likelihood that it will happen again.
definition: 运用根本原因分析法，回答‘问题为何发生’；通过结构化步骤与配套工具追溯问题源头，厘清事件经过、成因及预防再发措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.3.6
preferred label: 开展根本原因分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine lot numbering system
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.4.1
broader: Maintain production records and manage lot traceability
definition: Allotting an identification number to a particular quantity or lot of material manufactured. Assign lot numbers on the basis of specific production units, material similarity, etc. Place lot numbers on the outside of packaging.
definition: 为特定数量或批次的制造物料分配唯一标识号。依据具体生产单元、物料相似性等标准分配批号，并将批号标注于外包装上。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.4.1
preferred label: 确定批次编号规则 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine lot use
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.4.2
broader: Maintain production records and manage lot traceability
definition: Identifying the use of production lots. Define where, how, and when to use a specific production lot.
definition: 明确生产批号的使用场景。界定特定生产批次的使用地点、使用方式及启用时机。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.4.2
preferred label: 确定批次用途 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule production
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT1
broader: Transform Make-to-Stock
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Stock'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按库存生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.5.1
preferred label: 制定生产计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Issue material
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT1
broader: Transform Make-to-Stock
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Stock'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按库存生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.5.2
preferred label: 发放物料 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Produce and test
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT1
broader: Transform Make-to-Stock
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Stock'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按库存生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.5.3
preferred label: 生产与测试 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Package
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT1
broader: Transform Make-to-Stock
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Stock'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按库存生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.5.4
preferred label: 包装 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Stage finished product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT1
broader: Transform Make-to-Stock
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Stock'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按库存生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.5.5
preferred label: 成品暂存 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Release to fulfill
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT1
broader: Transform Make-to-Stock
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Stock'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按库存生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.5.6
preferred label: 放行以履行订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule production
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT2
broader: Transform Make-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.6.1
preferred label: 制定生产计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Issue sourced product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT2
broader: Transform Make-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.6.2
preferred label: 发放外购产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Produce and test
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT2
broader: Transform Make-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.6.3
preferred label: 生产与测试 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Package
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT2
broader: Transform Make-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.6.4
preferred label: 包装 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Release to fulfill
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT2
broader: Transform Make-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Make-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单生产’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.6.5
preferred label: 放行以履行订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Finalize production engineering
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT3
broader: Transform Engineer-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Engineer-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单设计’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.7.1
preferred label: 完成生产工程设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule production
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT3
broader: Transform Engineer-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Engineer-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单设计’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.7.2
preferred label: 制定生产计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Issue sourced product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT3
broader: Transform Engineer-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Engineer-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单设计’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.7.3
preferred label: 发放外购产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Produce and test
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT3
broader: Transform Engineer-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Engineer-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单设计’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.7.4
preferred label: 生产与测试 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Release to fulfill
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT3
broader: Transform Engineer-to-Order
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Transform Engineer-to-Order'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 在‘转型按订单设计’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.7.5
preferred label: 放行以履行订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

AI-Enabled Quality Inspection
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Enabled Quality Inspection.
definition: 人工智能时代活动：AI赋能的质量检验。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.8
preferred label: AI驱动的质量检验 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Translate customer service requirements into logistics requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1.1
broader: Provide logistics governance
definition: Determining the requirements for managing the flow of things between the point of origin and the point of consumption by assessing the service requirements of the customers.
definition: 基于客户服务水平要求，评估并确定从供应源头至消费终端的货物流动管理需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1.1
preferred label: 将客户服务要求转化为物流需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Design logistics network
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1.2
broader: Provide logistics governance
definition: Developing a network for logistical activities. Create a network of entities through which materials and information flow, encompassing all related activities associated with the flow of transformation of products.
definition: 构建物流活动网络。设计涵盖物料与信息流动的实体网络，整合产品转化全过程相关联的所有活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1.2
preferred label: 设计物流网络 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Communicate outsourcing needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1.3
broader: Provide logistics governance
definition: Conveying outsourcing needs within the organization, with the objective of sourcing the assistance required. Define the portion of logistical activities that can be transferred to outside suppliers. Assess third-party agencies to carefully select the most appropriate agencies for outsourcing. Convey these needs to management or the appropriate authority.
definition: 在组织内部明确物流外包需求，以获取必要外部支持。界定可交由外部供应商承接的物流职能范围；审慎评估第三方机构，择优选择外包合作方；将外包方案提报管理层或授权部门审批。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1.3
preferred label: 沟通外包需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop and maintain delivery service policy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1.4
broader: Provide logistics governance
definition: Establishing rules and regulations, as well as the terms and conditions regarding the delivery of service by the company. Develop a delivery plan that specifies what, how, when, and in which way to deliver services to the customer.
definition: 制定公司服务交付的规章制度与条款条件。编制交付计划，明确交付内容、方式、时间及路径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1.4
preferred label: 制定并维护交付服务政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Optimize transportation schedules and costs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1.5
broader: Provide logistics governance
definition: Optimizing the schedule and costs of transportation services. Design a logistics strategy by strategically creating delivery routes and systems, which optimizes the overall transportation schedules and costs. Evaluate different transportation sources in order to select the most appropriate and cost-effective sources.
definition: 优化运输服务的排程与成本。通过战略性设计运输路线与系统，实现整体运输排程与成本最优化；评估多种运输资源，择取最具适配性与成本效益的方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1.5
preferred label: 优化运输计划与成本 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define key performance measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1.6
broader: Provide logistics governance
definition: Establishing measures for evaluating the performance of the logistics strategy of the organization. Establish key performance indicators, including the logistics performance index, delivery in full, and delivery on time.
definition: 建立物流战略绩效评估机制。设定关键绩效指标（KPI），包括物流绩效指数、齐套交付率、准时交付率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1.6
preferred label: 定义关键绩效指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define reverse logistics strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1.7
broader: Provide logistics governance
definition: Establish a strategy that includes rules and regulations for the physical handling, information processing, and disposition of product and packaging returned by the buyer to the seller or an intermediary. Include return approval, transportation coordination, advance communication, product tracking, receipt, disposition of the return, and processing warranty claims in the strategy.
definition: 制定退货管理策略，涵盖实物处理、信息处理及退换货处置规则。策略应包括退货审批、运输协调、提前沟通、产品追踪、收货确认、退货处置及保修索赔处理等环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1.7
preferred label: 制定逆向物流策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Pick product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF2
broader: Fulfill Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按订单生产产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.10.1
preferred label: 拣选产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Pack product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF2
broader: Fulfill Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按订单生产产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.10.2
preferred label: 包装产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Ship product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF2
broader: Fulfill Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按订单生产产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.10.3
preferred label: 发运产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Confirm delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF2
broader: Fulfill Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按订单生产产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.10.4
preferred label: 确认交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule installation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF3
broader: Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按设计订单生产产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.11.1
preferred label: 安排安装计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Install product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF3
broader: Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按设计订单生产产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.11.2
preferred label: 安装产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Confirm acceptance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF3
broader: Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按设计订单生产产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.11.3
preferred label: 确认验收 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Generate stocking schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF4
broader: Fulfill Retail Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Retail Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《零售产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.12.1
preferred label: 生成补货计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive product at store
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF4
broader: Fulfill Retail Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Retail Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《零售产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.12.2
preferred label: 门店收货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Pick from backroom
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF4
broader: Fulfill Retail Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Retail Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《零售产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.12.3
preferred label: 从后台仓拣货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Stock shelf
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF4
broader: Fulfill Retail Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Retail Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《零售产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.12.4
preferred label: 上架陈列 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Checkout
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF4
broader: Fulfill Retail Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Retail Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《零售产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.12.5
preferred label: 收银结算 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan inbound material receipts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.1
broader: Plan and manage inbound material flow
definition: Managing the receipts of inbound materials. Create a plan accounting for the materials procured from the source of supply and the materials delivered to the distribution center or the warehouse.
definition: 管理进厂物料收货。制定收货计划，覆盖从供应商采购的物料及送达配送中心或仓库的物料。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.1
preferred label: 规划入厂物料收货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage inbound material flow
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.2
broader: Plan and manage inbound material flow
definition: Managing all the internal activities related to the flow/transfer of materials. Manage materials being delivered to distribution center or warehouse. Gauge the time taken for delivery and if the delivery process is on time.
definition: 统筹管理与物料流动/转移相关的全部内部活动。管控送达配送中心或仓库的物料；评估交付耗时及是否准时交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.2
preferred label: 管理入厂物料流 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor inbound delivery performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.3
broader: Plan and manage inbound material flow
definition: Overseeing the performance of an inbound delivery system. Check the present delivery system's efficiency, cost effectiveness, and adherence to a delivery schedule.
definition: 监督进厂交付系统的运行绩效。评估当前交付系统在效率、成本效益及交付计划遵从度方面的表现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.3
preferred label: 监控入厂交付绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage flow of returned products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.4
broader: Plan and manage inbound material flow
definition: Tracking and taking care of the products that have been internally returned either because of their deficiency or in cases of incorrect delivery.
definition: 跟踪并处置因缺陷或错发而产生的内部退货产品。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.4
preferred label: 管理退货产品流向 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine quality of controlled part
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.5.1
broader: Manage disposition of returned products
definition: Implement a checks and balances system to verify that returned parts meet acceptable quality standards to determine appropriate disposition activity.
definition: 建立核查与制衡机制，验证退货零部件是否符合可接受的质量标准，以确定恰当的处置方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.5.1
preferred label: 判定受控部件质量状态 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Perform salvage activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.5.2
broader: Manage disposition of returned products
definition: Executing activities for reinstating the returned products. Present the customer with additional incentives of compensation in case of any defective products delivery or any discrepancy in the product specifications in order to save the order from being permanently returned.
definition: 执行退货产品复用活动。针对交付缺陷产品或规格不符情形，向客户提供补偿等额外激励措施，避免订单被永久退回。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.5.2
preferred label: 开展回收利用活动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage repair/refurbishment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.5.3
broader: Manage disposition of returned products
definition: Administering the reinstatement of the returned product in order to return them back to customers. Repair or remanufacture the defective or ineffective products returned by the customer. Process the delivery of the repaired or remanufactured products back to the customer.
definition: 处理退货产品的复位，以便重新交付给客户；对客户退回的缺陷或失效产品进行维修或再制造；将维修或再制造后的产品交付回客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.5.3
preferred label: 管理维修与翻新 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Return to finished goods inventory
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.5.4
broader: Manage disposition of returned products
definition: Moving a returned product back to inventory or stock. Whether a product is sufficient as returned, repaired, or refurbished, moving that product back to inventory for resale or returning to customer is the fnal step in Manage disposition of returned products.
definition: 将退货产品重新入库或入仓。无论产品以原状、维修后或翻新状态返回，将其重新纳入库存用于再销售或返还客户，是‘管理退货产品处置’流程的最终环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.5.4
preferred label: 退回产成品库存 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage and track inventory deployment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.1
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Tracking the logistical act of delivering or releasing an inventory item or entity to targeted end users. Track how much inventory has been deployed at all the distribution centers, individually.
definition: 跟踪将库存物品或实体交付或释放至目标终端用户的物流过程；分别跟踪各配送中心已部署的库存数量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.1
preferred label: 管理并跟踪库存部署 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive, inspect, and store inbound deliveries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.2
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Coordinating the incoming inbound materials/products. Accept the delivery of these materials and the subsequent storage. Track them at the warehouse/distribution center.
definition: 统筹进货/入库物料/产品的接收协调工作。完成物料/产品的交付签收及后续仓储存放，并在仓库/配送中心全程跟踪其状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.2
preferred label: 接收、检验并存储到货交付物 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Track product availability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.3
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Keeping track of the availability of different materials/products at the warehouse and distribution centers.
definition: 持续监控仓库及配送中心各类物料/产品的可供应状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.3
preferred label: 跟踪产品可供应性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Pick, pack, and ship product for delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.4
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Packing and shipping the product to deliver to the customer. Take care of the internal and external packaging of the products in order to ensure safe transportation of the products from the warehouse to delivery locations. Notify the ERP system and/or Accounts Receivable Dept.
definition: 打包并发货至客户；负责产品内外包装，确保产品从仓库至交付地点的安全运输；同步通知 ERP 系统和/或应收账款部门。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.4
preferred label: 拣选、包装及发货交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Track inventory accuracy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.5
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Monitoring any discrepancies between electronic records that represent the inventory and the physical state of the inventory. Look for discrepancies such as phantom inventory, which includes products that an inventory accounting system considers to be available at the storage location but are not actually available.
definition: 监控电子库存记录与实物库存状态之间的差异；识别虚盘库存等异常情形（即库存会计系统显示某地有货，但实际不可用）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.5
preferred label: 跟踪库存准确性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Track third-party logistics storage and shipping performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.6
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Keeping a track on the storage and shipping performance of third-party agencies. Monitor logistics storage and shipping performance for third-party agencies. Use measures such as a logistics scoreboard, activity-based costing, economic value analysis, and balanced scorecards.
definition: 跟踪第三方机构的仓储与运输绩效；采用物流记分板、作业成本法、经济价值分析及平衡计分卡等工具开展监测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.6
preferred label: 跟踪第三方物流（3PL）仓储与运输绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage physical finished goods inventory
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.7
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Administering the movement of the finished products that are processed by the organization through its warehouses. Track goods through the use of systems such as barcodes in order to monitor the volumes available, quantity of out-flowing goods, remaining shelf life of the product, etc.--ultimately, to best manage the warehouse capacity.
definition: 管理组织经由其仓库流转的产成品移动；通过条码等系统追踪货物，以监控可用库存量、出库数量、剩余保质期等——最终实现仓库容量的最优管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.7
preferred label: 管理实物产成品库存 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage warehouse transfers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3.8
broader: Operate warehousing
definition: Shipping items from one warehouse to another in a multi-warehouse environment. A warehouse transfer is typically handled electronically in a system designed to replicate the physical processes involved with transferring items from one warehouse to another.
definition: 在多仓库环境中执行仓库间调拨；该操作通常通过专设系统以电子方式完成，系统模拟并复现实物调拨全流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3.8
preferred label: 管理仓库间调拨 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan, transport, and deliver outbound product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.4.1
broader: Operate outbound transportation
definition: Organizing the transportation and delivery of outbound products. Plan and organize the transportation, shipping, and delivery of the end products. Create a plan that specifies dispatch and delivery of the product to its destination, as well the transportation.
definition: 统筹出库/发运产品的运输与交付作业。规划并组织终端产品的运输、装运与交付全过程；制定涵盖产品发运、运输路径及最终送达目的地的详细执行计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.4.1
preferred label: 规划、运输及交付出库产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Track carrier delivery performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.4.2
broader: Operate outbound transportation
definition: Monitoring delivery performance when carrying products from the warehouse/distribution centers to the retailers or end consumers. Create a performance metrics based on the key performance indicators.
definition: 监控从仓库/配送中心向零售商或终端消费者运送产品的交付绩效；基于关键绩效指标（KPI）构建交付绩效度量体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.4.2
preferred label: 跟踪承运商交付绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage transportation fleet
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.4.3
broader: Operate outbound transportation
definition: Taking care of a range of functions related to the means of transport used for delivering the end products. Manage vehicle financing, vehicle maintenance, vehicle telematics (tracking and diagnostics), driver management, speed management, fuel management, and health and safety management.
definition: 统筹与终端产品交付所用运输工具相关的各项职能：包括车辆融资、维保、车载远程信息处理（追踪与诊断）、驾驶员管理、车速管控、燃油管理及健康安全管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.4.3
preferred label: 管理运输车队 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process and audit carrier invoices and documents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.4.4
broader: Operate outbound transportation
definition: Organizing and inspecting all account statements and any other documentation for the carriers used in delivery. Create, manage, and inspect all documents related to the financial, regulatory, and administrative accounts of all the carriers/freights. Generate receipts for all freight transactions.
definition: 统筹并审核所有承运商相关账单及其他文件；创建、管理并审核涉及承运商/货运方财务、监管及行政账户的全部文档；生成每笔货运交易的收据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.4.4
preferred label: 处理并审核承运商发票及单据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process customer request
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.1.1
broader: Confirm specific last mile delivery service requirements for individual customer
definition: Soliciting or acquiring information using various sources such as databases, customer interactions, and customer request forms. Hand them further up the hierarchy to deal with them. Categorize the user's request, determining if the request is supportable and prioritizing the request.
definition: 通过数据库、客户互动、客户申请表等多种渠道采集或征集客户需求信息；按需向上级传递；对用户请求分类，判断其可行性并排序优先级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.1.1
preferred label: 处理客户请求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Create customer profile
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.1.2
broader: Confirm specific last mile delivery service requirements for individual customer
definition: Documenting the individual customer service requirements solicited, along with personal information of the customers, in order to generate customized profiles that hasten the delivery process.
definition: 将所征集的单个客户服务需求及客户个人信息完整归档，构建定制化客户档案，以加速服务交付进程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.1.2
preferred label: 创建客户档案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Generate last mile delivery order
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.1.3
broader: Confirm specific last mile delivery service requirements for individual customer
definition: Designing a short-term agreement between the service provider and customer. One-time services are ordered by the service recipient and resource-related billing is performed upon completion. Use the service order to document service and customer service work.
definition: 设计服务提供商与客户之间的短期协议；一次性服务由服务接受方下单，服务完成后进行资源关联计费；使用服务工单记录服务内容及客户服务工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.1.3
preferred label: 生成末端配送订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Create resourcing plan and schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.2.1
broader: Identify and schedule resources to meet last mile delivery requirements
definition: Developing a plan for sourcing and deploying the resources required to fulfill customer service needs. Document a detailed summary of all types of resources (equipment, finance, personnel, time, etc.) required to complete customer service requests and procure these resources. Identify and assess various sources in order to effectively create a resourcing plan.
definition: 制定资源获取与部署计划，以满足客户服务需求；详尽记录完成服务请求所需各类资源（设备、资金、人员、时间等），并完成采购；识别并评估多种资源渠道，科学制定资源配置方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.2.1
preferred label: 制定资源配置计划与排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Create last mile delivery service order fulfillment schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.2.2
broader: Identify and schedule resources to meet last mile delivery requirements
definition: Designing a detailed summary of customer service order requirements, along with information concerning the timing and duration for these services. Categorize the customer needs. Monitor the services delivered.
definition: 编制客户服务工单需求的详细摘要，明确服务时间窗口与时长；对客户需求分类；持续监控服务交付情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.2.2
preferred label: 制定末端配送服务订单履约排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Organize daily last mile delivery order fulfillment schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.3.1
broader: Provide last mile delivery service to specific customers
definition: Laying out a daily plan of specific service orders that need to be fulfilled. Document and systematically order these activities to ensure high effectiveness and efficiency.
definition: 制定每日须完成的具体服务工单计划；系统化记录并有序安排各项活动，确保高效率与高成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.3.1
preferred label: 组织每日末端配送订单履约排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Execute product delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.3.2
broader: Provide last mile delivery service to specific customers
definition: Dispatching and delivering the resources needed for the specific service requirements from the source/warehouse. Manage the dispatch, transportation, and delivery of the services.
definition: 从源头/仓库调度满足特定服务需求所需的资源；统筹资源的调度、运输与交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.3.2
preferred label: 执行产品交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage last mile delivery order fulfillment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.3.3
broader: Provide last mile delivery service to specific customers
definition: Handling and managing orders fulfilled, along with the orders are not or partially fulfilled to track the order fulfillment progress. Use electronic devices such as trackers and GPS in order track and ensure delivery of the orders.
definition: 处理已履约、未履约或部分履约的订单，以跟踪订单履约进度；利用追踪器、GPS 等电子设备实时定位并确保订单交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.3.3
preferred label: 管理末端配送订单履约 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Identify completed last mile delivery orders for feedback
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.4.1
broader: Ensure quality of last mile delivery
definition: Determining the service orders that have been successfully delivered. Identify the service orders completed and delivered to the customer. Leverage communication systems to ensure coordination with the customers in order to avoid mishaps.
definition: 确认已成功交付的服务工单；识别已完成并送达客户的服务工单；借助通信系统与客户保持协同，规避交付失误。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.4.1
preferred label: 识别已完成的末端配送订单以收集反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Identify incomplete last mile delivery orders and last mile delivery service failures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.4.2
broader: Ensure quality of last mile delivery
definition: Determining orders which have not been completed or delivered. Identify the service orders that are partially or entirely incomplete, as well as the orders that have not been delivered to the customer. Use techniques such as project trackers to recognize the progress of the service orders.
definition: 识别未完成或未交付的订单；判定部分或全部未完成的服务工单，以及尚未送达客户的服务工单；运用项目追踪器等工具掌握服务工单进展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.4.2
preferred label: 识别未完成的末端配送订单及末端配送服务失败情形 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Solicit customer feedback on last mile services delivered
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.4.3
broader: Ensure quality of last mile delivery
definition: Obtaining and procuring customer reviews or feedback on the services delivered. Design a customer feedback form, or communicate with the customer through the phone or online.
definition: 获取并采集客户对已交付服务的评价或反馈；设计客户反馈表单，或通过电话、在线渠道与客户沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.4.3
preferred label: 就已提供的末端配送服务征询客户反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Process customer feedback on last mile services delivered
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.4.4
broader: Ensure quality of last mile delivery
definition: Assessing and incorporating customer reviews/feedback into the service plan to ensure high quality of service.
definition: 评估客户反馈并将其融入服务计划，以确保持续提供高质量服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.4.4
preferred label: 处理客户关于末端配送服务的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Process inquiry and quote
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO1
broader: Order Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 ‘订购现货产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.6.1
preferred label: 处理咨询与报价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive and validate order
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO1
broader: Order Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 ‘订购现货产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.6.2
preferred label: 接收并验证订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Reserve inventory
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO1
broader: Order Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 ‘订购现货产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.6.3
preferred label: 预留库存 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Consolidate orders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO1
broader: Order Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 ‘订购现货产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.6.4
preferred label: 合并订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process inquiry and quote
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO2
broader: Order Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 ‘订购按订单生产产品’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.7.1
preferred label: 处理咨询与报价 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive and validate order
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO2
broader: Order Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按订单生产产品》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.7.2
preferred label: 接收并校验订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Reserve resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO2
broader: Order Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按订单生产产品》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.7.3
preferred label: 预留资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Consolidate orders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO2
broader: Order Make-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Make-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按订单生产产品》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.7.4
preferred label: 合并订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Obtain and respond to RFP/RFQ
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO3
broader: Order Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按设计订单生产产品》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.8.1
preferred label: 获取并响应招标书/询价书（RFP/RFQ） @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Negotiate and receive contract
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO3
broader: Order Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按设计订单生产产品》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.8.2
preferred label: 谈判并签署合同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Confirm order specifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO3
broader: Order Engineer-to-Order Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Order Engineer-to-Order Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《按设计订单生产产品》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.8.3
preferred label: 确认订单规格 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Build loads
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF1
broader: Fulfill Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《备货型产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.9.1
preferred label: 生成装运批次 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Route shipments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF1
broader: Fulfill Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《备货型产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.9.2
preferred label: 规划运输路线 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Pick product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF1
broader: Fulfill Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《备货型产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.9.3
preferred label: 拣选产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Pack product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF1
broader: Fulfill Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《备货型产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.9.4
preferred label: 包装产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Ship product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF1
broader: Fulfill Stocked Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Stocked Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《备货型产品交付》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.9.5
preferred label: 发运产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify defective condition
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR1
broader: Source Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《缺陷产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.5.1
preferred label: 识别缺陷状态 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Request return authorization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR1
broader: Source Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《缺陷产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.5.2
preferred label: 申请退货授权 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule shipment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR1
broader: Source Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《缺陷产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.5.3
preferred label: 安排退货运输 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Return product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR1
broader: Source Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《缺陷产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.5.4
preferred label: 退回产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify MRO condition
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR2
broader: Source Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《维修、保养与大修（MRO）产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.6.1
preferred label: 识别MRO状态 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Request return authorization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR2
broader: Source Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《维修、保养与大修（MRO）产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.6.2
preferred label: 申请退货授权 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule shipment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR2
broader: Source Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《维修、保养与大修（MRO）产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.6.3
preferred label: 安排退货运输 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Return product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR2
broader: Source Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《维修、保养与大修（MRO）产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.6.4
preferred label: 退回产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify excess product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR3
broader: Source Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《过剩产品退货采购》流程活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.7.1
preferred label: 识别过剩产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Request return authorization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR3
broader: Source Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《采购退回过剩产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.7.2
preferred label: 申请退货授权 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule shipment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR3
broader: Source Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《采购退回过剩产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.7.3
preferred label: 安排发货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Return product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR3
broader: Source Return Excess Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Source Return Excess Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《采购退回过剩产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.7.4
preferred label: 退回产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Authorize return
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR1
broader: Fulfill Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回缺陷产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.8.1
preferred label: 审批退货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule return receipt
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR1
broader: Fulfill Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回缺陷产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.8.2
preferred label: 安排退货收货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Receive product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR1
broader: Fulfill Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回缺陷产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.8.3
preferred label: 接收产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Transfer product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR1
broader: Fulfill Return Defective Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return Defective Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回缺陷产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.8.4
preferred label: 转移产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Authorize return
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR2
broader: Fulfill Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回维护、维修与大修产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.9.1
preferred label: 审批退货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule receipt
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR2
broader: Fulfill Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回维护、维修与大修产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.9.2
preferred label: 安排收货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Receive product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR2
broader: Fulfill Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回维护、维修与大修产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.9.3
preferred label: 接收产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Transfer product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR2
broader: Fulfill Return MRO Product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Return MRO Product'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《履行退回维护、维修与大修产品》活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.9.4
preferred label: 转移产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Set up and maintain service delivery governance and management system
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.1.1
broader: Establish service delivery governance
definition: Providing a system for which to manage customer needs and a structure for which to facilitate service delivery to fulfill those needs.
definition: 构建客户需求管理系统及服务交付支撑架构，以满足客户需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.1.1
preferred label: 建立并维护服务交付治理体系与管理系统 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage service delivery performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.1.2
broader: Establish service delivery governance
definition: Conducting and implementing performance measures to ensure successful delivery of service to the customer.
definition: 实施绩效度量，确保服务成功交付至客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.1.2
preferred label: 管理服务交付绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage service delivery development and direction
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.1.3
broader: Establish service delivery governance
definition: Providing guidance of resources to ensure that the development and direction of service delivery is in line with customer needs.
definition: 提供资源指导，确保服务交付的开发与方向契合客户需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.1.3
preferred label: 管理服务交付发展与方向 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Solicit feedback from customer on service delivery satisfaction
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.1.4
broader: Establish service delivery governance
definition: Engaging the customer post delivery to gauge the effectiveness of services rendered in order to improve on key delivery functions going forward.
definition: 服务交付后主动触达客户，评估服务成效，持续优化关键交付职能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.1.4
preferred label: 收集客户对服务交付满意度的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define service delivery goals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2.1
broader: Develop service delivery strategies
definition: Aligning organization practices to meet the needs of the customer by creating service delivery goals.
definition: 通过设定服务交付目标，使组织实践与客户需求保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2.1
preferred label: 明确服务交付目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define labor policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2.2
broader: Develop service delivery strategies
definition: Outlining labor policies for resources and ensuring that those policies meet the needs of the organization, the customer, and government regulations.
definition: 制定人力资源政策并确保其同时满足组织、客户及政府监管要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2.2
preferred label: 制定用工政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate resource availability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2.3
broader: Develop service delivery strategies
definition: Understanding the needs of the customer and providing the necessary resources to meet those requirements.
definition: 识别客户需求，并配置必要资源予以满足。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2.3
preferred label: 评估资源可用性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define service delivery network and supply constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2.4
broader: Develop service delivery strategies
definition: Identifying and understanding the limitations imposed upon service delivery network and supply.
definition: 识别并理解服务交付网络与供应能力所受限制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2.4
preferred label: 界定服务交付网络与供应约束 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define service delivery process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2.5
broader: Develop service delivery strategies
definition: Defanging policies and procedures that focus on meeting the needs and expectations of the customer within the working parameters of the organization.
definition: 制定聚焦客户期望与需求的政策与规程，并确保其符合组织运营边界。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2.5
preferred label: 定义服务交付流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Review and validate service delivery procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2.6
broader: Develop service delivery strategies
definition: Revisioning service delivery procedures that fall short of performance parameters. Realign procedures with specified expectations in order to provide successful service delivery.
definition: 修订未达绩效标准的服务交付规程，使其重新对齐既定期望，保障服务交付成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2.6
preferred label: 评审并确认服务交付规程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define service delivery workplace layout and infrastructure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2.7
broader: Develop service delivery strategies
definition: Creating a workplace that best serves the needs of the organization and customer through strategic layout and infrastructure.
definition: 通过战略性工作场所布局与基础设施建设，更好支撑组织与客户需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2.7
preferred label: 定义服务交付工作场所布局与基础设施 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Forecast service demand
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP-SVC
broader: Plan Service Operations
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Service Operations'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《规划服务运营》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.3.1
preferred label: 预测服务需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan resource allocation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP-SVC
broader: Plan Service Operations
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Service Operations'.
definition: SCOR DS 14.0《规划服务运营》活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.3.2
preferred label: 规划资源配置 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Balance capacity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP-SVC
broader: Plan Service Operations
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Plan Service Operations'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘规划服务运营’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.3.3
preferred label: 平衡产能 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor pipeline
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.1
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Tracking potential opportunities as they move through the various stages of the pipeline.
definition: 跟踪潜在商机在销售管线各阶段的进展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.1
preferred label: 监控交付管线 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop baseline forecasts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.2
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Identifying the demand anticipated for the organization's services. Estimate future demand for services using historical data, analysis of the market environment, and external data.
definition: 识别组织服务的预期需求；基于历史数据、市场环境分析及外部数据，预测未来服务需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.2
preferred label: 制定基准预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collaborate with customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.3
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Providing a collaborative meeting in which to engage the customer to understand the scope of their needs and constructing solutions based on need and constraints.
definition: 组织协同会议，深入理解客户需求范围，并结合需求与约束条件定制解决方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.3
preferred label: 与客户协同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop consensus forecast
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.4
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Arriving at a consensus over the forecasted levels of demand for services by analyzing baseline forecasts and customer input.
definition: 基于基线预测与客户输入，就服务需求预测水平达成共识。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.4
preferred label: 形成共识预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine availability of skills to deliver on current and forecast customer orders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.5
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Identifying what skillset is necessary for the delivery of opportunities. Determine the forecast of customer orders based upon those skillsets and the resources available.
definition: 识别服务交付所需的能力组合；依据该能力组合及可用资源，预测客户订单。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.5
preferred label: 评估当前及预测客户订单所需的技能可用性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor activity against forecast and revise forecast
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.6
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Overseeing all activities necessary to deliver services to customer. Revise forecast to account for any issues that may arise. This could be changes in market trend, resource changes, etc.
definition: 统筹管理服务交付全过程；根据市场趋势变化、资源变动等突发情况，动态修订预测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.6
preferred label: 对照预测监控执行情况并动态修订预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate and revise forecasting approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.7
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Recognizing potential problems in the current forecast and making the necessary changes to align the forecast meet demand.
definition: 识别当前预测中的潜在偏差，及时调整以确保预测与实际需求匹配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.7
preferred label: 评估并优化预测方法 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Measure forecast accuracy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1.8
broader: Manage service delivery resource demand
definition: Analyzing forecasting against actuals to determine accuracy. Modify forecasting to align with actual need.
definition: 将预测结果与实际执行情况进行比对分析，评估预测准确率；据此优化预测模型，使其贴合真实需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1.8
preferred label: 衡量预测准确率 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define and manage skills taxonomy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.2.1
broader: Create and manage resource plan
definition: Analyzing the skills needed to perform services to be delivered. Classify and organize these skills requirements.
definition: 分析服务交付所需的各项技能，并对技能需求进行分类与结构化管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.2.1
preferred label: 定义并管理技能分类体系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create resource plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.2.2
broader: Create and manage resource plan
definition: Creating a plan to ensure that all resources are available to carry out services required for the customer. This can include physical resources and personnel.
definition: 制定资源保障计划，确保客户所需服务所依赖的各类资源（含实物资源与人力资源）到位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.2.2
preferred label: 制定资源计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Match resource demand with capacity, skills, and capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.2.3
broader: Create and manage resource plan
definition: Matching demand with skills and capability. Enlisting suppliers and partners to help with demand when needed.
definition: 实现需求与技能、能力的精准匹配；必要时协调供应商与合作伙伴共同响应需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.2.3
preferred label: 匹配资源需求与产能、技能及能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Collaborate with suppliers and partners to supplement skills and capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.2.4
broader: Create and manage resource plan
definition: Understanding organizational need to enlist suppliers to provide resources for gaps in skills and capabilities. Identify where additional skills are needed and collaborate with third parties to fill those demands.
definition: 识别组织在技能与能力方面的缺口，明确需补充的额外能力，并协同第三方合作方予以填补。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.2.4
preferred label: 协同供应商与合作伙伴补充技能与能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify critical resources and supplier capacity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.2.5
broader: Create and manage resource plan
definition: Realizing critical resources required to perform and carry out customer needs. Engage with suppliers to fulfill those needs, if necessary. Identify supplier threshold for performing those needs.
definition: 识别支撑客户交付的关键资源；必要时联动供应商满足需求，并评估其履约阈值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.2.5
preferred label: 识别关键资源及供应商产能 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor and manage resource capacity and availability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.2.6
broader: Create and manage resource plan
definition: Directing and managing workforce needs. Ensure that resources are at full capacity. Monitor that all resources are able to skilled in their respective rolls. Make sure that necessary resources are available to provide the needed services.
definition: 统筹管理人力需求，确保资源满负荷运转；持续监测人员岗位胜任力；保障服务交付所需资源及时就位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.2.6
preferred label: 监控与管理资源产能及可用性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop service delivery training plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3.1
broader: Enable service delivery resources
definition: Creating a detailed summary of all the actions relevant to teaching a person a particular skill or type of behavior. Determine who will deliver the training. Determine when and where the apprentice or trainee needs to go to receive the structured component of the training.
definition: 编制详尽的技能培训实施方案，明确培训主体、受训对象、培训时间与地点等要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3.1
preferred label: 制定服务交付培训计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop training materials
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3.2
broader: Enable service delivery resources
definition: Developing materials necessary to provide comprehensive training for the skills or behavior needed to deliver services. This can be any number for formats such as classroom or computer based training.
definition: 开发覆盖服务交付所需技能或行为的系统性培训材料，支持课堂授课、在线学习等多种形式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3.2
preferred label: 开发培训材料 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage training schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3.3
broader: Enable service delivery resources
definition: Providing training to the employee within a manageable timeframe to meet the needs of both the individual and the organization.
definition: 在合理周期内完成员工培训，兼顾个体成长与组织发展需要。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3.3
preferred label: 管理培训日程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Deliver operations training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3.4
broader: Enable service delivery resources
definition: Educating service delivery personnel on all aspects of the operations process of the organization.
definition: 面向服务交付人员全面宣贯组织运营流程各环节要点。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3.4
preferred label: 开展运维培训 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Deliver technical training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3.5
broader: Enable service delivery resources
definition: Ensuring that all personnel are trained on all technical aspects of service delivery to include compliance with constraints on how advanced technologies including artificial intelligence (AI) are used.
definition: 确保全员掌握服务交付相关的全部技术要点，包括人工智能（AI）等先进技术应用的合规要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3.5
preferred label: 开展技术培训 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform skill and capability testing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3.6
broader: Enable service delivery resources
definition: Verifying that training provided to the person was successful through the administration testing and the application of skills for practical use.
definition: 通过考核测评与实操验证，确认培训成果有效落地。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3.6
preferred label: 开展技能与能力测评 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate training effectiveness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3.7
broader: Enable service delivery resources
definition: Eliciting feedback from various sources to evaluate the training provided. This can be achieved through testing and the practical application of skills. Additionally, manager or student feedback can be garnered to evaluate training effectiveness.
definition: 多渠道收集反馈以评估培训成效，包括考核结果、技能实操表现，以及管理者与学员的评价意见。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3.7
preferred label: 评估培训有效性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform service delivery system planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.3.1
broader: Manage and Operate Service Delivery System
definition: Planning the service delivery system by defining service requirements, capacity, resources, and delivery approaches needed to support effective and reliable service provision.
definition: 规划服务交付体系，明确定义服务要求、容量、资源及交付路径，支撑高效、可靠的服务供给。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.1
preferred label: 开展服务交付系统规划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Perform service delivery system startup
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.3.2
broader: Manage and Operate Service Delivery System
definition: Establishing and activating the service delivery system, including preparing resources, processes, and controls required to begin delivering services.
definition: 建立并启用服务交付体系，包括配置资源、完善流程及部署管控机制，确保服务如期启动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.2
preferred label: 开展服务交付系统启动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Operate service delivery system
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.3.3
broader: Manage and Operate Service Delivery System
definition: Executing day-to-day service delivery activities using the established service delivery system to meet service commitments, performance expectations, and customer needs.
definition: 依托既定服务交付体系，开展日常服务交付活动，履行服务承诺、达成绩效目标并满足客户需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.3
preferred label: 运行服务交付系统 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Assure service delivery system service
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.3.4
broader: Manage and Operate Service Delivery System
definition: Monitoring and assuring service delivery system performance to maintain service quality, reliability, and compliance with defined service standards and expectations.
definition: 持续监控与保障服务交付体系运行效能，确保服务质量、可靠性及对既定服务标准与期望的符合性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.4
preferred label: 保障服务交付系统服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF-SVC
broader: Fulfill Service Operations
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Service Operations'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘履行服务运营’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.5.1
preferred label: 调度交付任务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Execute delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF-SVC
broader: Fulfill Service Operations
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Service Operations'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘履行服务运营’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.5.2
preferred label: 执行交付任务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Confirm completion
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF-SVC
broader: Fulfill Service Operations
definition: SCOR DS 14.0 activity in 'Fulfill Service Operations'.
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0 中‘履行服务运营’活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.5.3
preferred label: 确认交付完成 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

AI-Powered Service Personalization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage and Operate Service Delivery System
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Service Personalization.
definition: AI时代专项活动：AI驱动的服务个性化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.6
preferred label: AI驱动的服务个性化 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Review contract and agreed terms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.1
broader: Initiate service delivery
definition: Meeting with the customer, partner, and/or supplier to review the terms of the solutions contract and agree on the terms set forth.
definition: 联合客户、合作伙伴及/或供应商召开合同评审会议，确认解决方案合同条款并达成一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.1
preferred label: 审阅合同及约定条款 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Understand customer requirements and define refine approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.2
broader: Initiate service delivery
definition: Taking the customer requirements for a solution and applying those requirements to a refined approach for service.
definition: 将客户提出的解决方案需求，转化为细化的服务交付方法论。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.2
preferred label: 理解客户需求并细化交付方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Modify/revise and approve project plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.3
broader: Initiate service delivery
definition: Updating the project plan to align with the new solution approach agreed upon with the customer.
definition: 更新项目计划，使其与客户共同确认的新解决方案实施路径保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.3
preferred label: 修订并批准项目计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Review customer business objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.4
broader: Initiate service delivery
definition: Aligning the customer business objectives with the agreed service delivery solution.
definition: 将客户业务目标与双方约定的服务交付解决方案对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.4
preferred label: 评审客户业务目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Confirm environmental readiness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.5
broader: Initiate service delivery
definition: Confirming that the organization has the recourses necessary to meet the expectations for the solution for service delivery.
definition: 确认组织具备满足服务交付解决方案预期所需的资源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.5
preferred label: 确认环境就绪状态 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Establish people objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.6.1
broader: Identify, select, and assign resources
definition: Providing the workforce with a plan of action and goals necessary to provide a service. Make sure that those objectives are met.
definition: 为员工提供服务交付所需的行动计划与目标，并确保目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.6.1
preferred label: 制定人员目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Establish engagement rules
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.6.2
broader: Identify, select, and assign resources
definition: Establishing guidelines for how resources engage with the customer. For example, set rules of accountability, interaction, and accommodation when engaging the customer. Resources should be polite, empathetic, and attentive.
definition: 制定资源与客户互动的指导准则，例如明确问责、交互与响应等协作规则；要求员工保持礼貌、共情与专注。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.6.2
preferred label: 制定协作规则 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Plan for service delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.7
broader: Initiate service delivery
definition: Establishing a plan of action to successfully render a solution for service delivery.
definition: 制定切实可行的行动计划，以成功交付服务解决方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.7
preferred label: 规划服务交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze environment and customer needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2.1
broader: Execute service delivery
definition: Understanding the needs of the customer and providing the necessary resources to meet those requirements within the scope of the organization.
definition: 深入理解客户需求，并在组织能力范围内调配必要资源予以满足。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2.1
preferred label: 分析环境与客户需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define solution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2.2
broader: Execute service delivery
definition: Creating a plan of action to provide service delivery to the customer through a possible solution. This solution should be in response to a collaborative effort made by the organization and the customer to meet service delivery needs.
definition: 制定面向客户的服务交付行动计划，所提出的解决方案应基于组织与客户的协同成果，以响应服务交付需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2.2
preferred label: 定义解决方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Validate solution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2.3
broader: Execute service delivery
definition: Validating that the proposed solution is feasible and provides the needed services for the customer.
definition: 验证拟议解决方案的技术可行性与服务能力，确保其可满足客户需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2.3
preferred label: 验证解决方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2.4
broader: Execute service delivery
definition: Realizing issues within the original drafted solution and providing changes to correct those issues.
definition: 识别初始方案中存在的问题，并提出针对性整改方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2.4
preferred label: 识别变更事项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Obtain approval to proceed
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2.5
broader: Execute service delivery
definition: Gaining approval from all avenues to proceed with providing solutions for service delivery.
definition: 获得各相关方审批，以推进服务交付解决方案的实施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2.5
preferred label: 获取继续推进的审批 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Make build/buy solution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2.6
broader: Execute service delivery
definition: Constructing or purchasing solutions necessary to provide service delivery.
definition: 构建或采购实现服务交付所必需的解决方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2.6
preferred label: 构建或采购解决方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Deploy solution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2.7
broader: Execute service delivery
definition: Providing the customer with promised services and solutions.
definition: 向客户提供承诺的服务与解决方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2.7
preferred label: 部署解决方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Conduct service delivery/project review and evaluate success
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3.1
broader: Complete service delivery
definition: Reviewing the entire service delivery process to evaluate the success of the project from beginning to end.
definition: 全面复盘服务交付全过程，从启动到交付终了逐阶段评估项目成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3.1
preferred label: 开展服务交付/项目复盘并评估成效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Complete/finalize financial management activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3.2
broader: Complete service delivery
definition: Insuring all payments are received and all activates therein are completed.
definition: 确保全部应收款项已收回，相关财务活动均已完结。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3.2
preferred label: 完成/终结财务管理工作 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Confirm delivery according to contract terms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3.3
broader: Complete service delivery
definition: Confirming that the organization has satisfied all terms of the delivery contract set forth in collaboration between the organization and customer.
definition: 确认组织已全面履行与客户共同商定的交付合同各项条款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3.3
preferred label: 确认交付符合合同条款 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Release resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3.4
broader: Complete service delivery
definition: Discharging leveraged resources from service delivery commitments upon completion. Returning resources to the resource pool.
definition: 服务交付完成后，解除相关人员的交付职责，将其回归资源池。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3.4
preferred label: 释放资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage service delivery completion
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3.5
broader: Complete service delivery
definition: Ensuring that all aspects of the service delivery process are completed both internally and externally.
definition: 确保服务交付流程在组织内部及外部各环节均已完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3.5
preferred label: 管理服务交付收尾 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Harvest knowledge
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3.6
broader: Complete service delivery
definition: Garnering feedback from all avenues to collect a knowledge base concerning services rendered.
definition: 多渠道收集客户反馈，构建服务知识库。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3.6
preferred label: 沉淀知识 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Archive records and update systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3.7
broader: Complete service delivery
definition: Completing and archiving all records associated with requested services. Update all necessary systems to reflect those changes.
definition: 完成并归档所有与所请求服务相关的记录；同步更新相关系统以反映最新状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3.7
preferred label: 归档记录并更新系统 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define customer service requirements across the enterprise
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.1.1
broader: Develop customer service strategy
definition: Identifying the customer service requirements across the organization, including the needs and expectations of different customer segments. Additionally this includes defining a set of behaviors, skills, and policies needed to provide customer service effectively across the enterprise.
definition: 识别全组织范围内的客户服务需求，涵盖不同客户群体的期望与诉求；同时定义支撑企业级客户服务所需的员工行为准则、核心能力与政策体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1.1
preferred label: 定义全企业范围的客户服务需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define customer service experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.1.2
broader: Develop customer service strategy
definition: Communicating how customer service interactions are handled including what is expected when engaging the customer. Relate service level expectations to the workforce. Ensure positive customer experience.
definition: 明确客户服务互动的操作规范与行为预期，将服务等级要求传导至一线员工，保障客户体验一致性与正向性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1.2
preferred label: 定义客户服务体验 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define and manage customer service channel strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.1.3
broader: Develop customer service strategy
definition: Define the channels and communication methods that will be used to deliver customer service, including phone, email, chat, social media, and in-person interactions.
definition: 定义客户服务交付渠道与沟通方式，包括电话、电子邮件、在线聊天、社交媒体及面对面交流等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1.3
preferred label: 制定并管理客户服务渠道战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define customer service policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.1.4
broader: Develop customer service strategy
definition: Develop policies and procedures for delivering customer service, including handling customer complaints, resolving issues, and maintaining customer records.
definition: 制定客户服务政策与操作规程，涵盖客户投诉处理、问题解决及客户档案管理等内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1.4
preferred label: 制定客户服务政策与流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish target service level for each customer segment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.1.5
broader: Develop customer service strategy
definition: Determining and implementing levels for customer services. Benchmark certain customer service practices, and base customer level services on those benchmarks. Create a service level agreement, which is an agreement designed to create a common understanding about services, priorities, and responsibilities.
definition: 确定并实施分级客户服务机制：对标行业最佳实践，以基准结果为依据划分服务等级；制定服务级别协议（SLA），明确服务内容、优先级与各方责任。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1.5
preferred label: 为各客户细分群体设定目标服务水平 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify and define customer service strategy integrations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.1.6
broader: Develop customer service strategy
definition: Define how the customer service strategy will integrate with other departments like marketing, sales, and product development to ensure a seamless customer experience.
definition: 明确客户服务战略与营销、销售、产品研发等部门的协同机制，确保端到端客户体验无缝衔接。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1.6
preferred label: 识别并定义客户服务战略集成点 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Intelligent Chatbot Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop customer service strategy
definition: AI-era activity: Intelligent Chatbot Management.
definition: 人工智能（AI）时代专项活动：智能聊天机器人管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1.7
preferred label: 智能聊天机器人（Chatbot）管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Forecast volume of customer service contacts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.1.1
broader: Plan and manage customer service workforce
definition: Projecting the total workforce required to service customer service inquiries in order to effectively predict the volume of vendor contracts required. Estimate the number of the customer service contracts in an agreed-upon time frame in order to strategically maintain the workforce necessitated for customer inquires. Analyze historical data around customer service contracts, the universe of customer inquiries, frequency of inquiries, servicing capability (per head) of the employees, etc.
definition: 预测支撑客户服务咨询所需总人力规模，精准预估供应商合同数量；在约定周期内估算客户服务合同数量，战略性维持应对客户咨询所需的人力储备；综合分析历史客户服务合同数据、客户咨询总量、咨询频次、人均服务承载量等要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.1.1
preferred label: 预测客户服务接触量 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Schedule customer service workforce
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.1.2
broader: Plan and manage customer service workforce
definition: Deploying the workforce to manage customer service contracts. Create a systematic summary of the operations and service required, as well as the specific amount of workforce that is to be deployed to the customer service operations. Ensure workforce is directly proportional to the estimated forecast of customer service contracts.
definition: 按需部署客户服务人力：系统梳理服务内容、运营要求及对应人力配置规模，确保实际部署人力与预测的客户服务合同量呈合理比例关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.1.2
preferred label: 排班客户服务人力团队 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Track workforce utilization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.1.3
broader: Plan and manage customer service workforce
definition: Tracking the utilization of workforce deployed for managing customer service operations. Monitor the utility of the workforce deployed for managing customer service operations in order to evaluate its efficiency and cost effectiveness. Calculate the overall labor effectiveness, which measures the utility, performance, and quality of the workforce.
definition: 跟踪客户服务人力使用效能：监测人力投入产出效率与成本效益；计算整体劳动效能（OLE），综合衡量人力利用率、绩效表现与服务质量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.1.3
preferred label: 跟踪人力利用率 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor and evaluate quality of customer interactions with customer service representatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.1.4
broader: Plan and manage customer service workforce
definition: Tracking and determining the quality of interactions between the customer and customer representatives. Use technology, including artificial intelligence (AI), to record and effectively assess customer representatives' interactions.
definition: 跟踪并评估客户与客服代表的交互质量：运用人工智能（AI）等技术手段，对交互过程进行录音、分析与有效评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.1.4
preferred label: 监控与评估客户与客服代表交互的质量 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive customer problems, requests, and inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.2.1
broader: Manage customer service problems, requests, and inquiries
definition: Receiving requests for information from customers over multiple channels. Receive various requests and inquiries from customers regarding products/services. Accept these inquiries through channels such as email, telephone, online forms, text messages, social media, and in person. Supply dedicated equipment, systems, and personnel.
definition: 通过多渠道接收客户信息咨询请求：涵盖邮件、电话、在线表单、短信、社交媒体及线下到访等形式；配备专用设备、系统与专职人员予以支撑。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.2.1
preferred label: 接收客户问题、请求与咨询 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze problems, requests, and inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.2.2
broader: Manage customer service problems, requests, and inquiries
definition: Analyzing various requests and inquiries from customers regarding products/services. Provide answers and offerings to satisfy the customer's needs.
definition: 分析客户关于产品和服务的各类请求与咨询，提供针对性答复与解决方案以满足客户需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.2.2
preferred label: 分析问题、请求与咨询 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Resolve customer problems, requests, and inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.2.3
broader: Manage customer service problems, requests, and inquiries
definition: Routing customer inquiries in order to service them with the most apposite response. Direct customer inquires to the best suited personnel or system. Have a system or procedure capable of efficiently channeling these requests.
definition: 对客户咨询进行智能分派，确保由最适配的人员或系统予以响应；建立高效流转机制，实现请求精准路由。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.2.3
preferred label: 解决客户问题、请求与咨询 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Respond to customer problems, requests, and inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.2.4
broader: Manage customer service problems, requests, and inquiries
definition: Responding to customer requests by email, conversation, interactive voice response, mail, etc. with the most appropriate reply. Instill a robust process to locate the right information for a solution to a customer's problem.
definition: 通过电子邮件、语音对话、交互式语音应答（IVR）、信函等多种渠道，以最恰当方式响应客户请求；构建健壮流程，快速定位有效信息以解决客户问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.2.4
preferred label: 响应客户问题、请求与咨询 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify and capture upsell/cross-sell opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.2.5
broader: Manage customer service problems, requests, and inquiries
definition: Utilizing customer inquiries as opportunities to either provide a comparable service to the one in question, offer additional complimentary service, or suggest a service that is better than what was initially offered.
definition: 将客户咨询视为交叉销售与升级销售契机，提供同类服务、附加增值服务，或推荐优于原方案的服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.2.5
preferred label: 识别并捕获交叉销售/向上销售机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Deliver opportunity to sales team
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.2.6
broader: Manage customer service problems, requests, and inquiries
definition: Providing possible sales leads to the sales team in an effort to garner more business opportunities.
definition: 向销售团队及时传递潜在销售线索，助力拓展业务机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.2.6
preferred label: 将销售机会移交销售团队 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Receive customer complaints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.3.1
broader: Manage customer complaints
definition: Receiving any complaints or grievances from customers for the organization's products/services. Receive objections, complaints, and criticism from customers regarding products/services through email, telephone, online forms, text messages, social media, in person, etc. Dedicate equipment, systems, and personnel.
definition: 全渠道接收客户针对产品和服务提出的投诉、异议及批评，包括电子邮件、电话、在线表单、短信、社交媒体、面对面等；配备专用设备、系统与专职人员。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.3.1
preferred label: 接收客户投诉 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Route customer complaints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.3.2
broader: Manage customer complaints
definition: Routing any complaints or grievances received from customers in order to address them in the most appropriate manner. Direct complaints to the best suited personnel or system. Implement a system or procedure capable of efficiently channeling the various objections, complaints, and criticism from customers over the offerings provided by the organization.
definition: 对收到的客户投诉、异议及批评实施分类分派，确保由最适配的人员或系统承接；建立高效投诉分流机制，覆盖组织所提供各项产品和服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.3.2
preferred label: 分派客户投诉 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Resolve customer complaints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.3.3
broader: Manage customer complaints
definition: Resolving any customer complaints that are deemed to be sound and reasonable. Redress any objections, grievances, and complaints received from customers regarding the offerings provided by the organization. Identify the legitimate complaints, where the situation needs to be appropriately corrected. Deploy personnel who can rectify the issue within a stipulated time frame.
definition: 对合理、属实的客户投诉予以切实整改；识别合法合规的投诉事项，明确需纠正的情形，并指派专人限期完成问题修复。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.3.3
preferred label: 解决客户投诉 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Respond to customer complaints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.3.4
broader: Manage customer complaints
definition: Responding to customer complaints including all activities necessitated to service any objections, complaints, or grievances with the most appropriate reply. Source the right information to formulate a response that eases the discomfort being experienced by the customer. (Closely coordinate with Resolve customer complaints [10399].)
definition: 全流程响应客户投诉，涵盖所有必要处置活动；精准溯源信息，形成缓解客户不适的最优答复。（须与‘投诉问题整改 [10399]’紧密协同） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.3.4
preferred label: 响应客户投诉 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer complaints and response/redressal
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.3.5
broader: Manage customer complaints
definition: Analyzing complaint logs to provide input for continuous service improvement and customer profiling.
definition: 分析投诉日志，为持续服务改进与客户画像提供数据支撑。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.3.5
preferred label: 分析客户投诉及应对/补救措施 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Authorize return
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.4.1
broader: Process returns
definition: Approving and carrying forward the requests by the customers to return the product. This is part of the process of returning a product in order to receive a refund, replacement, or repair during the product's warranty period.
definition: 审核并执行客户的退货申请，作为保修期内退换货、维修或退款流程的关键环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.4.1
preferred label: 审批退货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process return and record reason
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.4.2
broader: Process returns
definition: Notating the reason for the return of the product.
definition: 准确记录产品退货原因。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.4.2
preferred label: 执行退货并记录原因 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Report incidents and risks to regulatory bodies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.5
broader: Plan and manage customer service contacts
definition: Notifying all stakeholders, legal, and industry regulatory bodies of the incidents and risks related to a return or recall, if needed.
definition: 如涉及退货或召回，及时向相关利益方、法务部门及行业监管机构通报事件与风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.5
preferred label: 向监管机构报告事件与风险 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

AI-Powered Sentiment Analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Plan and manage customer service contacts
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Sentiment Analysis.
definition: AI时代专项活动：人工智能驱动的情绪分析（AI-Powered Sentiment Analysis）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.6
preferred label: 人工智能驱动的情绪分析（AI-Powered Sentiment Analysis） @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Register products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.1
broader: Service products after sales
definition: Filing product registrations.
definition: 办理产品注册登记。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.1
preferred label: 产品注册 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Receive warranty claim
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.1
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Receiving incoming warranty claims. Route claim to correct department. Document claim.
definition: 接收保修索赔申请，分派至对应部门，并完成完整记录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.1
preferred label: 接收保修索赔 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Reconcile warranty transaction disposition
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.10
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Assuring that the warranty transaction has been completed.
definition: 确保保修交易全流程闭环完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.10
preferred label: 核对保修交易处置结果 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Validate warranty claim
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.2
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Ensuring that the claim falls within the parameters of the warranty in question. After validation is made, the claim must be investigated.
definition: 核实索赔是否符合当前保修条款要求；验证通过后启动调查程序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.2
preferred label: 验证保修索赔 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Define issue
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.3.1
broader: Investigate warranty issues
definition: Defining the issue of the claim. The warranty team will look into the issue and understand whether it is covered by the claim code or if more detail is required. Field service will be scheduled to further qualify the definition of the issue and to collect more evidence.
definition: 界定索赔问题本质：保修团队研判该问题是否适用对应理赔代码，或需补充信息；同步安排现场服务以深化问题界定并采集证据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.3.1
preferred label: 界定问题 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Schedule field service
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.3.2
broader: Investigate warranty issues
definition: Scheduling additional investigative field service. This is performed for high priority claims or claims that require additional investigation. Field service engineers will gather additional information, perform further investigation, and qualify the definition of the issue.
definition: 针对高优先级或需深度核查的索赔，增派现场服务工程师，进一步采集信息、开展专项调查，并完善问题定义。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.3.2
preferred label: 安排现场服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Request and receive defective part
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.3.3
broader: Investigate warranty issues
definition: Requesting receipt of a defective part for further investigation.
definition: 申请并接收缺陷部件用于深度调查。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.3.3
preferred label: 申请并接收缺陷部件 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Investigate issue/perform root cause analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.3.4
broader: Investigate warranty issues
definition: Investigating claims by an appropriate functional representative. Once the issue has been clearly defined and diagnosed and a recommendation for corrective action is determined, it will be provided to the warranty management team.
definition: 由相应职能代表开展索赔调查；在问题清晰界定、根因确诊且纠正措施建议明确后，提交至保修管理团队。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.3.4
preferred label: 开展问题调查/根本原因分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Receive investigation result/recommendation for corrective action
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.3.5
broader: Investigate warranty issues
definition: Receiving investigative results to assess claim approval or denial. The warranty team will assess the results of the investigation and the recommendations for corrective action.
definition: 接收调查结果，评估索赔批准或否决意见；保修团队综合研判调查结论与纠正措施建议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.3.5
preferred label: 接收调查结果/纠正措施建议 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Determine responsible party
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.4
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Identifying responsible party for a claim. There is no negotiation with the supplier at this point. There can be multiple warranties applicable to the same part: a new part warranty, a new product warranty (for the product the part is installed on), and a supplier warranty from the company that last repaired the part. The information required for this decision would be the output of Receive component/part and analyze fault [19728]."
definition: 明确索赔责任主体（此阶段不与供应商协商）；同一部件可能适用多重保修：新品保修、整机保修（该部件所安装产品的保修），以及最后维修该部件的供应商保修；决策依据来自‘接收组件/部件并分析故障 [19728]’的输出。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.4
preferred label: 确定责任方 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage pre-authorizations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.5
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Authorizing claims prior to submittal.
definition: 在索赔提交前完成审批授权。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.5
preferred label: 管理预授权 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Approve or reject warranty claim
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.6
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Following Defining issue [20098], an approval or rejection with be made against the warranty claim. If it is deemed that the claim falls within the warranty parameters, the claim will be approved. If the claim is deemed to fall outside warranty parameters, the claim with be rejected.
definition: 继‘问题界定 [20098]’之后，对保修索赔作出批准或否决决定：符合保修条款则批准，否则否决。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.6
preferred label: 批准或拒绝保修索赔 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Notify originator of approve/reject decision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.7
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Contacting the originator of whether the warranty claim has been approved or rejected.
definition: 主动联系索赔发起方，告知其索赔获批或被拒的结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.7
preferred label: 通知发起人审批/拒批决定 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Authorize payment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.8
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Allowing for a payment to be made to the claimant.
definition: 向索赔申请人执行赔付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.8
preferred label: 授权付款 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Close claim
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.9
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Archiving and closing the warranty claim after a final decision has been made to either approve or reject.
definition: 在最终批准或否决决定作出后，完成保修索赔归档与结案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.9
preferred label: 关闭索赔 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Create supplier recovery claims
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.3.1
broader: Manage supplier recovery
definition: Raising a supplier recovery claim. This is based off the decision made in Receive investigation result/recommendation for corrective action [20100].
definition: 基于‘接收调查结果/纠正措施建议 [20100]’的判定结果，发起供应商追偿索赔。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.3.1
preferred label: 创建供应商追偿索赔 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Negotiate recoveries with suppliers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.3.2
broader: Manage supplier recovery
definition: Arranging the returns of recalled products to suppliers.
definition: 统筹安排召回产品退回供应商事宜。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.3.2
preferred label: 与供应商协商追偿事宜 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process customer request
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.1.1
broader: Confirm specific service requirements for individual customer
definition: Soliciting or acquiring information using various sources such as databases, customer interactions, and customer request forms. Hand them further up the hierarchy to deal with them. Categorize the user's request, determining if the request is supportable and prioritizing the request.
definition: 通过数据库、客户互动、服务请求表单等多源渠道采集或征集需求信息；按层级向上提报；对用户请求进行分类，判断其可行性并排序优先级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.1.1
preferred label: 处理客户请求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Create customer profile
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.1.2
broader: Confirm specific service requirements for individual customer
definition: Documenting the individual customer service requirements solicited, along with personal information of the customers, in order to generate customized profiles that hasten the delivery process.
definition: 记录所征集的客户个性化服务需求及客户个人信息，以生成定制化档案，加快服务交付进程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.1.2
preferred label: 创建客户档案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Generate service order
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.1.3
broader: Confirm specific service requirements for individual customer
definition: Designing a short-term agreement between the service provider and customer. One-time services are ordered by the service recipient and resource-related billing is performed upon completion. Use the service order to document service and customer service work.
definition: 设计服务提供商与客户之间的短期协议；一次性服务由服务接收方下单，相关资源费用在服务完成后结算；使用服务工单记录服务内容及客户服务工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.1.3
preferred label: 生成服务工单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Create resourcing plan and schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.2.1
broader: Identify and schedule resources to meet service requirements
definition: Developing a plan for sourcing and deploying the resources required to fulfill customer service needs. Document a detailed summary of all types of resources (equipment, finance, personnel, time, etc.) required to complete customer service requests and procure these resources. Identify and assess various sources in order to effectively create a resourcing plan.
definition: 制定资源获取与部署计划，以满足客户服务需求；详细记录完成客户服务请求所需的所有资源类型（设备、资金、人员、时间等），并完成资源采购；识别并评估各类资源渠道，以有效制定资源配置方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.2.1
preferred label: 制定资源配置计划与排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Create service order fulfillment schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.2.2
broader: Identify and schedule resources to meet service requirements
definition: Designing a detailed summary of customer service order requirements, along with information concerning the timing and duration for these services. Categorize the customer needs. Monitor the services delivered.
definition: 编制客户服务工单需求的详细摘要，明确各项服务的时间节点与持续周期；对客户需求进行分类；监控已交付服务的执行情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.2.2
preferred label: 制定服务工单履约排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Organize daily service order fulfillment schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.3.1
broader: Provide service to specific customers
definition: Laying out a daily plan of specific service orders that need to be fulfilled. Document and systematically order these activities to ensure high effectiveness and efficiency.
definition: 制定每日需履行的具体服务工单计划；系统化记录并有序组织相关作业活动，确保高效率与高成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.3.1
preferred label: 统筹每日服务工单履约排程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Execute product repair
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.3.2
broader: Provide service to specific customers
definition: Dispatching and delivering the resources needed for the specific service requirements from the source/warehouse. Manage the dispatch, transportation, and delivery of the services.
definition: 从源头或仓库调度并交付满足特定服务需求的资源；统筹资源的调度、运输与交付全过程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.3.2
preferred label: 执行产品维修 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Manage service order fulfillment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.3.3
broader: Provide service to specific customers
definition: Handling and managing orders fulfilled, along with the orders are not or partially fulfilled to track the order fulfillment progress. Use electronic devices such as trackers and GPS in order track and ensure delivery of the orders.
definition: 处理已履约、未履约或部分履约的工单，以追踪工单履约进展；利用追踪器、GPS等电子设备实现全程跟踪，保障订单准时交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.3.3
preferred label: 管理服务工单履约过程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Identify completed service orders for feedback
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.4.1
broader: Ensure quality of service
definition: Determining the service orders that have been successfully delivered. Identify the service orders completed and delivered to the customer. Leverage communication systems to ensure coordination with the customers in order to avoid mishaps.
definition: 确认已成功交付的服务工单；识别已完成并交付至客户的工单；借助通信系统加强与客户的协同，防范服务差错。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.4.1
preferred label: 识别已完成服务工单以开展反馈收集 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Identify incomplete service orders and service failures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.4.2
broader: Ensure quality of service
definition: Determining orders which have not been completed or delivered. Identify the service orders that are partially or entirely incomplete, as well as the orders that have not been delivered to the customer. Use techniques such as project trackers to recognize the progress of the service orders.
definition: 识别未完成或未交付的工单；定位全部或部分未完成、以及尚未交付至客户的工单；运用项目追踪器等工具实时掌握工单执行进度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.4.2
preferred label: 识别未完成服务工单及服务失败情形 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Solicit customer feedback on services delivered
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.4.3
broader: Ensure quality of service
definition: Obtaining and procuring customer reviews or feedback on the services delivered. Design a customer feedback form, or communicate with the customer through the phone or online.
definition: 获取并采集客户对已交付服务的评价或反馈；设计客户反馈表单，或通过电话、线上渠道开展客户沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.4.3
preferred label: 征询客户对已交付服务的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Process customer feedback on services delivered
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.4.4
broader: Ensure quality of service
definition: Assessing and incorporating customer reviews/feedback into the service plan to ensure high quality of service.
definition: 评估客户反馈/评价，并将其纳入服务规划，以保障服务质量持续达标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.4.4
preferred label: 处理客户对已交付服务的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 5

Initiate recall
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.4.1
broader: Manage product recalls and regulatory audits
definition: Commencing the removal process of defective products.
definition: 启动缺陷产品撤回流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.4.1
preferred label: 启动召回 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Assess the likelihood and consequences of occurrence of any hazards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.4.2
broader: Manage product recalls and regulatory audits
definition: Performing risk analysis. Identify all dangers, evaluate how probable they are, and what kinds of negative results or or adverse side effect they carry.
definition: 开展风险分析；识别全部潜在危害，评估其发生概率及可能引发的负面后果或不良影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.4.2
preferred label: 评估各类危害发生可能性及其后果 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage recall related communications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.4.3
broader: Manage product recalls and regulatory audits
definition: Handling communications that are related to product recalls.
definition: 统筹管理与产品召回相关的内外部沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.4.3
preferred label: 管理召回相关沟通 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Submit regulatory reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.4.4
broader: Manage product recalls and regulatory audits
definition: Creating and delivering reports to regulatory agencies to provide details about handling product recalls.
definition: 向监管机构编制并提交产品召回处置情况报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.4.4
preferred label: 提交监管报告 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Monitor and audit recall effectiveness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.4.5
broader: Manage product recalls and regulatory audits
definition: Analyzing the effectiveness of product recalls.
definition: 评估产品召回措施的实际成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.4.5
preferred label: 监测与审计召回有效性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage recall termination
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.4.6
broader: Manage product recalls and regulatory audits
definition: Ending product recalls, communicating to the public and filing reports.
definition: 终止产品召回行动，面向公众发布通告，并完成相关备案报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.4.6
preferred label: 管理召回终止 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Solicit customer feedback on customer service experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.1.1
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with customer problems, requests, and inquiries handling
definition: Creating an avenue for which the customer can provide feedback on their experience with how their inquiry, problem, or request was handled.
definition: 建立客户反馈渠道，使其可就咨询、问题或请求的处理体验提供评价。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.1.1
preferred label: 征询客户对客户服务体验的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer service data and identify improvement opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.1.2
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with customer problems, requests, and inquiries handling
definition: Reviewing customer service feedback to identify areas in which improvements can be made. Engage with management to discuss issues.
definition: 审阅客户服务反馈，识别待改进环节；与管理层协同研讨相关问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.1.2
preferred label: 分析客户服务数据并识别改进机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide customer feedback to product management on customer service experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.1.3
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with customer problems, requests, and inquiries handling
definition: Handing over data to management to analyze common issues in regards to customer service.
definition: 向管理层移交数据分析结果，支持其识别客户服务共性问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.1.3
preferred label: 向产品管理部门反馈客户服务体验相关意见 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Solicit customer feedback on complaint handling and resolution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.2.1
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with customer- complaint handling and resolution
definition: Requesting customer feedback on the process of handling and resolving customer complaints. Obtain information about the effectiveness and performance of the customer complaint handling process from the customers through various means (e.g., online and by phone).
definition: 向客户征询关于投诉处理与解决过程的反馈；通过线上、电话等多种方式获取客户对投诉处理效能与绩效的评价。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.2.1
preferred label: 征询客户对投诉处理与解决的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze customer complaint data and identify improvement opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.2.2
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with customer- complaint handling and resolution
definition: Examining the information obtained through handling and resolving complaints for development/improvement opportunities. Categorize the customer complaints data on the basis of speed, accuracy, courtesy, price, product choice, availability, hours, location, etc. Determine complaint patterns in order to diagnose areas needing enhancement.
definition: 分析投诉处理过程中获取的信息，挖掘改进与发展机会；依据响应速度、准确度、服务态度、价格、产品选择、可获得性、营业时间、地理位置等维度对投诉数据进行分类；识别投诉模式，定位需优化的关键环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.2.2
preferred label: 分析客户投诉数据并识别改进机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify common customer complaints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.2.3
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with customer- complaint handling and resolution
definition: Determining complaint patterns in order to identify common issues. Document common problems for correction.
definition: 识别投诉模式以定位高频共性问题；记录常见问题并推动整改。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.2.3
preferred label: 识别高频客户投诉类型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Gather and solicit post-sale customer feedback on products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.3.1
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with products and services
definition: Obtaining customer feedback/review on the quality and utility derived from the products/services after the sale is complete. Use techniques such as surveys, feedback boxes, and user activity and usability tests.
definition: 在销售完成后，通过问卷调查、意见箱、用户行为与可用性测试等方式，获取客户对产品/服务质量及实用价值的反馈与评价。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.3.1
preferred label: 收集并征询客户售后对产品和服务的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Solicit post-sale customer feedback on promotion effectiveness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.3.2
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with products and services
definition: Assessing the influence of promotions on purchasing behavior. Use techniques such as surveys and product recognition tests, questionnaires or feedback flyers, and toll-free numbers in order to encourage customer interaction after the sale.
definition: 评估促销活动对客户购买行为的影响；采用问卷调查、产品认知测试、反馈传单、免费热线等方式，鼓励客户在售后持续互动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.3.2
preferred label: 征询客户售后对促销活动有效性的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Solicit customer feedback on cross-channel experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.3.3
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with products and services
definition: Engaging with the customer to understand their cross-channel experience. Find out what channels were effective and what areas need improvement.
definition: 与客户沟通，了解其跨渠道服务体验；识别高效渠道与待优化环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.3.3
preferred label: 征询客户对全渠道服务体验的反馈 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Analyze product and service satisfaction data and identify improvement opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.3.4
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with products and services
definition: Assessing the information collected on customer satisfaction levels with products/services in order to determine areas for improvement. Examine the data and information extracted from the customer feedback and reviews to measure the satisfaction levels of the customers. Identify opportunities that could enhance the customer satisfaction levels and the overall customer service strategy.
definition: 分析客户对产品/服务满意度的相关数据，识别改进方向；基于客户反馈与评价数据，量化满意度水平；发掘可提升客户满意度及整体客户服务策略的机会点。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.3.4
preferred label: 分析产品与服务满意度数据并识别改进机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide feedback and insights to appropriate teams (product design/development, marketing, manufacturing)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.3.5
broader: Measure customer satisfaction with products and services
definition: Providing feedback from customers on products/services to the product management team. Analyze information collected through Gather and solicit post-sale customer feedback on products/services [11238]. Share with the product management team for consideration while improving existing offerings or developing new products/services.
definition: 将客户对产品/服务的反馈提交至产品管理团队；分析通过“收集并征询售后客户对产品/服务的反馈[11238]”所获信息，并同步至产品管理团队，供其在优化现有产品/服务或研发新品时参考。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.3.5
preferred label: 向相关部门（产品设计/开发、市场营销、制造）提供反馈与洞察 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Measure customer satisfaction with warranty handling and resolution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.4.1
broader: Evaluate and manage warranty performance
definition: Evaluating how satisfied customers are with how product warranties are managed and resolved.
definition: 评估客户对产品保修管理与问题解决过程的满意度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.4.1
preferred label: 衡量客户对保修处理与解决的满意度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor and report on warranty management metrics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.4.2
broader: Evaluate and manage warranty performance
definition: Comparing warranties by using applicable metrics to see how they are handled and resolved. Develop and submit reports that summarize significant conclusions.
definition: 基于适用指标对比不同保修方案的处理与解决效能；编制并提交汇总关键结论的分析报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.4.2
preferred label: 监测并报告保修管理指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify improvement opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.4.3
broader: Evaluate and manage warranty performance
definition: Determining how warranties and warranty management can be made better and more efficient.
definition: 识别提升保修服务及保修管理效能与效率的优化路径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.4.3
preferred label: 识别改进机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify opportunities to eliminate warranty waste
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.4.4
broader: Evaluate and manage warranty performance
definition: Finding ways to phase out unused or seldom used warranties.
definition: 探索逐步淘汰未使用或极少使用的保修服务的途径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.4.4
preferred label: 识别消除保修浪费的机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Investigate fraudulent claims
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.4.5
broader: Evaluate and manage warranty performance
definition: Reviewing and assessing claims that contain deliberately incorrect information or that have been submitted with the goal to deceive the system.
definition: 审查并评估包含故意错误信息或旨在欺骗系统的索赔申请。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.4.5
preferred label: 调查欺诈性索赔 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate recall performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.5
broader: Evaluate customer service operations and customer satisfaction
definition: Reviewing customer service feedback to identify areas in which improvements can be made. Engage with management to discuss issues.
definition: 分析客户服务反馈，识别可改进领域，并与管理层就相关问题开展沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.5
preferred label: 评估召回绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify strategic HR needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.1
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Strategically defining the current and future needs for developing an efficient HR strategy.
definition: 战略性界定当前及未来需求，以支撑高效人力资源战略的制定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.1
preferred label: 识别战略性人力资本需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design the employee experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.10
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Designing the intended end-to-end employee experience across key moments in the employee lifecycle to support engagement, performance, retention, and alignment with organizational culture and workforce objectives.
definition: 围绕员工全生命周期关键节点，设计端到端员工体验，以支撑员工敬业度、绩效表现、留存率及与组织文化、人力资本目标的一致性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.10
preferred label: 设计员工体验 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define HR and business function roles and accountability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.2
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Outlining the charge and duty of the HR function by defining its responsibility areas, as well as ensuring its accountability. Establish the HR function by laying out the roles and responsibilities for this function and the rules and regulations guiding HR. Define the goals and objectives of the HR, as well as a mission and vision for this function. Create a mechanism involving a set of policies, code of conduct, and institutional procedure to ensure HR accountability.
definition: 明确人力资源职能的职责与使命，界定其责任领域并确保履职问责；通过厘清角色、职责、规章制度及管理规范，确立人力资源职能架构；设定人力资源职能的目标、使命与愿景；建立由政策体系、行为准则及制度流程构成的问责机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.2
preferred label: 界定人力资本与业务职能的角色及职责 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine HR function roles and structure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.3
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Establishing the roles that are required to execute the HR function. This process also examines the organizational structure required to support the organization.
definition: 明确履行人力资源职能所必需的岗位角色，并同步审视支撑组织运行所需的组织架构。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.3
preferred label: 确定人力资本职能角色与组织架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine HR delivery model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.4
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Determining how an organization's human resources department offers services to and interacts with employees.
definition: 界定人力资源部门向员工提供服务的方式及其互动模式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.4
preferred label: 确定人力资本交付模式 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine HR costs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.5
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Ascertaining the costs and expenses of the HR function. Identify and report HR investments using, for example, a cost approach or a present value of future earnings approach.
definition: 核算人力资源职能的成本与费用；采用成本法或未来收益现值法等方法识别并报告人力资源投资。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.5
preferred label: 核定人力资本成本 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish HR measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.6
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Evaluating the performance of HR function. Lay out the course of HR procedures that would formulate a plan of action needed to fulfill strategic HR needs. Deploy measures such as hiring policies, leave management, internal code of conducts, and compensation structure.
definition: 评估人力资源职能绩效；梳理人力资源流程路径，制定落实战略性人力资源需求的行动计划；部署招聘政策、休假管理、内部行为规范、薪酬结构等具体措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.6
preferred label: 建立人力资本衡量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Communicate HR strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.7
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Conveying the strategies of HR function to employees and management. Effectively explain the vision, plans, and anticipated benefits of the HR strategy to employees, as well as the public. Develop statements and messages that are easy to read, informative, and relevant to the audience.
definition: 向员工与管理层宣贯人力资源职能战略；清晰阐释人力资源战略的愿景、规划及预期收益；面向员工及公众编制简明、准确、贴合受众的信息声明与传播内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.7
preferred label: 宣贯人力资本战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop strategy for HR systems/technologies/tools
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.8
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Creating a strategy for the use of systems/technologies/tools in operating the HR function. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Create a strategy concerning the use and utility of HR support tools and technologies. Decide what specific tools to use and in what quantity. Determine the levels of technology required for the HR management.
definition: 制定人力资源职能所用系统/技术/工具的应用策略，涵盖人工智能（AI）等新兴及演进技术；制定人力资源支持工具与技术的使用与效用策略；明确具体工具选型、部署规模及人力资源管理所需的技术层级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.8
preferred label: 制定人力资本系统/技术/工具战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage employer branding
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1.9
broader: Develop human resources strategy
definition: Creating, maintaining and communicating company's reputation and values to keep current employees and attract potential hires.
definition: 塑造、维护并传播企业声誉与价值观，以维系现有员工并吸引潜在人才。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1.9
preferred label: 管理雇主品牌 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and manage strategic workforce planning framework
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.1.1
broader: Perform strategic workforce planning
definition: Defining and maintaining the structure, principles, and approaches used to assess workforce supply and demand, capabilities, and gaps over the strategic planning horizon.
definition: 定义并维护用于评估战略规划周期内人力资本供需、能力现状及缺口的结构、原则与方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.1.1
preferred label: 构建并管理战略性员工队伍规划框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Perform business unit workforce planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.1.2
broader: Perform strategic workforce planning
definition: Determining the requirements for employees and the need for employee resourcing for each unit/function. Lay out a plan detailing employee resourcing requirements of individual functions and the organization as a whole.
definition: 确定各业务单元/职能的人力配置需求；制定覆盖各职能及组织整体的人力配置需求计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.1.2
preferred label: 开展业务单元员工队伍规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Advise business in implementing strategic workforce planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.1.3
broader: Perform strategic workforce planning
definition: Providing guidance and expertise to business leaders on applying the strategic workforce planning framework to inform workforce decisions, plans, and initiatives.
definition: 为业务领导者提供专业指导与支持，协助其应用战略性人力资本规划框架，支撑人力资本相关决策、计划与举措。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.1.3
preferred label: 为业务部门实施战略性员工队伍规划提供咨询建议 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Partner with the business to execute workforce plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.1.4
broader: Perform strategic workforce planning
definition: Collaborating with business leaders to translate workforce plans into actionable initiatives and to support execution of agreed workforce actions.
definition: 协同业务领导者，将人力资本规划转化为可执行举措，并支持已达成共识的人力资本行动落地。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.1.4
preferred label: 协同业务部门执行员工队伍计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Monitor and adjust strategic workforce plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.1.5
broader: Perform strategic workforce planning
definition: Tracking workforce outcomes and changes in business needs to update workforce plans and address emerging gaps, risks, or opportunities.
definition: 跟踪人力资本成效及业务需求变化，动态更新人力资本规划，及时应对新出现的能力缺口、风险或机遇。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.1.5
preferred label: 监控并动态调整战略性员工队伍计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Develop HR policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.10
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating rules and regulations that govern the HR function. Develop a policy plan that serves as a guideline for setting rules and regulations that help in achieving the HR goals and objectives.
definition: 制定规范人力资源职能运行的规章制度；编制政策规划，作为制定支撑人力资源目标与使命的规则与规范的指导依据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.10
preferred label: 制定人力资本政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Administer HR policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.11
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Ensuring rules and regulations are followed and are flexible enough to accommodate indispensable deviations.
definition: 确保规章制度有效执行，并保有必要的弹性以应对不可规避的例外情形。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.11
preferred label: 执行人力资本政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan employee benefits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.12
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Planning benefits in kind (also called fringe benefits, perquisites, or perks). Include various types of non-wage compensations provided to employees in addition to normal wages or salaries.
definition: 规划实物福利（亦称附加福利、津贴或 perks），即除基本工资或薪资外向员工提供的各类非货币性报酬。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.12
preferred label: 规划员工福利 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop workforce strategy models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.13
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating and implementing models for effectively strategizing the work force of the organization. Develop a model that specifies the organization's overall approach for maximizing the performance of its work force by defining the goals, objectives, and expectations of the work force. Manage all aspects of performance required for the work force to function, including recruitment, selection, retention, and professional development.
definition: 构建并实施组织人力资本战略模型；明确组织最大化人力资本效能的整体路径，界定人力资本目标、期望与绩效要求；统筹管理人力资本全周期绩效要素，包括招聘、甄选、保留与专业发展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.13
preferred label: 开发员工队伍战略模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement workforce strategy models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.14
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Implementing models for effectively strategizing the work force of the organization. Carry out all aspects of performance required for the work force to function, including recruitment, selection, retention, and professional development.
definition: 落地实施组织人力资本战略模型；全面执行人力资本全周期绩效管理，涵盖招聘、甄选、保留与专业发展等环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.14
preferred label: 实施员工队伍战略模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage job families
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.15
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Overseeing a group of similar individual or teams with similar education, skills, training, or experience.
definition: 统筹管理具有相似教育背景、技能、培训或经验的个人或团队群组。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.15
preferred label: 管理岗位族 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and maintain job descriptions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.16
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating descriptions for job requisitions. Define the normal components of a job description, such as the overall position description with general areas of responsibility listed, essential functions of the job described with a couple of examples of each, required knowledge, skills, abilities, required education and experience, a description of the physical demands, and a description of the work environment.
definition: 编制职位说明书：明确职位说明书的标准构成，包括总体岗位概述（列明主要职责领域）、核心岗位职能（每项附1–2个实例）、必备知识、技能与能力、学历及经验要求、身体条件要求，以及工作环境描述。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.16
preferred label: 编制并维护岗位说明书 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish wages, salaries, and benefits strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.2.1
broader: Develop total compensation and rewards strategy
definition: Defining the strategic approach for wages, salaries, and benefits to support workforce attraction, retention, performance, and alignment with organizational objectives and market conditions.
definition: 制定支撑人才吸引、保留、绩效提升及组织目标与市场环境适配的薪酬（含工资、薪资、福利）战略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.2.1
preferred label: 制定薪资、工资与福利战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Establish incentive strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.2.2
broader: Develop total compensation and rewards strategy
definition: Creating a scheme of rewards and recognition for employees to promote a results-based culture. Create specific incentives to reach desired outcomes, such as landing key clients, growing the customer base, providing exceptional servicing, and increasing profit margins.
definition: 构建员工认可与奖励体系，营造结果导向文化；针对关键客户签约、客户规模增长、卓越服务交付、利润率提升等目标，设计专项激励方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.2.2
preferred label: 制定激励战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Establish a severance pay strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.2.3
broader: Develop total compensation and rewards strategy
definition: Defining the approach to severance pay, including principles and guidelines, to support workforce transitions while managing financial, legal, and reputational considerations.
definition: 制定离职补偿方案，明确原则与指引，在兼顾财务、法律及声誉影响的前提下，支持人力资本平稳过渡。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.2.3
preferred label: 制定离职补偿战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Develop succession plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.3
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating and implementing the plan for continuation of key positions within the organization. Identify internal people with the potential to fill key business leadership positions. Provide critical development experiences to employees who can move into important roles. Engage leaders to support the development of high-potential leaders.
definition: 制定并实施关键岗位继任计划；识别具备潜力的内部人员以接任关键业务领导岗位；为高潜员工提供关键发展历练；推动各级管理者参与高潜领导人才培育。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.3
preferred label: 制定继任计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop high performers/leadership programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.4
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating a program that incorporates incentives and compensation put forth by the organization to recognize high performing workers and excellence in leadership.
definition: 制定并实施表彰高绩效员工与卓越领导力的激励与薪酬计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.4
preferred label: 制定高绩效人才/领导力发展项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop diversity, equity, and inclusion plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.5
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating and implementing the plan for ensuring a diverse work force. Develop and hire employees with varying characteristics including, but not limited to, religious and political beliefs, gender, ethnicity, education, socioeconomic background, sexual orientation, and geographic location.
definition: 制定并实施多元化人力资本建设方案；招聘具有不同特征的员工，包括但不限于宗教信仰、政治立场、性别、民族、教育背景、社会经济背景、性取向及地域分布。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.5
preferred label: 制定多元化、公平性与包容性（DE&I）计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement diversity, equity, and inclusion plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.6
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Execution of diversity, equity, and inclusion plans within an organization. Often called a DEI plan.
definition: 在组织内执行多元化、公平性与包容性（DEI）计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.6
preferred label: 实施多元化、公平性与包容性（DE&I）计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design talent acquisition program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.7
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Developing a program to entice prospective resources to engage with the organization for a position of employment.
definition: 制定并实施雇主品牌建设方案，吸引潜在人才与组织建立就业联系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.7
preferred label: 设计人才招聘项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design talent development program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.8
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Identifying skills, knowledge, and attributes that need enhancement in order to perform a job. Develop the appropriate training programs. These programs can be computer-based, classroom, or on-the-job training, etc.
definition: 识别岗位所需提升的技能、知识与素质；开发适配培训项目，形式包括线上学习、课堂授课、在岗实践等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.8
preferred label: 设计人才培养项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop other HR programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.9
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating HR programs and services such as employee engagements programs to promote positive employee behavior. Create a variety of programs and services to support employees' professional and personal needs at work and at home.
definition: 设计并提供人力资源项目与服务（如员工敬业度计划），促进积极行为；构建多样化项目与服务体系，满足员工职业发展与家庭生活等多维需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.9
preferred label: 制定其他人力资本项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure realization of HR objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.3.1
broader: Monitor and update HR strategies, plans, and policies
definition: Determining the accomplishment of HR and workforce goals and objectives. Evaluate the effectiveness of the HR function by estimating the present rate of achievement of the established objectives. Use metrics to determine if the objectives are being realized. Leverage measures such as turnover, training, return on human capital, costs of labor, and expenses per employee.
definition: 评估人力资源（HR）与员工队伍目标及任务的完成情况。通过估算既定目标当前达成率，评估HR职能有效性；借助关键指标（如员工流失率、培训覆盖率、人力资本投资回报率（ROI）、人工成本、人均费用等）判断目标实现程度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.3.1
preferred label: 衡量人力资源目标达成情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure contribution of HR to business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.3.2
broader: Monitor and update HR strategies, plans, and policies
definition: Determining the role of the HR function in implementing the organizational strategy. Measure the correlation between the HR and workforce performance and the overall business strategy. Calculate the amount of contribution of the HR function to the overall business growth.
definition: 评估人力资源（HR）职能在组织战略落地中的作用。量化HR与员工队伍绩效与整体业务战略之间的关联度，测算HR职能对组织整体业务增长的实际贡献值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.3.2
preferred label: 衡量人力资源对业务战略的贡献度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Communicate HR plans and provide updates to stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.3.3
broader: Monitor and update HR strategies, plans, and policies
definition: Conveying the plans for HR function to stakeholders. Ensure that the HR plans and strategy are effectively communicated to the people who can affect or be affected by the organization's actions, objectives, and policies such as the creditors, shareholders, employees, and suppliers. Provide regular updates to these stakeholders to ensure effective communication.
definition: 向利益相关方传达人力资源规划与策略：确保债权人、股东、员工、供应商等可能受组织行动、目标及政策影响的相关方及时、准确获知人力资源规划与战略；定期提供更新信息，保障沟通实效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.3.3
preferred label: 向利益相关方沟通人力资源计划并提供进展更新 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review and revise HR plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.3.4
broader: Monitor and update HR strategies, plans, and policies
definition: Reassessing the strategies, plans, and policies of the HR function, with the objective of revising them. Revisit the schematic plans for the HR function. Taking stock of any suggestions or feedback from the stakeholders, revamp the blueprint of HR strategies and plans.
definition: 重新审视并优化人力资源战略、计划与政策：复盘人力资源职能的整体规划框架；结合利益相关方反馈与建议，迭代升级人力资源战略与计划蓝图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.3.4
preferred label: 评审与修订人力资源计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop competency management models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.4
broader: Develop and manage human resources (HR) planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating and implementing the tools for managing the competency levels of HR. Design a model for integrating HR planning with business planning. Assess current HR capacity based on the competencies against the capacity needed to achieve the vision, mission, and business goals of the organization. Consider factors such as employee development, career path, compensation policies, and performance management.
definition: 构建并实施人力资源胜任力管理体系：设计人力资源规划与业务规划协同模型；基于胜任力评估现有人力资源能力现状，并对照组织愿景、使命及业务目标所需能力缺口；统筹员工发展、职业路径、薪酬政策与绩效管理等因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.4
preferred label: 构建并完善胜任力管理模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

AI-Driven Talent Acquisition
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop and manage human resources (HR) planning, policies, and strategies
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Driven Talent Acquisition.
definition: AI时代活动：人工智能驱动的人才获取（AI-Driven Talent Acquisition） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.5
preferred label: 人工智能驱动的人才招聘 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Align staffing plan to work force plan and business unit strategies/resource needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1.1
broader: Manage employee requisitions
definition: Creating a correspondence between the plan for hiring new employees and the desired employee requirements. Staff an adequate amount of people with the appropriate skills to effectively accomplish its legislative, regulatory, service, and production requirements.
definition: 对齐招聘计划与用人需求：配置具备适当技能的足额人员，切实支撑组织在法规遵从、监管合规、客户服务及生产运营等方面的刚性要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1.1
preferred label: 将人员配置计划与人力资本规划及业务单元战略/资源需求对齐 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Open job requisitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1.2
broader: Manage employee requisitions
definition: Developing specific job requisitions, and ensuring their accessibility. Create and open a job requisition to fill the vacant positions within the organization. Clearly describe the job title, department, fill date, and the requisite skills and qualifications for the job.
definition: 制定具体职位申请：针对组织内部空缺岗位创建并启动职位申请流程；清晰注明岗位名称、所属部门、到岗时限，以及所需技能与任职资格。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1.2
preferred label: 启动岗位需求申请 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Approve job requisition
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1.3
broader: Manage employee requisitions
definition: Reviewing and authorizing requests to fill positions to ensure alignment with workforce plans, budget constraints, and organizational approval requirements
definition: 审核并批准岗位填补申请，确保其与人力资本规划、预算约束及组织审批要求保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1.3
preferred label: 审批岗位需求申请 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Post job requisitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1.4
broader: Manage employee requisitions
definition: Posting and advertising job descriptions. Display open job descriptions internally and externally. Use public portals, online portals, and websites to upload these requisitions in order for applications to be received.
definition: 发布与推广职位说明书：在组织内部及外部渠道同步展示开放职位；通过公共平台、在线招聘门户及官网等渠道发布职位申请，以接收应聘申请。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1.4
preferred label: 发布岗位需求申请 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Modify job requisitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1.5
broader: Manage employee requisitions
definition: Making the necessary alterations to job requisitions. Revamp or revise the job requisitions in case a position is filled or is not vacant anymore, as well as in case of any new openings. (It involves Manage the internal/external job posting websites [10449] to make the necessary changes.)
definition: 动态调整职位申请：当岗位已填补或不再空缺，或出现新增空缺时，及时更新或修订职位申请。（含维护内外部招聘网站 [10449] 的相关变更。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1.5
preferred label: 修改岗位需求申请 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Notify hiring manager
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1.6
broader: Manage employee requisitions
definition: Informing and communicating with the hiring manager. Notify the manager responsible for the hiring process in cases of any new position openings or changes.
definition: 及时向招聘经理通报：在出现新岗位空缺或职位申请发生变更时，第一时间通知对应招聘负责人。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1.6
preferred label: 通知用人部门负责人 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage requisition dates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1.7
broader: Manage employee requisitions
definition: Determining and managing the dates for the employee requisition process.
definition: 统筹管理职位申请全流程时间节点。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1.7
preferred label: 管理岗位需求申请时间节点 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine recruitment methods and channels
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.2.1
broader: Recruit/Source candidates
definition: Defining the methods and channels for recruitments in order to maximize the amount of candidate availability. Use channels such as headhunting, job postings, job portals, networking websites, and media advertising. Choose from the various methods of recruitment such as internal/external third-party sourcing.
definition: 明确招聘方法与渠道，最大化候选人供给：综合运用猎头服务、职位发布、招聘网站、社交平台、媒体广告等方式；灵活选用内部推荐、外部第三方寻源等各类招聘模式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.2.1
preferred label: 确定招聘方式与渠道 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform recruiting activities/events
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.2.2
broader: Recruit/Source candidates
definition: Organizing and executing recruiting activities and events. Activities and events include on-campus hiring, refresher courses, information sessions, career fairs, etc. to increase the coverage of the sourcing in order to ensure that the most deserving and appropriate candidates are hired.
definition: 策划并执行招聘活动与事件：包括校园招聘、行业交流会、企业开放日、职业博览会等，扩大人才触达范围，确保遴选最契合、最优秀候选人。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.2.2
preferred label: 开展招聘活动/宣讲会 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and maintain candidate pool
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.2.3
broader: Recruit/Source candidates
definition: Cultivating relationships with potential job candidates even when there are no immediate openings. Building the talent pipeline for potential future hiring needs.
definition: 持续培育潜在候选人关系：即使暂无即时招聘需求，亦主动维系优质人才联系，构建面向未来需求的人才储备池（Talent Pipeline）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.2.3
preferred label: 构建并维护候选人人才库 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage recruitment vendors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.2.4
broader: Recruit/Source candidates
definition: Establishing and maintaining relationships with recruitment vendors (suppliers). Create and maintain relationships with third-party agencies such as staffing and firms to expand. Use these relationships to implement the sourcing process effectively.
definition: 建立并维护招聘供应商（供应商）合作关系：与猎头公司、外包人力服务机构等第三方建立并持续优化合作关系，支撑高效人才寻源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.2.4
preferred label: 管理招聘外包供应商 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage employee referral programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.2.5
broader: Recruit/Source candidates
definition: Creating and managing a recruiting strategy where current employees are rewarded for referring qualified candidates for employment.
definition: 构建并运营员工内推激励机制：对成功推荐合格候选人的在职员工给予相应奖励。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.2.5
preferred label: 管理员工内部推荐计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage recruitment channels
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.2.6
broader: Recruit/Source candidates
definition: Establishing and maintaining internal and external channels for recruiting. Extract the best out of every recruitment channel. Manage all the processes related to all the sourcing channels including maintaining career pages on the organization website.
definition: 建设并维护内外部招聘渠道：深度挖掘各渠道效能；统一管理全渠道招聘流程，包括组织官网职业页面的运营与维护。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.2.6
preferred label: 管理招聘渠道 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and deploy candidate selection tools
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.3.1
broader: Screen and select candidates
definition: Identifying and implementing tools for the selection of candidates. Recognize candidate selection tools such as screening, telephone interviews, hiring manager interviews, drug testing, and skills assessment. Effectively deploy these tools to check if the candidates fit in the workplace or not, as well as to ensure workplace safety.
definition: 识别并部署候选人甄选工具：涵盖简历初筛、电话面试、用人部门面试、药物检测、技能测评等；科学应用上述工具，全面评估候选人岗位适配性与职场安全性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.3.1
preferred label: 识别并部署候选人甄选工具 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Interview candidates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.3.2
broader: Screen and select candidates
definition: Assessing the candidates by their performance in the interviews. Conduct HR interview, technical interview, hiring manager interview, etc. Understand the mindset of the candidate, and comprehend his/her personal and professional lives.
definition: 通过结构化面试评估候选人：开展HR面试、技术面试、用人部门面试等；深入理解候选人思维模式、职业素养及个人背景。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.3.2
preferred label: 开展候选人面试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Test candidates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.3.3
broader: Screen and select candidates
definition: Examining the candidates through tests. Prepare tools such as aptitude, technical, and grammar tests. Test the skills of the candidate through a written, oral, or computerized test.
definition: 通过标准化测试考察候选人：设计并实施能力倾向测试、专业技术测试、语言表达测试等；采用笔试、口试或机考等形式全面检验候选人实际技能水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.3.3
preferred label: 实施候选人测评 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Select and reject candidates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.3.4
broader: Screen and select candidates
definition: Approving the deserving candidates, and rejecting the others. Examining the performance of candidates. Ensure candidates would fit well with the organization. (Assess performance from Interview candidates [10457] and Test candidates [10458].)
definition: 审批录用合适候选人，淘汰不匹配者：综合评估候选人表现，确保其文化适配性与组织契合度。（依据【面试候选人】[10457] 与【测试候选人】[10458] 数据完成评估。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.3.4
preferred label: 确定录用与淘汰人选 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Draw up and make offer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.4.1
broader: Manage new hire/re-hire
definition: Compiling job-related information for the selected candidates in order to make up a job. Include information about the job description, reporting relationship, salary, bonus potential, benefits, and vacation allotment.
definition: 整合录用相关信息：汇总岗位说明书、汇报关系、薪资结构、奖金机会、福利待遇及年假额度等关键要素，形成完整录用方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.4.1
preferred label: 拟定并发出录用通知 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Negotiate offer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.4.2
broader: Manage new hire/re-hire
definition: Negotiating an offer with selected candidates. Discuss the job offer with the candidate to ensure a mutual understanding.
definition: 与候选人协商录用条件：就录用方案进行充分沟通，确保双方理解一致、意愿统一。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.4.2
preferred label: 开展录用条件谈判 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Hire candidate
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.4.3
broader: Manage new hire/re-hire
definition: Wrapping up the process for hiring candidates. Agree to all hiring terms and conditions. Have the candidate accept and sign the job offer.
definition: 完成录用签约流程：就全部聘用条款与条件达成共识；由候选人正式接受并签署录用通知书。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.4.3
preferred label: 完成候选人入职 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Obtain candidate background information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.5.1
broader: Manage applicant information
definition: Conducting a background investigation on the candidates with the objective of gathering and compiling criminal, commercial, medical, and financial information.
definition: 开展候选人背景调查：系统采集并整合其刑事记录、商业信用、健康状况及财务状况等信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.5.1
preferred label: 获取候选人背景信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create applicant record
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.5.2
broader: Manage applicant information
definition: Creating and documenting the records of all applicants. Manage all individual applicants, including hires and non-hires. Maintain records to avoid any duplication and promote efficiency.
definition: 建立并规范记录所有应聘者档案：覆盖录用与未录用人员；统一建档、避免重复，提升管理效率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.5.2
preferred label: 建立应聘者档案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Complete position classification and level of experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.5.3.1
broader: Manage/Track applicant data
definition: Identifying the requirements for the position to be filled. Determine the experience and skills necessary to perform the tasks outlined.
definition: 明确待填补岗位的核心要求：界定胜任该岗位所需的经验与关键技能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.5.3.1
preferred label: 完成岗位职级分类与经验等级评定 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Archive and retain records of non-hires
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.5.4
broader: Manage applicant information
definition: Retaining and storing the records of the candidates who were rejected and not hired to ensure future availability in case the need arises. Create a centralized repository of profiles. Label these records in order to readily identify them. Add remarks for any future consideration.
definition: 留存未录用候选人档案以备未来之需：建立候选人集中档案库；规范标注分类标签，便于快速识别；附加备注说明，支持后续优先复用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.5.4
preferred label: 归档并保存未录用人员记录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop employee onboarding program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.1.1
broader: Manage employee onboarding
definition: Creating and maintaining a mechanism through which new employees acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, and behaviors to become effective organizational members and insiders. Conduct formal meetings, lectures, videos, printed materials, and/or computer-based orientations to introduce newcomers to their new jobs and the organization.
definition: 构建机制，帮助新员工掌握必备的知识、技能与行为规范，快速成长为合格的组织成员与内部人；通过正式会议、讲座、视频、印刷资料及/或基于计算机的入职培训等方式，向新人介绍岗位职责与组织概况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.1.1
preferred label: 制定员工入职计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement employee onboarding program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.1.2
broader: Manage employee onboarding
definition: Bringing the employee on-boarding program into effect. Implement Develop employee onboarding program [10474]. Conduct training sessions and employee engagement programs.
definition: 推动员工入职计划落地实施；开展员工入职计划开发工作［10474］；组织培训课程与员工融入活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.1.2
preferred label: 实施员工入职计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and update employee onboarding program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.1.3
broader: Manage employee onboarding
definition: Assessing the performance and effectiveness of employee on-boarding program. Examine the performance of on-boarding program through feedback and reviews from the new employees. Create web and written forms. Obtain information through face-to-face discussions.
definition: 评估员工入职计划的绩效与实效性；通过新员工反馈与评审开展效果检验；设计线上及纸质问卷；通过面对面访谈收集信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.1.3
preferred label: 监控并更新员工入职计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define employee performance objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.2.1
broader: Manage employee performance
definition: Outlining the objectives for employee performance. Establish key performance objectives and measures such as customer-focus objectives, financially focused objectives, and employee growth objectives.
definition: 明确员工绩效目标；确立关键绩效目标与衡量指标，包括客户导向目标、财务导向目标及员工成长目标等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.2.1
preferred label: 设定员工绩效目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review employee performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.2.2
broader: Manage employee performance
definition: Execution of employee reviews/performance on a frequent basis. May include ongoing feedback and coaching activities.
definition: 高频次开展员工绩效评审/考核工作；可包含持续性反馈与辅导活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.2.2
preferred label: 开展员工绩效评审 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Document employee performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.2.3
broader: Manage employee performance
definition: Document the results of both formal reviews to include both positive and negative feedback and commentary. May include acknowledgement by involved parties.
definition: 归档正式评审结果，完整记录正向与负向反馈及评述意见；可包含相关方签字确认。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.2.3
preferred label: 记录员工绩效信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and update performance program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.2.4
broader: Manage employee performance
definition: Assessing and revamping performance programs, including the instruments used to measure employee performance standards. Review and upgrade these performance programs to avoid any deprivations and ensure effectiveness.
definition: 评估并优化绩效管理体系，包括用于衡量员工绩效标准的工具；定期复审与升级体系，避免功能缺失，确保其持续有效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.2.4
preferred label: 监控并更新绩效管理体系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define employee development guidelines
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.1
broader: Manage employee career development
definition: Outlining the guidelines for development of employees. Design development policies and procedures to identify areas of growth for employees, either in their current position or in preparation for future roles. Include topics related to knowledge and skill development.
definition: 明确员工发展指导方针；设计发展政策与流程，识别员工当前岗位或未来角色所需的成长领域；涵盖知识与技能发展相关内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.1
preferred label: 制定员工发展指导方针 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop employee career plans and career paths
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.2
broader: Manage employee career development
definition: Designing a future career path for the employees that encourages them to explore and gather information.
definition: 为员工设计面向未来的职业发展路径，鼓励其主动探索并获取相关信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.2
preferred label: 制定员工职业规划与职业发展路径 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage employee skill and competency development
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.3
broader: Manage employee career development
definition: Administering the development of employee skills. Conduct training, coaching and mentoring, job-rotation and cross training, lateral moves, etc. Maintain records of employee skills and competencies.
definition: 统筹员工技能发展工作；开展培训、辅导与导师制、轮岗与交叉培训、横向调动等；维护员工技能与胜任力档案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.3
preferred label: 管理员工技能与胜任力建设 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify critical roles
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.4.1
broader: Establish succession plans
definition: Determining roles that are essential to organizational performance or continuity and that require succession planning.
definition: 识别对组织绩效或持续运营至关重要的岗位，明确需纳入继任规划的关键岗位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.4.1
preferred label: 识别关键岗位 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Select potential successors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.4.2
broader: Establish succession plans
definition: Identifying and selecting employees with the potential to assume critical roles based on defined criteria and future capability requirements.
definition: 依据既定标准与未来能力需求，识别并遴选具备承担关键岗位潜力的员工。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.4.2
preferred label: 遴选潜在继任者 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Develop and implement individual succession plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.4.3
broader: Establish succession plans
definition: Creating and executing development plans for identified successors to prepare them for future roles through targeted learning and experience opportunities.
definition: 为已识别的继任者制定并执行发展计划，通过定向学习与实践机会为其胜任未来角色做好准备。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.4.3
preferred label: 制定并实施个人继任计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Review and update succession plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.4.4
broader: Establish succession plans
definition: Reviewing succession plans on a regular basis and updating them to reflect changes in roles, talent, organizational priorities, and performance outcomes.
definition: 定期复审继任计划，并根据岗位变化、人才状况、组织优先事项及绩效结果动态更新。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.4.4
preferred label: 评审并更新继任计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Align organizational development needs to employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.1
broader: Develop and train employees
definition: Identifying the skills, competencies, and knowledge required by the organization to achieve its strategic goals and ensuring employees' growth directly contributes to achieving those goals.
definition: 识别组织实现战略目标所需的关键技能、胜任力与知识，确保员工成长直接支撑组织目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.1
preferred label: 将组织发展需求与员工能力相匹配 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define employees competencies and skills
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.2
broader: Develop and train employees
definition: Defining the skills, knowledge, abilities, and attributes needed to achieve the desired core capabilities and competencies of the organization.
definition: 界定组织实现核心能力与关键胜任力所必需的技能、知识、能力及素质要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.2
preferred label: 界定员工胜任力与技能要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Align learning programs with competencies and skills
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.3
broader: Develop and train employees
definition: Aligning the learning programs with the core capabilities and competencies of the organization. Contextualize the training programs so that employees can expand their knowledge base and add new skills in line with the core competencies of the organization.
definition: 将学习项目与组织核心能力及关键胜任力对齐；结合组织核心胜任力设计培训内容，助力员工拓展知识结构、提升匹配能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.3
preferred label: 使学习项目与胜任力及技能要求相匹配 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish training needs by analysis of required and available skills
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.4
broader: Develop and train employees
definition: Determining the training necessitated by business processes, using an examination of skill sets that are needed by the organization and those already possessed. Examine the various skills required by individual employees. Design training in light of the availability of resources to provide specific segments of training.
definition: 基于业务流程分析培训需求，比对组织所需技能与员工现有技能差距；细化至个体员工层级的技能需求分析；结合资源可用性，分模块设计培训方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.4
preferred label: 通过所需技能与现有技能分析确定培训需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop, conduct, and manage employee training programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.5
broader: Develop and train employees
definition: Creating, implementing, and managing the programs for training employees. Create and design sessions on the basis of the needs and the availability of the skills. Conduct the sessions in person or virtually. Manage all aspects related to the training programs. Consider including literacy training, interpersonal skills training, technical training, problem-solving training, diversity or sensitivity training, etc.
definition: 统筹员工培训项目的策划、实施与管理；依据需求与技能基础设计培训课程；采用线下或线上方式授课；全面管理培训全流程；可涵盖识字教育、人际沟通、专业技术、问题解决、多元包容与敏感度等主题培训。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.5
preferred label: 开发、实施与管理员工培训项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Liaise with external certification authorities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.6.1
broader: Manage examinations and certifications
definition: Coordinating with third party certification authorities to provide training and certifications for necessary skills.
definition: 协同第三方认证机构，为必要技能提供培训与认证服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.6.1
preferred label: 对接外部认证机构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Administer certification tests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.6.2
broader: Manage examinations and certifications
definition: Providing tests to the workforce that will satisfy completion of certifications.
definition: 面向员工组织认证考试，验证其完成认证要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.6.2
preferred label: 组织认证考试实施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Appraise experience qualifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.6.3
broader: Manage examinations and certifications
definition: Ascertaining the experience level needed to qualify for a specific job or certification within the organization. Some certificates require practical experience as well as training programs.
definition: 明确特定岗位或组织内某项认证所需的实践经验门槛；部分证书同时要求实操经验与培训经历。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.6.3
preferred label: 评估从业经验资质 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Administer certificate issue and maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.6.4
broader: Manage examinations and certifications
definition: Administering certificates to all candidates that have successfully met experience qualifications, and passed all tests necessary to obtain the certificate.
definition: 向满足经验资格且通过全部认证考试的候选人颁发证书。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.6.4
preferred label: 负责证书发放与维护管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Monitor and evaluate learning programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.7
broader: Develop and train employees
definition: Oversight of the organization's learning programs. This process also includes the effectiveness of these programs.
definition: 监督组织学习项目的整体运行，同步评估其实施成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.7
preferred label: 监控与评估学习项目效果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

AI-Powered Employee Experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage employee onboarding, training, and development
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Employee Experience.
definition: AI时代专项活动：AI赋能员工体验。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.5
preferred label: AI 驱动的员工体验 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage labor relations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.4.1
broader: Manage employee relations
definition: Managing labor relations, the collective bargaining process, and the relationships between the labor and management. Take care of employee grievances.
definition: 管理劳资关系、集体谈判流程及劳资双方互动；妥善处理员工申诉事项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.4.1
preferred label: 管理劳资关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage collective bargaining process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.4.2
broader: Manage employee relations
definition: Managing any negotiations between an employer and a group of employees that determine the conditions of employment. Engage employees to reach agreements in regulating working conditions.
definition: 管理雇主与员工群体之间就雇佣条件展开的协商；推动员工参与，就工作条件达成共识性协议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.4.2
preferred label: 管理集体谈判流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage labor management partnerships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.4.3
broader: Manage employee relations
definition: Handling partnerships between labor and management. Develop a lasting two-way relationship that is beneficial for the labor, management, and the organization.
definition: 推动劳资伙伴关系建设；构建长期、双向、互利的劳资协同关系，惠及员工、管理层与组织整体。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.4.3
preferred label: 管理劳资协作伙伴关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage employee grievances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.4.4
broader: Manage employee relations
definition: Taking care or resolving any complaint raised by an employee by procedures provided for in a collective agreement, an employment contract, or by other mechanisms established by an employer.
definition: 依据集体协议、劳动合同或雇主设立的其他机制，受理并解决员工提出的申诉。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.4.4
preferred label: 管理员工申诉事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Monitor legal and regulatory environment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.4.5
broader: Manage employee relations
definition: Awareness of the employee legislature that is in place for the organization. The regulatory environment could include areas, regions, countries, or technologies (around AI, for example).
definition: 关注适用于本组织的员工相关法律法规环境；监管范围可覆盖地区、国家或技术领域（如人工智能相关法规）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.4.5
preferred label: 监测法律法规环境 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop salary/compensation structure and plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.1
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Creating the framework for the provision of salary/compensation to employees. Break down the salary structure into different components such as fixed pay, variable pay, bonus, and allowances such medical allowance, and rent allowance, etc. Develop, adjust, and maintain a pay structure.
definition: 构建员工薪酬供给框架；将薪酬结构细分为固定薪酬、浮动薪酬、奖金、津贴（如医疗津贴、住房津贴等）等组成部分；设计、调整并维护薪酬体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.1
preferred label: 制定薪酬结构与方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop benefits and rewards plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.2
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Developing a plan for provision of rewards, commission, and benefits to employees. Plan health benefits, retirement benefits, wellness plans, and non-monetary benefits, etc.
definition: 制定员工奖励、佣金及福利发放计划。涵盖健康福利、退休福利、员工健康计划及非货币性福利等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.2
preferred label: 制定福利与奖励计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform competitive analysis of benefits and rewards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.3
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Analyzing and evaluating the organization's benefits and rewards plan. Compare/Benchmark the benefits and employees plan with other organizations to adhere to industry standard practices.
definition: 分析与评估组织的福利与奖励计划。通过同业对标，确保福利与员工激励方案符合行业最佳实践。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.3
preferred label: 开展福利与奖励的同业对标分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify compensation requirements based on financial, benefits, and HR policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.4
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Recognizing the employee requirements for compensation on the basis of the financial, benefits, and HR policies of the organization. Recognize individual compensation requirements regarding the financial policies of the organization. Consider the benefits plan and overall HR policies while selecting compensation requirements.
definition: 依据组织财务政策、福利政策及人力资源（HR）政策，识别员工薪酬需求。结合组织财务政策明确个体薪酬要求，并统筹考虑福利计划与整体HR政策确定薪酬方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.4
preferred label: 依据财务政策、福利政策及人力资源（HR）政策确定薪酬要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Administer compensation and rewards to employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.5
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Managing the provision of compensations and rewards to the employees while maintaining consistency with the compensation and benefits plan. Follow the compensation and benefits plan rigorously in order to avoid any discrepancies.
definition: 在薪酬与福利计划框架内，统一管理员工薪酬与奖励的发放，严格执行计划以避免偏差。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.5
preferred label: 向员工实施薪酬与奖励管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Reward and motivate employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.6
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Rewarding and stimulating the performance efforts of employees. Create methods for motivating employees. Spur extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.
definition: 激励并强化员工绩效表现。设计多元化激励机制，激发外在动机与内在动机。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.6
preferred label: 激励并嘉奖员工 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review engagement and retention indicators
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.7
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Reassessing the indicators for retention and motivation of employees. Monitor the indicators that signal the levels of motivation and retention. Regularly update and upgrade indicators to avoid depreciation and ensure high efficiency.
definition: 重新评估员工留任与激励指标。持续监测反映激励水平与留任状况的关键信号，定期更新优化指标，防止效能衰减，保障高运行效率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.7
preferred label: 评估员工敬业度与留任指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review compensation plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.8
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Analyzing existing compensation plans and making changes necessary to continue to retain employees.
definition: 分析现有薪酬方案，实施必要调整以持续提升员工留任率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.8
preferred label: 评审薪酬计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review benefits and rewards plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1.9
broader: Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
definition: Evaluating benefits and rewards plans to assess effectiveness, alignment with workforce needs, and consistency with organizational reward and recognition objectives.
definition: 评估福利与奖励计划的有效性、与员工实际需求的契合度，以及与组织奖励与认可目标的一致性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1.9
preferred label: 评审福利与奖励计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Deliver employee benefits program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.2.1
broader: Manage and administer benefits
definition: Implementing the programs that specify employee benefits, other than salary provided, such as those concerning medical care, death, and disability.
definition: 实施除薪资外的员工福利项目，如医疗保障、身故抚恤、伤残保障等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.2.1
preferred label: 交付员工福利计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Administer benefit enrollment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.2.2
broader: Manage and administer benefits
definition: Handling the employee enrollment for obtaining benefits. Manage employee enrollment and eligibility, including work and life status/event changes. Encourage employees to enroll for benefits.
definition: 管理员工福利登记及资格认定，涵盖工作状态与生活事件变更（如婚姻、生育、离职再入职等），并积极引导员工完成登记。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.2.2
preferred label: 管理员工福利登记 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process benefits claims
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.2.3
broader: Manage and administer benefits
definition: Processing any formal requests or demands made by the employees claiming that they have earned some benefits. Includes escalation to management.
definition: 受理员工正式提出的福利申领请求；对争议事项及时升级至管理层处理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.2.3
preferred label: 处理福利理赔 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform benefit reconciliation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.2.4
broader: Manage and administer benefits
definition: Carrying out reconciliation of benefits delivered to employees. Compare the estimated benefit requirement made by the employee and the actual amount of benefits the employee is entitled to receive.
definition: 开展员工已获福利的对账工作，比对员工申报的预估福利需求与实际应享福利金额。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.2.4
preferred label: 开展福利账务核对 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage flexible working
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.3.1.1
broader: Deliver programs to support work/life balance for employees
definition: Creation and execution of a plan that might allow for work from home days, or alternate hours.
definition: 制定并执行远程办公日或弹性工时安排计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.3.1.1
preferred label: 管理弹性工作制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Manage transportation programs and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.3.1.2
broader: Deliver programs to support work/life balance for employees
definition: Managing transportation-related programs and services provided to employees to support commuting, mobility, and work/life balance objectives.
definition: 管理面向员工提供的通勤、出行相关项目与服务，以支持通勤便利性、移动性及工作与生活平衡目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.3.1.2
preferred label: 管理通勤计划与服务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Develop employee and family support systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.3.2
broader: Manage employee assistance and retention
definition: Creating a support structure that aligns with local and federal laws that allow for support for families. This could include things like maternity leave, care for a family member, or in some cases, extended sick leave.
definition: 构建符合国家及地方法规的家庭支持体系，包括产假、家庭成员照护假、延长病假等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.3.2
preferred label: 构建员工及家庭支持体系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Administer Payroll
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.4
broader: Reward and retain employees
definition: Managing the sum of all financial records of salaries for an employee, including wages, bonuses, and deductions. Use a payroll management system to deal with the financial aspects of employees' salaries, allowances, deductions, gross pay, net pay, etc. Generate pay slips for a specific period.
definition: 管理员工全口径薪资财务记录，含工资、奖金及各项扣款；依托薪酬管理系统处理薪资、津贴、扣款、应发工资、实发工资等财务事项，并生成指定周期的工资条。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.4
preferred label: 管理薪资发放 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage/Collect employee suggestions and perform employee research
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.5
broader: Reward and retain employees
definition: Procuring and handling suggestions from employees, and performing research on employees. Manage and analyze the programs that help the organization to tap into employee ideas for improving the organization's processes and/or products. Use surveys, focus groups, and other data-gathering methods to find out the attitudes, opinions, and feelings of members of an organization.
definition: 收集并处理员工建议，开展员工调研；管理并分析旨在挖掘员工改进建议（涉及流程或产品优化）的相关项目；运用问卷调查、焦点小组及其他数据采集方法，了解组织成员的态度、观点与情绪。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.5
preferred label: 收集员工建议并开展员工调研 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage promotion and demotion process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.1
broader: Redeploy and retire employees
definition: Administering the process of promoting and demoting employees. Design a system for advancing or demoting an employee's rank or position. Leverage techniques such as horizontal promotion, vertical promotion, dry promotion, and involuntary/voluntary demotion.
definition: 管理员工晋升与降职流程；建立职位层级升降机制，综合运用横向晋升、纵向晋升、名义晋升及自愿/非自愿降职等方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.1
preferred label: 管理晋升与降职流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage retirement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.2.1
broader: Manage separation
definition: Managing and administering instances where a person stops employment completely.
definition: 管理员工完全终止雇佣关系的情形。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.2.1
preferred label: 管理员工退休 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage leave of absence
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.2.2
broader: Manage separation
definition: Managing the period of time that an employee must be away from their primary job, while maintaining the status of employee (i.e., paid and unpaid leave of absence but not vacations, holidays, hiatuses, sabbaticals, and work-from-home programs).
definition: 管理员工在保留雇员身份前提下暂时脱离主要岗位的期间（含带薪与无薪事假/病假等），不包括年假、法定节假日、间歇期、学术休假及远程办公安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.2.2
preferred label: 管理员工休假 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage offboarding
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.2.3
broader: Manage separation
definition: Coordinating activities related to employee departures, including transitions, knowledge transfer, and administrative actions, to support orderly and compliant workforce exits.
definition: 统筹员工离职相关事务，包括工作交接、知识转移及行政手续，确保离职过程有序、合规。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.2.3
preferred label: 管理员工离任（offboarding） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and implement employee outplacement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.2.4
broader: Manage separation
definition: Helping former employees transition to new jobs or to re-orient themselves in the job market. Deliver help through one-on-one sessions or in a group format. Provide guidance in career evaluation, resume writing, interview preparation, developing networks, and job searching.
definition: 协助离职员工顺利过渡至新岗位或重新融入就业市场，提供一对一辅导或团体指导服务，内容涵盖职业评估、简历撰写、面试准备、人脉拓展及求职策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.2.4
preferred label: 制定并实施员工再就业支持（outplacement） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage expatriates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.3.1
broader: Relocate employees and manage assignments
definition: Manage employees who are sent to live abroad or hired from abroad for a defined time period.
definition: 管理外派至海外或从海外招聘的员工，明确其任期安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.3.1
preferred label: 管理外派人员（expatriates） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage reporting processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.1
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Providing information and reports regarding employees to management.
definition: 向管理层提供员工相关信息及统计报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.1
preferred label: 管理报告流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage employee inquiry process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.2
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Handling instances where an employee believes that he/she has been inappropriately treated or he/she desires clarification. Encourage employees to inquire when needed. Record and clarify the issues for which the enquiry has been made.
definition: 受理员工关于不当对待或需澄清事项的咨询；鼓励员工按需发起问询；完整记录并回应咨询所涉问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.2
preferred label: 管理员工咨询流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage and maintain employee data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.3
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Capturing and updating employee information and data and information on the employees.
definition: 采集、维护并动态更新员工基本信息及关联数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.3
preferred label: 管理员工数据并确保其准确维护 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage human resource information systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.4
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Administering and maintaining HR information systems that take care of activities related to HR, accounting, management, and payroll.
definition: 运维人力资源（HR）信息系统，支撑人力资源、财务、管理及薪酬等多领域业务活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.4
preferred label: 管理人力资源信息系统（HRIS） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage employee measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.5
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Creating and maintaining performance metrics for employees. Create and manage a strategic system of data and statistics to accurately gauge each employee's information. Consider productivity metrics, efficiency metrics, training metrics, etc.
definition: 创建并维护员工绩效指标体系；构建战略性数据与统计系统，精准衡量员工各项表现，涵盖生产率、效率、培训成效等维度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.5
preferred label: 制定并管理员工绩效衡量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage time and attendance systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.6
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Developing and maintaining systems for managing the time and attendance of employees. Routinely upgrade the process and systems that track when employees start and stop work, the department where the work is performed, attendance in addition to tracking meals and breaks, the type of work performed, and the number of items produced.
definition: 开发并维护员工考勤与工时管理系统；持续优化系统功能，准确记录员工上下班时间、所属部门、出勤情况、用餐与休息时段、工作类型及产出数量等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.6
preferred label: 制定并管理员工考勤与工时系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Determine stakeholder requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.7.1
broader: Develop workforce analytics
definition: Collect and manage requirements from various enterprise stakeholders about workforce analytics.
definition: 收集企业各利益相关方对人力资本分析的数据需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.7.1
preferred label: 明确利益相关方需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify research questions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.7.2
broader: Develop workforce analytics
definition: Summarize stakeholder requirements into discrete research questions in support of workforce analytics.
definition: 将利益相关方需求提炼为具体、可操作的人力资本研究问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.7.2
preferred label: 识别研究问题 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Select workforce analysis methodology
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.7.3
broader: Develop workforce analytics
definition: Consider stakeholder requirements, research questions, and organizations standards around research to select appropriate research methodology in support of workforce analytics.
definition: 综合考量利益相关方需求、研究问题及组织既定的研究规范，遴选适配的人力资本分析研究方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.7.3
preferred label: 选定人力资本分析方法论 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify workforce data sources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.7.4
broader: Develop workforce analytics
definition: Identify appropriate data sources for workforce analytics data while considering organizational standards for data sources.
definition: 识别适用于人力资本分析的数据源，同时兼顾组织对数据源的规范要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.7.4
preferred label: 识别人力资本数据源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Gather workforce data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.7.5
broader: Develop workforce analytics
definition: Collect and procure, as needed, workforce data from internal and external data sources in support of workforce analytics.
definition: 根据人力资本分析需要，从内部与外部数据源采集和采购相应人力资本数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.7.5
preferred label: 采集人力资本数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Transform workforce analysis data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.8.1
broader: Implement workforce analytics
definition: Logically and statistically validate collected or purchased data in support of analytics needs
definition: 针对分析需求，开展逻辑性与统计性验证，确保所采集或采购数据的准确性与适用性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.8.1
preferred label: 转换人力资本分析数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop insights into workforce analytics outcomes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.8.2
broader: Implement workforce analytics
definition: Synthesize insights from workforce analytics data
definition: 从人力资本分析数据中提炼关键洞察。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.8.2
preferred label: 提炼人力资本分析成果洞察 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Communicate workforce analysis outcomes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.8.3
broader: Implement workforce analytics
definition: Summarize, package, and distribute results of workforce analysis.
definition: 汇总、封装并分发人力资本分析结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.8.3
preferred label: 传达人力资本分析成果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop employee communication plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.8.1
broader: Manage employee communication
definition: Creating a plan for managing communication among employees. Inform employees of direction. Counter resistance with change management approaches. Seek specific areas of input to the decision-making process. Seek varying degrees of involvement and co-creation.
definition: 制定员工内部沟通管理计划：明确组织发展方向；运用变革管理方法应对阻力；在决策过程中主动征询具体意见；推动不同层级的参与度与协同共创。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.8.1
preferred label: 制定员工沟通计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Conduct employee engagement surveys
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.8.2
broader: Manage employee communication
definition: Questioning employees to ascertain overall workplace satisfaction.
definition: 通过问卷或访谈等方式评估员工整体工作场所满意度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.8.2
preferred label: 开展员工敬业度调研 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Deliver employee communications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.8.3
broader: Manage employee communication
definition: Implementing the communication plan for employees. Initiate dialogues and engagement by monitoring the exchange of ideas and opinions, the development of personal relationships, etc.
definition: 执行员工沟通计划：通过监测观点交流、意见互动、人际关系发展等，主动发起对话并深化员工参与。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.8.3
preferred label: 发布员工沟通信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Plan IT workforce capacity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Workforce and Talent Management
broader: Workforce and Talent Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Workforce and Talent Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘人力与人才管理’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.9.1
preferred label: 规划IT人力资本容量 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop IT talent pipeline
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Workforce and Talent Management
broader: Workforce and Talent Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Workforce and Talent Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘人力与人才管理’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.9.2
preferred label: 构建IT人才梯队 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage IT skills and competencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Workforce and Talent Management
broader: Workforce and Talent Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Workforce and Talent Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘人力与人才管理’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.9.3
preferred label: 管理IT技能与胜任力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Understand IT customer communities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.1.1
broader: Understand IT customer needs
definition: Interacting with IT customers to understand the IT needs through a collaborative community through involvement, connection, and informed communication.
definition: 通过协作式社群建设，以深度参与、紧密连接与信息透明的方式，与 IT 客户互动并精准识别其 IT 需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.1.1
preferred label: 识别IT客户社群 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT customer operational capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.1.2
broader: Understand IT customer needs
definition: Evaluate the ability of the group of staff dependent on information technology, to align resources and critical processes according to organizational vision being able to deliver effectively and efficiently.
definition: 评估依赖信息技术的员工团队，能否依据组织愿景，高效协同资源配置与关键流程，从而有效支撑业务交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.1.2
preferred label: 评估IT客户运营能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand business requirements for IT capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.2.1
broader: Identify IT customer transformation needs
definition: Understanding business requirements for the existing IT environment as well as future IT needs.
definition: 厘清现有 IT 环境的业务需求，以及面向未来的 IT 需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.2.1
preferred label: 理解业务对IT能力的需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand IT landscape
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.2.2
broader: Identify IT customer transformation needs
definition: Understanding the complete logical structure and working of the organization's IT landscape. Assess the configuration of hardware and software (IT Assets) across the organization that supports overall business operations.
definition: 全面掌握组织 IT 架构的逻辑结构与运行机制；评估支撑整体业务运营的硬件、软件等 IT 资产配置情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.2.2
preferred label: 梳理IT现状与架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop IT visioning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.2.3
broader: Identify IT customer transformation needs
definition: Developing goals to define IT vision. Define and document ideas, direction, and activities which enable information technology to reach these goals.
definition: 制定 IT 愿景目标；明确并记录实现该目标所需的理念、方向与关键行动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.2.3
preferred label: 开展IT愿景规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Outline IT service expectations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.2.4
broader: Identify IT customer transformation needs
definition: Defining a roadmap to meet organizational expectations from information technology services while considering how it will affect the business.
definition: 制定 IT 发展路线图，在满足组织对 IT 服务期望的同时，充分评估其对业务的影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.2.4
preferred label: 明确IT服务期望 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT customer expectations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.3.1
broader: Plan and communicate IT services
definition: Managing customer expectations of the existing IT environment while considering how it will affect the business.
definition: 在兼顾业务影响的前提下，管理客户对现有 IT 环境的预期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.3.1
preferred label: 管理IT客户期望 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define future IT services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.3.2
broader: Plan and communicate IT services
definition: Defining the expected demand and usage of information technology services to meet organization's future business goals. Gather necessary information about the processes, resource requirements, and structures pertaining to planned business growth.
definition: 预测未来业务目标所需的 IT 服务需求与使用规模；收集与计划中业务增长相关的流程、资源需求及组织架构等必要信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.3.2
preferred label: 定义未来IT服务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT performance indicators
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.3.3
broader: Plan and communicate IT services
definition: Determining IT KPIs crucial to the organization's success. Measure indicators such as IT costs as percentage of revenue, IT maintenance ratio, and system downtime in an effort to evaluate the performance of IT across the organization.
definition: 确定关乎组织成败的关键 IT KPI，例如 IT 成本占营收比、IT 维护比率、系统停机时长等，用以全面评估全组织 IT 绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.3.3
preferred label: 确定IT绩效指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create IT marketing messages
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.3.4
broader: Plan and communicate IT services
definition: Developing concise statements that position the value proposition around the pressing concerns of the internal IT user base, thereby showing how the IT offerings are the right fit for a segment of IT customers.
definition: 围绕内部 IT 用户的核心关切，凝练简洁有力的价值主张陈述，清晰体现 IT 服务方案与特定用户群体需求的高度契合。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.3.4
preferred label: 编制IT营销信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create IT service marketing plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.3.5
broader: Plan and communicate IT services
definition: Creating a marketing strategy for IT offerings to customers. Plan processes for making budgets; identifying and developing media; and managing marketing content and promotional activities.
definition: 制定面向客户的 IT 服务营销策略：规划预算编制流程；识别并开发传播媒介；统筹营销内容与推广活动管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.3.5
preferred label: 制定IT服务营销计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop IT transformation plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.1
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Developing a robust plan to replace or upgrade an organization's information technology systems. Understanding the business need of IT transformation from current to an expected state for the business. Developing a strategic plan for IT operating model, governance, service delivery, and workforce transformation.
definition: 制定稳健的信息技术系统替换或升级计划；深入理解业务从现状向预期状态演进所需的 IT 转型动因；同步规划 IT 运营模式、治理机制、服务交付体系及人力资本转型战略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.1
preferred label: 制定IT转型计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Collect IT customer requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.2
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Identifying existing or potential IT gaps between the expected business performance levels and current business outcomes.
definition: 识别当前业务成效与预期业务绩效水平之间存在的现有或潜在 IT 能力差距。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.2
preferred label: 收集IT客户需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze IT customer requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.3
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Assessing identified IT gaps to plan for remediation efforts to allow outcomes to meet established performance levels.
definition: 评估已识别的 IT 差距，制定整改方案，确保最终产出符合既定绩效标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.3
preferred label: 分析IT客户需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and prioritize IT opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.4
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Identifying IT opportunities on the basis of collection and analysis of IT customer requirements, then prioritize the identified IT opportunities on the basis of their importance.
definition: 基于 IT 客户需求的收集与分析，识别 IT 机会点，并依据其重要性进行优先级排序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.4
preferred label: 识别并排序IT机会点 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Facilitate solution design activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.5
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Providing a plan of action to provide solution to IT customers. The solution design should be based on the collection and analysis of IT customer requirements.
definition: 制定面向 IT 客户的解决方案实施行动计划，方案设计须严格基于客户需求的收集与分析结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.5
preferred label: 支持解决方案设计活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prioritize IT outcomes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.6
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Prioritizing IT outcomes based on need, effectiveness, and efficiency.
definition: 依据需求紧迫性、有效性与效率，对 IT 产出成果进行优先级排序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.6
preferred label: 排序IT转型成果优先级 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop business cases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.7
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Create a business case with value proposition indicating current situation, proposed solution, financial analysis, and measurable benefits to the IT customers.
definition: 编制商业论证文档，明确价值主张，涵盖现状描述、拟议解决方案、财务分析及可衡量的客户收益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.7
preferred label: 编制商业论证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Support business case
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.8
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Supporting business case with supporting research, business analysis, and background information on IT transformation.
definition: 以研究支撑、业务分析及 IT 转型背景资料，充实商业论证内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.8
preferred label: 支持商业论证落地 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop transformation roadmap
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4.9
broader: Provide IT transformation guidance
definition: Creating a blueprint for execution of IT transformation from the existing state to the planned organizational structure based on the value proposition and projected business growth.
definition: 基于价值主张与预期业务增长，绘制从当前状态到目标组织架构的 IT 转型执行蓝图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4.9
preferred label: 制定转型路线图 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand IT service requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5.1
broader: Develop and manage IT service levels
definition: Understand requirements related to information technology services considering enterprise-level effects and understand potential achievements in the business environment.
definition: 结合企业级影响，理解信息技术服务相关需求，并识别其在业务环境中可能实现的价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5.1
preferred label: 理解IT服务需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Forecast IT service demand
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5.2
broader: Develop and manage IT service levels
definition: Forecasting demand for IT services using current business growth, research, and customer feedback. Refine these forecasts, inspect the approach used in creating forecasts, and determine its accuracy.
definition: 基于当前业务增长、市场调研及客户反馈预测IT服务需求；持续优化预测模型，审查预测方法并评估其准确性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5.2
preferred label: 预测IT服务需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain IT services catalog
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5.3
broader: Develop and manage IT service levels
definition: Maintain information about IT deliverables, prices, contact points, and processes for requesting a service.
definition: 维护IT交付物信息，包括价格、联络方式及服务申请流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5.3
preferred label: 维护IT服务目录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define service level agreement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5.4
broader: Develop and manage IT service levels
definition: Designing and maintaining commitment of service by performance evaluation of IT services and communicate the results to the management.
definition: 通过IT服务绩效评估，设计并维护服务承诺，并向管理层通报评估结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5.4
preferred label: 定义服务级别协议（SLA） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain IT customer contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5.5
broader: Develop and manage IT service levels
definition: Maintaining and documenting commitment of service to staff for information technology contracts including providing software or hardware solution through communication channels like phone, email, and on-site services.
definition: 面向员工，维护并记录信息技术合同中的服务承诺，包括通过电话、电子邮件及现场服务等方式提供软硬件解决方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5.5
preferred label: 维护IT客户合同 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Negotiate and establish service level agreements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5.6
broader: Develop and manage IT service levels
definition: Establish a service level agreement, which is a negotiated agreement designed to create a common understanding about services, priorities, and responsibilities.
definition: 制定服务水平协议（SLA），即经协商达成的协议，旨在就服务范围、优先级与各方职责形成共识。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5.6
preferred label: 协商并确立服务级别协议（SLA） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and maintain improvement processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5.7
broader: Develop and manage IT service levels
definition: Conveying the improvement opportunities for the business and level of IT services. Leverage the results obtained from the performance metrics of the business and IT service levels to identify and recognize any opportunities that would improve or enhance the efficiency of the business and IT service-level structure. Communicate these opportunities to management in order for the improvements to take effect.
definition: 向管理层传达业务及IT服务水平的改进机会；依托业务与IT服务绩效指标分析结果，识别可提升业务与IT服务水平结构效率的优化点，并推动落地。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5.7
preferred label: 制定并持续优化改进流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish relationship management mechanisms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.6.1
broader: Manage IT customer relationships
definition: Create mechanisms for effective public relationship in order to preserve the image and goodwill of the organization through the process.
definition: 建立有效的公共关系机制，以在全过程维护组织形象与声誉。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.6.1
preferred label: 建立客户关系管理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand IT customer strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.6.2
broader: Manage IT customer relationships
definition: Understanding the strategy for staff dependent on information technology. Create a plan to create services and solutions, conduct daily operations, and train new employees.
definition: 理解依赖信息技术开展工作的员工战略，制定服务与解决方案规划，支撑日常运营，并开展新员工培训。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.6.2
preferred label: 理解IT客户战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand IT customer environment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.6.3
broader: Manage IT customer relationships
definition: Understanding the environment of staff dependent on information technology. Assess and evaluate services and solutions used by customers to conduct daily operations, and train new employees.
definition: 理解依赖信息技术开展工作的员工所处环境，评估其用于日常运营的服务与解决方案，并开展新员工培训。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.6.3
preferred label: 理解IT客户业务环境 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Communicate IT capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.6.4
broader: Manage IT customer relationships
definition: Conveying the goals and objectives of the IT function and how it contributes to the overall business objectives to staff and departments across the organization.
definition: 向组织内各层级员工及部门宣贯IT职能的目标与使命，及其对整体业务目标的支撑作用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.6.4
preferred label: 宣贯IT能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.6.5
broader: Manage IT customer relationships
definition: Managing the IT requirements for business objectives. Identify the requirements of hardware and software equipment to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data related to business operations. Consider factors such as functional, design, growth phases, and delivery schedule while managing IT requirements.
definition: 统筹支撑业务目标所需的IT需求，识别用于存储、检索、传输和处理业务数据所需的软硬件设备；在管理过程中综合考虑功能要求、设计方案、发展阶段及交付周期等因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.6.5
preferred label: 管理IT需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess SLA compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.7.1
broader: Analyze service performance
definition: Gather data from each service target defined in an SLA for a time segment or review period to evaluate an overall performance percentage.
definition: 按时间周期或评审周期，采集服务水平协议（SLA）中各项服务目标的数据，计算整体绩效达成率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.7.1
preferred label: 评估SLA合规性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Triage SLA compliance issues
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.7.2
broader: Analyze service performance
definition: Prioritizing SLA compliance issues and plan for remediation.
definition: 对SLA合规性问题进行优先级排序，并制定整改计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.7.2
preferred label: 分级处置SLA合规问题 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Collect feedback about IT products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.7.3
broader: Analyze service performance
definition: Collecting customer feedback about IT products and services effectiveness based on overall satisfaction. The data is collected through surveys, customer responses, and feedbacks based on the delivered products/services.
definition: 基于客户总体满意度，收集其对IT产品与服务有效性的反馈，渠道包括问卷调查、客户响应及交付后反馈。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.7.3
preferred label: 收集IT产品和服务的客户反馈 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Synthesize and distribute IT performance information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.7.4
broader: Analyze service performance
definition: Providing stakeholders with collected IT performance measures for further development based on evaluation.
definition: 向利益相关方提供经评估得出的IT绩效度量结果，支撑后续优化与发展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.7.4
preferred label: 汇总并分发IT绩效信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage business stakeholder relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Relationship Management
broader: Relationship Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Relationship Management'.
definition: ITIL‘关系管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.8.1
preferred label: 管理业务干系人关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage supplier relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Relationship Management
broader: Relationship Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Relationship Management'.
definition: ITIL‘关系管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.8.2
preferred label: 管理供应商关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Coordinate service level expectations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Relationship Management
broader: Relationship Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Relationship Management'.
definition: ITIL‘关系管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.8.3
preferred label: 协调服务级别预期 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define service catalog structure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Catalog Management
broader: Service Catalog Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Catalog Management'.
definition: ITIL‘服务目录管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.9.1
preferred label: 定义服务目录结构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain catalog entries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Catalog Management
broader: Service Catalog Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Catalog Management'.
definition: ITIL‘服务目录管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.9.2
preferred label: 维护目录条目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Publish catalog to stakeholders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Catalog Management
broader: Service Catalog Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Catalog Management'.
definition: ITIL‘服务目录管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.9.3
preferred label: 向干系人发布服务目录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define ML model requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage MLOps Lifecycle
definition: AI activity: Define ML model requirements.
definition: AI 活动：定义机器学习模型需求 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.1.1
preferred label: 定义机器学习模型需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare and validate training data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage MLOps Lifecycle
definition: AI activity: Prepare and validate training data.
definition: AI 活动：准备并验证训练数据 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.1.2
preferred label: 准备并验证训练数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Train and evaluate models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage MLOps Lifecycle
definition: AI activity: Train and evaluate models.
definition: AI 活动：训练与评估模型 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.1.3
preferred label: 训练与评估模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Deploy models to production
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage MLOps Lifecycle
definition: AI activity: Deploy models to production.
definition: AI 活动：将模型部署至生产环境 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.1.4
preferred label: 将模型部署至生产环境 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor model performance and drift
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage MLOps Lifecycle
definition: AI activity: Monitor model performance and drift.
definition: AI 活动：监控模型性能与漂移 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.1.5
preferred label: 监控模型性能与漂移 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Retrain and update models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage MLOps Lifecycle
definition: AI activity: Retrain and update models.
definition: AI 活动：重新训练与更新模型 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.1.6
preferred label: 重新训练与更新模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design prompt engineering workflows
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage LLMOps
definition: AI activity: Design prompt engineering workflows.
definition: AI 活动：设计提示工程（Prompt Engineering）工作流 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.2.1
preferred label: 设计提示工程（Prompt Engineering）工作流 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage LLM fine-tuning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage LLMOps
definition: AI activity: Manage LLM fine-tuning.
definition: AI 活动：管理大语言模型（LLM）微调 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.2.2
preferred label: 管理大语言模型微调 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement RAG pipelines
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage LLMOps
definition: AI activity: Implement RAG pipelines.
definition: AI 活动：实施检索增强生成（RAG）流水线 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.2.3
preferred label: 实施检索增强生成（RAG）流水线 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor LLM output quality
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage LLMOps
definition: AI activity: Monitor LLM output quality.
definition: AI 活动：监控大语言模型（LLM）输出质量 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.2.4
preferred label: 监控大语言模型输出质量 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage LLM cost optimization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage LLMOps
definition: AI activity: Manage LLM cost optimization.
definition: AI 活动：管理大语言模型（LLM）成本优化 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.2.5
preferred label: 管理大语言模型成本优化 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement AI-driven monitoring
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AIOps
definition: AI activity: Implement AI-driven monitoring.
definition: AI 活动：实施 AI 驱动的监控 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.3.1
preferred label: 实施AI驱动的监控 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Automate incident detection
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AIOps
definition: AI activity: Automate incident detection.
definition: AI 活动：自动化事件检测 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.3.2
preferred label: 自动化事件检测 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Enable predictive capacity management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AIOps
definition: AI activity: Enable predictive capacity management.
definition: AI 活动：实现预测性容量管理 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.3.3
preferred label: 实现预测性容量管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Automate root cause analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AIOps
definition: AI activity: Automate root cause analysis.
definition: AI 活动：自动化根因分析 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.3.4
preferred label: 自动化根因分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify RPA opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Robotic Process Automation
definition: AI activity: Identify RPA opportunities.
definition: AI 活动：识别 RPA 应用机会 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.4.1
preferred label: 识别RPA应用机会 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Design automation workflows
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Robotic Process Automation
definition: AI activity: Design automation workflows.
definition: AI 活动：设计自动化工作流 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.4.2
preferred label: 设计自动化工作流 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Deploy and monitor bots
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Robotic Process Automation
definition: AI activity: Deploy and monitor bots.
definition: AI 活动：部署与监控机器人 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.4.3
preferred label: 部署与监控机器人 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Optimize bot performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Robotic Process Automation
definition: AI activity: Optimize bot performance.
definition: AI 活动：优化机器人性能 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.4.4
preferred label: 优化机器人性能 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish data science standards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Data Science Workflows
definition: AI activity: Establish data science standards.
definition: AI 活动：建立数据科学标准 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.5.1
preferred label: 建立数据科学标准 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage experiment tracking
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Data Science Workflows
definition: AI activity: Manage experiment tracking.
definition: AI 活动：管理实验追踪 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.5.2
preferred label: 管理实验追踪 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Govern feature stores
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Data Science Workflows
definition: AI activity: Govern feature stores.
definition: AI 活动：治理特征库（Feature Store） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.5.3
preferred label: 治理特征存储（Feature Store） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage model registry
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Data Science Workflows
definition: AI activity: Manage model registry.
definition: AI 活动：管理模型注册中心（Model Registry） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.5.4
preferred label: 管理模型注册中心 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provision GPU/TPU compute resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Infrastructure
definition: AI activity: Provision GPU/TPU compute resources.
definition: AI 活动：配置 GPU/TPU 计算资源 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.6.1
preferred label: 配置GPU/TPU计算资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage ML platforms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Infrastructure
definition: AI activity: Manage ML platforms.
definition: AI 活动：管理机器学习平台 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.6.2
preferred label: 管理机器学习平台 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Optimize AI workload scheduling
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Infrastructure
definition: AI activity: Optimize AI workload scheduling.
definition: AI 活动：优化 AI 工作负载调度 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.6.3
preferred label: 优化AI工作负载调度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage vector databases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage AI Infrastructure
definition: AI activity: Manage vector databases.
definition: AI 活动：管理向量数据库 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.6.4
preferred label: 管理向量数据库 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Build and maintain IT strategic intelligence
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.1.1
broader: Define business technology and governance strategy
definition: Building and maintaining intelligence towards changing organizational goals, supporting management, and operational or functional levels of the business. It is the ability to understand business trends that present threats or opportunities for IT in an organization.
definition: 构建并持续更新面向组织目标变化的情报能力，支撑管理层及业务运营/职能层决策；即准确识别可能给IT带来威胁或机遇的业务趋势。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.1.1
preferred label: 构建并维护IT战略情报 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and map current and emerging technologies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.1.2
broader: Define business technology and governance strategy
definition: Monitoring and evaluating existing and forthcoming technologies to meet the current and future growth plans for business operations.
definition: 持续监测与评估现有及新兴技术，以匹配当前及未来业务增长规划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.1.2
preferred label: 监测并梳理当前及新兴技术 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and communicate digital transformation strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.1.3
broader: Define business technology and governance strategy
definition: Defining the integration of digital technology into business operations and service delivery, and convey the strategy to different segments of business. It is always backed by continuous improvement followed by periodic review and change per requirement of the business.
definition: 定义数字化技术在业务运营与服务交付中的融合路径，并向各业务单元宣贯数字化战略；该战略始终以持续改进为基础，依业务需求定期评审并动态调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.1.3
preferred label: 制定并宣贯数字化转型战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop IT strategic alignment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.1.4
broader: Define business technology and governance strategy
definition: Developing the process of aligning the organization's business divisions and staff members with the organization's planned objectives for IT.
definition: 建立流程，推动组织各业务部门及员工与既定IT目标对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.1.4
preferred label: 推进IT战略对齐 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Articulate IT alignment principles
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.1.5
broader: Define business technology and governance strategy
definition: Systematic approach to clearly communicate and operate the usage of information technology as it relates to business objectives.
definition: 系统化地清晰传达并落实信息技术的应用，确保其紧密支撑业务目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.1.5
preferred label: 阐明IT对齐原则 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain IT strategic alignment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.1.6
broader: Define business technology and governance strategy
definition: Maintaining alignment of the organization's business divisions and staff members with the organization's planned objectives for IT.
definition: 持续维护组织各业务部门及员工与既定IT目标的一致性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.1.6
preferred label: 持续维护IT战略对齐 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan IT budgets and costs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Financial Management
broader: Service Financial Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Financial Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务财务管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.10.1
preferred label: 规划IT预算与成本 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Account for IT services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Financial Management
broader: Service Financial Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Financial Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务财务管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.10.2
preferred label: 核算IT服务成本 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Charge for IT services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Financial Management
broader: Service Financial Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Financial Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务财务管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.10.3
preferred label: 向IT服务收费 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish and validate IT value criteria
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.2.1
broader: Manage IT portfolio strategy
definition: Create and certify the standards to determine the value of the investments, projects, and activities of IT function for the overall business objectives.
definition: 制定并确认评估标准，用于衡量IT职能在支撑整体业务目标方面的投资、项目与活动价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.2.1
preferred label: 建立并验证IT价值评估标准 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT portfolio investment balance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.2.2
broader: Manage IT portfolio strategy
definition: Determining the uninvested amount out of the total approved amount for overall IT management, IT investments, projects, and activities.
definition: 核算已批准IT总预算中尚未投入使用的余额，覆盖IT整体管理、投资、项目及活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.2.2
preferred label: 确定IT投资组合的资源配置平衡 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate proposed IT investment projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.2.3
broader: Manage IT portfolio strategy
definition: Evaluating IT investment projects to achieve overall business objectives in regard to implementation, efficiency, and profitability.
definition: 评估IT投资项目在实施成效、运行效率及盈利性等方面对整体业务目标的达成情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.2.3
preferred label: 评估拟议的IT投资项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prioritize IT projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.2.4
broader: Manage IT portfolio strategy
definition: Listing the IT projects in the order of most important to the least. Determining which of many IT projects are most important or critical to business operations.
definition: 对IT项目按重要性由高至低排序，识别其中对业务运营最关键或最紧迫的项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.2.4
preferred label: 对IT项目进行优先级排序 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Align IT resources to strategic priorities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.2.5
broader: Manage IT portfolio strategy
definition: Aligning physical IT resources like software, IT infrastructure, networks, and non-physical resources like technology expertise, to strategic objectives ranked by their importance in achieving the strategic goals.
definition: 将软件、IT基础设施、网络等物理IT资源，以及技术专长等非物理资源，与战略目标对齐，并依据其对实现战略目标的重要程度进行优先级排序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.2.5
preferred label: 将信息技术资源与战略优先事项对齐 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Align IT portfolio to business objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.2.6
broader: Manage IT portfolio strategy
definition: Aligning IT investments, projects, and activities to achieve overall business objectives.
definition: 将IT投资、项目及活动与整体业务目标对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.2.6
preferred label: 将IT投资组合与业务目标对齐 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create and publish enterprise architecture principles
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.3.1
broader: Define and maintain enterprise architecture
definition: Creating and publishing high level statements of the fundamental values (principles) based on the organization's objectives that guide Information Technology decision-making and activities, and are the foundation for enterprise architecture.
definition: 基于组织目标，制定并发布高层级的根本性价值观（原则）声明，用以指导信息技术决策与活动，并作为企业架构的基础。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.3.1
preferred label: 制定并发布企业架构原则 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish and operate enterprise architecture governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.3.2
broader: Define and maintain enterprise architecture
definition: Establishing and operating a structure by which an enterprise defines appropriate strategies and ensures development alignment with those strategies. Create and establish the rules, regulations, policies, and standards that will govern the individual components of the IT architecture, as well as the architecture in its entirety.
definition: 建立并运行一套治理结构，使组织能够制定恰当的战略，并确保各项开发工作与该战略保持一致；制定并确立适用于IT架构各组成部分及整体架构的规则、规范、政策与标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.3.2
preferred label: 建立并运行企业架构治理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Research technologies to innovate IT services and solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.3.3
broader: Define and maintain enterprise architecture
definition: Systematically investigating and studying materials and sources relevant to the IT function. Reach meaningful insights and conclusions in the form of new ideas and innovation for delivering IT services and solutions.
definition: 系统性地调研与研究与IT职能相关的材料与信息源，形成关于IT服务与解决方案交付的新思路与创新性结论。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.3.3
preferred label: 研究新兴技术以推动IT服务与解决方案创新 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide input to definition and prioritization of IT projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.3.4
broader: Define and maintain enterprise architecture
definition: Analyze the value driven through IT projects and redefine and/or reprioritize. Evaluate planning, organizing, and implementation of IT projects based on research outcomes and business objectives.
definition: 分析IT项目所创造的价值，并据此重新定义和（或）调整优先级；基于研究成果与业务目标，评估IT项目的规划、组织与实施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.3.4
preferred label: 为IT项目的定义与优先级排序提供输入 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish IT service management strategy and goals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4.1
broader: Define IT service management strategy
definition: Implementing strategy for designing, delivering, managing, and improving the way information technology be used in the organization. The goal of IT Service Management is to ensure that the right processes, people, and technology are in place to meet business goals.
definition: 实施信息技术服务管理（ITSM）战略，涵盖信息技术在组织内的设计、交付、管理与持续改进；其目标是确保具备恰当的流程、人员与技术，以支撑业务目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4.1
preferred label: 制定IT服务管理战略与目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify IT service operating and process requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4.2
broader: Define IT service management strategy
definition: Identifying operating and process requirement for designing, delivering, managing, and improving the way information technology be used in the organization.
definition: 识别支撑信息技术在组织内设计、交付、管理与持续改进所需的运营与流程要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4.2
preferred label: 识别IT服务运营与流程需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT service catalog
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4.3
broader: Define IT service management strategy
definition: Create and design an organized and curated collection of all IT-related services that can be performed by, for, or within the organization.
definition: 构建并设计一个结构化、可管理的IT相关服务目录，涵盖组织可执行、为组织执行或在组织内部执行的所有IT服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4.3
preferred label: 定义IT服务目录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish IT service management framework
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4.4
broader: Define IT service management strategy
definition: Create a layered structure for IT service management framework ensuring right processes, people, and technology are in place to meet business goals.
definition: 构建分层式IT服务管理框架，确保流程、人员与技术配置合理，以支撑业务目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4.4
preferred label: 建立IT服务管理框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and implement IT service management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4.5
broader: Define IT service management strategy
definition: Defining and implementing activities involved in designing, creating, delivering, supporting, and managing the lifecycle of information technology services within an organization.
definition: 定义并实施涵盖信息技术服务全生命周期的设计、开发、交付、支持与管理等活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4.5
preferred label: 定义并实施IT服务管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and deploy support service management process tools and methods
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4.6
broader: Define IT service management strategy
definition: Establishing services for providing support to users of IT services and solutions. Define the plethora of services along with tools and methods by which the organization assists users of computers, software products, or other electronic/mechanical products.
definition: 建立面向IT服务与解决方案用户的支撑服务体系；明确定义各类服务内容，以及组织用于协助计算机、软件产品或其他电子/机械设备用户所采用的工具与方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4.6
preferred label: 定义并部署支持服务管理的流程工具与方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and report IT performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4.7
broader: Define IT service management strategy
definition: Supervising, analyzing, and reporting performance of information technology to ensure they are on-course and on-schedule in meeting the organizational objectives and performance targets.
definition: 监督、分析并报告信息技术绩效，确保其按既定路线与时间节点达成组织目标与绩效指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4.7
preferred label: 监控并报告IT绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT performance measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.1
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Determining measures for evaluating the performance of IT services in the organization. Establish key performance indicators, including the IT services performance index.
definition: 制定用于评估组织内IT服务绩效的度量方法；建立关键绩效指标（KPI），包括IT服务绩效指数。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.1
preferred label: 确定IT绩效度量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT control points and assurance procedures governance model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.2
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Establishing a governance model with its own structure and functions from where full or partial control can be exercised over the entire IT management system. Specify evaluation and quality control procedures in the structure.
definition: 建立具备自身结构与职能的治理模型，实现对整个IT管理体系的全面或部分管控；在该结构中明确评估与质量控制流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.2
preferred label: 定义IT控制点与保障程序的治理模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and analyze overall IT performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.3
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Monitoring and analyzing information technology performance measures to ensure timely completion, and that quality assurance is met at all steps of IT services.
definition: 监控与分析IT绩效度量，确保IT服务各环节按时完成且满足质量保障要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.3
preferred label: 监控与分析整体IT绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and analyze IT financial performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.4
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Checking and analyzing predetermined financial targets and timelines of IT management system. Monitoring their profitability, feasibility, and consistency. Study the revenues generated.
definition: 核查与分析IT管理体系预设的财务目标与时间节点，监控其盈利能力、可行性与一致性，并研究收入来源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.4
preferred label: 监控与分析IT财务绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and analyze IT value and benefits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.5
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Examining and analyzing the value and benefits of IT service management to ensure benefits outweigh incurred costs.
definition: 评估IT服务管理的价值与收益，确保收益大于投入成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.5
preferred label: 监控与分析IT价值与收益 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Optimize IT resource allocation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.6
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Create process to assign and manage IT assets that support organization's strategic goals.
definition: 建立流程，对支撑组织战略目标的IT资产进行分配与管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.6
preferred label: 优化IT资源配置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT projects and services interdependencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.7
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Manage capabilities required for the successful delivery of information technology projects, which, by extension, affect the success of the overall IT services.
definition: 管理成功交付信息技术项目所需的能力，进而保障整体IT服务的成功交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.7
preferred label: 管理IT项目与服务间的相互依赖关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report IT service and project performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.8
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Process of collecting, analyzing, and reporting information regarding the performance of IT services and projects.
definition: 收集、分析并报告IT服务与项目绩效相关信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.8
preferred label: 报告IT服务与项目绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Select, deploy, and operate IT performance analytics tools
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5.9
broader: Control IT management system
definition: Select, establish, and operate analytics tool to analyze data and extract actionable and commercially relevant information on IT performance to evaluate or increase performance.
definition: 遴选、建立并运行分析工具，对数据进行分析，提取可操作且具有商业价值的IT绩效信息，以评估或提升绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5.9
preferred label: 遴选、部署并运行IT绩效分析工具 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess performance against IT service and project value criteria
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.6.1
broader: Manage IT value portfolio
definition: Process of evaluating performance to collect and analyze IT services and projects. Ensure expected IT service and project value based on established criteria.
definition: 通过绩效评估，收集并分析IT服务与项目数据，确保其价值符合既定标准与预期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.6.1
preferred label: 依据IT服务与项目价值标准评估绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Quantify value of IT service and project portfolio investments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.6.2
broader: Manage IT value portfolio
definition: Evaluate the value of the investments, projects, and activities of IT function by assigning it a quantifiable value with a profitable return to business operations.
definition: 通过赋予量化价值并确保产生可盈利回报，评估IT职能所涉投资、项目与活动的价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.6.2
preferred label: 量化IT服务与项目投资组合的价值 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Communicate business technology value contribution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.6.3
broader: Manage IT value portfolio
definition: Conveying the value addition through adopting technology targeting towards integrated profitable business operations.
definition: 阐明技术采纳所带来的价值增值，推动实现集成化、盈利性的业务运营。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.6.3
preferred label: 沟通信息技术对业务的价值贡献 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine and implement IT portfolio adjustments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.6.4
broader: Manage IT value portfolio
definition: Determining and implementing IT investments, projects, and activities based on trending technological advancements in the existing environment in order to achieve overall business objectives.
definition: 依据现有环境中新兴技术发展趋势，确定并实施IT投资、项目与活动，以支撑整体业务目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.6.4
preferred label: 确定并实施IT投资组合调整方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish selection criteria for research initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7.1
broader: Define and manage technology innovation
definition: Establishing the standard for selecting IT research initiatives to align with organizational criteria for implementing future technologies.
definition: 制定IT研究项目遴选标准，确保其与组织未来技术实施准则相一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7.1
preferred label: 建立研发项目遴选标准 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze emerging technology concepts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7.2
broader: Define and manage technology innovation
definition: Assessing new and future technologies relevant to the organization's vision of its IT capabilities.
definition: 评估与组织IT能力愿景相关的新技术与未来技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7.2
preferred label: 分析新兴技术概念 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify technology concepts and capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7.3
broader: Define and manage technology innovation
definition: Identification of conceptual elements that define the benefits of technology to business.
definition: 识别界定技术对业务价值贡献的概念性要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7.3
preferred label: 识别技术概念与能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute IT research projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7.4
broader: Define and manage technology innovation
definition: Implement information technology research projects that focus on meeting the goals of the organization's IT services and capabilities.
definition: 实施聚焦于达成组织IT服务与能力目标的信息技术研究项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7.4
preferred label: 执行IT研发项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate IT research project outcomes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7.5
broader: Define and manage technology innovation
definition: Assessing IT research projects based on defined outcome expectations.
definition: 依据既定成果预期，对IT研究项目进行评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7.5
preferred label: 评估IT研发项目成果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and promote viable concepts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7.6
broader: Define and manage technology innovation
definition: Determine project viability. Promote relevant IT innovations that meet business objectives.
definition: 评估项目可行性；推广契合业务目标的相关IT创新。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7.6
preferred label: 识别并推广可行的技术概念 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and plan IT investment projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7.7
broader: Define and manage technology innovation
definition: Develop and plan long-term allocation of funds for information technology endeavors to meet business goals.
definition: 制定并规划长期信息技术资金投入方案，以支撑业务目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7.7
preferred label: 开发并规划IT投资项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate portfolio investments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Portfolio Management
broader: Portfolio Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Portfolio Management'.
definition: ITIL‘组合管理’实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.8.1
preferred label: 评估投资组合投资 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prioritize portfolio items
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Portfolio Management
broader: Portfolio Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Portfolio Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘投资组合管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.8.2
preferred label: 优先排序项目组合项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Balance portfolio risk and value
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Portfolio Management
broader: Portfolio Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Portfolio Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘投资组合管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.8.3
preferred label: 平衡项目组合的风险与价值 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define enterprise architecture vision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Architecture Management
broader: Architecture Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Architecture Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘架构管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.9.1
preferred label: 定义企业架构愿景 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain architecture repository
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Architecture Management
broader: Architecture Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Architecture Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘架构管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.9.2
preferred label: 维护架构存储库 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Govern architecture compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Architecture Management
broader: Architecture Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Architecture Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘架构管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.9.3
preferred label: 治理架构合规性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine and evaluate IT regulatory and audit requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.1
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Determining and evaluating IT regulatory and audit requirements. Train employees on regulatory and audit requirements. Records for the appropriate regulatory and audit agencies must be maintained and the new product process must be approved by the appropriate regulatory body before it is published to the organization.
definition: 识别并评估 IT 监管与审计要求；开展员工监管与审计要求培训；向相关监管与审计机构留存完整记录；新产品流程须经相应监管机构审批后方可发布至组织内部。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.1
preferred label: 识别并评估IT监管与审计要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Align IT risk management with cybersecurity frameworks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.10.1
broader: Create IT risk mitigation strategies and approaches
definition: Include alignment with established cybersecurity frameworks like NIST CSF, ISO 27001, and ENISA risk management guidelines.
definition: 确保与 NIST 网络安全框架（NIST CSF）、ISO/IEC 27001 及 ENISA 风险管理指南等公认网络安全框架保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.10.1
preferred label: 对齐IT风险管理与网络安全框架（如NIST CSF、ISO/IEC 27001） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Integrate IT and OT risk management strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.10.2
broader: Create IT risk mitigation strategies and approaches
definition: Ensure risk management processes are extended to cover OT systems and environments.
definition: 确保风险管理流程覆盖运营技术（OT）系统与环境。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.10.2
preferred label: 融合IT与OT风险管理策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Understand business unit risk tolerance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.2
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Understand the risk tolerance levels of individual business units, given risk-return trade-offs for one or more anticipated and predictable consequences.
definition: 结合一项或多项可预期、可预测后果的风险-收益权衡，明确各业务单元的风险容忍度水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.2
preferred label: 理解业务单元风险容忍度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish IT risk tolerance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.3
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Determine the specific maximum risk to take in quantitative terms for each relevant risk sub-category, including strategic, operational, financial, and compliance risks.
definition: 以量化方式确定各相关风险子类别的最大可接受风险值，包括战略风险、运营风险、财务风险及合规风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.3
preferred label: 确立IT风险容忍度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish risk ownership
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.4
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Establish an individual or a group who is ultimately accountable for ensuring that IT risks are managed appropriately.
definition: 指定一名责任人或责任团队，最终承担确保 IT 风险得到恰当管理的职责。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.4
preferred label: 明确风险责任人 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish and maintain risk management roles
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.5
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Determine and maintain roles that are specialized in each risk areas and coordinating all risk management activities for IT function with due escalation structure.
definition: 设立各风险领域专职岗位，统筹协调 IT 职能范围内的全部风险管理活动，并建立适当的升级机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.5
preferred label: 设立并维护风险管理角色 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish compliance objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.6
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Establishing compliance objectives which ensures that the organization has systems of internal controls that adequately measure and manage IT risk.
definition: 确立合规目标，确保组织具备充分的内部控制体系，以准确衡量并有效管理 IT 风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.6
preferred label: 设定合规目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify systems to support compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.7
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Identifying and adopting information technology solutions to support changing regulatory compliance. Safeguard compliance and manage risk by outlining the risk policies and procedures.
definition: 识别并采用信息技术解决方案，以支持不断变化的监管合规要求；通过制定风险政策与程序，保障合规并管控风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.7
preferred label: 识别支撑合规的系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and evaluate IT risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.8
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Developing a timely and continuous process to identify and evaluate activities that might hinder IT operations or an IT project's goals.
definition: 建立及时、持续的流程，识别并评估可能阻碍 IT 运营或 IT 项目目标实现的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.8
preferred label: 识别并评估IT风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate IT-related risks resiliency
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.9
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Assess IT-related risk resilience strategies to ensure that the organization effectively manages its risk.
definition: 评估 IT 相关韧性策略，确保组织有效管理其风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.9
preferred label: 评估IT相关风险的韧性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop continuity plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Continuity Management
broader: Service Continuity Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Continuity Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务连续性管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.10.1
preferred label: 制定连续性计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Test continuity procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Continuity Management
broader: Service Continuity Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Continuity Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务连续性管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.10.2
preferred label: 测试连续性流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain recovery capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Continuity Management
broader: Service Continuity Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Continuity Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务连续性管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.10.3
preferred label: 维护恢复能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT delivery resiliency
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.2.1
broader: Develop IT resilience strategy
definition: Determining resilience strategies to ensure that IT effectively manages it's delivery process to mitigate risk.
definition: 制定韧性策略，确保 IT 有效管理其交付流程以缓释风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.2.1
preferred label: 评估IT交付韧性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine critical IT risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.2.2
broader: Develop IT resilience strategy
definition: Determining risks that could disrupt objectives of IT including physical, security, data, network, and cybersecurity.
definition: 识别可能影响 IT 目标的各类风险，包括物理风险、安全风险、数据风险、网络风险及网络安全风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.2.2
preferred label: 识别关键IT风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prioritize IT risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.2.3
broader: Develop IT resilience strategy
definition: Prioritize potential IT risks based on business need to ensure overall IT stability.
definition: 依据业务需求对潜在 IT 风险进行优先级排序，以保障整体 IT 稳定性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.2.3
preferred label: 对IT风险进行优先级排序 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish mitigation approaches for IT risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.2.4
broader: Develop IT resilience strategy
definition: Establishing activities to improve opportunities and lessen threats for IT.
definition: 开展活动以提升 IT 机会、降低威胁。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.2.4
preferred label: 建立IT风险缓解方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate enterprise regulatory and compliance obligations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.1
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Evaluation of dynamic, strategic, and integrated approach to manage regulatory requirements and compliance obligations.
definition: 评估动态化、战略性、一体化的监管要求与合规义务管理方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.1
preferred label: 评估企业监管与合规义务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify, supervise and monitor IT risk mitigation measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.10
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Identifying and supervising a blueprint of measures for managing risk in IT. Monitor actions to enhance opportunities and reduce threats to project objectives.
definition: 识别并监督一套 IT 风险管理措施蓝图；跟踪行动进展，以增强机会、降低对项目目标的威胁。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.10
preferred label: 识别、监督与监控IT风险缓解措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze IT security threat impact
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.2
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Analyzing the impact of threats to critical IT assets across different departments and functions in the organization in terms of quantifiable results.
definition: 分析各类威胁对跨部门、跨职能关键 IT 资产的影响，并以可量化结果呈现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.2
preferred label: 分析IT安全威胁影响 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create and maintain IT compliance requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.3
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Develop and maintain IT compliance standards. Maintaining requirements set forth by such directives as GRCP, PMI RMP, CGRC, CGEIT, CRMA.
definition: 制定并维护 IT 合规标准；持续落实 GRCP、PMI RMP、CGRC、CGEIT、CRMA 等权威指引所规定的要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.3
preferred label: 制定并维护IT合规要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create and maintain IT security policies, standards, and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.4
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Develop and maintain an architecture for securing and ensuring the privacy of data flows throughout the organization. Create, test, evaluate, and implement IT security policies to ensure the safe use of IT services and solutions.
definition: 构建保障数据流安全与隐私的架构；制定、测试、评估并实施 IT 安全政策，确保 IT 服务与解决方案的安全使用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.4
preferred label: 制定并维护IT安全政策、标准与规程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and deploy risk management training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.5
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Develop and implement training in regard to managing IT risks, understanding criticality, impact, and opportunities associated with business objectives.
definition: 开展 IT 风险管理培训，提升员工对业务目标关联的关键性、影响及机会的理解能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.5
preferred label: 开发并部署风险管理培训 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish risk reporting capabilities and responsibilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.6
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Establishing processes to communicate IT risk to the organization.
definition: 建立向组织内部传达 IT 风险的流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.6
preferred label: 建立风险报告能力与职责 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish communication standards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.7
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Establishing standards for communications within the organization which creates the road map for successful understanding of strategic initiatives for both business units and information technology services.
definition: 制定组织内部沟通标准，为业务单元与信息技术服务共同理解战略举措提供路线图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.7
preferred label: 建立沟通标准 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct IT risk and threat assessments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.8
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Evaluate IT risk and threat assessments by way of IT assets, information security, and breach points within the organization.
definition: 基于组织内的 IT 资产、信息安全及薄弱环节，开展 IT 风险与威胁评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.8
preferred label: 开展IT风险与威胁评估 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and manage IT activity risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3.9
broader: Control IT risk, compliance, and security
definition: Monitoring and managing risks related to IT adoption within the organization.
definition: 监控并管理组织内 IT 采纳过程中的相关风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3.9
preferred label: 监控与管理IT活动风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate IT continuity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.4.1
broader: Plan and manage IT continuity
definition: Evaluating IT business needs and IT's ability to recover from internal or external threat exposure.
definition: 评估IT业务需求及IT系统在遭遇内外部威胁暴露后的恢复能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.4.1
preferred label: 评估IT连续性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify IT continuity gaps
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.4.2
broader: Plan and manage IT continuity
definition: Identifying the limitations of the IT organization's ability to remediate disruptions in IT services.
definition: 识别IT部门在修复IT服务中断方面的能力局限。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.4.2
preferred label: 识别IT连续性差距 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT business continuity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.4.3
broader: Plan and manage IT continuity
definition: Integrating the disciplines of Emergency Response, Crisis Management, Disaster Recovery (technology continuity) and Business Continuity for IT.
definition: 整合应急响应、危机管理、灾难恢复（技术连续性）与IT业务连续性管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.4.3
preferred label: 管理IT业务连续性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT regulatory and confidentiality requirements and policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5.1
broader: Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
definition: Evaluate principles or rules employed in controlling, directing, or managing IT services. Assessing requirements and policies related to confidentiality.
definition: 评估用于管控、指导或管理IT服务的原则或规则；审查与保密性相关的合规要求及政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5.1
preferred label: 评估IT监管与保密性要求及政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create IT security, privacy, and data protection risk governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5.2
broader: Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
definition: Defining and managing organization's approach to governing IT security and ensuring the privacy of data flows throughout the organization. Establish and manage tools to support the governance process in order to avoid misuse of information and breach of organizational privacy.
definition: 定义并管理组织的IT安全治理方法，确保全组织数据流的隐私保护；建立并管理支撑治理流程的工具，防范信息滥用与组织隐私泄露。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5.2
preferred label: 构建IT安全、隐私与数据保护风险治理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT data security and privacy policies, standards, and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5.3
broader: Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
definition: Outlining and establishing policies, regulations, standards, and procedures for IT data security and privacy.
definition: 制定并确立IT数据安全与隐私相关的政策、法规、标准及操作规程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5.3
preferred label: 制定IT数据安全与隐私政策、标准及规程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review and monitor physical and logical IT data security measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5.4
broader: Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
definition: Identifying, examining, and reviewing physical and logical IT data security measures such as hardware security (smart cards), cryptographic protocols, and access control.
definition: 识别、检查并评审物理与逻辑层面的IT数据安全措施，如智能卡等硬件安全、密码学协议及访问控制机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5.4
preferred label: 审查与监控物理及逻辑IT数据安全措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review and monitor application security controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5.5
broader: Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
definition: Identifying, examining, and reviewing security control for IT applications. Test, analyze, and implement security protocols in order to safeguard IT applications.
definition: 识别、检查并评审IT应用系统的安全控制措施；测试、分析并实施安全协议，以保障IT应用系统安全。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5.5
preferred label: 审查与监控应用安全控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review and monitor IT physical environment security controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5.6
broader: Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
definition: Identifying and examining security controls for physical environment of information technology such as business facilities, equipment, and resources.
definition: 识别、检查并评审IT物理环境（如办公场所、设备及资源）的安全控制措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5.6
preferred label: 审查与监控IT物理环境安全控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor/analyze network intrusion detection data and resolve threats
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5.7
broader: Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
definition: Monitoring and evaluating network intrusion detection for any malicious activity or policy violations. Identify the gaps in order to resolve threats and enhance existing network security.
definition: 监控与评估网络入侵检测系统，识别恶意活动或策略违规行为；定位安全短板，以消除威胁并强化现有网络安全防护。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5.7
preferred label: 监控/分析网络入侵检测数据并处置威胁 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct projects to enhance IT compliance and remediate risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.6.1
broader: Conduct and analyze IT compliance assessments
definition: Conducting projects in order to enhance set standards, established guidelines, and risk preventive measures for IT risk and resilience.
definition: 开展项目以提升IT风险与韧性领域的既定标准、既定指南及风险预防措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.6.1
preferred label: 开展提升IT合规性及整改风险的项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct IT compliance control auditing of internal and external services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.6.2
broader: Conduct and analyze IT compliance assessments
definition: Examine compliance control systems and tools implemented for internal and external IT services.
definition: 审查为内外部IT服务所部署的合规管控系统与工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.6.2
preferred label: 对内部与外部服务开展IT合规性控制审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform IT compliance reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.6.3
broader: Conduct and analyze IT compliance assessments
definition: Execute IT compliance reporting in order to review processes, standards, regulations, and laws are followed as laid out by the regulatory bodies.
definition: 执行IT合规报告工作，以验证流程、标准、法规及法律是否严格遵循监管机构要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.6.3
preferred label: 执行IT合规性报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and escalate IT compliance issues and remediation requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.6.4
broader: Conduct and analyze IT compliance assessments
definition: Identify and escalate issues related to IT compliance to ensure that corrective measures are taken.
definition: 识别并上报IT合规相关问题，确保及时采取整改措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.6.4
preferred label: 识别并上报IT合规性问题及整改要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Support external audits and reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.6.5
broader: Conduct and analyze IT compliance assessments
definition: Supporting audits and reports through external resources. This process requires the organization to follow all the regulations set forth by external auditors.
definition: 借助外部资源支持审计与报告工作；组织须全面遵守外部审计机构提出的各项监管要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.6.5
preferred label: 支持外部审计与报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct IT resilience improvement projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.7.1
broader: Develop and execute IT resilience and continuity operations
definition: Conducting projects to improve the strategy and process for rapidly adapting to any threat in IT.
definition: 开展项目以优化IT领域快速应对威胁的战略与流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.7.1
preferred label: 开展IT韧性提升项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop, document, and maintain IT business continuity planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.7.2
broader: Develop and execute IT resilience and continuity operations
definition: Develop, document, and maintain plans to ensure uninterrupted operations of critical IT services (for example, ransomware recovery). Determine resources such as specialized personnel, equipment, support infrastructure, third-party access, legal and financial aspects.
definition: 制定、记录并维护关键IT服务不间断运行保障计划（例如勒索软件恢复方案），明确所需资源，包括专业人员、设备、支撑基础设施、第三方接入权限，以及法律与财务要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.7.2
preferred label: 制定、记录并维护IT业务连续性计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement and enforce change control procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.7.3
broader: Develop and execute IT resilience and continuity operations
definition: Implement and enforce procedures and policies in order to control changes in IT services and solutions. Manage changes in a rational and predictable manner for optimum resource utilization.
definition: 制定并落实IT服务与解决方案变更管控的流程与政策，以理性、可预测的方式管理变更，实现资源最优配置。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.7.3
preferred label: 实施并落实变更控制流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute recurring IT service provider business continuity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.7.4
broader: Develop and execute IT resilience and continuity operations
definition: Review and implement resources (including external parties) necessary to support uninterrupted operations of critical IT services.
definition: 评审并落实支撑关键IT服务不间断运行所需的资源（含外部合作方）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.7.4
preferred label: 执行IT服务提供商业务连续性的周期性演练 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide IT resilience training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.7.5
broader: Develop and execute IT resilience and continuity operations
definition: Conduct and manage employee training programs on IT resilience so that prospective risks can be avoided.
definition: 开展并管理面向员工的IT韧性培训项目，前瞻性规避潜在风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.7.5
preferred label: 开展IT韧性培训 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute recurring IT business operations continuity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.7.6
broader: Develop and execute IT resilience and continuity operations
definition: Implement regular resources supporting uninterrupted operations of critical IT services.
definition: 定期部署并维护支撑关键IT服务不间断运行的资源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.7.6
preferred label: 执行IT业务运营连续性的周期性演练 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Support integration of identity and authorization policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.1
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Create and implement policies that integrate authorization policies with authorized profiles of users meant to access network resources.
definition: 制定并实施将授权策略与用户网络资源访问权限画像相集成的政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.1
preferred label: 支持身份与授权政策的集成 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT user directory
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.2
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Managing directory of user profiles and access requirements across different levels in the organization's IT network.
definition: 统一管理组织IT网络中各层级的用户画像目录及访问权限要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.2
preferred label: 管理IT用户目录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT user authorization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.3
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Managing the process of authorizing IT users to access applications, systems, IT components, or networks by associating user rights.
definition: 管理IT用户授权流程，通过绑定用户权限，授予其对应用、系统、IT组件或网络的访问权。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.3
preferred label: 管理IT用户授权 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.4.1
broader: Manage IT user authentication mechanisms
definition: Adopting MFA to ensure secure user authentication across all systems.
definition: 采用多因素认证（MFA），确保所有系统用户身份认证的安全性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.4.1
preferred label: 实施多因素认证（MFA） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Implement identity federation and single sign-on (SSO)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.4.2
broader: Manage IT user authentication mechanisms
definition: Integrating identity federation and SSO solutions to enhance user experience and security.
definition: 集成身份联合（identity federation）与单点登录（SSO）解决方案，兼顾用户体验与安全性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.4.2
preferred label: 实施身份联合与单点登录（SSO） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Audit IT user identity and authorization systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.5
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Examine the processes responsible for reviewing IT user identity and authorization.
definition: 审查负责IT用户身份与授权审核的流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.5
preferred label: 审计IT用户身份与授权系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Respond to IT information security and network breaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.6
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Address any form of unauthorized network breach such as unauthorized access or usage of data, applications, services, networks, and/or devices. Identify the root cause and take corrective measures to resolve the breach.
definition: 处置各类未授权网络入侵事件，包括数据、应用、服务、网络和/或设备的未授权访问或使用；查明根本原因并采取整改措施予以解决。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.6
preferred label: 响应IT信息安全与网络攻击事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct penetration testing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.7
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Conduct penetration testing (pen test) through an authorized stimulated attack to identify security weakness in an IT environment by evaluating the system or network with various harmful techniques.
definition: 通过经授权的模拟攻击开展渗透测试（pen test），运用多种攻击技术评估系统或网络，识别IT环境中的安全薄弱环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.7
preferred label: 开展渗透测试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Audit integration of user identity and authorization systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.8
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Reviewing the processes responsible for integration of user identity and access authorization in order to confirm that all the required regulations are followed.
definition: 审查用户身份与访问授权集成流程，确认其全面符合各项监管要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.8
preferred label: 审计用户身份与授权系统的集成情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define security policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Information Security Management
broader: Information Security Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Information Security Management'.
definition: ITIL信息安全管理体系实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.9.1
preferred label: 制定安全政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage security incidents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Information Security Management
broader: Information Security Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Information Security Management'.
definition: ITIL信息安全管理体系实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.9.2
preferred label: 管理安全事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct security assessments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Information Security Management
broader: Information Security Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Information Security Management'.
definition: ITIL信息安全管理体系实践中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.9.3
preferred label: 开展安全评估 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage access controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Information Security Management
broader: Information Security Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Information Security Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「信息安全管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.9.4
preferred label: 管理访问控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish data, information, and analytic objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.1.1
broader: Define business information and analytics strategy
definition: Implementing strategies for securing and ensuring the privacy of data flows throughout the organization. Create protocols and guidelines for individual IT components. Outline analytic objectives in order to avoid misuse of information.
definition: 实施保障数据流动安全与隐私的策略；为各 IT 组件制定协议与规范；明确分析目标，防范信息滥用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.1.1
preferred label: 确立数据、信息与分析目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish data, information, and analytic governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.1.2
broader: Define business information and analytics strategy
definition: Creating a set of guidelines that ensure effective and efficient use of IT. Define data, information, and analytic governance to reach the organization's goal.
definition: 制定确保 IT 高效、有效使用的指导方针；界定数据、信息与分析治理框架，支撑组织目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.1.2
preferred label: 建立数据、信息与分析治理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Access IT data/analytic capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.1.3
broader: Define business information and analytics strategy
definition: Determining the request for data accessibility and analysis. Review the details based on internal data security policies and permit data access only if internal policies and data access parameters are met.
definition: 评估数据可访问性与分析需求；依据内部数据安全政策审核申请细节，仅在符合内部政策及数据访问参数时批准访问。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.1.3
preferred label: 接入IT数据/分析能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine enterprise business information requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.2.1
broader: Define and maintain business information architecture
definition: Determining strategies to manage the enterprise wide flow of business information and content. Outline the required architecture for information resources.
definition: 制定覆盖全企业的业务信息与内容流动管理策略；明确信息资源所需架构。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.2.1
preferred label: 识别企业级业务信息需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define enterprise data models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.2.2
broader: Define and maintain business information architecture
definition: Define different ways of representation, usage, and identification of data with independent or interdependent sources across the organization.
definition: 定义组织内独立或关联数据源的数据表示、使用与识别方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.2.2
preferred label: 定义企业级数据模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and understand external data sources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.2.3
broader: Define and maintain business information architecture
definition: Identifying and understanding external sources of data in relevance of reliability, security, and authenticity.
definition: 识别并评估外部数据源的可靠性、安全性与真实性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.2.3
preferred label: 识别并理解外部数据源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish data ownership and stewardship responsibilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.2.4
broader: Define and maintain business information architecture
definition: Establishing entities responsible for data accuracy, integrity, and timeliness that can authorize or deny access to certain data. Develop data utilizing governance processes to ensure fitness of data elements.
definition: 明确对数据准确性、完整性与时效性负主体责任的实体，并授权或否决特定数据访问；通过数据治理流程确保数据要素适用性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.2.4
preferred label: 明确数据所有权与数据管家职责 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain and evolve enterprise data and information architecture
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.2.5
broader: Define and maintain business information architecture
definition: Creating and maintaining the process of designing, creating, deploying, and managing strategies to maintain enterprise data and information architecture.
definition: 建立并持续优化企业数据与信息架构的设计、构建、部署与管理策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.2.5
preferred label: 持续维护与演进企业级数据与信息架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and maintain enterprise information policies, standards, and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.3.1
broader: Define and execute business information lifecycle planning and control
definition: Outlining and establishing policies for information and setting information standards and procedures. Establish policies to regulate the creation, use, storage, access, communication, and dissemination of information.
definition: 制定信息政策，确立信息标准与规程；规范信息的创建、使用、存储、访问、沟通与分发。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.3.1
preferred label: 制定并维护企业级信息政策、标准与规程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement and execute data administration responsibilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.3.2
broader: Define and execute business information lifecycle planning and control
definition: Implementing and executing strategies for processes and technologies that support the collection, managing, and storing of data.
definition: 实施并执行支撑数据采集、管理与存储的流程与技术策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.3.2
preferred label: 实施并履行数据管理职责 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and control business information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.4.1
broader: Manage business information
definition: Defining the rules, diction, and logic that make up the framework of the organization's information architecture. Monitoring and controlling information attributes that flow through the IT framework.
definition: 定义构成组织信息架构基础的规则、术语与逻辑；监控并管控流经 IT 框架的信息属性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.4.1
preferred label: 监控与管控业务信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain business information feeds and repositories
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.4.2
broader: Manage business information
definition: Maintain information feedstock along with IT hardware and software needed for storage, access, and retrieval of business information.
definition: 维护信息基础资源，以及支撑业务信息存储、访问与检索所需的 IT 硬件与软件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.4.2
preferred label: 维护业务信息数据流与存储库 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform internal usage audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.4.3
broader: Manage business information
definition: Verification of information access and usage through regular reports on organizational performance.
definition: 通过定期组织绩效报告，验证信息访问与使用情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.4.3
preferred label: 开展内部使用审计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement and administer business information access
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.4.4
broader: Manage business information
definition: Implement and manage the process for accessing information including issues related to copyright, open source, privacy, and security.
definition: 实施并管理信息访问流程，涵盖版权、开源、隐私与安全等相关问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.4.4
preferred label: 实施并管理业务信息访问控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT service/solution development
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1.1
broader: Develop service/solution and integration strategy
definition: Determining the development of IT service/solution. Analyze the pros and cons of IT service/solution and it's methods on the basis of their cost effectiveness and development value.
definition: 确定 IT 服务/解决方案的开发方向；基于成本效益与开发价值，分析其优劣及实施方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1.1
preferred label: 确定IT服务/解决方案开发方向 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT service/solution development processes/standards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1.2
broader: Develop service/solution and integration strategy
definition: Establishing the methods and processes as the foundation for developing new IT platforms, components, software, and explore new standards for better IT usage in the organization.
definition: 建立新 IT 平台、组件与软件开发的方法与流程基础；探索提升组织 IT 应用效能的新标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1.2
preferred label: 定义IT服务/解决方案开发流程与标准 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify, deploy, and support development methodologies and tools
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1.3
broader: Develop service/solution and integration strategy
definition: Identifying and implementing techniques and tools for development based on overall value addition to the IT environment.
definition: 识别并落地可为 IT 环境整体增值的技术与工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1.3
preferred label: 识别、部署并支持开发方法论与工具 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish service component criteria
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1.4
broader: Develop service/solution and integration strategy
definition: Establishing standards for selection of IT service components.
definition: 制定 IT 服务组件选型标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1.4
preferred label: 确立服务组件评估准则 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand and select reusable service components
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1.5
broader: Develop service/solution and integration strategy
definition: Understanding and selecting reusable service components so that they can be cost-effective and efficient.
definition: 理解并遴选可复用的服务组件，以实现成本效益与运行效率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1.5
preferred label: 理解并遴选可复用服务组件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain service component portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1.6
broader: Develop service/solution and integration strategy
definition: Creating and establishing service component portfolio by defining investments, and activities. Analyze and examine the value of the service component portfolio, and allocate resources towards it.
definition: 通过界定投资与活动，构建并确立服务组件组合；分析评估其价值，并合理配置资源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1.6
preferred label: 维护服务组件组合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish development standards exception governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1.7
broader: Develop service/solution and integration strategy
definition: Creating standards and procedures for developing IT services/solutions outside of defined business parameters.
definition: 制定在既定业务边界之外开发 IT 服务/解决方案的标准与规程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1.7
preferred label: 建立开发标准例外治理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and track emerging technology capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.2.1
broader: Manage service/solution lifecycle planning
definition: Perform a systematic investigation to new and future technology capabilities for future upgrades.
definition: 系统性调研新兴与未来技术能力，支撑后续升级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.2.1
preferred label: 监测与跟踪新兴技术能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify IT services/solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.2.2
broader: Manage service/solution lifecycle planning
definition: Identifying processes and supporting procedures that are performed by an organization to design, plan, deliver, operate, and control information technology services/solutions offered to customers.
definition: 识别组织为设计、规划、交付、运营与管控面向客户的 IT 服务/解决方案所执行的流程及配套程序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.2.2
preferred label: 识别IT服务/解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT service/solution approach
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.2.3
broader: Manage service/solution lifecycle planning
definition: Determining an approach to create a base for delivering IT service/solution aligned with overall business needs while maintaining a tight control on delivery and costs.
definition: 制定兼顾业务需求对齐、交付可控与成本可控的 IT 服务/解决方案交付基础方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.2.3
preferred label: 确定IT服务/解决方案实施路径 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT solution lifecycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.2.4
broader: Manage service/solution lifecycle planning
definition: Defining solutions to satisfy business needs. IT solution lifecycle provides a means to address the full life cycle of an information technology solution and addresses the current and future state of IT services and solutions.
definition: 定义满足业务需求的解决方案；IT 解决方案生命周期提供覆盖其全生命周期的管理路径，并统筹当前与未来状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.2.4
preferred label: 定义IT解决方案生命周期 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop IT service/solution "sunset" plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.2.5
broader: Manage service/solution lifecycle planning
definition: Developing plans to retire IT service/solution resources when the service/solution is no longer feasible.
definition: 制定 IT 服务/解决方案资源退役计划，于其不再可行时有序退出。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.2.5
preferred label: 制定IT服务/解决方案退出计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT application and infrastructure architecture constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.1
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Assessing limitations in IT application and infrastructure architecture that may hinder expected performance.
definition: 评估信息技术应用与基础设施架构中存在的限制，识别可能阻碍预期性能的因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.1
preferred label: 评估IT应用与基础设施架构约束 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess business constraints on IT service/solution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.2
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Evaluate business limitations that may hinder IT service/solution performance.
definition: 评估可能制约IT服务/解决方案性能的业务限制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.2
preferred label: 评估业务对IT服务/解决方案的约束 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT component integration requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.3
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Determining the requirements to integrate IT components such as hardware, software, database, telecommunication, and network.
definition: 明确集成IT组件（包括硬件、软件、数据库、电信及网络）所需的要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.3
preferred label: 确定IT组件集成需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify opportunities for IT component reuse
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.4
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Identification of opportunities for reusing IT components so that they can be cost-effective and efficient.
definition: 识别IT组件复用机会，以提升成本效益与运行效率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.4
preferred label: 识别IT组件复用机会 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Promote adoption of existing service/solution architecture
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.5
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Encouraging acceptance of existing IT service/solution architecture in the organization.
definition: 推动组织内部对现有IT服务/解决方案架构的接受与采纳。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.5
preferred label: 推动现有服务/解决方案架构的采用 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and maintain service/solution architectures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.6
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Creating and maintaining a services and solutions architecture over a network that can be revised as needed or even eliminated in case of inefficiencies.
definition: 构建并维护基于网络的服务与解决方案架构，支持按需修订或在低效时予以淘汰。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.6
preferred label: 开发并维护服务/解决方案架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT service/solution architecture conformance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.7
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Assessing functional compliance of the IT service/solution architecture. Safeguard compliance with guidelines for the architecture.
definition: 评估IT服务/解决方案架构的功能合规性，保障其符合架构相关规范要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.7
preferred label: 评估IT服务/解决方案架构合规性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage architectural exceptions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3.8
broader: Develop and manage service/solution architecture
definition: Identifying and resolving any architectural exceptions. Address the internal inquiries related to architecture that cannot be addressed immediately. Research inquiries that require the need of exceptional methods.
definition: 识别并解决架构异常；处理无法即时响应的内部架构类咨询；针对需采用特殊方法的咨询开展专项研究。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3.8
preferred label: 管理架构例外事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess and validate IT service/solution requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1.1
broader: Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
definition: Evaluating and validating the requirements and needs of IT service/solution.
definition: 评估与验证IT服务/解决方案的需求与要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1.1
preferred label: 评估并验证IT服务/解决方案需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Create service/solution design
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1.2
broader: Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
definition: Formulating a design for service/solution that helps an organization to meet its objectives. Develop a new framework for molding the service/solution processes into a coherent and structured form.
definition: 制定支撑组织目标实现的服务/解决方案设计方案；构建新框架，将服务/解决方案流程整合为连贯、结构化体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1.2
preferred label: 制定服务/解决方案设计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Build and test IT service/solution components
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1.3
broader: Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
definition: Building and testing new components required for the development of IT services and solutions.
definition: 构建并测试IT服务与解决方案开发所需的新增组件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1.3
preferred label: 构建并测试IT服务/解决方案组件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Integrate IT components and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1.4
broader: Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
definition: Combining the newly built IT component along with IT services in order to gain optimum output.
definition: 将新建IT组件与既有IT服务集成，以实现最优输出。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1.4
preferred label: 集成IT组件与服务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Execute IT service/solution validation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1.5
broader: Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
definition: Validating that the proposed IT service/solution is feasible and provides the needed services for the customer.
definition: 验证所提议的IT服务/解决方案具备可行性，并能为客户交付所需功能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1.5
preferred label: 执行IT服务/解决方案验证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Bundle service/solution deployment packaging
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1.6
broader: Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
definition: Creating and implementing a strategy for the deployment of IT service/solution by defining all of the activities that make the IT function available for use. Define the deployment process, procedures, and tools. Select the most feasible and practical methodologies for the deployment process.
definition: 制定并落实IT服务/解决方案部署策略，明确定义使IT功能可投入使用的全部活动；界定部署流程、规程与工具；选择最可行、最实用的部署方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1.6
preferred label: 打包服务/解决方案部署包 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Manage service/solution process exceptions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1.7
broader: Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
definition: Identifying and resolving internal needs/inquiries for service/solution that cannot be resolved immediately. Research inquiries that require the need of exceptional solutions.
definition: 识别并处理无法即时解决的内部服务/解决方案类需求或咨询；针对需采用特殊方案的咨询开展专项研究。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1.7
preferred label: 管理服务/解决方案流程例外事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Assess IT remediation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.5.1.1
broader: Execute IT service/solution maintenance lifecycle
definition: Evaluate plans to address information technology environmental adulteration for rectification efforts.
definition: 评估应对信息技术环境劣化的整改计划，支撑纠偏行动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.5.1.1
preferred label: 评估IT整改需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Modify service/solution design
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.5.1.2
broader: Execute IT service/solution maintenance lifecycle
definition: Redesign the roadmap to seek solution or service with an overall process flow and impact timeframe.
definition: 重构实施路线图，统筹解决方案或服务的整体流程与影响周期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.5.1.2
preferred label: 修改服务/解决方案设计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Perform IT service/solution remediation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.5.1.3
broader: Execute IT service/solution maintenance lifecycle
definition: Administering the efforts and activities for IT service/solution remediation. This process element requires the organization to create plans for corrective action in collaboration with government agencies and pertinent professional services agencies which specialize in remediation efforts relevant to the organization's service/solution. Additionally, the organization needs to consult experts to validate the plan, determine resources allocation, resolve any legal concerns, and formulate a company-wide policy for IT service/solution remediation.
definition: 统筹IT服务/解决方案整改工作的实施与活动。该环节要求组织协同政府机构及相关专业服务机构共同制定整改行动计划；同时须咨询专家，以验证计划可行性、确定资源投入、解决法律风险，并制定全公司范围的IT服务/解决方案整改政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.5.1.3
preferred label: 实施IT服务/解决方案整改 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Manage service/solution operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.5.1.4
broader: Execute IT service/solution maintenance lifecycle
definition: Understanding customer requirements. Managing services/solutions based on the requirements. Develop components for providing the requirements. Train resources to provide support. Confirm the customer experience post-sale. Evaluate the performance of service/solution. Communicate the results to the management.
definition: 理解客户需求；依据需求开展服务/解决方案管理；开发满足需求的组件；培训支持人员；售后确认客户体验；评估服务/解决方案绩效；向管理层汇报结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.5.1.4
preferred label: 管理服务/解决方案运维 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Prepare fixed/enhanced service/solution packaging
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.5.1.5
broader: Execute IT service/solution maintenance lifecycle
definition: Developing packaging for fixed/enhanced service/solution based on the standalone or bundled offerings to be used by the organization.
definition: 基于独立提供或组合打包模式，开发面向组织使用的已修复/增强型服务/解决方案交付包。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.5.1.5
preferred label: 准备修复版/增强版服务/解决方案部署包 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Design service architecture
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Design
broader: Service Design
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Design'.
definition: ITIL实践‘服务设计’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.6.1
preferred label: 设计服务架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define service requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Design
broader: Service Design
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Design'.
definition: ITIL实践‘服务设计’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.6.2
preferred label: 定义服务需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan service transitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Design
broader: Service Design
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Design'.
definition: ITIL实践‘服务设计’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.6.3
preferred label: 规划服务过渡 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage development lifecycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Software Development and Management
broader: Software Development and Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Software Development and Management'.
definition: ITIL实践‘软件开发与管理’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.7.1
preferred label: 管理开发生命周期 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement coding standards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Software Development and Management
broader: Software Development and Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Software Development and Management'.
definition: ITIL实践‘软件开发与管理’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.7.2
preferred label: 实施编码规范 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage technical debt
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Software Development and Management
broader: Software Development and Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Software Development and Management'.
definition: ITIL实践‘软件开发与管理’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.7.3
preferred label: 管理技术债务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT deployment business impact
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.1.1
broader: Develop and manage service/solution deployment strategy
definition: Evaluate the impact of IT deployment (products/services) on the business. Compare pre and post development performance, behavior of resources, and cost to assess organizational benefit.
definition: 评估IT部署（产品/服务）对业务的影响；对比部署前后性能表现、资源行为及成本变化，衡量组织收益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.1.1
preferred label: 评估IT部署的业务影响 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish IT deployment policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.1.2
broader: Develop and manage service/solution deployment strategy
definition: Defining deployment policies regarding IT services and solutions to allow employees to plan accordingly. Reduce the negative impact to the user community.
definition: 制定IT服务与解决方案部署政策，便于员工提前规划，降低对用户群体的负面影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.1.2
preferred label: 制定IT部署政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and create deployment procedure workflow
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.1.3
broader: Develop and manage service/solution deployment strategy
definition: Outlining processes, methods, and equipment for deployment of IT solutions. Manage core operations servers like subversion server, production server, and development server, to make the IT services and solutions available for internal/client use.
definition: 明确IT解决方案部署的流程、方法与设备；管理核心运维服务器（如Subversion服务器、生产服务器、开发服务器），确保IT服务与解决方案可供内部或客户使用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.1.3
preferred label: 定义并创建部署流程工作流 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT change/release standards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.1.4
broader: Develop and manage service/solution deployment strategy
definition: Establishing guidelines for the changed/released IT services and solutions to meet business objectives with optimum utilization.
definition: 制定已变更/已发布IT服务与解决方案的使用指南，以最优方式支撑业务目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.1.4
preferred label: 定义IT变更/发布标准 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assign deployment approval responsibilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.1.5
broader: Develop and manage service/solution deployment strategy
definition: Coordinating development approval responsibilities based on defined change standards.
definition: 依据既定变更标准，协调开发审批职责。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.1.5
preferred label: 明确部署审批职责 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze deployments outcomes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.1.6
broader: Develop and manage service/solution deployment strategy
definition: Evaluating the impact (pros and cons) of IT services deployment.
definition: 评估IT服务部署的综合影响（利弊分析）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.1.6
preferred label: 分析部署成效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan deployment approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Deployment Management
broader: Deployment Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Deployment Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘部署管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.10.1
preferred label: 规划部署方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute deployments to environments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Deployment Management
broader: Deployment Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Deployment Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘部署管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.10.2
preferred label: 向各环境执行部署 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage deployment automation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Deployment Management
broader: Deployment Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Deployment Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘部署管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.10.3
preferred label: 管理部署自动化 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT deployment risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2.1
broader: Plan service and solution implementation
definition: Accessing threats and potential failures related to the deployment of IT services/solutions.
definition: 识别IT服务/解决方案部署过程中面临的威胁及潜在失效风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2.1
preferred label: 评估IT部署风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define implementation schedule and roll-out sequence
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2.2
broader: Plan service and solution implementation
definition: Defining the schedule for implementation of change. Plan and carry out a process or procedure to implement the predefined changes.
definition: 明确变更实施的时间安排；规划并执行既定变更的实施流程或程序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2.2
preferred label: 制定实施计划与上线顺序 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine implementation requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2.3
broader: Plan service and solution implementation
definition: Determine requirements for implementation of IT deployment. Carry out a pre-implementation audit to assess the impact and use case. Gauge the possible vulnerabilities and impact the business operations during and after the implementation.
definition: 确定IT部署实施所需条件；开展部署前审计，评估影响范围与业务场景；研判部署期间及之后可能引发的脆弱性及对业务运营的影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2.3
preferred label: 确定实施需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan and align user testing and resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2.4
broader: Plan service and solution implementation
definition: Plan methodologies and align resources for user testing of IT deployment.
definition: 规划用户测试方法论，并统筹协调相关资源以支持IT部署的用户测试。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2.4
preferred label: 规划并协调用户测试及资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop IT training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2.5
broader: Plan service and solution implementation
definition: Create and manage employee training programs by considering the need and availability of these programs. Manage all aspects related to the training programs.
definition: 依据实际需求与资源可获得性，设计并管理员工培训项目；统筹管理培训项目的全部环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2.5
preferred label: 开发IT培训方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create implementation communications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2.6
broader: Plan service and solution implementation
definition: Coordinating change implementation in IT services and solutions communications with employees and stakeholders.
definition: 统筹协调IT服务与解决方案变更实施过程中的员工及利益相关方沟通工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2.6
preferred label: 制定实施沟通计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT roll-back procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2.7
broader: Plan service and solution implementation
definition: Managing procedures to return to initial pre-deployment stage or previous state from current environment.
definition: 建立并管理回退机制，确保可从当前环境恢复至部署前初始状态或上一稳定版本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2.7
preferred label: 管理IT回退流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Asses IT change/release impact
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3.1
broader: Manage change deployment control
definition: Evaluating the impact of IT change/release on the business.
definition: 评估IT变更/发布对业务运营的影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3.1
preferred label: 评估IT变更/发布影响 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Confirm change/release compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3.2
broader: Manage change deployment control
definition: Ensure that change/release meets change guidelines set by the organization.
definition: 确保变更/发布符合组织制定的变更管理规范。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3.2
preferred label: 确认变更/发布合规性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT change/release risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3.3
broader: Manage change deployment control
definition: Evaluating for any kind of risks or threats which could be caused due to IT change/release deployment.
definition: 识别因IT变更/发布部署可能引发的各类风险或威胁。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3.3
preferred label: 评估IT变更/发布风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Consolidate IT change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3.4
broader: Manage change deployment control
definition: Integrate all forms of changes in IT in order to make more efficient use of resources and down time, and optimizing results.
definition: 整合各类IT变更，提升资源利用效率、降低停机时间，并优化整体实施成效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3.4
preferred label: 整合IT变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create and communicate deployment schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3.5
broader: Manage change deployment control
definition: Defining and communicating the schedule for implementation to related stakeholders and functions.
definition: 面向相关利益相关方及职能部门，明确并传达变更实施时间表。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3.5
preferred label: 制定并发布部署计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Approve change/release deployment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3.6
broader: Manage change deployment control
definition: Permitting for the change/release deployment. Approve deployment based on the evaluation of business impact due to change/release.
definition: 审批变更/发布部署；基于业务影响评估结果决定是否批准部署。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3.6
preferred label: 审批变更/发布部署 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Document IT change/release outcome
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3.7
broader: Manage change deployment control
definition: Recording outcomes related to the change/release deployment.
definition: 记录变更/发布部署的相关结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3.7
preferred label: 记录IT变更/发布结果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Confirm hardware/software operational status
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.1
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Confirm if hardware/software are operating as per the expectation.
definition: 确认硬件/软件运行状态符合预期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.1
preferred label: 确认软硬件运行状态 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Confirm operational availability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.2
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Confirm if operational activities of IT services could be performed.
definition: 确认IT服务各项运维活动可正常执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.2
preferred label: 确认运行可用性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute internal IT implementation plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.3
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Executing IT implementation plan to make the IT services and solutions available for internal use.
definition: 执行IT实施计划，使IT服务与解决方案具备内部使用条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.3
preferred label: 执行内部IT实施计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Confirm implementation completion
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.4
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Confirming the completion of IT implementation.
definition: 确认IT实施工作已完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.4
preferred label: 确认实施完成 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement software change/release
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.5
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Executing changes in software and services as per change/release schedule.
definition: 依据变更/发布时间表，执行软件与服务层面的变更操作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.5
preferred label: 实施软件变更/发布 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform post-installation testing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.6
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Perform testing after installation to confirm expected performance is met.
definition: 安装后开展测试，验证系统性能是否达到预期目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.6
preferred label: 开展安装后测试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Distribute software components network-wide
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.7
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Distributing and implementing the release of changed IT solutions. Administer, implement, and install the releases onto internal systems. Provide methods for installing releases on client users.
definition: 分发并实施变更后的IT解决方案；在内部系统中完成发布版本的管理、部署与安装；提供面向终端用户的发布安装方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.7
preferred label: 全网分发软件组件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Verify change/release implementation success
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.8
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Confirming that the release has met expectations.
definition: 确认发布版本已满足预期目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.8
preferred label: 验证变更/发布实施成效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute roll-back plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4.9
broader: Implement technology solutions
definition: Execution of plan to return to the previous operating state if the change/release impedes operational expectations.
definition: 若变更/发布导致运营未达预期，立即执行回退至先前运行状态的预案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4.9
preferred label: 执行回退方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct IT training
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5.1
broader: Perform service and solution rollout
definition: Preparing users for changes in IT solutions. Conduct training sessions and engagement activities to familiarize users with the new changes. Implementing the programs for training IT employees.
definition: 面向用户开展IT解决方案变更准备：组织培训与宣贯活动，帮助用户熟悉新变更；落实IT员工专项培训计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5.1
preferred label: 开展IT培训 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare and distribute service/solution communications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5.2
broader: Perform service and solution rollout
definition: Coordinating communications regarding the changes in IT services and solutions with employees in the organization.
definition: 统筹组织内部员工关于IT服务与解决方案变更的信息沟通工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5.2
preferred label: 编制并分发服务/解决方案沟通材料 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Support organizational changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5.3
broader: Perform service and solution rollout
definition: Creating a strategy for providing support for organizational changes. Providing support to users of IT services and solutions.
definition: 制定组织变革支持策略；为IT服务与解决方案用户提供持续支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5.3
preferred label: 支持组织变革 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute rollout plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5.4
broader: Perform service and solution rollout
definition: Executing a plan for introducing the IT services and solutions to the organization's end user base.
definition: 执行IT服务与解决方案向组织最终用户群体推广的实施计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5.4
preferred label: 执行上线计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide rollout support
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5.5
broader: Perform service and solution rollout
definition: Establishing services for providing support to users of IT services and solutions for rollout. Define the plethora of services by which the organization assists users of technology products.
definition: 建立面向IT服务与解决方案用户的上线支持服务体系；明确定义组织为技术产品用户提供的一系列支持服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5.5
preferred label: 提供上线支持 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage rollout support capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5.6
broader: Perform service and solution rollout
definition: Managing the necessary skills and competencies required to efficiently provide IT resolution for rollout through the support structure. Identify the gaps and needs in support structure.
definition: 统筹管理支撑上线阶段高效提供IT问题解决能力所必需的技能与胜任力；识别支持体系中的能力缺口与资源需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5.6
preferred label: 管理上线支持能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and record rollout issues
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5.7
broader: Perform service and solution rollout
definition: Track and record any issues being faced due to rollout. Define methodology of assessment for measuring and monitoring issues.
definition: 跟踪并记录上线过程中出现的问题；制定问题评估方法论，用于衡量与监控问题发生情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5.7
preferred label: 监控并记录上线问题 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess change requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Change Enablement
broader: Change Enablement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Change Enablement'.
definition: ITIL实践‘变更启用’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.6.1
preferred label: 评估变更请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Authorize changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Change Enablement
broader: Change Enablement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Change Enablement'.
definition: ITIL实践‘变更启用’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.6.2
preferred label: 授权变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Coordinate change implementation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Change Enablement
broader: Change Enablement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Change Enablement'.
definition: ITIL实践‘变更启用’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.6.3
preferred label: 协调变更实施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review post-implementation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Change Enablement
broader: Change Enablement
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Change Enablement'.
definition: ITIL实践‘变更启用’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.6.4
preferred label: 开展实施后评审 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan releases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Release Management
broader: Release Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Release Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘发布管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.7.1
preferred label: 规划发布 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Build and test release packages
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Release Management
broader: Release Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Release Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘发布管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.7.2
preferred label: 构建与测试发布包 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Deploy releases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Release Management
broader: Release Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Release Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘发布管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.7.3
preferred label: 部署发布 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review release outcomes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Release Management
broader: Release Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Release Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘发布管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.7.4
preferred label: 评审发布结果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan test strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Validation and Testing
broader: Service Validation and Testing
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Validation and Testing'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务验证与测试’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.8.1
preferred label: 规划测试策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute service tests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Validation and Testing
broader: Service Validation and Testing
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Validation and Testing'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务验证与测试’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.8.2
preferred label: 执行服务测试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Validate service requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Validation and Testing
broader: Service Validation and Testing
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Validation and Testing'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务验证与测试’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.8.3
preferred label: 验证服务需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain configuration items
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Configuration Management
broader: Service Configuration Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Configuration Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务配置管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.9.1
preferred label: 维护配置项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Control configuration changes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Configuration Management
broader: Service Configuration Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Configuration Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务配置管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.9.2
preferred label: 管控配置变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Verify configuration accuracy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Configuration Management
broader: Service Configuration Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Configuration Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践‘服务配置管理’中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.9.3
preferred label: 校验配置准确性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess business objectives and IT service delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.1.1
broader: Define and establish service delivery strategy
definition: Assessing the goals and objectives of IT service delivery and how it contributes to the overall business objectives. Align with the business objectives of the organization.
definition: 评估 IT 服务交付的目标与宗旨，及其对整体业务目标的贡献；确保与组织业务目标保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.1.1
preferred label: 评估业务目标与IT服务交付 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT service delivery portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.1.2
broader: Define and establish service delivery strategy
definition: Creating and establishing a repository of IT service delivery offerings.
definition: 构建并维护 IT 服务交付能力目录（服务组合）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.1.2
preferred label: 定义IT服务交付组合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create and maintain IT service delivery model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.1.3
broader: Define and establish service delivery strategy
definition: Design and maintaining an IT service delivery model that defines the processes and procedures needed to deliver the IT services and solutions.
definition: 设计并持续优化 IT 服务交付模型，明确支撑 IT 服务与解决方案交付所需的流程与规程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.1.3
preferred label: 创建并维护IT服务交付模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine IT service delivery locations and activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.1.4
broader: Define and establish service delivery strategy
definition: Determining locations and types of IT services and solutions which need to be delivered.
definition: 确定需交付的 IT 服务与解决方案的部署地点及类型。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.1.4
preferred label: 确定IT服务交付地点与活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT service delivery sourcing strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.1.5
broader: Define and establish service delivery strategy
definition: Defining a strategy for sourcing delivery of IT services and solutions. Examine the pros and cons of various sources that can support the delivery process. Select the most feasible and cost-effective sources.
definition: 制定 IT 服务与解决方案交付的资源获取策略；分析各类交付来源的优劣；选择可行性高、成本效益最优的交付来源。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.1.5
preferred label: 定义IT服务交付外包策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan availability requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Availability Management
broader: Availability Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Availability Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「可用性管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.10.1
preferred label: 规划可用性需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor system availability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Availability Management
broader: Availability Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Availability Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「可用性管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.10.2
preferred label: 监控系统可用性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Optimize availability and resilience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Availability Management
broader: Availability Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Availability Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「可用性管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.10.3
preferred label: 优化可用性与韧性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Forecast capacity demands
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Capacity and Performance Management
broader: Capacity and Performance Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Capacity and Performance Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「容量与性能管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.11.1
preferred label: 预测容量需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor performance baselines
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Capacity and Performance Management
broader: Capacity and Performance Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Capacity and Performance Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「容量与性能管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.11.2
preferred label: 监控性能基线 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan capacity optimization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Capacity and Performance Management
broader: Capacity and Performance Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Capacity and Performance Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「容量与性能管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.11.3
preferred label: 规划容量优化 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define monitoring strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Monitoring and Event Management
broader: Monitoring and Event Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Monitoring and Event Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「监控与事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.12.1
preferred label: 制定监控策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Detect and classify events
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Monitoring and Event Management
broader: Monitoring and Event Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Monitoring and Event Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「监控与事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.12.2
preferred label: 检测与分类事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Correlate and respond to events
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Monitoring and Event Management
broader: Monitoring and Event Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Monitoring and Event Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「监控与事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.12.3
preferred label: 关联分析与响应事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Automate event handling
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Monitoring and Event Management
broader: Monitoring and Event Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Monitoring and Event Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「监控与事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.12.4
preferred label: 自动化事件处理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Detect and log incidents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Incident Management
broader: Incident Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Incident Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.13.1
preferred label: 检测并记录事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Classify and prioritize
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Incident Management
broader: Incident Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Incident Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.13.2
preferred label: 分类与优先级排序 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Investigate and diagnose
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Incident Management
broader: Incident Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Incident Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.13.3
preferred label: 调查与诊断 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Resolve and recover
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Incident Management
broader: Incident Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Incident Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.13.4
preferred label: 解决与恢复 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Close and review incidents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Incident Management
broader: Incident Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Incident Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「事件管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.13.5
preferred label: 关闭并复盘事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Identify and log problems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Problem Management
broader: Problem Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Problem Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「问题管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.14.1
preferred label: 识别并记录问题 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Investigate root causes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Problem Management
broader: Problem Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Problem Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「问题管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.14.2
preferred label: 调查根本原因 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement workarounds
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Problem Management
broader: Problem Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Problem Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「问题管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.14.3
preferred label: 实施临时解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Resolve known errors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Problem Management
broader: Problem Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Problem Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「问题管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.14.4
preferred label: 解决已知错误 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Receive and categorize requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Request Management
broader: Service Request Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Request Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务请求管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.15.1
preferred label: 接收并分类服务请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Fulfill service requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Request Management
broader: Service Request Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Request Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务请求管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.15.2
preferred label: 履行服务请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Track and close requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Request Management
broader: Service Request Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Request Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务请求管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.15.3
preferred label: 跟踪并关闭服务请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage user communications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Desk
broader: Service Desk
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Desk'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务台」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.16.1
preferred label: 管理用户沟通 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Triage and route requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Desk
broader: Service Desk
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Desk'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务台」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.16.2
preferred label: 初步甄别与分派请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide first-contact resolution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Desk
broader: Service Desk
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Desk'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务台」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.16.3
preferred label: 提供首次接触解决 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess business objectives and IT service support delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.2.1
broader: Define and develop service support strategy
definition: Assessing the goals of IT service support delivery and how it aligns to contribute to the overall business objectives.
definition: 评估 IT 支撑服务交付的目标，并确认其与组织整体业务目标的一致性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.2.1
preferred label: 评估业务目标与IT服务支持交付 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT service support portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.2.2
broader: Define and develop service support strategy
definition: Defining different IT support services and solutions such as remote support and cloud support. Include planned IT initiatives and ongoing IT services (such as application support).
definition: 界定各类 IT 支撑服务与解决方案，如远程支持、云支持等；涵盖规划中的 IT 项目及持续运行的 IT 服务（如应用支持）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.2.2
preferred label: 定义IT服务支持组合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create and maintain IT support model
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.2.3
broader: Define and develop service support strategy
definition: Design and maintaining an IT support model that defines the processes and procedures needed to support users of IT services and solutions.
definition: 设计并持续优化 IT 支撑服务模型，明确支撑 IT 服务与解决方案用户所需的流程与规程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.2.3
preferred label: 创建并维护IT支持模型 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop IT support service sourcing strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.2.4
broader: Define and develop service support strategy
definition: Developing a strategy for sourcing resources to support users of IT services and solutions. Establish sources that will make use of e-mail, live support software online, or a tool where users can log a call or incident in order to retrieve IT support.
definition: 制定支撑 IT 服务与解决方案用户的资源获取策略；建立基于电子邮件、在线实时支持软件或用户自助报修（事件登记）工具的支撑渠道。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.2.4
preferred label: 制定IT支持服务外包策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish support service framework
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.2.5
broader: Define and develop service support strategy
definition: Creating an agenda for the rules and regulations of support service that deal with providing support to users of IT services and solutions.
definition: 制定支撑服务的规则与规范，明确面向 IT 服务与解决方案用户的支撑服务要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.2.5
preferred label: 建立支持服务框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide service support tools and technology
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.2.6
broader: Define and develop service support strategy
definition: Providing the tools and techniques to support users of IT services and solutions, and choosing the most appropriate tools and techniques. Evaluate the pros and cons of all the methodologies and tools available. Choose the most efficient and effective methodology.
definition: 提供支撑 IT 服务与解决方案用户的工具与方法，并择优选用；全面评估各类方法与工具的优劣，选择效率与效果俱佳的方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.2.6
preferred label: 提供服务支持工具与技术 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Schedule service delivery resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3.1.1
broader: Plan operational activities for IT service delivery
definition: Scheduling resources to provide service delivery to IT users. Ensure design, development, deployment, and operations are aligned with the business objectives.
definition: 统筹调度资源以保障 IT 用户服务交付；确保设计、开发、部署与运维各环节与业务目标对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3.1.1
preferred label: 调度服务交付资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Maintain/optimize batch job schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3.1.2
broader: Plan operational activities for IT service delivery
definition: Maintaining and scheduling batch jobs to run in the background at a certain date and time.
definition: 维护并调度后台批处理作业，在指定日期与时间自动执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3.1.2
preferred label: 维护/优化批处理作业计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Schedule change/release windows
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3.1.3
broader: Plan operational activities for IT service delivery
definition: Determine the timely change or release of IT services or support. Assign periodic release/change to IT systems or services.
definition: 确定 IT 服务或支撑的变更与发布时效性；对 IT 系统或服务实施周期性变更或发布。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3.1.3
preferred label: 调度变更/发布窗口 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Schedule/optimize backup and archive activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3.1.4
broader: Plan operational activities for IT service delivery
definition: Schedule or optimize backup and archive activities for IT services and solutions. Use a backup system or application and archive operations data for future retrieval.
definition: 规划或优化 IT 服务与解决方案的备份与归档活动；使用备份系统或应用，归档运维数据以备后续调阅。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3.1.4
preferred label: 调度/优化备份与归档活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Balance operational workloads across available infrastructure components
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3.1.5
broader: Plan operational activities for IT service delivery
definition: Balancing workloads of all the processes and services that are provisioned to their internal or external clients, across available components of IT infrastructure. No component should be over or under utilized with the workflow of the IT operations.
definition: 均衡分配面向内部或外部客户的所有流程与服务工作负载，确保 IT 基础设施各组件利用率合理；避免任一组件在 IT 运维工作流中过载或闲置。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3.1.5
preferred label: 在可用基础设施组件间均衡运营工作负载 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Determine specific problem support procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3.1.6
broader: Plan operational activities for IT service delivery
definition: Determining process and procedure to provide support for specific IT service problems.
definition: 制定针对特定 IT 服务问题的支撑流程与规程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3.1.6
preferred label: 确定具体问题支持流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Develop IT service delivery strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.4.1
broader: Develop and manage infrastructure resource planning
definition: Creating a strategy for delivering IT services and solutions. Establish the sourcing strategy. Establish the delivery process procedures and tools. Examine and choose the most effective methodologies and tools.
definition: 制定 IT 服务与解决方案交付策略；确立资源获取策略；明确交付流程、规程及工具；评估并优选高效能的方法与工具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.4.1
preferred label: 制定IT服务交付策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess IT infrastructure business objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.4.2
broader: Develop and manage infrastructure resource planning
definition: Assessing the goals and objectives of IT infrastructure and how it contributes to the overall business objectives.
definition: 评估IT基础设施的目标与目的，及其对整体业务目标的贡献。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.4.2
preferred label: 评估IT基础设施业务目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine ongoing IT infrastructure capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.4.3
broader: Develop and manage infrastructure resource planning
definition: Determining existing IT infrastructure capabilities. Identify the gaps and needs in order to enhance the existing IT infrastructure to meet growth objectives.
definition: 评估现有IT基础设施能力，识别差距与需求，以增强基础设施支撑业务增长目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.4.3
preferred label: 确定IT基础设施持续能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan IT infrastructure change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.4.4
broader: Develop and manage infrastructure resource planning
definition: Identify the gaps and needs of existing IT infrastructure. Plan and develop strategies to upgrade/replace existing IT infrastructure.
definition: 识别现有IT基础设施的差距与需求，规划并制定升级或替换策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.4.4
preferred label: 规划IT基础设施变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan and budget IT license usage volumes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.4.5
broader: Develop and manage infrastructure resource planning
definition: Creating a plan associated with usage volumes of IT licenses. Develop a framework to govern the licensing of an IT services along with identified usage volumes. Determine the amount of investment in IT license usage volumes and how would the license volumes be financed.
definition: 制定IT许可证用量计划；构建IT服务许可证治理框架，并明确用量基准；确定许可证用量所需投资及融资方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.4.5
preferred label: 规划与预算IT许可证使用量 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand IT support demand patterns
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.1
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Evaluate criticality catered by the IT support and expectations to resolve raised or identified issues. Determine the usual requests received for IT support for each area of IT operations. Ensure resolution to every identified or reported issue within specified SLAs.
definition: 评估IT支持所覆盖问题的关键性及问题解决预期；统计各IT运维领域常见支持请求；确保所有已识别或上报问题均在约定SLA内完成解决。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.1
preferred label: 识别IT支持需求模式 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor IT service support performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.10
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Defining methodology and frequency of assessment for measuring and monitoring performance of various processes and activities of IT service support against standard set goals.
definition: 定义IT服务支持各项流程与活动的绩效评估方法与频次，对照既定目标开展测量与监控。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.10
preferred label: 监控IT服务支持绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine required support resource levels, responsibilities, and capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.2
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Determining levels of required support resources along with their responsibilities, and capabilities to resolve IT issues. Evaluate and ensure that support resources are fulfilling their responsibilities n a timely manner.
definition: 确定所需支持资源的层级、职责与问题解决能力；评估并确保支持资源及时履行其职责。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.2
preferred label: 确定所需支持资源水平、职责与能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain service support knowledge repository
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.3
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Create and maintain service support knowledge repository. Store, maintain, access, revise, and use knowledge for IT services. Review knowledge trends and implement knowledge transfer methodologies for competitive advantage.
definition: 建立并维护服务支持知识库；实现知识的存储、维护、访问、修订与复用；分析知识趋势，实施知识转移方法以提升竞争优势。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.3
preferred label: 维护服务支持知识库 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain service support learning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.4
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Maintaining and transfer of knowledge towards service support with the change/upgrade in technology over a stipulated period. Ensure IT staff is well trained and tested on the new learning of service support.
definition: 在技术变更或升级周期内持续开展服务支持知识的维护与转移；确保IT人员接受新知识培训并通过考核。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.4
preferred label: 持续优化服务支持学习机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Communicate service support needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.5
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Conveying service support needs within the organization, with the objective of providing required support services. Define processes and procedures needed to support users of IT services and solutions. Convey these procedures to appropriate governing authority.
definition: 在组织内部传达服务支持需求，以保障所需支持服务交付；定义面向IT服务与解决方案用户的支撑流程及规程，并向相应治理机构报备。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.5
preferred label: 沟通服务支持需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define IT escalation mechanisms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.6
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Determining mechanisms to report for a higher degree of decision making depending on the criticality of IT escalations. Define the processes and procedures needed to follow for IT escalation at different levels. Convey the mechanisms within the organization.
definition: 依据IT升级事件的关键程度，确定高阶决策报告机制；明确定义各级IT升级事件的处理流程与规程，并在组织内宣贯执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.6
preferred label: 定义IT升级响应机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT service support resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.7
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Managing resources required for administration of IT service support. Establish sources that will make use of e-mail, live support software online, or a tool where users can log a call or incident in order to retrieve IT support.
definition: 统筹管理IT服务支持所需的行政资源；建立支持渠道（如电子邮件、在线实时支持软件或用户自助提交工单/事件的工具）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.7
preferred label: 管理IT服务支持资源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Coordinate with external support providers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.8
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Developing a strategy that will make use of multiple resources to coordinate with external support providers in order to make the support services work more smoother.
definition: 制定多资源整合策略，协同外部支持提供商，提升服务支持运行效率与协同性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.8
preferred label: 协调外部支持提供商 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Triage IT service delivery incidents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5.9
broader: Define service support planning
definition: Sorting the incidents of IT service delivery in certain order so that the services could be delivered based on the criticality.
definition: 按关键程度对IT服务交付事件进行分级排序，实现差异化响应与服务交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5.9
preferred label: 分类处置IT服务交付事件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Operate and monitor online systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.1
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Operating and defining methodology of assessment for measuring and monitoring performance of online systems against its expected result.
definition: 运行在线系统，并制定评估方法，对其实际运行结果与预期目标的一致性开展测量与监控。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.1
preferred label: 运行与监控在线系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Run and monitor batch job schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.2
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Operate and monitor the application of scheduling batch jobs to be run in the background at a certain date and time.
definition: 运行并监控批处理作业调度功能，确保其按预定日期与时间后台执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.2
preferred label: 执行与监控批处理作业调度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage service delivery workloads
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.3
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Analyze and manage workload needs in relation to service delivery. Plan resources and mechanism around those workload needs so that services could be delivered smoothly.
definition: 分析并管理服务交付相关的负载需求；围绕负载需求统筹规划资源与响应机制，保障服务平稳交付。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.3
preferred label: 管理服务交付工作负载 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage infrastructure performance and capacity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.4
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Managing the performance and capacity of infrastructure by using key performance indicators to routinely track the performance and capacity levels. Review performance. Evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the infrastructure.
definition: 运用关键绩效指标（KPI）常态化跟踪基础设施性能与容量水平；开展绩效复盘；评估基础设施运行效率与有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.4
preferred label: 管理基础设施性能与容量 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Respond to unplanned operational issues
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.5
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Addressing to an issue in operational activities within the IT function, that occur outside of normal routine or preventative maintenance.
definition: 处置IT职能日常运营及预防性维护之外发生的异常运营问题。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.5
preferred label: 响应非计划性运营问题 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Produce and distribute output media
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.6
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Identify and introduce resources to display output in a viewable form to key decision makers and evaluators.
definition: 识别并引入可视化资源，向关键决策者与评估者呈现可读性输出。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.6
preferred label: 生成与分发输出介质 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor IT infrastructure security
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.7
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Identifying, examining, and recognizing any flaw or breach in security of IT infrastructure. Ensure that protocols and guidelines for individual IT components are being followed and there is no misuse of information and breach of individual or organizational privacy.
definition: 识别、检查并确认IT基础设施存在的安全缺陷或违规行为；确保各IT组件严格遵循既定协议与规范，杜绝信息滥用及个人或组织隐私泄露。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.7
preferred label: 监控IT基础设施安全 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT infrastructure/data recovery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6.8
broader: Develop and manage service delivery operations
definition: Managing resources of IT infrastructure and their recovery capacity. Manage storage, computer hardware, software, and infrastructure resources that can be stored as inventory or provided by the organization as needed. Managing backup/recovery for IT services and solutions. Use a backup system or application.
definition: 管理IT基础设施资源及其灾备恢复能力；统筹管理存储、硬件、软件及基础设施类资产（含库存储备与按需调用）；实施IT服务与解决方案的备份/恢复管理，部署备份系统或应用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6.8
preferred label: 管理IT基础设施/数据恢复 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage infrastructure configuration
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.7.1
broader: Manage infrastructure resource administration
definition: Identifying and tracking individual configuration items, documenting functional capabilities and interdependencies of IT infrastructure. Determining the gaps and needs in order to enhance existing infrastructure configuration.
definition: 识别并追踪各项配置项，记录其功能特性与相互依赖关系；识别现有基础设施配置的差距与需求，推动配置优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.7.1
preferred label: 管理基础设施配置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform infrastructure component maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.7.2
broader: Manage infrastructure resource administration
definition: Evaluating and maintaining all aspects of infrastructure component maintenance. Ensure that all components of an IT infrastructure are functioning properly as per the expectation. Maintenance includes all preventative, routine, and corrective measures.
definition: 评估并维护基础设施各组件的全生命周期运维工作；确保所有IT基础设施组件按预期稳定运行；运维涵盖预防性、例行性及纠正性措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.7.2
preferred label: 执行基础设施组件维护 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Install/configure/upgrade infrastructure components
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.7.3
broader: Manage infrastructure resource administration
definition: Installing/configuring/upgrading all the components required for operational activities within IT infrastructure. Ensure that all components of an IT infrastructure are functioning properly and updated to latest version/technology.
definition: 完成IT基础设施中各组件的安装、配置与升级；确保所有组件正常运行且更新至最新版本/技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.7.3
preferred label: 安装/配置/升级基础设施组件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain IT asset records
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.7.4
broader: Manage infrastructure resource administration
definition: Maintaining the complete list of IT items or resources available with the organization with the details on date of purchase, licenses, deployment and SLAs.
definition: 维护组织全部IT资产清单，详细记录采购日期、许可证信息、部署状态及SLA条款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.7.4
preferred label: 维护IT资产记录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Administer IT licenses/user agreements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.7.5
broader: Manage infrastructure resource administration
definition: Administering and overseeing the terms and policies associated with licensing the IT intellectual property. Create and manage the policies and terms governing the possible granting of a license to any external agent. Demarcate a clear framework that governs the licensing of any patents or copyrights held by the organization.
definition: 管理IT知识产权许可相关条款与政策；制定并管理向外部主体授予许可的政策与条款；明确界定组织持有的专利权、著作权等知识产权许可治理框架。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.7.5
preferred label: 管理IT许可证与用户协议 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide IT infrastructure service and capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.7.6
broader: Manage infrastructure resource administration
definition: Providing all the infrastructure services and capabilities required for operational activities within the IT function supporting overall business objectives.
definition: 提供支撑IT职能日常运营所需的全部基础设施服务与能力，服务整体业务目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.7.6
preferred label: 提供IT基础设施服务与能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Triage IT issues/requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.8.1
broader: Operate IT user support
definition: Evaluate and assign IT issues/requests accordingly to allow for the correct routing of IT issues to the relevant support teams.
definition: 评估并合理分派IT问题/请求，确保准确路由至对应支持团队。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.8.1
preferred label: 分类处置IT问题/请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide IT resolution capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.8.2
broader: Operate IT user support
definition: Providing the necessary skills and competencies required to efficiently provide IT resolution through the support structure.
definition: 为支持体系高效提供IT问题解决方案，配备必要的技能与胜任力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.8.2
preferred label: 提供IT问题解决能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT user requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.8.3
broader: Operate IT user support
definition: Creating an effective plan and structure to address and resolve requests of IT users. Determine, record, and monitor user requests. Obtain information about the effectiveness and performance of the user request handling process from the IT users through various means.
definition: 构建高效的问题/请求响应与解决机制；受理、记录并监控用户请求；通过多种方式收集IT用户反馈，评估用户请求处理流程的有效性与绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.8.3
preferred label: 管理IT用户请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Escalate IT requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.8.4
broader: Operate IT user support
definition: Follow processes and procedures to escalate IT requests to required levels for resolution or effective decision making when necessary.
definition: 按既定流程与规程，在必要时将IT请求逐级升级至相应层级，以推动问题解决或支撑有效决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.8.4
preferred label: 升级IT请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Resolve IT issues/requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.8.5
broader: Operate IT user support
definition: Creating a structure to resolve issues/requests of IT services using different mechanisms.
definition: 构建多元化机制，支撑IT服务问题/请求的分类响应与闭环解决。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.8.5
preferred label: 解决IT问题/请求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute IT continuity and recovery action
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.8.6
broader: Operate IT user support
definition: Successfully implement preventive measures to manage IT risk of exposure to internal and external threats. Integrating the disciplines of Emergency Response, Crisis Management, Disaster Recovery (technology continuity) and Business Continuity for IT.
definition: 有效落实预防性措施，管控IT面临内外部威胁的风险暴露；整合应急响应、危机管理、灾难恢复（技术连续性）与IT业务连续性管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.8.6
preferred label: 执行IT连续性与恢复行动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define service level agreements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Level Management
broader: Service Level Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Level Management'.
definition: ITIL实践‘服务级别管理’中的具体活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.9.1
preferred label: 定义服务级别协议（SLA） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor service levels
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Level Management
broader: Service Level Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Level Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务级别管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.9.2
preferred label: 监控服务水平 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report on service performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Level Management
broader: Service Level Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Level Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务级别管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.9.3
preferred label: 报告服务绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review and improve SLAs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Level Management
broader: Service Level Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Service Level Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「服务级别管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.9.4
preferred label: 评审与改进服务等级协议（SLA） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Track IT asset lifecycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:IT Asset Management
broader: IT Asset Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'IT Asset Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「IT 资产管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.8.1
preferred label: 跟踪 IT 资产生命周期 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage software licenses
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:IT Asset Management
broader: IT Asset Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'IT Asset Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「IT 资产管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.8.2
preferred label: 管理软件许可证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Optimize asset utilization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:IT Asset Management
broader: IT Asset Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'IT Asset Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「IT 资产管理」中的活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.8.3
preferred label: 优化资产利用率 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage cloud infrastructure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Infrastructure and Platform Management
broader: Infrastructure and Platform Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Infrastructure and Platform Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「基础设施与平台管理」中的活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.9.1
preferred label: 管理云基础设施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage on-premises platforms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Infrastructure and Platform Management
broader: Infrastructure and Platform Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Infrastructure and Platform Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「基础设施与平台管理」中的活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.9.2
preferred label: 管理本地平台 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Optimize infrastructure costs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Infrastructure and Platform Management
broader: Infrastructure and Platform Management
definition: Activity within ITIL practice 'Infrastructure and Platform Management'.
definition: ITIL 实践「基础设施与平台管理」中的活动 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.9.3
preferred label: 优化基础设施成本 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage financial resources strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.1
broader: Perform planning and management accounting
definition: Ensuring the effective allocation, utilization, and sustainability of financial assets. Activities include analyzing internal and external financial drivers; identifying long-term funding needs; evaluating investment, capital, and liquidity requirements; and defining guiding financial principles that support enterprise objectives.
definition: 确保财务资源的有效配置、高效利用与可持续性。活动包括分析内外部财务驱动因素；识别长期资金需求；评估投资、资本与流动性要求；制定支撑企业目标的财务指导原则 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.1
preferred label: 制定并管理财务资源战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and maintain budget policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.2.1
broader: Perform planning/budgeting/forecasting
definition: Formulating financial budgetary guidelines and strategies. Develop a framework for rules and regulations regarding budgets. Create a step-by-step process to achieve financial goals.
definition: 制定财务预算指导方针与战略。建立预算相关规章制度框架，并设计分步实施流程以达成财务目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.2.1
preferred label: 制定并维护预算政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare periodic budgets and plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.2.2
broader: Perform planning/budgeting/forecasting
definition: Creating reports on a quarterly or annual basis for fund allocation. Create a financial statement that estimates revenues and expenses over a specific period of time. (Leverage budget methods such as cost-based and zero-based budgeting techniques, in light of the periodic targets outlined during Develop and maintain budget policies and procedures [10771].)
definition: 按季度或年度编制资金分配报告。编制预计特定期间内收入与支出的财务报表。（可采用基于成本的预算法、零基预算法等方法，结合‘制定并维护预算政策与程序’[10771]中设定的周期性目标。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.2.2
preferred label: 编制周期性预算与计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Operationalize and implement plans to achieve budget
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.2.3
broader: Perform planning/budgeting/forecasting
definition: Putting budgeting plans into practical use keeping within designated forecasting parameters.
definition: 在既定预测参数范围内，将预算计划付诸实践。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.2.3
preferred label: 推动计划落地实施以达成预算目标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare periodic financial forecasts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.2.4
broader: Perform planning/budgeting/forecasting
definition: Creating estimates of the projected income and expenses required over a predetermined time frame. Develop the projections of profit and loss statements, balance sheets, and the cash flow forecast.
definition: 在预设时间范围内，预测所需收入与支出金额。编制利润表、资产负债表及现金流量预测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.2.4
preferred label: 编制周期性财务预测 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform variance analysis against forecasts and budgets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.2.5
broader: Perform planning/budgeting/forecasting
definition: Conducting a quantitative analysis between what was forecasted and budgeted and actual financial behavior.
definition: 开展定量分析，比对实际财务表现与预算及预测结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.2.5
preferred label: 开展预算与预测差异分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform inventory accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.3.1
broader: Perform cost accounting and control
definition: Conducting accounting for assets, and finding reasons for changes (depreciation, obsolescence, deterioration, change in customer taste, increased demand, decreased market supply, etc.).
definition: 开展资产会计核算，并分析资产价值变动原因（如折旧、技术淘汰、性能劣化、客户偏好变化、需求上升、市场供给下降等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.3.1
preferred label: 开展存货核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform profit center accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.3.2
broader: Perform cost accounting and control
definition: Determining the revenue, profits, and losses incurred by each unit within the organization that produces profit.
definition: 核算组织内各盈利单元所实现的收入、利润与亏损。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.3.2
preferred label: 开展利润中心核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform cost of sales analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.3.3
broader: Perform cost accounting and control
definition: Studying expenses directly associated with product. Analyze the cost of sales, which is the cost of manufacturing products.
definition: 分析与产品直接相关的费用，重点研究销售成本（即产品制造成本）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.3.3
preferred label: 开展销售成本分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform product costing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.3.4
broader: Perform cost accounting and control
definition: Studying and finding out the relevant cost center for a product by studying every resource used in its making.
definition: 通过分析产品生产全过程所消耗的各项资源，识别其对应的成本中心。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.3.4
preferred label: 开展产品成本核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform variance analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.3.5
broader: Perform cost accounting and control
definition: Discovering the changes between forecasted and actual costing. Analyze actual and planned behavior by reviewing the amount of a variance on a trend line in order to maintain control over a business.
definition: 识别实际成本与预测成本之间的差异。通过趋势线上的偏差量分析，对比实际与计划行为，以维持业务可控性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.3.5
preferred label: 开展差异分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report on profitability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.3.6
broader: Perform cost accounting and control
definition: Making a report about revenues generated by the organization or business unit concerned. This process requires the organization to create a report which shows how business is generating profits. Profits are the part which is left after paying all expenses directly related to the generation of the revenue, such as producing a product, and other expenses related to conducting business activities.
definition: 编制组织或相关业务单元的收入报告。该过程要求组织出具反映盈利来源的报告；利润指扣除所有与收入获取直接相关费用（如产品生产）及其他经营活动相关费用后的剩余部分。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.3.6
preferred label: 编制盈利能力报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine key cost drivers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.4.1
broader: Perform cost management
definition: Defining cost drivers for a particular activity.
definition: 界定特定活动的成本动因。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.4.1
preferred label: 识别关键成本动因 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure cost drivers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.4.2
broader: Perform cost management
definition: Calculating cost drivers.
definition: 测算成本动因。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.4.2
preferred label: 计量成本动因 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Determine critical activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.4.3
broader: Perform cost management
definition: Determine the activities that hinder the progress of finance activities. This requires the organization to determine those business activities carried out by the financial function of the organization and which are indispensable. This undertaking helps the organization triangulate those activities which are essential and where costs cannot be slashed.
definition: 识别阻碍财务职能有效运行的业务活动。组织需厘清财务部门承担的各项业务活动及其必要性，从而甄别出不可削减成本的关键活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.4.3
preferred label: 识别关键业务活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage asset resource deployment and utilization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.4.4
broader: Perform cost management
definition: Distributing or allocating asset resources in different processes for optimal utilization.
definition: 在不同业务流程间合理配置或分配资产资源，实现最优利用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.4.4
preferred label: 管理资产资源配置与使用效率 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess customer and product profitability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5.1
broader: Evaluate and manage financial performance
definition: Studying product demand and targeted customer preferences. Study customers' demands or preferences after deducting the cost of delivering the final product.
definition: 研究产品市场需求及目标客户偏好。在扣除最终产品交付成本后，分析客户实际需求或偏好。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5.1
preferred label: 评估客户与产品盈利能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate new products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5.2
broader: Evaluate and manage financial performance
definition: Checking demand about a specific product by a customer segment. Conduct a detailed study--or research a customer behavior or preference for a product--in order to determine its production and profitability in a specific market.
definition: 针对特定客户群体开展某产品的市场需求调研。深入研究客户行为或产品偏好，以判断其在特定市场的生产可行性与盈利潜力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5.2
preferred label: 评估新产品 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform life cycle costing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5.3
broader: Evaluate and manage financial performance
definition: Determining the cost of delivering an end product at different stages of production. Study the total life cycle of a product/process to determine how much revenue and production cost will be incurred at every stage in order to make strategic decisions.
definition: 测算终端产品在不同生产阶段的交付成本。通过全生命周期分析，量化各阶段预期收入与生产成本，支撑战略决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5.3
preferred label: 开展全生命周期成本核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Optimize customer and product mix
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5.4
broader: Evaluate and manage financial performance
definition: Creating the best fit between a product and the end user. Maximize the customer base by providing different products in the market.
definition: 实现产品与终端用户的最佳匹配。通过提供多样化产品扩大客户基础。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5.4
preferred label: 优化客户与产品组合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Track performance of new-customer and product strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5.5
broader: Evaluate and manage financial performance
definition: Observing the behavior of a new set of customers for different products. Prepare strategies to improve sales and profits.
definition: 观察新客户群对不同产品的行为特征，制定提升销售与利润的策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5.5
preferred label: 跟踪新客户与新产品策略执行成效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare activity-based performance measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5.6
broader: Evaluate and manage financial performance
definition: Evaluating performance based on different sets of activities created by management to measure performance.
definition: 依据管理层设定的多维度绩效活动开展绩效评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5.6
preferred label: 制定基于作业的绩效度量指标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage continuous cost improvement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5.7
broader: Evaluate and manage financial performance
definition: Conducting activities to improve cost distribution regularly. Follow or adopt different ways of reducing costs.
definition: 定期优化成本分摊机制，持续落实各类降本举措。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5.7
preferred label: 推进持续成本改进 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor international rates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.10.1
broader: Manage international funds/consolidation
definition: Forecasting and monitoring changes in foreign currency value or interest rates around the world that play an important role in the organization.
definition: 预测并监控全球范围内影响组织的重要汇率及利率变动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.10.1
preferred label: 监控国际汇率 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.10.2
broader: Manage international funds/consolidation
definition: Managing any transfer of funds in the course of conducting cross-border trades or investments, including conversion across currencies. Find the most suitable alternative for making payments, while saving taxes and avoiding any unwarranted regulation, with the objective of protecting capital.
definition: 管理跨境贸易或投资过程中的资金划转，含币种兑换；在保障资本安全前提下，选择最优支付方案，兼顾节税与规避不必要监管。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.10.2
preferred label: 管理跨境交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Monitor currency exposure/hedge currency
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.10.3
broader: Manage international funds/consolidation
definition: Assessing exposure to potential financial losses as a result of changes in the value of currencies. Forecast the impact of movements in foreign currency values. Enter into financial transactions designed to offset or limit potential exposure to loss.
definition: 评估汇率波动可能导致的潜在财务损失敞口；预测外汇价值变动影响；开展金融交易以对冲或限制损失风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.10.3
preferred label: 监控汇率风险／实施外汇对冲 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Report results
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.10.4
broader: Manage international funds/consolidation
definition: Documenting and reporting accounting entries to formally report financial gains or losses experienced as a result of foreign exchange activity.
definition: 就外汇交易产生的财务损益，规范记账并正式报告会计分录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.10.4
preferred label: 报告相关结果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Screen sanctioned party list
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.1
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Evaluating the approved list of parties for engaging in international trade in order to ensure the safety of the organization's business transactions. Examine agents that have been granted legal rights to engage in global trade and their credentials.
definition: 审核经批准的国际贸易合作方清单，确保组织商业交易安全；核查获授权开展全球贸易的代理机构资质及法律授权文件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.1
preferred label: 筛查受制裁方名单 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Prepare letter of credit
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.10
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Creating a document assuring that a seller will receive payment when certain delivery conditions are met. (If the buyer is unable to make payment on the purchase, a bank covers the outstanding amount.)
definition: 开立信用证，确保卖方在满足约定交货条件后获得付款（若买方无法付款，由银行承担未付金额）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.10
preferred label: 开立信用证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Control exports and imports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.2
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Overseeing and directing the flow of trade to/from the organization in order to ensure financial gains.
definition: 统筹监管组织进出口贸易流向，确保实现财务收益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.2
preferred label: 管控进出口业务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Classify products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.3
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Systematically categorizing products/services for their suitability to international trade. Create classes and categories for demarcating the types of products suitable for international trade. Study requisite national and international standards and the adherence of the organization's portfolio of offerings to these.
definition: 系统化分类产品和服务，评估其国际适贸性；建立类别体系界定适贸产品类型；研究相关国家及国际标准，评估组织产品组合的合规性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.3
preferred label: 开展产品归类 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform currency conversion
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.4
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Identifying current exchange rates between two currencies and converting the foreign currency to that of the local monetary unit. I.E., yen to US dollar.
definition: 识别两种货币间的现行汇率，并将外币折算为本币（如日元兑美元）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.4
preferred label: 执行货币兑换 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Calculate duty
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.5
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Computing the excise duty to be paid during international trade.
definition: 核算国际贸易中应缴纳的消费税。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.5
preferred label: 计算关税 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Communicate with customs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.6
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Communicating with the customs department to ensure fluid compliance. Share pertinent information mandated by law with the government agency that controls and collects the duties levied for the international exchange of products/services.
definition: 对接海关部门，确保顺畅合规；依法向主管政府机构共享关税征管所必需的信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.6
preferred label: 对接海关部门 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Document trade
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.7
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Documenting and recording the trade processes while making transactions, noting the description, quality, number, transportation medium, indemnity, and inspection.
definition: 在交易过程中完整记录贸易流程，注明货物描述、质量、数量、运输方式、保险及检验情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.7
preferred label: 归档贸易单证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Process trade preferences
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.8
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Preparing global trade under preference, which allows the organization to import/export products at a lower or nil rate of customs duty and/or levy charge.
definition: 办理优惠贸易安排下的全球贸易，使组织可享受较低或零税率的进口/出口关税及附加费。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.8
preferred label: 办理贸易优惠手续 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Handle restitution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11.9
broader: Perform global trade services
definition: Administering and overseeing all restitution activities the organization may be subjected to. Manage compliance with apposite legal frameworks. Make any restitution that may be required by law; comply with authorities over any fines or non-financial measures imposed.
definition: 统筹管理组织可能面临的各类追偿活动；确保符合适用法律框架；依法履行赔偿义务，配合主管部门落实罚款或其他非金钱处罚措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11.9
preferred label: 处理退税事宜 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Establish credit policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1.1
broader: Process customer credit
definition: Creating guidelines for providing advances. Set up credit standards, credit terms, and collection policies.
definition: 制定预付款发放指南，明确信用标准、信用条款及催收政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1.1
preferred label: 制定信用政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze/Approve new account applications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1.2
broader: Process customer credit
definition: Checking and accepting new requests based on eligibility criteria. Analyze the status of applicants and requirements to be met for a new account.
definition: 依据准入条件审核并受理新申请。分析申请人资质及新开户所需满足的各项要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1.2
preferred label: 审核／批准新账户申请 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze credit scoring history
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1.3
broader: Process customer credit
definition: Reviewing past credit scores to determine the if a line of credit will be extended to potential customers. This could also include extending additional credit to existing accounts.
definition: 查阅历史信用评分，决定是否向潜在客户授予授信额度；亦包括向现有账户追加授信。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1.3
preferred label: 分析信用评分历史 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Forecast credit scoring requirement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1.4
broader: Process customer credit
definition: Planning credit score requirements based on established credit policies.
definition: 依据既定信用政策，规划信用评分准入要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1.4
preferred label: 预测信用评分需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review existing accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1.5
broader: Process customer credit
definition: Evaluating existing account holders and their past performance. Regularly review existing accounts to get the required information about the status at present.
definition: 评估现有账户持有人的历史履约表现。定期复审存量账户，及时掌握当前状态信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1.5
preferred label: 复核现有账户 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Produce credit/collection reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1.6
broader: Process customer credit
definition: Preparing account payable reports about payments to be made according to accounting rules and principles, and providing the reports to management.
definition: 按会计准则与原则编制应付账款报告，并提交管理层。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1.6
preferred label: 生成信用／催收报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Reinstate or suspend accounts based on credit policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1.7
broader: Process customer credit
definition: Closing or restarting accounts according to changes made in credit policies.
definition: 根据信用政策调整情况，执行账户关闭或重启操作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1.7
preferred label: 依据信用政策恢复或暂停账户 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain customer/product master files
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.2.1
broader: Invoice customer
definition: Creating and updating a record of customers and the products being purchased by them in a database. This process element requires the organization to maintain a database of customers and their purchases. Such a master-file can be used to ensure customer touch point, enhance customer satisfaction, explore cross selling opportunities, and identify future trends. This database will include several particulars about the personal details of the organization's customers and a tracking of the products being sold.
definition: 在数据库中创建并更新客户及其采购产品的记录。组织需维护客户及采购信息主数据，用于保障客户触点、提升满意度、挖掘交叉销售机会及识别未来趋势；该数据库应包含客户个人信息及所购产品追踪信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.2.1
preferred label: 维护客户／产品主数据文件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Generate customer billing data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.2.2
broader: Invoice customer
definition: Preparing detailed reports about products purchased by customers. Record and generate a detail account of transactions made by customers fat a particular time and location. Include all details about products such as price, quantity, and name.
definition: 编制客户采购产品明细报告。按特定时间与地点，记录并生成客户交易明细账，涵盖产品名称、价格、数量等全部要素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.2.2
preferred label: 生成客户计费数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Transmit billing data to customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.2.3
broader: Invoice customer
definition: Providing information to customers about purchases made by them. Communicate the details of purchases. Provide customers with a copy of details for their reference.
definition: 向客户提供其采购信息。主动告知采购详情，并向客户交付含完整信息的副本供其留存参考。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.2.3
preferred label: 向客户传输计费数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Post receivable entries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.2.4
broader: Invoice customer
definition: Registering transactions and their scheduled payments.
definition: 登记交易及其约定付款安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.2.4
preferred label: 登记应收账款分录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Resolve customer billing inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.2.5
broader: Invoice customer
definition: Checking and solving billing queries raised by customers.
definition: 处理客户提出的账单查询并予以解决。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.2.5
preferred label: 处理客户账单查询 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish AR policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.3.1
broader: Process accounts receivable (AR)
definition: Creating rules and regulations to be followed in case of credit sales to customers. Create rules and procedures to follow at the time of sale (e.g., the allowable number of installments).
definition: 制定信用销售给客户的规则与制度，明确销售时应遵循的规程（如允许的分期付款期数）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.3.1
preferred label: 制定应收账款政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Receive/Deposit customer payments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.3.2
broader: Process accounts receivable (AR)
definition: Collecting cash from customers. Deposit it into bank account. Make entries into the books of accounts.
definition: 向客户收取现金，并存入银行账户；在会计账簿中进行相应记账。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.3.2
preferred label: 接收并存入客户付款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Apply cash remittances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.3.3
broader: Process accounts receivable (AR)
definition: Checking and moving funds between countries for business activities, typically through authorized remittance agents.
definition: 核查并划转用于商业活动的跨境资金，通常通过授权汇款代理机构执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.3.3
preferred label: 核销现金回款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare AR reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.3.4
broader: Process accounts receivable (AR)
definition: Preparing reports that detail balances due or what to collect from customers at a certain point in time.
definition: 编制应收账款余额报告，列明某一时点应向客户收取的款项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.3.4
preferred label: 编制应收账款报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Post AR activity to the general ledger
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.3.5
broader: Process accounts receivable (AR)
definition: Preparing the general ledger for account receivables from journals. Place all journal entries related to accounts receivables in the general ledger accounts of a business.
definition: 根据日记账编制应收账款总分类账，将所有与应收账款相关的日记账分录归集至企业总账账户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.3.5
preferred label: 将应收账款业务记入总账 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish policies for delinquent accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4.1
broader: Manage and process collections
definition: Creating a process to follow in case of a failed payment by account holders. Create rules and regulations for the account holder who has failed to make at least the minimum monthly payment by the due date.
definition: 建立账户持有人付款失败时的应对流程，制定针对未按期足额支付最低月还款额的账户持有人的规则与制度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4.1
preferred label: 制定逾期账户管理政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze delinquent account balances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4.2
broader: Manage and process collections
definition: Examining balance statements of accountholders who failed to make required payments. Study or review the account details of customers' past payments when preparing negotiations policies.
definition: 审核未履行付款义务的账户持有人对账单；在制定催收谈判策略时，分析或复核客户历史付款记录及账户详情。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4.2
preferred label: 分析逾期账户余额 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Correspond/Negotiate with delinquent accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4.3
broader: Manage and process collections
definition: Determine ways for customers in default to repay debts (e.g., allowing more time or discounts).
definition: 制定违约客户的债务清偿方案（如延长还款期限、提供折扣等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4.3
preferred label: 与逾期账户客户沟通或协商 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Discuss account resolution with internal parties
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4.4
broader: Manage and process collections
definition: Determining rules for handling accounts. Discuss and plan with internal parties (department heads, managers, and senior management) about rules to follow in coming months.
definition: 制定账户管理规则，并与内部相关方（部门负责人、经理及高级管理层）就未来数月拟执行的规则开展讨论与规划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4.4
preferred label: 与内部相关部门讨论账户解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process adjustments/write off balances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4.5
broader: Manage and process collections
definition: Maintaining reserves for write-offs and adjustments. Adjust or write off certain expenses and losses.
definition: 计提坏账准备及调整准备金，对特定费用和损失进行调整或核销。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4.5
preferred label: 处理账务调整或坏账核销 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform recovery workout
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4.6
broader: Manage and process collections
definition: Renegotiating the terms of a loan agreement in order to recoup money from a default account.
definition: 重新协商贷款协议条款，以从违约账户中回收资金。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4.6
preferred label: 开展债务重组与回收工作 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage default accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4.7
broader: Manage and process collections
definition: Managing accounts that have not met the requirements agreed upon to pay off outstanding debts.
definition: 管理未按约定条件清偿逾期债务的账户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4.7
preferred label: 管理违约账户 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish policies/procedures for adjustments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.5.1
broader: Manage and process adjustments/deductions
definition: Creating guidelines to follow in case of adjustments to business processes.
definition: 制定业务流程调整所应遵循的指导方针。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.5.1
preferred label: 制定账务调整政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze adjustments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.5.2
broader: Manage and process adjustments/deductions
definition: Checking changes made in accounts during the year. Examine the alterations made in final accounts to rectify errors/omissions.
definition: 核查年度内各账户变动情况；审查决算报表中的修改内容，以更正差错或遗漏。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.5.2
preferred label: 分析账务调整事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Correspond/Negotiate with customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.5.3
broader: Manage and process adjustments/deductions
definition: Providing suitable offers to customers. Present different offers (e.g., discounts) available for customers or buyers.
definition: 向客户提供适配的优惠方案，例如面向客户或买方的不同折扣政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.5.3
preferred label: 与客户沟通或协商调整事宜 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Discuss resolution with internal parties
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.5.4
broader: Manage and process adjustments/deductions
definition: Discussing and planning with internal parties (department heads, managers, and senior management) about rules to follow in coming months.
definition: 与内部相关方（部门负责人、经理及高级管理层）就未来数月拟执行的规则开展讨论与规划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.5.4
preferred label: 与内部相关部门讨论调整解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare chargeback invoices
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.5.5
broader: Manage and process adjustments/deductions
definition: Creating a mechanism for consumer protection in case of a higher price charged. When a supplier sells a product at a higher price to the distributor than the price they have set with the end user, submit a chargeback to the supplier to recover the money lost in the transaction.
definition: 建立消费者价格保护机制：当供应商向分销商销售产品价格高于其与终端用户约定价格时，向供应商发起退单（chargeback）以追回交易损失。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.5.5
preferred label: 开具拒付（chargeback）发票 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process related entries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.5.6
broader: Manage and process adjustments/deductions
definition: Recording business transactions as they occur in order to provide a balanced accounts for financial reporting.
definition: 实时记录各项经营交易，确保财务报告所依据的账务平衡。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.5.6
preferred label: 处理相关会计分录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

AI-Powered Fraud Detection
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Perform revenue accounting
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Powered Fraud Detection.
definition: AI时代活动：人工智能（AI）驱动的欺诈检测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.6
preferred label: 人工智能（AI）驱动的欺诈检测 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Negotiate service-level agreements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.1.1
broader: Manage financial policies and procedures
definition: Agreeing upon terms and conditions. Negotiate an agreement between two or more parties, the customer and service providers. Specify scope, quality, and responsibilities.
definition: 协商并确定合同条款与条件，即客户与服务提供商之间就服务范围、质量标准及各方责任达成一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.1.1
preferred label: 协商服务级别协议（SLA） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish accounting policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.1.2
broader: Manage financial policies and procedures
definition: Establishing policies and procedures to prepare financial statements, including methods, measurement systems, and procedures for providing disclosures.
definition: 制定财务报表编制政策与程序，涵盖计量方法、核算体系及信息披露规范。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.1.2
preferred label: 制定会计政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Publish accounting policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.1.3
broader: Manage financial policies and procedures
definition: Creating a written copy of agreed-upon procedures for preparing financial statements, and making them available to the public.
definition: 形成书面化的财务报表编制约定程序，并向公众公开。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.1.3
preferred label: 发布会计政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Set and enforce approval limits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.1.4
broader: Manage financial policies and procedures
definition: Implementing parameters for accounting. Apply set conditions for any approval process.
definition: 设定会计参数，对各类审批流程应用既定条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.1.4
preferred label: 设定并执行审批权限限额 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish common financial systems
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.1.5
broader: Manage financial policies and procedures
definition: Establishing processes and procedures to exercise financial control and accountability. Record, verify, and report transactions that affect revenues, expenditures, assets, and liabilities.
definition: 建立财务管控与问责机制，对影响收入、支出、资产及负债的交易进行记录、验证与报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.1.5
preferred label: 建立统一财务系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain chart of accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.1
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Preparing trial balance account from general ledgers. List all accounts used in the general ledger. Alter accounts according to business requirements.
definition: 根据总分类账编制试算平衡表，列示总账中使用的所有账户，并依业务需求调整账户设置。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.1
preferred label: 维护会计科目表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process journal entries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.2
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Making ledger and trial balance accounts from journal entries. This process requires the organization to record every transaction into accounts done by business. It is a base documents for preparing final accounts of company.
definition: 依据日记账分录登记明细账与试算平衡表；该过程要求企业将每一笔交易完整记入对应账户，是编制公司决算报表的基础性文档。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.2
preferred label: 处理记账凭证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process allocations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.3
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Allocating funds across functions. Apportion funds in line with the budgets created. Formalize allocations in centralized internal records.
definition: 按职能分配资金，严格依照预算方案执行资金划拨，并在集中式内部记录中正式固化分配结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.3
preferred label: 处理费用分摊 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process period end adjustments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.4
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Updating journal entries to adjust the balance of income and expenses at the end of an accounting period.
definition: 于会计期末更新日记账分录，调整收入与费用账户余额。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.4
preferred label: 处理期末调整事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Post and reconcile intercompany transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.5
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Checking accounts separately for a parent and subsidiary company. Manage relationship between a parent company and subsidiaries. Document intercompany transactions in separate financial statements.
definition: 分别核算母公司与子公司账务，统筹管理母子公司关系，并在独立财务报表中单独列示内部往来交易。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.5
preferred label: 记录并核对关联交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Reconcile general ledger accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.6
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Reviewing general ledger accounts for a parent and subsidiaries companies. Validate the integrity of account balances on the company's general ledger of accounts. Review and compare general ledger accounts balances with source documents to ensure that balances match.
definition: 复核母公司及子公司总分类账账户，验证公司总账账户余额的完整性；比对总账余额与原始凭证，确保账实相符。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.6
preferred label: 核对总账科目余额 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform consolidations and process eliminations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.7
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Aggregating different processes in the business. Eliminate discontinued processes.
definition: 整合企业内各项业务流程，淘汰已终止运行的流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.7
preferred label: 执行合并报表及抵销处理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare trial balance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.8
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Balancing debit and credit balances of trial balance to preparing final accounts. Calculate the total debits and credits in company's accounts. Correspond the sum of all debits with the sum of all credits. Adjust entries as appropriate.
definition: 平衡试算平衡表中的借方与贷方总额，以编制最终财务报表；汇总公司全部账户的借方与贷方发生额，确保借贷合计相等，并视情调整分录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.8
preferred label: 编制试算平衡表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare and post management adjustments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2.9
broader: Perform general accounting
definition: Accounting for changes due to country-level policy changes. Record adjustments made by management in the accounts.
definition: 核算因国家层面政策调整引发的会计变动，如实记录管理层在账务中作出的相关调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2.9
preferred label: 编制并过账管理调整分录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish fixed-asset policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.1
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Creating rules for fixed assets market valuation. Make rules and regulations for fixed assets regarding depreciation, provisions, resale, usage, etc.
definition: 制定固定资产市场估值规则。明确固定资产在折旧、准备金、再出售、使用等方面的规章制度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.1
preferred label: 制定固定资产政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain fixed-asset master data files
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.2
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Keeping reports up-to-date regarding fixed assets. Create a fixed assets database detailing price, life cycle, depreciation rate, resale value, installation information, usage information, etc.
definition: 持续更新固定资产台账。建立固定资产数据库，详列采购价格、生命周期、折旧率、残值、安装信息、使用信息等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.2
preferred label: 维护固定资产主数据文件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and record fixed-asset additions and retires
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.3
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Keeping a summary of sales and purchases of assets. Record any expenses made for new assets purchased and sales of any old assets during the fiscal year.
definition: 汇总资产购销情况。记录财年内新增资产采购支出及旧资产处置收入。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.3
preferred label: 处理并记录固定资产新增与报废 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and record fixed-asset adjustments, enhancements, revaluations, and transfers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.4
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Keeping a summary of expenses for installing and modifying assets. Record any expenses made for new assets purchased, any expenses incurred on improvements, the valuation of assets to reach current market price, and any transfer assets from one location to another during the fiscal year.
definition: 汇总资产安装与改造费用。记录财年内新增资产采购支出、改良支出、为达到当前市价而进行的资产重估支出，以及资产跨地点调拨相关支出。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.4
preferred label: 处理并记录固定资产调整、改良、重估及调拨 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and record fixed-asset maintenance and repair expenses
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.5
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Maintaining a record of expenses necessitated for repairs and the preservation of assets. Administer and oversee the maintenance and repair of any fixed assets. Record all related transactions.
definition: 记录资产维修与保全必要支出。统筹管理并监督固定资产的维护与修理工作，完整登记相关交易。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.5
preferred label: 处理并记录固定资产维修与保养费用 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Calculate and record depreciation expense
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.6
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Carrying out accounting for depreciation over fixed assets. Compute the sums necessitated. Maintain a record of the cost value of fixed assets over their useful life in the book of accounts.
definition: 开展固定资产折旧会计处理。计算应计提折旧金额，并在账簿中持续记录固定资产在其使用寿命内的账面价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.6
preferred label: 计算并记录折旧费用 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Reconcile fixed-asset ledger
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.7
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Balancing the ledger account balance for fixed assets. Correct errors in the books of fixed assets. Provide correct information in relevant accounts.
definition: 核对并平衡固定资产总账余额。更正固定资产账簿中的差错，确保相关科目信息准确无误。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.7
preferred label: 核对固定资产明细账 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Track fixed-assets including physical inventory
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.8
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Checking and updating the record of all raw materials and fixed assets. Track all fixes asset. Maintain a record of all inventory items.
definition: 定期核查并更新原材料与固定资产台账。全面追踪所有固定资产，维护完整的存货明细记录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.8
preferred label: 跟踪固定资产（含实物盘点） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide fixed-asset data to support tax, statutory, and regulatory reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3.9
broader: Perform fixed-asset accounting
definition: Showing market value and related expenses on fixed assets data for taxation. Provide complete information recorded in the books of fixed assets about purchase price, depreciation, installation charges, resale market value etc. for tax and regulatory purposes.
definition: 按税务要求列示固定资产市场价值及相关费用。向税务及监管机构提供固定资产账簿中记载的完整信息，包括采购价格、折旧额、安装费用、市场再出售价值等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3.9
preferred label: 提供固定资产数据以支持税务、法定及监管报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare business unit financial statements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.1
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Making reports of subsidiaries units to show profits generated from them. Prepare financial statements (balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements and statements of shareholders' equity) for a single unit of a business.
definition: 编制下属单位财务报告以反映其盈利贡献。为单个业务单元编制财务报表（含资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表及股东权益变动表）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.1
preferred label: 编制业务单元财务报表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare consolidated financial statements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.2
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Making final accounts for all units of company together. Prepare combined financial statements of a parent company and its subsidiaries (i.e., separate legal entities controlled by a parent company) showing assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses, and cash flows.
definition: 合并编制公司全部单位的最终财务报表。编制母公司及其子公司（受母公司控制的独立法人实体）的合并财务报表，全面反映资产、负债、权益、收入、费用及现金流量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.2
preferred label: 编制合并财务报表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform business unit reporting/review management reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.3
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Making reports for units/subsidiaries to help management in decision making. Prepare financial statements (balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements, and statements of shareholders' equity) for a single unit of a business. Break down profits and losses by function/unit, clients, products, and region.
definition: 编制分单位/子公司财务报告以支持管理层决策。为单个业务单元编制财务报表（含资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表及股东权益变动表），并按职能/单位、客户、产品及区域维度分解盈亏情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.3
preferred label: 开展业务单元报告／审阅管理报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform consolidated reporting/review of cost management reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.4
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Making reports for all units to help higher management in decision making. Prepare combined financial statements of a parent company and its all subsidiaries (separate legal entities controlled by a parent company) showing assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows, and also going through periodic reports which shows the actual and estimated costs and their variances.
definition: 编制全部单位财务报告以支持高层管理决策。编制母公司及其全部子公司的合并财务报表（含资产、负债、权益、收入、费用及现金流量），并结合周期性报告分析实际成本与预算成本及其差异。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.4
preferred label: 开展合并报告／审阅成本管理报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare statements for board review
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.5
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Preparing a draft of financial statements for the board to review before they are sent to the auditor.
definition: 编制财务报表草案供董事会审阅，待其批准后提交审计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.5
preferred label: 编制供董事会审阅的报表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Produce quarterly/annual filings and shareholder reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.6
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Making and presenting financial reports to stakeholders. Create annual and quarterly financial statements for reporting purposes. Prepare shareholder reports with details of the profit-and-loss account, balance sheet, and past year's business activities.
definition: 编制并向利益相关方呈报财务报告。编制年度及季度财务报表用于对外披露；编制股东报告，详述损益情况、资产负债状况及上年度经营成果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.6
preferred label: 编制季度／年度申报文件及股东报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Produce regulatory reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.7
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Reporting raw or summary data for final accounts following rules and regulations.
definition: 依据法规要求报送原始或汇总数据用于最终财务决算。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.7
preferred label: 编制监管报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform legal and management consolidation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4.8
broader: Perform financial reporting
definition: Carrying out activities associated with legal and management consolidation. Legal consolidation can include currency conversion, balance carry forward, and consolidation of journal entries. Management consolidation can include reporting on financials on a reporting cycle basis to gauge the performance of the organization.
definition: 开展法律与管理层面的合并工作。法律合并包括币种转换、余额结转及记账凭证合并；管理合并包括按报告周期编制财务报告，以评估组织整体绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4.8
preferred label: 开展法律与管理层面的合并 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

AI-Driven Financial Forecasting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Perform general accounting and reporting
definition: AI-era activity: AI-Driven Financial Forecasting.
definition: AI时代活动：人工智能驱动的财务预测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.5
preferred label: AI驱动的财务预测 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop capital investment policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.1.1
broader: Perform capital planning and project approval
definition: Creating procedures and policies to follow for investing in capital projects. Create rules and regulations regarding large investment plans, which require in-depth forecasting for expenditure and revenue.
definition: 制定资本性项目投资的流程与政策。针对需深度收支预测的重大投资计划，制定相应规章制度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.1.1
preferred label: 制定资本投资政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and approve capital expenditure plans and budgets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.1.2
broader: Perform capital planning and project approval
definition: Creating budgets, and soliciting approvals for capital projects. Prepare budgets for projects that require heavy investments. Secure approvals from management.
definition: 编制资本性项目预算并获取审批。为重大投资项目编制预算，并取得管理层批准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.1.2
preferred label: 制定并审批资本支出计划与预算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Review and approve capital projects and fixed-asset acquisitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.1.3
broader: Perform capital planning and project approval
definition: Evaluating and supporting capital investments in projects and fixed assets. Confirm details of capital projects. Secure approvals from managements for large investments.
definition: 评估并支持资本性项目及固定资产投资。核实资本性项目细节，就重大投资事项取得管理层批准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.1.3
preferred label: 审阅并批准资本项目及固定资产购置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Conduct financial justification for project approval
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.1.4
broader: Perform capital planning and project approval
definition: Reviewing all project business cases in order to substantiate projected financial gains. Validate any project's business case. Juxtapose the benefits derived from moving a project forward against the associated costs.
definition: 全面复核各项目商业论证以支撑预期财务收益。验证任一项目的商业论证，权衡项目推进所获收益与对应成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.1.4
preferred label: 开展项目审批所需的财务可行性分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Create project account codes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.2.1
broader: Perform capital project accounting
definition: Giving reference codes for every project.
definition: 为每个项目分配唯一参考编码。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.2.1
preferred label: 创建项目会计科目编码 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Record project-related transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.2.2
broader: Perform capital project accounting
definition: Noting every transaction during a project in a common financial database. Document all transactions associated with any project. Maintain a centralized repository of all such financial data.
definition: 在统一财务数据库中记录项目全过程每一笔交易。归档所有项目相关交易，建立集中化的财务数据存储库。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.2.2
preferred label: 记录项目相关交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor and track capital projects and budget spending
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.2.3
broader: Perform capital project accounting
definition: Evaluating project progress and funds invested. Observe and track significant funds invested on any long-term project. Compare to budget.
definition: 评估项目进展及已投入资金。跟踪重大长期项目的资金投入情况，并与预算进行比对。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.2.3
preferred label: 监控并跟踪资本项目进展及预算执行情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Close/Capitalize projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.2.4
broader: Perform capital project accounting
definition: Checking for returns generated from projects for decision making. Evaluate capital projects that require heavy investments. Decide whether to proceed based on the revenues generated.
definition: 基于项目收益开展决策分析。评估需重大投资的资本性项目，依据预期收入决定是否继续推进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.2.4
preferred label: 结项／资本化项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure financial returns on completed capital projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.2.5
broader: Perform capital project accounting
definition: Comparing a finished project's profitability with forecasted returns. Scrutinize revenues generated by completed projects that required heavy investments. Determine profitability.
definition: 对比完工项目实际盈利与预测收益。审阅需重大投资的完工项目所产生收入，判定其盈利能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.2.5
preferred label: 评估已完成资本项目的财务回报 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.1.1
broader: Report time
definition: Developing policies and procedures for the HR function to calculate compensation.
definition: 制定人力资源部门薪酬核算的政策与流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.1.1
preferred label: 制定相关政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Collect and record employee time worked
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.1.2
broader: Report time
definition: Tracking billing hours of each employee on daily basis.
definition: 按日跟踪每位员工的计费工时。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.1.2
preferred label: 收集并记录员工实际工作工时 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze and report paid and unpaid leave
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.1.3
broader: Report time
definition: Tracking leaves allowed and taken by employees.
definition: 跟踪员工享有的及已使用的各类假期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.1.3
preferred label: 分析并报告带薪与无薪休假情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor regular, overtime, and other hours
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.1.4
broader: Report time
definition: Observing the number of hours worked by an employees on daily basis. Track the number of hours worked by an employee, as well as the number of hours worked beyond normal working hour's according to company standards.
definition: 按日统计员工实际工作时长。记录员工每日工作小时数，以及依据公司标准超出正常工作时间的加班时长。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.1.4
preferred label: 监控正常工时、加班工时及其他工时 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze and report employee utilization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.1.5
broader: Report time
definition: Monitoring the number of productive hours for employees.
definition: 监控员工的有效工作时长。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.1.5
preferred label: 分析并报告员工利用率 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Enter employee time worked into payroll system
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.1
broader: Manage pay
definition: Tracking the number of hours worked for the payroll system. Register the number of hours worked by an employee into the payroll system for the purpose of calculating salaries or wages.
definition: 记录员工工时并录入薪酬系统，用于薪资或工资计算。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.1
preferred label: 录入员工工时至薪酬系统 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain and administer employee earnings information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.2
broader: Manage pay
definition: Tracking and oversee salary breakups of employees. This process requires the organization to manage and update information pertaining to the structure of every employee's salary. This would involve the updating any changes to the salary structures of the employees, in a central repository which can be accessed by pertinent departments.
definition: 跟踪与监督员工薪资构成。该流程要求组织在中央存储库中统一管理并更新每位员工的薪资结构信息，并支持相关部门访问和及时更新变动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.2
preferred label: 维护与管理员工薪酬信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain and administer applicable deductions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.3
broader: Manage pay
definition: Processing salary deductions for tax purposes. Keep and manage the details of every employee's salary deductions based on their expenses and investments during the year.
definition: 处理基于员工年度支出与投资情况的个税扣缴。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.3
preferred label: 维护与管理适用的扣款项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor changes in tax status of employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.4
broader: Manage pay
definition: Tracking changes in the salary structure of employees for tax deductions.
definition: 跟踪员工薪资结构变动，以支持个税扣缴调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.4
preferred label: 监控员工税务状态变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and distribute payments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.5
broader: Manage pay
definition: Processing and distributing salaries to all employees. Execute the payroll management function through the dispensation of employee salaries. Leverage a centralized database of all payroll expenses.
definition: 执行全员薪资发放。通过集中式薪酬数据库开展薪酬管理职能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.5
preferred label: 处理并发放薪酬款项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and distribute manual checks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.6
broader: Manage pay
definition: Handling incorrect/omitted salary payments.
definition: 处理错发或漏发薪资事项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.6
preferred label: 处理并发放手工支票 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process period-end adjustments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.7
broader: Manage pay
definition: Adjusting salary deductions for tax purposes at the end of the year.
definition: 于财年末调整个税扣缴金额。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.7
preferred label: 处理期末调整事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Respond to employee payroll inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2.8
broader: Manage pay
definition: Addressing salary-related queries raised by employees.
definition: 响应员工提出的薪资相关咨询。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2.8
preferred label: 响应员工薪酬相关咨询 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop tax plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.3.1
broader: Manage and process payroll taxes
definition: Devising a method to minimize payroll tax liability by means of allowances, deductions, exclusions or exemptions.
definition: 制定津贴、扣除项、排除项或免税项等策略，以优化薪酬税务负担。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.3.1
preferred label: 制定税务筹划方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage tax plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.3.2
broader: Manage and process payroll taxes
definition: Overseeing maintaining the reduction of payroll taxes [14075].
definition: 监督并落实薪酬税负降低措施［14075］。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.3.2
preferred label: 管理税务筹划方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Calculate and pay applicable payroll taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.3.3
broader: Manage and process payroll taxes
definition: Paying tax according to appropriate deductions made from salaries. Calculate and pay the tax liabilities according to the salaries and tax regulations of employees with the help of certified chartered accountants.
definition: 依据薪资及税收法规，核算并缴纳员工个税负债，由注册会计师提供专业支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.3.3
preferred label: 核算并缴纳适用的薪酬税 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Produce and distribute employee annual tax statements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.3.4
broader: Manage and process payroll taxes
definition: Providing tax deductions statements created by certified chartered accountants to every employee for their reference or refunds.
definition: 向每位员工提供由注册会计师出具的个税扣缴明细单，供其查阅或办理退税。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.3.4
preferred label: 编制并发放员工年度税务报表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

File regulatory payroll tax forms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.3.5
broader: Manage and process payroll taxes
definition: Filling taxes, and highlighting different sources of income and expenditures made.
definition: 完成纳税申报，列明各项收入来源及支出明细。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.3.5
preferred label: 申报监管要求的薪酬税表单 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Verify AP pay file with purchase order vendor master file
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.1
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Matching records of bills to be paid with accounts. Check accounts payable entries with vendor's account for every payment made.
definition: 核对拟付款账单与应付账款明细。逐笔验证付款记录与供应商账户的一致性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.1
preferred label: 核对应付账款付款文件与采购订单及供应商主数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Retain records
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.10
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Keeping bills of every transaction for future reference.
definition: 归档每笔交易的原始账单，以备后续查证。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.10
preferred label: 归档保存相关记录 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Adjust accounting records
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.11
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Rectifying for alterations occurred in accounts while recording.
definition: 修正账务记录过程中发生的账目变更。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.11
preferred label: 调整会计账目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain/Manage electronic commerce
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.2
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Tracking all online transactions.
definition: 跟踪全部线上交易记录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.2
preferred label: 维护与管理电子商贸 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Audit invoices and key data in AP system
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.3
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Monitoring and evaluating bills registered in accounts books. Check all invoices. Maintain records.
definition: 监控与审核账簿中登记的各类账单。全面核查发票并留存完整记录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.3
preferred label: 审核发票及应付账款系统中的关键数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Approve payments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.4
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Processing payments for products/services.
definition: 处理商品或服务采购付款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.4
preferred label: 审批付款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process financial accruals and reversals
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.5
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Handling transactions for accruals and reversals. Record transactions in the books of accounts on an accrual basis (irrespective of the actual cash flow) and reversals basis (cancel out the adjusting entries) for balancing accounts.
definition: 处理权责发生制下的应计与冲销事项。按权责发生制（不以实际现金流为依据）及冲销制（抵消调整分录）记账，确保账务平衡。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.5
preferred label: 处理财务应计与冲销事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process payables taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.6
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Filing the amount of taxes that a company owes as of the balance sheet date. Prepare tax returns, including the income tax filing for an individual or business entity from earnings.
definition: 按资产负债表日确认企业应缴税额并完成纳税申报，包括个人或企业实体的所得税申报。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.6
preferred label: 处理应付账款相关税费 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Research/Resolve payable exceptions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.7
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Resolving any atypical or inconsistent situation concerning payments to be made by the organization. Address any exceptional case of accounts payable on an ad hoc basis, by seeking counsel or carrying out any necessary research.
definition: 处置异常或不一致的应付账款事项。针对应付账款中的特殊情形，采取临时性应对措施，包括征询专业意见或开展必要调研。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.7
preferred label: 调查与解决应付账款异常事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process payments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.8
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Making payments for products/services on due dates (payment cycle) decided by parties involved.
definition: 按合同约定或双方协商确定的付款周期（到期日）支付商品或服务款项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.8
preferred label: 执行付款操作 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Respond to AP inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1.9
broader: Process accounts payable (AP)
definition: Clarifying or address queries relating to the particulars of AP such as date, discounts, amount, and installments. Coordinate with concerned parties about the fulfillment of bills payable.
definition: 解答或处理关于应付账款明细（如日期、折扣、金额、分期安排等）的咨询，协同相关方推进应付账款履约。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1.9
preferred label: 响应应付账款相关咨询 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish and communicate expense reimbursement policies and approval limits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.2.1
broader: Process expense reimbursements
definition: Explaining policies and procedures related to reimbursements requests by employees. Set policies regarding reimbursement process and amount limits etc. Inform employees.
definition: 宣贯员工费用报销相关政策与流程，明确报销标准、限额等规定并及时传达。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.2.1
preferred label: 制定并宣贯费用报销政策及审批限额 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Capture and report relevant tax data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.2.2
broader: Process expense reimbursements
definition: Collecting and reporting all pertinent information regarding the taxes paid by the organization's employees.
definition: 汇总并报送组织员工所缴纳的各项税费信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.2.2
preferred label: 采集并报送相关税务数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Approve reimbursements and advances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.2.3
broader: Process expense reimbursements
definition: Permitting expense reimbursement requests from employees.
definition: 受理员工提交的费用报销申请。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.2.3
preferred label: 审批费用报销及预支款项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process reimbursements and advances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.2.4
broader: Process expense reimbursements
definition: Paying for expense reimbursement requests from employees. (Follow Approve reimbursements and advances [10882] according to policies and conditions.)
definition: 向员工支付经批准的费用报销款项（须遵循［10882］《报销及预支审批》政策与条件）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.2.4
preferred label: 处理费用报销及预支款项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage personnel accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.2.5
broader: Process expense reimbursements
definition: Maintaining accounts of individuals who are connected with business.
definition: 维护与企业经营活动相关的个人账户信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.2.5
preferred label: 管理员工个人往来账户 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish corporate credit card policies and approval limits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.3.1
broader: Manage corporate credit cards
definition: Developing procedures for using company credit cards. Set or approve credit limits.
definition: 制定公司信用卡使用规范，设定或审批信用额度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.3.1
preferred label: 制定企业信用卡政策及审批限额 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process corporate credit card requests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.3.2
broader: Manage corporate credit cards
definition: Handling applications credit card applications for business expenses.
definition: 受理企业用途信用卡申请。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.3.2
preferred label: 受理企业信用卡申请 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Order corporate credit cards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.3.3
broader: Manage corporate credit cards
definition: Obtaining credit cards for business-related expenses.
definition: 申领用于公务支出的信用卡。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.3.3
preferred label: 订购企业信用卡 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage corporate credit card accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.3.4
broader: Manage corporate credit cards
definition: Handling credit card accounts of business customers.
definition: 管理企业客户的信用卡账户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.3.4
preferred label: 管理企业信用卡账户 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Approve/Change credit limits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.3.5
broader: Manage corporate credit cards
definition: Authorizing changes to the available credit advances.
definition: 审批可用信用额度的调整申请。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.3.5
preferred label: 审批或调整信用额度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Cancel/Deactivate credit card
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.3.6
broader: Manage corporate credit cards
definition: Blocking an existing credit card to disable all future transactions.
definition: 冻结现有信用卡，终止所有后续交易。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.3.6
preferred label: 注销或停用信用卡 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish scope and governance of treasury operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.1
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Selecting opportunities and the authoritative body for investments in trading in bonds, currencies, financial derivatives, etc.
definition: 遴选债券、外汇、金融衍生品等交易投资机会，并明确投资决策授权主体。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.1
preferred label: 界定资金运营范围与治理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish and publish treasury policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.2
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Creating and providing investment regulations for the organization. Establish policies and procedures for investments to optimize liquidity in treasury operations. Create a written copy of it.
definition: 为组织制定并发布投资管理规定；建立优化司库流动性所需的投资政策与流程，并形成书面文件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.2
preferred label: 制定并发布资金政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop treasury procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.3
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Making processes for investing. Create steps for investments in bonds, currencies, and financial derivatives in order to optimize company's liquidity, invest excess cash, and reduce its financial risks.
definition: 设计并实施投资流程；明确债券、外汇及金融衍生品投资的操作步骤，以优化公司流动性、投资闲置资金并降低财务风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.3
preferred label: 制定资金操作流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor treasury procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.4
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Checking treasury processes in order to optimize company's liquidity, invest excess cash, and reduce its financial risks.
definition: 审查司库流程，以优化公司流动性、投资闲置资金并降低财务风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.4
preferred label: 监控资金操作流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Audit treasury procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.5
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Auditing the treasury function.
definition: 对司库职能开展审计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.5
preferred label: 审计资金操作流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Revise treasury procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.6
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Reassessing all treasury procedures based on audit findings.
definition: 依据审计结果，全面复审并更新所有司库流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.6
preferred label: 修订资金操作流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop and confirm internal controls for treasury
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.7
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Creating and managing the internal control systems for investments in bonds, currencies, and financial derivatives to verify procedures.
definition: 建立并管理针对债券、外汇及金融衍生品投资的内部控制体系，以验证相关流程执行的有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.7
preferred label: 设计并确认资金内控机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define treasury security requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1.8
broader: Manage treasury policies and procedures
definition: Describing the need of treasury security requirements for controlling access, reliability of information, accountability, and availability of information in the organization.
definition: 明确司库安全要求，涵盖访问控制、信息可靠性、责任可追溯性及信息可用性等方面。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1.8
preferred label: 明确资金安全要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage and reconcile cash positions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.1
broader: Manage cash
definition: Correcting cash differences in the books of accounts. Make optimum utilization of funds available in the business. Check for differences to rectify.
definition: 核对账簿中现金差异并及时调整；最大化利用企业可用资金；定期核查差异并予以纠正。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.1
preferred label: 管理与核对现金头寸 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage cash equivalents
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.2
broader: Manage cash
definition: Taking care of all cash-related activities in the business. Utilize short-term assets that can be easily convertible into cash, such as marketable securities, commercial paper and short-term government bonds, and treasury bills.
definition: 统筹管理企业全部现金相关活动；运用可快速变现的短期资产，如上市证券、商业票据、短期国债及国库券。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.2
preferred label: 管理现金等价物 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and oversee electronic fund transfers (EFTs)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.3
broader: Manage cash
definition: Supervising all online transactions.
definition: 监督全部线上资金交易。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.3
preferred label: 处理与监督电子资金转账（EFT） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop cash flow forecasts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.4
broader: Manage cash
definition: Preparing forecasts for the cash generated or used by the organization.
definition: 编制组织经营活动产生的或使用的现金流预测。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.4
preferred label: 编制现金流量预测 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage cash flows
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.5
broader: Manage cash
definition: Delaying the outflow of funds as long as possible, but encourage the inflow of as fast as possible.
definition: 在合规前提下尽可能延缓资金流出，同时加速资金流入。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.5
preferred label: 管理现金流 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Produce cash management accounting transactions and reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.6
broader: Manage cash
definition: Presenting reports on all cash-related activities. Collect and manage short-term investing activities. Prepare reports of all transactions done.
definition: 汇总并呈报全部现金相关活动报告；归集与管理短期投资活动；编制全部交易明细报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.6
preferred label: 生成资金管理会计分录及报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage and oversee banking relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.7
broader: Manage cash
definition: Maintaining and directing the course of relationships with banking partners.
definition: 维护并主导与银行合作伙伴的关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.7
preferred label: 管理与监督银行合作关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze, negotiate, resolve, and confirm bank fees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2.8
broader: Manage cash
definition: Studying and finalizing bank fees for services provided by banks. Negotiate and finalize nominal fees that bank charges for various services, such as requesting a deposit slip or counter check or certifying papers.
definition: 研究、协商并最终确定银行所提供服务的各项收费；就存款单、柜台支票、文件认证等具体服务，谈判并锁定合理费率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2.8
preferred label: 分析、协商、解决并确认银行费用 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage in-house bank accounts for subsidiaries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3.1
broader: Manage in-house bank accounts
definition: Maintaining subsidiaries' company accounts opened with bank inside the corporation. Manage different financial services provided by in-house bank structure for parent companies' subsidiaries or branches.
definition: 维护子公司在集团内部银行开立的账户；向母公司下属子公司或分支机构提供内部银行架构所支持的各类金融服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3.1
preferred label: 为子公司管理内部银行账户 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage and facilitate inter-company borrowing transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3.2
broader: Manage in-house bank accounts
definition: Arranging loans for subsidiaries from in-house banks.
definition: 安排内部银行向子公司提供贷款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3.2
preferred label: 管理并促进关联公司间借贷交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage centralized outgoing payments on behalf of subsidiaries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3.3
broader: Manage in-house bank accounts
definition: Handling payments made for subsidiaries by parent company.
definition: 处理母公司代子公司对外支付的款项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3.3
preferred label: 代表子公司集中处理对外付款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage central incoming payments on behalf of subsidiaries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3.4
broader: Manage in-house bank accounts
definition: Handling payments received by parent company for subsidiaries.
definition: 处理母公司代子公司收取的款项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3.4
preferred label: 代表子公司集中处理收款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage internal payments and netting transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3.5
broader: Manage in-house bank accounts
definition: Taking care of all business outflows and recording as whole. Manage making all payments for the organization and its units or subsidiaries. Track in books of accounts of parent company.
definition: 统筹管理企业全部资金支出并统一记账；负责组织及其下属单位或子公司的全部付款事务，并在母公司账簿中完整记录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3.5
preferred label: 管理内部付款及净额结算交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Calculate interest and fees for in-house bank accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3.6
broader: Manage in-house bank accounts
definition: Computing all expenses paid to and receivables collected over the organization's banking activity. Calculate all charges and receivables, towards interest, fees, and any other payments over its own bank accounts. Record transactions in the books of accounts.
definition: 核算集团银行业务产生的全部费用支出与应收款项，包括利息、手续费及其他账户相关收支，并在账簿中准确记账。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3.6
preferred label: 核算内部银行账户的利息与费用 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Provide account statements for in-house bank accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3.7
broader: Manage in-house bank accounts
definition: Facilitating account statements for all in-house banking activity.
definition: 为全部内部银行业务生成并提供账户对账单。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3.7
preferred label: 出具内部银行账户对账单 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish investment policy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.1
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Developing and instituting principles that the organization ill use in making investments.
definition: 制定并推行组织投资决策所遵循的基本原则。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.1
preferred label: 制定投资政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage financial intermediary relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.2
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Maintaining smooth relations with financial investment banks that help availing loans and services.
definition: 持续维护与投资银行等金融机构的良好合作关系，以高效获取贷款及相关服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.2
preferred label: 管理金融中介机构关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage liquidity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.3
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Managing and maintaining enough liquidity in form of cash and cash equivalents in the business to meet urgent and timely requirements
definition: 确保企业持有充足现金及现金等价物，以满足紧急及日常资金需求，维持必要流动性水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.3
preferred label: 管理流动性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage issuer exposure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.4
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Managing the exposure incurred by the issuer for providing credit to the borrower.
definition: 管理发行人因向借款人提供信贷而产生的信用风险敞口。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.4
preferred label: 管理发行人风险敞口 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and oversee debt and investment transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.5
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Tracking loans taken and money invested in different options. Arrange and supervise loans from banks and individuals and investments in different available and profitable options.
definition: 跟踪已获取贷款及各类投资情况；统筹安排并监督来自银行及个人的贷款，以及面向各类高收益可行渠道的投资。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.5
preferred label: 处理与监督债务及投资交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and oversee foreign currency transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.6
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Arranging and supervising foreign exchange rate changes to avoid loss on foreign-currency transactions.
definition: 统筹安排并监控汇率变动，规避外币交易可能产生的汇兑损失。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.6
preferred label: 处理与监督外汇交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Produce debt and investment accounting transaction reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.7
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Creating transactions report of loans and investments. Prepare and maintain records of loans and investment transactions.
definition: 编制贷款与投资交易报告；建立并持续维护贷款及投资交易台账。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.7
preferred label: 生成债务与投资会计交易报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Process and oversee interest rate transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4.8
broader: Manage debt and investment
definition: Supervising the interest paid or received by the organization. Arrange and supervise interest rate swap transactions to manage exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. Or attain a marginally lower rate of interest than could be gained through a swap.
definition: 监督组织应付及应收利息；统筹安排并执行利率互换交易，以对冲利率波动风险；或通过互换获取略优于直接融资的利率水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4.8
preferred label: 处理与监督利率相关交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop risk management/hedging strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.1
broader: Monitor and execute risk and hedging transactions
definition: Taking an investment position to offset exposure to certain risks. This may include purchasing opposite of the organization's position in the marketplace, using derivatives transactions, or futures contracts.
definition: 采取反向投资头寸以对冲特定风险敞口，包括在市场中建立与组织现有头寸相反的仓位，或运用衍生工具、期货合约等开展对冲操作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.1
preferred label: 制定风险管理/套期保值策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage interest rate market data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.2.1
broader: Manage interest rate risk
definition: Collecting and storing data that pertains to interest rate markets.
definition: 采集并存储与利率市场相关的数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.2.1
preferred label: 管理利率市场数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Determine interest rate exposure for all markets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.2.2
broader: Manage interest rate risk
definition: Identifying potential interest rate risks for all markets.
definition: 识别所有市场的潜在利率风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.2.2
preferred label: 评估各市场的利率风险敞口 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Determine interest rate hedge requirements in accordance with risk policy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.2.3
broader: Manage interest rate risk
definition: Deciding the requirements on interest rate investments that are made by trading in futures or options market, on the basis of the accepted risk policy.
definition: 依据已批准的风险政策，确定通过期货或期权市场开展利率投资所需满足的要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.2.3
preferred label: 依据风险政策确定利率对冲需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Execute interest rate trades
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.2.4
broader: Manage interest rate risk
definition: Performing trading on interest rates.
definition: 执行利率交易。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.2.4
preferred label: 执行利率交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Manage foreign exchange market data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.3.1
broader: Manage foreign exchange risk
definition: Handling and processing information about changes in foreign exchange rates.
definition: 处理和分析汇率变动相关信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.3.1
preferred label: 管理外汇市场数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Determine foreign exchange exposure for all currencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.3.2
broader: Manage foreign exchange risk
definition: Establishing potential foreign exchange risks for all currencies.
definition: 识别所有币种的潜在外汇风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.3.2
preferred label: 评估各币种的外汇风险敞口 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Determine foreign exchange hedge requirements in accordance with risk policy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.3.3
broader: Manage foreign exchange risk
definition: Deciding the requirements on investments in foreign exchange made by trading in futures or options market, on the basis of current risk policy.
definition: 依据现行风险政策，确定通过期货或期权市场开展外汇投资所需满足的要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.3.3
preferred label: 依据风险政策确定外汇对冲需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Execute foreign exchange trades
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.3.4
broader: Manage foreign exchange risk
definition: Executing all aspects for foreign exchange trade within foreign exchange market. This includes buying, selling, and exchanging currencies at the current or expressed price point.
definition: 在外汇市场内执行全部外汇交易操作，包括按即期或约定汇率进行货币买卖与兑换。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.3.4
preferred label: 执行外汇交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Manage foreign exchange balance sheet risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.3.5
broader: Manage foreign exchange risk
definition: Overseeing the foreign exchange balance sheet with an eye towards potential risk. Risks include changes in conversion rates between the time the transaction occurred and when it is completed, or when transactions are made in a denomination other than that of the organization's base currency.
definition: 监控外汇资产负债表，关注潜在风险；风险包括交易发生至完成期间的汇率变动，或以非组织本位币计价的交易。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.3.5
preferred label: 管理外汇资产负债表风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Determine current customer exposures and limit exceptions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.4.1
broader: Manage exposure risk
definition: Establishing ongoing risks that the customers face, and the exceptions to exceeded limits.
definition: 持续识别客户面临的各类风险及超出限额的异常情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.4.1
preferred label: 识别当前客户风险敞口及限额例外情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Resolve customer exposure limit violations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.4.2
broader: Manage exposure risk
definition: Settling cases that involve violations of customer exposure limit.
definition: 处理客户敞口限额违规事件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.4.2
preferred label: 处理客户风险敞口超限问题 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Manage customer collateral
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.4.3
broader: Manage exposure risk
definition: Handling customer securities to recover loans that are not paid back.
definition: 处置客户质押证券，用于清收未偿还贷款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.4.3
preferred label: 管理客户抵押品 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Perform annual customer credit reviews
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.4.4
broader: Manage exposure risk
definition: Conducting reviews to assess customer credit on a yearly basis. Introduce changes or make recommendations, if needed.
definition: 每年开展客户信用评估审查，必要时提出调整建议或改进措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.4.4
preferred label: 开展年度客户信用评审 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Measure physical positions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.5.1
broader: Execute hedging transactions
definition: Evaluating investments made in some market to offset the risks of investing in a contrary or opposing market.
definition: 评估在某一市场所作投资能否有效对冲在相反或对立市场投资所产生的风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.5.1
preferred label: 计量实物头寸 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Establish hedges
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.5.2
broader: Execute hedging transactions
definition: Determining which hedge options to execute.
definition: 确定拟执行的对冲工具选项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.5.2
preferred label: 建立套期保值头寸 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Unwind hedges
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.5.3
broader: Execute hedging transactions
definition: Closing out a position or cashing in derivatives early.
definition: 提前平仓或提前行权衍生品合约。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.5.3
preferred label: 平仓套期保值头寸 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Evaluate and refine hedging positions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.5.4
broader: Execute hedging transactions
definition: Examining options in the market for hedging investments. Select an option.
definition: 评估市场可用的对冲投资工具并择优选用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.5.4
preferred label: 评估并优化套期保值头寸 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Monitor credit
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.5.5
broader: Execute hedging transactions
definition: Revising credit reports periodically for accurateness and changes that could be suggestive of duplicitous activity.
definition: 定期复核信用报告，确保其准确性，并识别可能暗示欺诈行为的异常变化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.5.5
preferred label: 监控信用风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 5

Produce hedge accounting transactions and reports
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.6
broader: Monitor and execute risk and hedging transactions
definition: Preparing and documenting accounts and records of all hedging investment transactions to reduce risks due to change in markets.
definition: 编制并归档全部对冲投资交易的账目与记录，以降低市场变动引发的风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.6
preferred label: 生成套期会计分录及报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage financial fraud/dispute cases
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.6
broader: Manage treasury operations
definition: Handling cases that involve financial fraud. Resolve disputes.
definition: 处理金融欺诈案件，解决相关争议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.6
preferred label: 管理财务欺诈/争议案件 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Establish board of directors and audit committee
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.1.1
broader: Establish internal controls, policies, and procedures
definition: Establishing board of directors and auditing committee in order to assign roles and responsibilities for internal controls.
definition: 设立董事会及审计委员会，明确内部控制职责分工。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.1.1
preferred label: 设立董事会及审计委员会 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and communicate code of ethics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.1.2
broader: Establish internal controls, policies, and procedures
definition: Outlining and communicating a code of ethics act responsibly.
definition: 制定并宣贯合规、尽责的职业道德规范。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.1.2
preferred label: 制定并宣贯职业道德规范 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assign roles and responsibility for internal controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.1.3
broader: Establish internal controls, policies, and procedures
definition: Defining roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities for effectiveness and proficiency of operations and reliability of financial reporting.
definition: 明确运营效率、效果及财务报告可靠性相关的角色、职责与问责机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.1.3
preferred label: 明确内部控制职责分工 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define business process objectives and risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.1.4
broader: Establish internal controls, policies, and procedures
definition: Outlining the objectives and risks associated with a process. Delineate process goals. Determine the risks attached to it. Determine what the process is meant to accomplish, potential issues, a timeline of potential risks, the scope and potential impact of risks, etc.
definition: 梳理流程对应的目标与风险，界定流程目标，识别关联风险，明确流程预期成效、潜在问题、风险时间线、影响范围及潜在后果等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.1.4
preferred label: 界定业务流程目标与风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define entity/unit risk tolerances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.1.5
broader: Establish internal controls, policies, and procedures
definition: Outlining the risk tolerance levels of individual units, as well as the organization as a whole. Determine the specific maximum risk to take in quantitative terms for each relevant risk subcategory, including strategic, operational, financial, and compliance risks.
definition: 设定各业务单元及组织整体的风险容忍度水平，以量化方式明确战略、运营、财务及合规等各子类风险的最大可接受风险值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.1.5
preferred label: 设定组织/单元风险容忍度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor control effectiveness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.2.1
broader: Operate controls and monitor compliance with internal controls policies and procedures
definition: Overseeing the activities for internal controls. Observe the effectiveness of policies, procedures, techniques, and mechanisms actions taken to minimize risk.
definition: 监督内部控制活动，评估相关政策、程序、技术及控制措施在风险最小化方面的有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.2.1
preferred label: 监控控制有效性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Remediate control deficiencies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.2.2
broader: Operate controls and monitor compliance with internal controls policies and procedures
definition: Taking corrective measures for policies, procedures, techniques, and mechanisms actions taken to minimize risk. (Conduct in accordance with Monitor control effectiveness [10918] in order to determine and rectify the control deficiencies.)
definition: 针对政策、程序、技术及控制措施存在的缺陷采取整改行动（须依据‘监控控制有效性 [10918]’流程识别并纠正控制缺陷）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.2.2
preferred label: 整改控制缺陷 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report to external auditors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.3.1
broader: Report on internal controls compliance
definition: Reporting to external auditors. This process requires the organization to report to external auditors about the regulations for any critical data that the organization is holding.
definition: 向外部审计机构报告，说明组织所持有关键数据适用的相关监管规定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.3.1
preferred label: 向外部审计师报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report to regulators, share-/debt-holders, securities exchanges, etc.
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.3.2
broader: Report on internal controls compliance
definition: Reporting to regulators, shareholders, debt holders, securities exchanges, etc. about IT regulations and pertinent data.
definition: 向监管机构、股东、债权人、证券交易所等报告信息技术（IT）监管要求及相关数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.3.2
preferred label: 向监管机构、股东/债权人、证券交易所等报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report to third parties
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.3.3
broader: Report on internal controls compliance
definition: Reporting to suppliers, customers, and partners that are doing business with the company about IT regulations and pertinent data.
definition: 向供应商、客户及合作伙伴等业务关联方报告信息技术（IT）监管要求及相关数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.3.3
preferred label: 向第三方报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report to internal management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.3.4
broader: Report on internal controls compliance
definition: Reporting to internal management (all employees, directors, and management) about IT regulations and pertinent data.
definition: 向内部管理层（含全体员工、董事及各级管理人员）报告信息技术（IT）监管要求及相关数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.3.4
preferred label: 向内部管理层报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Develop foreign, national, state, and local tax strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.1.1
broader: Develop tax strategy and plan
definition: Developing a tax strategy for foreign, national, state, local administration. Set up tax strategies for foreign trade in imports and exports and at national, state, and local level.
definition: 制定覆盖境外、国家、省（州）、地方层级的税收策略，统筹进出口外贸及国家、省（州）、地方三级税收安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.1.1
preferred label: 制定境外、国家、州（省）及地方税务战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Consolidate and optimize total tax plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.1.2
broader: Develop tax strategy and plan
definition: Combining and enhancing a rational analysis of a financial condition or plan from a tax perspective in order to align financial goals through efficient tax planning.
definition: 从税务视角对财务状况或计划开展理性分析，并加以整合与优化，以通过高效税务规划实现财务目标对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.1.2
preferred label: 整合并优化整体税务规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Maintain tax master data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.1.3
broader: Develop tax strategy and plan
definition: Maintaining a master file about the rational analysis of a financial condition or plan from a tax perspective in order to align financial goals through efficient tax planning.
definition: 建立并维护一份主文件，系统记录从税务视角开展的财务状况或计划理性分析，支撑高效税务规划及财务目标对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.1.3
preferred label: 维护税务主数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Perform tax planning/strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2.1
broader: Process taxes
definition: Creating and implementing strategies for taxes to be paid or collected by the business.
definition: 制定并实施企业应缴或代收税款的战略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2.1
preferred label: 开展税务筹划／制定税务策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare tax returns
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2.2
broader: Process taxes
definition: Preparing and submitting tax reports for every employee to the tax department in order to show the tax paid and deducted from their salaries in the year.
definition: 为全体员工编制并提交年度纳税申报表至税务主管部门，列明当年已缴及工资代扣税款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2.2
preferred label: 编制纳税申报表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Prepare foreign taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2.3
broader: Process taxes
definition: Preparing reports about paid or accrued foreign taxes to an overseas country.
definition: 编制已支付或已计提的境外国家税款报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2.3
preferred label: 编制境外税款申报材料 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Calculate deferred taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2.4
broader: Process taxes
definition: Calculating the income that has been realized when the tax on that income has not.
definition: 核算已实现但尚未计税的收入。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2.4
preferred label: 核算递延税款 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Account for taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2.5
broader: Process taxes
definition: Managing the organization's financial accounts for the purpose of taxation. Prepare and maintain the tax paid by the organization to the country they have business in.
definition: 管理组织财务账目以满足税务要求；编制并持续维护组织在各经营所在国缴纳的税款记录。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2.5
preferred label: 进行税务会计处理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Monitor tax compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2.6
broader: Process taxes
definition: Checking and correcting the tax policies according to the rules and regulations set by the organization.
definition: 依据组织内部规章制度，核查并修订税务政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2.6
preferred label: 监控税务合规性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Address tax inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2.7
broader: Process taxes
definition: Addressing any tax queries by any regulatory or government authorities. Review historical records related to taxation within the organization in order to respond to queries.
definition: 响应监管机构或政府部门提出的任何税务问询；调阅组织内部历史税务资料以支持答复。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2.7
preferred label: 响应税务咨询与问询 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define strategic options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.1
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Defining the various options available to achieve the goals highlighted in the mission statement. Delineate (in accordance with a predefined criteria) the various permutations of strategic decisions that would help the organization achieve the objectives outlined in Develop overall mission statement [10037]. Involve senior management and key strategy personnel, with timely help from professional services providers.
definition: 界定实现使命陈述所列目标的多种可行路径。依据预设标准，系统梳理‘制定总体使命陈述’[10037]中提出目标的各类战略决策组合；由高管层与核心战略人员主导，适时引入专业服务机构支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.1
preferred label: 定义战略选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop mitigation plans for risks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3.3
broader: Manage business unit and function risk
definition: Developing possibilities and arrangements to improve opportunities and reduce deviations to project objectives.
definition: 制定提升机遇、减少对项目目标偏离的备选方案与应对安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3.3
preferred label: 制定风险缓解计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Analyze processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.3.2
broader: Define processes
definition: Assessing and examining the set of activities and tasks that, once completed, will accomplish an organizational goal. Create a business process model that captures how a business process works and how individuals from different groups work together to achieve a business goal.
definition: 评估并分析为达成组织目标所需完成的一整套活动与任务。构建业务流程模型，展现流程运作逻辑及跨部门人员协同实现业务目标的方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.3.2
preferred label: 分析流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure and report process performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.4.3
broader: Manage process performance
definition: Defining and using performance indicators to consider the financial perspective, customer perspective, internal process perspective, and learning perspective of the organization.
definition: 定义并应用绩效指标，涵盖组织的财务视角、客户视角、内部流程视角及学习与成长视角。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.4.3
preferred label: 度量并报告流程绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assign resources to product/service project
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.1
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Allocating resources to the design, development, and evaluation of product/service concepts. Allocate funds, personnel, and time for developing the new and/or revised products/services. Begin to design the potential new product/service concepts that have been prioritized and selected for further development.
definition: 为产品/服务概念的设计、开发与评估配置资源；统筹安排资金、人力与时间，用于新/修订产品/服务的开发；启动已优先筛选并确定进入下一阶段的产品/服务概念设计工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.1
preferred label: 为产品/服务项目配置资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Install and validate production/service delivery process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.3.4
broader: Prepare for production/service delivery
definition: Finalizing production process or methodology. Install and initiate the production process to manufacture the new products, using the equipment and machinery already assembled. In the case of new services, implement delivery processes and methodologies. Validate processes for the accuracy of their operation and proper functioning.
definition: 固化生产流程或方法论。依托已部署的设备与机械，正式启动新产品制造流程；若为新服务，则实施交付流程与方法论；验证流程运行准确性与功能完备性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.3.4
preferred label: 安装并验证生产/服务交付流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify market segments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.2
broader: Perform customer and market intelligence analysis
definition: Identifying a section of the customer population to target for marketing products/services. Create segments within the customer population for targeted marketing campaigns, which increase the efficacy of marketing outlay. Determine the right customer segments, craft effective marketing messages, and efficiently communicate them. Determine the optimal pricing mix. Consider assistance from professional services for market segmentation studies, with coordination and oversight from the marketing/sales functions.
definition: 划定目标客户群体以开展精准营销。在客户群体中划分细分市场，支撑高成效的定向营销活动；精准定位目标客户群、设计有效营销信息并高效触达；确定最优定价组合；可借助专业服务机构开展市场细分研究，并由营销/销售职能统筹协调与监督。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.2
preferred label: 识别细分市场 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Determine target segments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2.2
broader: Evaluate and prioritize market opportunities
definition: Identifying the targeted segment of customers. Deduce those particular customer segments that are to be targeted from among the market segments.
definition: 明确目标客户群体。从整体市场细分中推导出需重点覆盖的具体客户细分。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2.2
preferred label: 确定目标细分市场 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage/Track applicant data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.5.3
broader: Manage applicant information
definition: Keeping track of all the information about the candidates who apply for jobs. Use applicant-tracking systems that can be accessed online as a central location and database for recruitment efforts.
definition: 全程跟踪候选人应聘信息：依托可在线访问的申请人跟踪系统（ATS），打造招聘工作的统一中枢与数据库。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.5.3
preferred label: 管理与追踪应聘者数据 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Relocate employees and manage assignments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.3
broader: Redeploy and retire employees
definition: Managing the relocation of employees in order to carry out assignments. Manage internal business processes to transfer employees, their families, and/or entire departments of a business to a new location.
definition: 为履行工作任务而管理员工异地调动，统筹内部业务流程，实现员工本人、家属及整建制部门的整体迁移。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.3
preferred label: 管理员工异地调动与岗位委派 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Execute IT service/solution creation and testing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4
broader: Develop and manage services/solutions
definition: Understanding customer requirements. Design the IT services and solutions based on the requirements. Develop components for providing the requirements. Train resources to provide support. Test the IT services and solutions in advance. Confirm the customer experience post-sale.
definition: 理解客户需求；基于需求设计IT服务与解决方案；开发满足需求的组件；培训支持人员；提前测试IT服务与解决方案；售后确认客户体验。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4
preferred label: 执行IT服务/解决方案构建与测试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform service/solution maintenance and testing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.5
broader: Develop and manage services/solutions
definition: Engaging in all aspects of service/solution maintenance and testing includes all preventative, routine, and corrective activates. Ensure that IT service/solution are functioning properly and regulations where applicable.
definition: 全面开展服务/解决方案的运维与测试工作，涵盖预防性、例行性及纠正性活动；确保IT服务/解决方案正常运行，并符合相关法规要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.5
preferred label: 开展服务/解决方案维护与测试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Plan and manage service delivery control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Determine and manage service delivery flow across different business functions. Understand the level of services needed by different stakeholders. Identify major service delivery touch points and criticality associated. Ensure timely communication with users.
definition: 统筹跨业务职能的服务交付流程；识别不同干系人的服务需求层级；识别关键服务交付触点及其重要性；确保与用户及时沟通。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3
preferred label: 规划与管理服务交付管控 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Assess and analyze impact of each option
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2.2
broader: Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
definition: Scoping and probing to study the impact of strategic options for fulfilling the organization's objectives. Estimate a measure of the impact effectuated by each set of strategic decisions, which comprise Define strategic options [10047]. Closely examine the consequences of each option.
definition: 界定并探查各项战略选项对组织目标达成的影响范围与深度。量化评估‘界定战略选项’[10047]所涉每组战略决策的实际影响；深入剖析各选项可能引发的连锁后果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2.2
preferred label: 评估各选项的影响 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Design customer experience support structure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.3
broader: Develop customer experience strategy
definition: Creating a roadmap for customer experience support with an overall approach, process flow, and impact timeframe.
definition: 制定客户体验支持路线图，明确总体方法、流程路径与影响周期。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.3
preferred label: 设计客户体验支撑体系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.2
broader: Develop and measure strategic initiatives
definition: Examining projects of strategic significance that lie outside the purview of the organization's routine operations. Closely analyze strategic initiatives for their applicability and feasibility, given the organization's vision.
definition: 审视超出组织日常运营范畴的战略级项目；结合组织愿景，深入分析战略举措的适用性与可行性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.2
preferred label: 评估战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Select strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.3
broader: Develop and measure strategic initiatives
definition: Selecting relevant projects of strategic significance that create opportunities for the organization to realize its long-term objectives, on the basis of their suitability to the organization's constraints and reality. Select from the process Evaluate strategic initiatives [10058], based on their applicability and feasibility for the organization. Enlist senior management, especially strategy personnel.
definition: 依据组织约束条件与现实基础，遴选能创造发展机遇、助力实现长期目标的战略级项目；从“评估战略举措”流程[10058]中，基于适用性与可行性择优选取，并纳入高层管理者（尤其是战略职能人员）参与决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.3
preferred label: 遴选战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Provide workspace and facilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.3
broader: Plan and acquire assets
definition: Managing the provision of the workspace and its assets. Arrange an office space with all assets (tables, chairs, computers, admin staff, etc.) according to requirements.
definition: 统筹提供办公空间及其配套资产；按需配置办公场所及全部资产（含桌椅、计算机、行政人员等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.3
preferred label: 提供办公场所与配套设施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop exit strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.1
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Creating a strategy for managing asset exits.
definition: 制定资产退出策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.1
preferred label: 制定退出策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage relations with board of directors
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.3
broader: Manage External Relationships
definition: Maintaining relations with representatives of the stockholders. Establish corporate management-related policies and to make decisions on major company issues. Implement practices designed to engender communication, trust, and cooperation.
definition: 维系与股东代表的关系；制定公司治理相关政策，并就重大公司事项作出决策；推行旨在促进沟通、信任与协作的实践机制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.3
preferred label: 管理与董事会的关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Ensure compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.4
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Ensuring the organization's compliance position. Validate compliance with different statutes, regulatory directions, and legal principles (using Establish compliance framework and policies [17468]). Coordinate with compliance and risk management personnel.
definition: 确保组织整体合规状态；验证对各项成文法、监管指引及法律原则的遵从情况（参见「建立合规框架与政策 [17468]」）；协同合规与风险管理相关人员开展工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.4
preferred label: 确保合规 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and manage process frameworks
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.2
broader: Manage business processes
definition: Determining and organizing the structural composition of business processes. Design, establish, and administer the framework. Identify any cross-functional processes that are mandatory for achieving business excellence.
definition: 确定并构建业务流程的结构化体系。设计、建立并管理流程框架；识别支撑业务卓越所需的跨职能核心流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.2
preferred label: 定义并管理流程框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage sustainability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Developing and managing sustainability practices for the organization. Ensure proper understanding and communication of ESG standards, requirements, capabilities, and future trends. Promote awareness, alignment, and continuity.
definition: 制定并管理组织可持续发展实践；确保准确理解与有效传达环境、社会与治理（ESG）标准、要求、能力及未来趋势；推动意识提升、目标对齐与持续落地。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10
preferred label: 管理可持续发展 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Perform sustainability reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.2.3
broader: Manage sustainability capability
definition: Conducting and supporting sustainability reporting. Collect, analyze, and report sustainability performance to requirements. Align reporting across functional units and support teams.
definition: 开展并支持可持续发展报告工作；按要求收集、分析与报告可持续发展绩效；确保各职能单元与支持团队报告口径一致、协同对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.2.3
preferred label: 开展可持续发展报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Evaluate performance to requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2
broader: Manage enterprise quality
definition: Analyzing if the performance of the quality plan has achieved the estimated and desired requirements. Conduct tests against the quality plan. Assess the results of these tests.
definition: 分析质量计划执行绩效是否达成预估与预期要求：依据质量计划开展测试，并评估测试结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2
preferred label: 评估绩效符合性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define content systems of record and storage requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.3
broader: Manage Content
definition: Defining requirements for systems of record and storage locations to ensure content is securely stored, retrievable, retained appropriately, and aligned with governance and compliance needs.
definition: 明确权威数据源与存储位置的要求，确保内容安全存储、可检索、合规留存，并契合治理与合规需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.3
preferred label: 界定内容权威系统与存储要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and manage organizational performance strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.1
broader: Measure and benchmark
definition: Creating and implementing a strategy for managing organizational performance. The strategy should include approaches for measuring, tracking, streamlining, and improving internal performance. It encompasses a blueprint for the tactical measurement of internal processes and work force improvement, in alignment with Employee Metrics Developed and Managed [10526].
definition: 制定并管理组织绩效管理策略：涵盖绩效度量、跟踪、精简与改进方法；包括面向内部流程与人力资本提升的战术级度量蓝图，并与「员工指标开发与管理 [10526]」保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.1
preferred label: 定义并管理组织绩效战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Determine environmental health and safety impacts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.1
broader: Manage Environmental Health and Safety (EHS)
definition: Determining the impact of EHS offering--and the procedures it employs to process them--on the environment at large, as well as the health and safety of employees. Evaluate the environmental impact of the organization's products, services, and operations. Conduct health, safety, and environmental audits.
definition: 评估EHS职能及其运作流程对整体环境、员工健康与安全的影响；评估组织产品、服务及运营活动的环境影响；开展健康、安全与环境审计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.1
preferred label: 识别环境、健康与安全影响 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Conduct customer and market research
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1.1
broader: Perform customer and market intelligence analysis
definition: Carrying out research studies to understand the behavior of customers and the realities of the market. Undertake research to understand the market conditions as well as the characteristics, drives, and desires of prospective customers. Gather highly contextualized intelligence through primary and secondary research methods, with the objective of gaining insights over how to best seize a market opportunity. Consider assistance from professional research services.
definition: 开展研究以洞察客户行为与市场实况。通过一手与二手研究方法，全面了解市场环境及潜在客户的特征、动机与诉求；聚焦获取高度情境化的洞察，以指导市场机会的最佳把握路径；可引入专业研究服务机构支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1.1
preferred label: 开展客户与市场调研 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Validate opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2.4
broader: Evaluate and prioritize market opportunities
definition: Confirming the practicability and reasonableness of the market opportunities that have been identified. Give substance to the real-time feasibility of the market opportunities.
definition: 确认已识别市场机会的可行性与合理性，夯实其在现实场景中的落地可行性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2.4
preferred label: 验证市场机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage product marketing material
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.9
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Creating descriptions of products that are promotional and informative in content in order to initiate and increase sales. Marketing content consists of text, and optionally, images.
definition: 创作兼具促销性与信息性的产品描述，以激发并促进销售；营销内容包含文字及可选配图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.9
preferred label: 管理产品营销物料 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage customer master data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2.5
broader: Manage customers and accounts
definition: Managing the corpus of data relating all customers acquired over time. Manage the storage, maintenance, access, revision, and usage of all data on customers. Ensure its security, and determine legitimate use cases that are beneficial to the organization.
definition: 统筹管理全量客户数据资产：规范客户数据的存储、维护、访问、更新与使用；保障数据安全，界定合法、有益于组织发展的数据应用场景。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2.5
preferred label: 管理客户主数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage SC Data and Information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr3
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Data and Information (sOr3).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链数据与信息（sOr3） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.13
preferred label: 管理供应链数据与信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Maintain production records and manage lot traceability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.4
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: Perpetuating the production records by systematically documenting and using it to ensure the effective management of lots. Determine the lot numbering system and its use. (The lot number enables tracking of the constituent parts, as well as labor and equipment records involved in the manufacturing of a product. It enables manufacturers and to perform quality control checks, calculate expiration dates, and issue corrections of their production output.)
definition: 通过系统化记录并应用生产记录，确保批号管理的有效性。确定批号编码规则及其使用方式。（批号用于追溯产品所用的组成部件、人工及设备记录；支持制造商开展质量控制检查、计算有效期，并对生产输出实施整改。） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.4
preferred label: 维护生产记录并管理批次可追溯性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify and schedule resources to meet last mile delivery requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.2
broader: Deliver last mile delivery services
definition: Determining and scheduling the resources required to fulfill customer service requirements. Create a detailed schedule about the service orders and development of these service orders.
definition: 确定并调度满足客户服务需求所需的资源；制定服务工单的详细排程及工单开发计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.2
preferred label: 识别并调度资源以满足末端配送需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Identify, select, and assign resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1.6
broader: Initiate service delivery
definition: Identifying, selecting, and assigning resources required to deliver service to the customer. Ensure that all objectives are established and met, and the all rules of engagement have been identified and communicated.
definition: 识别、遴选并指派服务交付所需资源；确保所有目标已明确并达成，且所有协作规则均已识别并传达。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1.6
preferred label: 识别、遴选与分配资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Process returns
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.4
broader: Plan and manage customer service contacts
definition: Acquiring returns and identify if the returns are scraped or salvaged.
definition: 接收退货并判定其属于报废或可修复状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.4
preferred label: 处理退货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage supplier recovery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.3
broader: Service products after sales
definition: Managing the recovery of costs from suppliers for individual claims.
definition: 就单项索赔向供应商追偿成本。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.3
preferred label: 管理供应商追偿 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Identify and schedule resources to meet service requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.2
broader: Service products
definition: Determining and scheduling the resources required to fulfill customer service requirements. Create a detailed schedule about the service orders and development of these service orders.
definition: 确定并统筹安排满足客户服务需求所需的资源；制定服务工单及其开发工作的详细排期计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.2
preferred label: 识别并调度资源以满足服务需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage employee assistance and retention
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.3
broader: Reward and retain employees
definition: Managing activities centered around delivering programs to support work/life balance for employees; developing family support systems; reviewing retention and motivation indicators; and reviewing compensation plans.
definition: 统筹管理支持员工工作与生活平衡的项目；构建家庭支持体系；复审员工留任与激励指标；检视薪酬方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.3
preferred label: 管理员工援助与留任 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Deliver programs to support work/life balance for employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.3.1
broader: Manage employee assistance and retention
definition: Designing programs that prompt proper balance between work (i.e., career and ambition) and lifestyle (i.e., health, pleasure, leisure, family, and spiritual development/meditation). Account for dependent care, flexible working arrangements, leaves of absence, on-the-job training, etc.
definition: 设计促进职业发展（事业抱负）与生活方式（健康、休闲、家庭、精神成长/冥想）良性平衡的项目，涵盖照护依赖者、弹性工作安排、各类休假、在岗培训等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.3.1
preferred label: 实施支持员工工作与生活平衡的项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Understand IT customer needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.1
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: Assessing the customer communities along with current IT operational capabilities and usage.
definition: 评估客户群体构成，以及当前 IT 运营能力与实际使用情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.1
preferred label: 理解IT客户需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create IT risk mitigation strategies and approaches
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1.10
broader: Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
definition: Developing activities to improve performance opportunities and lessen threats in IT. Evolve strategies and policies to attain organizational objectives.
definition: 开展活动以提升 IT 绩效机会、降低威胁；持续优化策略与政策，支撑组织目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1.10
preferred label: 制定IT风险缓解策略与方法 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage IT user authentication mechanisms
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8.4
broader: Manage IT user identity and authorization
definition: Create and manage the process to authenticate IT users from user directory based on the internal policies.
definition: 依据内部策略，建立并管理基于用户目录的身份认证流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8.4
preferred label: 管理IT用户认证机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and execute business information lifecycle planning and control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.3
broader: Manage information
definition: Develop and implement strategies to plan and manage the flow of an information system's data from creation and initial storage to the time when it becomes obsolete and deleted.
definition: 制定并实施信息生命周期管理策略，统筹信息系统数据从创建、初始存储至过时删除的全过程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.3
preferred label: 定义并执行业务信息生命周期规划与管控 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage fixed-asset project accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Managing accounts for large funds-invested projects. Manage and account for fixed assets projects (capital projects), which required significant capital investments over many years.
definition: 大型资金投入项目的账务管理。管理并核算需多年持续投入大量资本的固定资产项目（即资本性项目）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4
preferred label: 管理固定资产项目会计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Operate controls and monitor compliance with internal controls policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.2
broader: Manage internal controls
definition: Performing planning, management, operations, and monitoring of internal control mechanism policies and procedures in order to manage internal controls.
definition: 规划、管理、执行并监控内部控制机制的政策与程序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.2
preferred label: 运行控制措施并监督内控政策与流程执行情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Estimating the organization's periodic tax liabilities. Ensure that appropriate taxing authorities receive tax return filings and payments when due.
definition: 测算组织周期性税务负债，确保按时向主管税务机关提交纳税申报表并缴纳税款。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9
preferred label: 管理税务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Survey market and determine customer needs and wants
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.2
broader: Define the business concept and long-term vision
definition: Examining the market to identify customer required solutions. Assess the relevant market(s) to determine the products/services that are needed or wanted by customers. Carry out quantitative and qualitative analyses to capture and investigate products/services. Employ creative techniques that allow for a closer appreciation of the customer, and design relevant solutions.
definition: 通过市场调研识别客户所需解决方案；评估相关市场，明确客户所需或期望的产品与服务；开展定量与定性分析，全面捕捉并深入探究产品与服务；运用创意方法深化客户理解，并据此设计适配方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.2
preferred label: 调研市场并确定客户需求与期望 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish strategic vision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.4
broader: Define the business concept and long-term vision
definition: Establishing the organization's long-term vision as a strategic positioning and engagement of stakeholders. Institute the vision by creating strategic orientations of all stakeholders. Understand the strategy development frameworks in this context.
definition: 确立组织长期愿景，作为战略定位与利益相关方协同的基础。通过构建各利益相关方的战略导向机制来落实愿景；理解本语境下的战略制定框架。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.4
preferred label: 确立战略愿景 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Conduct organization restructuring opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5
broader: Define the business concept and long-term vision
definition: Examining the scope and contingencies for restructuring based on market situation and internal realities. Map the market forces over which any and all probabilities can be probed for utility and viability. Once the restructuring options have been analyzed and the due-diligence performed, execute the deal. Consider seeking professional services for assistance in formalizing these opportunities.
definition: 基于市场态势与组织内部现实，研判组织重构的范围与潜在约束条件。系统梳理可被验证可行性与实用性的各类市场力量；在完成重构方案分析与尽职调查后，推进交易落地；必要时可引入专业服务机构协助正式化相关机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5
preferred label: 开展组织重构机会评估 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop overall mission statement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.1
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Establishing an overarching, compact statement that concisely underscores the mission of the organization. Define and communicate a clear and succinct mission statement, which encapsulates how the organization aims to proceed in order to Establish a strategic vision [10020]. Solicit critical inputs from senior management and strategy executives, and collaborate with marketing or personnel from allied functions.
definition: 确立高度凝练、统摄全局的组织使命陈述。定义并传达清晰简明的使命陈述，精准概括组织为实现‘确立战略愿景’[10020]所采取的根本路径；广泛征询高管层与战略负责人意见，并协同营销或相关职能人员共同完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.1
preferred label: 制定总体使命声明 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and set organizational objectives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.6
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Developing overall goals for the organization that help in accomplishing its mission. Formulate organization-wide targets in the near to middle term, which will accumulate and propel the organization to realize its long-term objectives, as outlined in Develop an overall mission statement [10037]. Enlist business unit heads or equivalent personnel, in close collaboration with senior management executives.
definition: 制定支撑组织使命达成的总体目标；设定中短期组织级目标，层层累积、持续推进，最终实现长期战略目标（参见“制定总体使命声明［10037］”）；联合业务单元负责人等关键人员，在高层管理者密切协同下完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.6
preferred label: 制定并设定组织目标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Formulate business unit strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.7
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Charting a strategic course for business units in order to leverage opportunities, sidestep hurdles, and create synergies among each other. Create strategic road maps for the organization's units--in light of their individual resources and requirements, as well as their relationships with other business units--to achieve organizational goals.
definition: 为各业务单元制定战略路径，以把握机遇、规避障碍、强化彼此协同；结合各单元资源禀赋、实际需求及其与其他业务单元的关联，制定单元级战略路线图，支撑组织整体目标实现。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.7
preferred label: 制定业务单元战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Assess customer experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.1
broader: Develop customer experience strategy
definition: Measuring customer feedback in regard to product and services effectiveness based on overall satisfaction. The data to be analyzed is collected through surveys, customer responses, and feedbacks based on the delivered products/services.
definition: 基于整体满意度，衡量客户对产品与服务有效性的反馈；数据来源于客户调查、响应记录及产品/服务交付后的反馈。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.1
preferred label: 评估客户体验 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.1
broader: Develop and measure strategic initiatives
definition: Developing strategic projects that help fulfill long-term goals. Develop time-bound projects that are discretionary in nature and lie beyond the scope of the organization's routine operations.
definition: 策划有助于实现长期目标的战略项目；开发有时限性、非例行性的战略性项目，超出组织日常运营范畴。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.1
preferred label: 制定战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish high-level measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3.4
broader: Develop and measure strategic initiatives
definition: Devising measures to examine strategic projects. Formulate evaluation criteria to assess the strategic initiatives for the level of impact.
definition: 设计战略项目评估机制；制定评价准则，衡量战略举措的实际影响程度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3.4
preferred label: 建立高层级衡量指标 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and maintain business models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4
broader: Develop Vision and Strategy
definition: Establishing how an organization creates, delivers and captures value or makes profit. Identify the products or services that a business will sell, its target market, anticipated expenses, and other core aspects of its modus operandi. Revise the plan as required to reflect changing circumstances.
definition: 明确组织如何创造、交付与获取价值（即盈利模式），包括界定拟销售的产品或服务、目标市场、预期成本及其他核心运营要素；并依实际情况动态修订该模式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4
preferred label: 开发与维护业务模型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Strategy Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Strategy Management
broader: Develop Vision and Strategy
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Strategy Management. Mapped to Develop Vision and Strategy.
definition: ITIL V5实践：战略管理（Strategy Management），映射至“愿景与战略制定”。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.5
preferred label: 战略管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Develop property strategy and long term vision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.1
broader: Plan and acquire assets
definition: Strategizing a long-term vision for managing properties. Prepare strategies and a long-term vision for managing purchased/retained properties.
definition: 制定设施长期管理战略与愿景；编制针对已购或持有物业的管理策略及长期发展规划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.1
preferred label: 制定不动产战略及长期愿景 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage facilities operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.4
broader: Plan and acquire assets
definition: Managing all operational activities of the facility. Manage how each function/business unit works. Support the manufacturing facility to attain organizational goals.
definition: 统筹管理设施全部运营活动。协调各职能/业务单元运作方式，支撑制造设施达成组织目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.4
preferred label: 管理设施运营 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage capital program for assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.1
broader: Design and construct assets
definition: Producing and maintaining a planning schedule and a financial plan to purchase or manufacture assets. Determine the investment plan, monitor capital, and secure the necessary financing in order to realize completion of the program.
definition: 编制资产购置或自建的进度计划与财务计划。确定投资方案，监控资本使用，落实必要融资，保障项目按期完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.1
preferred label: 管理资产资本项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Maintain assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3
broader: Acquire, Construct, and Manage Assets
definition: Preserving assets through the planning, managing, and performance of preventative, routine, and critical maintenance work.
definition: 通过规划、统筹与执行预防性、例行性及关键性维护工作，实现资产全生命周期保值与效能延续。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3
preferred label: 资产维护 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Risk Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Risk Management
broader: Manage enterprise risk
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Risk Management. Mapped to Manage enterprise risk.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：风险管理。映射至企业风险管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.4
preferred label: IT 风险管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2
broader: Manage Enterprise Risk, Compliance, Remediation, and Resiliency
definition: Managing steps to confirm enduring compliance to industry regulations and government legislation.
definition: 管理各项举措，确保持续符合行业监管要求与政府法律法规。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2
preferred label: 管理合规 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage relations with trade or industry groups
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.3
broader: Manage government and industry relationships
definition: Managing relations with organizations established and financed by businesses that operate in a specific industry. Participate in public relations actions such as lobbying and publishing, advertising, education, and political donations.
definition: 管理与由企业设立并资助、专注于特定行业的组织的关系；参与游说、出版、广告、教育及政治捐赠等公共关系活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.3
preferred label: 管理与行业协会或产业团体的关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Supplier Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Supplier Management
broader: Manage External Relationships
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Supplier Management. Mapped to Manage External Relationships.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：供应商管理。对应‘管理外部关系’能力域。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.6
preferred label: 供应商管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage process performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.4
broader: Manage business processes
definition: Evaluating and handling the performance of business processes. Provide training to process owners. Support the execution of business processes. Measure and report the performance of the business processes.
definition: 评估与管控业务流程绩效：为流程负责人提供培训；支持业务流程执行；测量并报告业务流程绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.4
preferred label: 管理流程绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Identify sustainability requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1.1
broader: Develop sustainability capability
definition: Identifying, documenting, and communicating sustainability requirements. Closely examine all standards and matters of compliance relating to ESG. Determine protocols or standards to comply with, set by regulatory agencies or the organizations stakeholders.
definition: 识别、记录并传达可持续发展要求；全面审查与ESG相关的所有标准与合规事项；明确监管机构或组织利益相关方设定的合规协议或标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1.1
preferred label: 识别可持续发展要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage sustainability capability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.2
broader: Manage sustainability
definition: Managing sustainability across the organization. Provide training, support, reporting, and oversight to the distributed sustainability efforts across functional units and support services.
definition: 统筹管理全组织可持续发展工作；为各职能单元及支持服务的分布式可持续发展实践提供培训、支持、报告与监督。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.2
preferred label: 管理可持续发展能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.1
broader: Manage portfolio, program, and project
definition: Managing the business portfolio of the organization, including investments, holdings, products, businesses, and brands. Establish a portfolio strategy. Define portfolio governance. Monitor and control the portfolio.
definition: 管理组织业务组合：涵盖投资、持股、产品、业务单元及品牌；制定组合战略；明确组合治理机制；监控与管控组合整体运行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.1
preferred label: 管理项目组合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Project Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Project Management
broader: Manage portfolio, program, and project
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Project Management. Mapped to Manage portfolio, program, and project.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：项目管理。映射至‘管理投资组合、项目集与项目’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.4
preferred label: 项目管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Test against quality plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.1
broader: Evaluate performance to requirements
definition: Examining the quality of organizational processes. Conduct tests. Collect information and data. Record the results of these tests. Determine the dispositions of the test results.
definition: 检验组织流程质量：开展测试；采集信息与数据；记录测试结果；判定测试结果处置方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.1
preferred label: 依据质量计划开展测试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Sustain improvement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.4
broader: Manage change
definition: Sustaining the impact of the change process in order to enact continual process improvement. Monitor the performance of re-engineered business processes. Identify best practices and potential issues. Effectuate remedial steps.
definition: 持续巩固变革成效，推动流程持续优化；监测再造后业务流程的运行绩效；识别最佳实践与潜在问题；落实整改措施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.4
preferred label: 持续改进成效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Organizational Change Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Organizational Change Management
broader: Manage change
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Organizational Change Management. Mapped to Manage change.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：组织变革管理（Organizational Change Management），对应「管理变更」能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.5
preferred label: 组织变革管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Assess KM capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.2
broader: Develop and manage enterprise-wide knowledge management (KM) capability
definition: Assessing the maturity of the existing initiatives in knowledge management, and evaluating existing KM approaches. Identify the gaps and needs in order to enhance the existing KM approaches. Develop and implement new KM approaches.
definition: 评估现有知识管理举措的成熟度，诊断现行知识管理方法的适用性；识别能力缺口与改进需求；开发并推行新型知识管理方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.2
preferred label: 评估知识管理能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Evolve and sustain KM capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.4
broader: Develop and manage enterprise-wide knowledge management (KM) capability
definition: Developing resources for improved knowledge management and knowledge engineering.
definition: 建设强化知识管理与知识工程能力所需的资源体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.4
preferred label: 演进并持续维护知识管理能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Knowledge Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Knowledge Management
broader: Develop and manage enterprise-wide knowledge management (KM) capability
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Knowledge Management. Mapped to Develop and manage enterprise-wide knowledge management (KM) capability.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：知识管理（Knowledge Management），对应「构建并管理企业级知识管理（KM）能力」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.5
preferred label: 知识管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage taxonomies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.2
broader: Manage Content
definition: Developing and managing taxonomies, ontologies, and related semantic structures to classify, enrich, and relate enterprise content and knowledge assets, supporting consistent interpretation, discoverability, reuse, and advanced capabilities such as automated classification and semantic processing.
definition: 开发与管理分类体系、本体及关联语义结构，对企业内容与知识资产进行分类、增强与关联，支撑统一解读、可发现性、复用性，以及自动分类、语义处理等高级能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.2
preferred label: 构建与管理分类体系（Taxonomies） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Deliver approved content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.6
broader: Manage Content
definition: Delivering approved content to intended audiences through appropriate channels, repositories, or platforms in accordance with defined standards and controls.
definition: 依据既定标准与管控要求，通过合适渠道、知识库或平台向目标受众交付已批准内容。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.6
preferred label: 发布已审批内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Control delivered content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.7
broader: Manage Content
definition: Controlling the use, evaluation, retention, and disposition of delivered content to ensure continued relevance, compliance, and value over time. Includes monitoring content quality and semantic coherence.
definition: 管控已交付内容的使用、评估、留存与处置，确保其长期相关性、合规性与价值；包括监测内容质量与语义连贯性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.7
preferred label: 管控已发布内容 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Measurement and Reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Measurement and Reporting
broader: Measure and benchmark
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Measurement and Reporting. Mapped to Measure and benchmark.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：度量与报告（Measurement and Reporting），映射至「度量与基准比对」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.4
preferred label: 度量与报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage Environmental Health and Safety (EHS)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Determining the impacts of environmental health and safety. Create and implement the EHS program. Train and educate employees of the EHS function. Oversee and manage the EHS program.
definition: 评估环境、健康与安全（EHS）影响；制定并实施EHS管理体系；开展员工EHS职能培训与宣贯；统筹监督与管理EHS体系运行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9
preferred label: 管理环境、健康与安全（EHS） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage regulatory requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3.5
broader: Manage patents, copyrights, and regulatory requirements
definition: Aligning regulatory activities related to managing industry requirements. Train employees on regulatory requirements. Records for the appropriate regulatory agencies must be maintained and the new product process must be approved by the appropriate regulatory body before it is published to the organization. The submission lifecycle - i.e. creation, review, and approval of the submission and its components must be managed in a collaborative fashion.
definition: 统筹行业监管要求相关的合规活动；开展员工监管要求培训；向对应监管机构留存合规记录；新产品流程须获监管机构审批后方可正式发布；提交材料的全生命周期（含创建、评审与批准）须以协同方式统一管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3.5
preferred label: 管理监管合规要求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Perform discovery research
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.1
broader: Generate and define new product/service ideas
definition: Coordinating R&D activity to identify new technologies to integrate into the revamped portfolio of products/services. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Conduct early-stage R&D activity to close gaps between existing solution offerings and changing market expectations. Triangulate appropriate technologies that can support the development of a revised product/service portfolio.
definition: 统筹研发活动，识别可融入重构后产品和服务组合的新技术（包括人工智能等新兴及演进中的技术）；开展早期研发工作，弥合现有解决方案与市场预期变化之间的差距；通过多源验证，遴选适配技术以支撑修订后产品和服务组合的开发。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.1
preferred label: 开展探索性研究 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define product/service development requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3
broader: Generate and define new product/service ideas
definition: Encompassing the identification and capture of new product/service requirements or potential improvements to current products/services. Collaborating with members of the supply chain to ensure the feasibility of what is being defined in the requirements. For example, a product with manufacturing requirements that supply chain cannot currently fulfill requires a corporate decision to either upgrade manufacturing capabilities or abandon the new product. Enterprise-level effects and needs must be considered. Depending on the nature of the final product or service, these requirements are often defined as a set of abilities, such as availability or reliability, that influence product development decisions.
definition: 识别并捕获新产品/服务需求，或现有产品/服务的潜在改进点；协同供应链成员，确保所定义需求具备可行性（例如：若某产品制造需求超出当前供应链能力，则需企业决策升级制造能力或终止该新品）；统筹考量企业级影响与需求；最终需求常体现为一组影响产品开发决策的能力属性（如可用性、可靠性等）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3
preferred label: 定义产品和服务开发需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Business Analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Business Analysis
broader: Develop and Manage Products and Services
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Business Analysis. Mapped to Develop and Manage Products and Services.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：业务分析（Business Analysis），映射至‘产品与服务开发及管理’领域。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.4
preferred label: 业务分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Understand markets, customers, and capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1
broader: Market and Sell Products and Services
definition: Making sense of the market and customers to identify the right opportunities to be capitalized, given the organization's competencies. Discern trends and shift in the market and customers. Identify the right market opportunities that fit closely with the organization's capabilities and strategy by gathering intelligence on various attributes of different market/customer segments.
definition: 深入理解市场与客户，结合组织能力识别高价值机会。洞察市场与客户发展趋势与变化；通过采集多维度市场/客户细分情报，精准识别与组织能力及战略高度契合的市场机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1
preferred label: 理解市场、客户与业务能力 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Define offering and customer value proposition
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.1
broader: Develop marketing strategy
definition: Refining the attributes of organizational offerings to define their value proposition for the customer. Clearly define the suite of offerings in terms of the value delivered, from the perspective of what the customer desires. Validate the benefits delivered to the customers against target market segments, using techniques such as minimum viable product. Position brands for the respective products/services, in line with their unique value proposition and aligned with customers needs.
definition: 优化组织产品/服务属性以明确定义客户价值主张；从客户需求视角清晰界定产品/服务组合所交付的价值；借助最小可行产品（MVP）等方法，针对目标市场细分验证客户获益；围绕独特价值主张与客户需求，开展分产品/服务的品牌定位。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.1
preferred label: 定义产品/服务及客户价值主张 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Orchestrate seamless customer experience across supported channels
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4.7
broader: Define and manage channel strategy
definition: Coordinating marketing and distribution efforts across different channels that integrate well with each other, are in conformance with company values, visual identity and branding, and offer uniform customer service experience that drives customer loyalty and repeat business.
definition: 统筹跨渠道的营销与分销协同，确保渠道间高效整合、符合企业价值观与视觉识别体系、提供一致的客户服务体验，从而提升客户忠诚度与复购率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4.7
preferred label: 统筹支持渠道间的无缝客户体验 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide sales and product/service training to sales partners/alliances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5.1
broader: Manage sales partners and alliances
definition: Imparting guidance and instruction to sales partners/alliances concerning products/services. Distribute literature about the organization's products/services. Conduct workshops. Disseminate useful media content to engage and enlighten partners. Create communities through group engagements.
definition: 向销售合作伙伴/联盟提供产品/服务指导与培训；分发组织产品/服务宣传资料；举办专题研讨会；发布优质媒体内容以增强合作伙伴参与度与认知度；通过社群共建促进协同 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5.1
preferred label: 为销售合作伙伴/联盟提供销售及产品与服务培训 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Plan Source
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP2
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Plan Source (sP2).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：规划采购（sP2）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.10
preferred label: 规划采购 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan Transform
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP3
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Plan Transform (sP3).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：规划制造（sP3）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.11
preferred label: 规划制造（转化） @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan Order
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP4
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Plan Order (sP4).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：规划订单（sP4）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.12
preferred label: 规划订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan Fulfill
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP5
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Plan Fulfill (sP5).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：规划履约（sP5）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.13
preferred label: 规划履约 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan Return
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP6
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Plan Return (sP6).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：规划退货（sP6）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.14
preferred label: 规划退货 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Create and manage master production schedule
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.4
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Taking care of the master production plan. The master production includes creation and implementation of the site-level production plan, as well as management of the inventory that is currently in the production process.
definition: 管理主生产计划：包括制定与实施现场级生产计划，以及在制品库存管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.4
preferred label: 制定并管理主生产计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Review distribution planning policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.7
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Revisiting and refurbishing the policies for planning the distribution process. Asses the distribution strategies, including how the products are to be made available and sent to different distributors. Set guidelines regarding relationships between the sources and the distribution centers.
definition: 复审并优化分销流程规划政策。评估分销策略，包括产品面向不同分销商的可获得性与送达方式；制定源头与分销中心之间协作关系的指导原则。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.7
preferred label: 评审分销规划政策 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop quality standards and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.8
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Developing standards and procedures for maintaining the quality of products/services. Establish desired quality targets. Create standardized procedures for the quality. Ensure quality specifications are effectively communicated.
definition: 制定产品和服务质量维护的标准与规程。确立质量目标，编制标准化质量作业程序，确保质量规范有效传达。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.8
preferred label: 制定质量标准与规程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan Supply Chain
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP1
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Plan Supply Chain (sP1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：规划供应链（sP1）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.9
preferred label: 规划供应链 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage SC Business Rules
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr1
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Business Rules (sOr1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链业务规则（sOr1） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.11
preferred label: 管理供应链业务规则 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage SC Performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr2
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Performance (sOr2).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链绩效（sOr2） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.12
preferred label: 管理供应链绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage SC Human Resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr4
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Human Resources (sOr4).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链人力资源（sOr4） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.14
preferred label: 管理供应链人力资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage SC Assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr5
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Assets (sOr5).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链资产（sOr5） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.15
preferred label: 管理供应链资产 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage SC Contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr6
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Contracts (sOr6).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链合同（sOr6） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.16
preferred label: 管理供应链合同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage SC Network
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr7
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Network (sOr7).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链网络（sOr7）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.17
preferred label: 管理供应链网络 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage SC Regulatory Compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr8
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Regulatory Compliance (sOr8).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链合规（sOr8）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.18
preferred label: 管理供应链合规 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage SC Risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr9
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Risk (sOr9).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链风险（sOr9）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.19
preferred label: 管理供应链风险 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Develop category plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.2
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: Defining sourcing strategies and plans for categories of materials or services to optimize cost, supply continuity, value, and alignment with organizational requirements and market conditions.
definition: 针对不同物料或服务品类，制定并优化寻源策略与计划，兼顾成本、供应连续性、价值创造及组织需求与市场环境。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.2
preferred label: 制定品类计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage SC Technology
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr10
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Technology (sOr10).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链技术（sOr10）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.20
preferred label: 管理供应链技术 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF3
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Engineer-to-Order Product (sF3).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：按设计订单生产产品交付（sF3） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.11
preferred label: 工程定制产品（ETO）履约 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Confirm specific last mile delivery service requirements for individual customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.1
broader: Deliver last mile delivery services
definition: Acquiring or soliciting information about specific service requirements for individual customers through the customer service function. Obtain information about customer specific requests, process these requests, and create customer profiles to generate a service order.
definition: 通过客户服务职能获取或征集单个客户的特定服务需求信息；收集客户个性化请求，处理请求并建立客户档案，生成服务工单。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.1
preferred label: 确认单个客户的末端配送服务具体要求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide last mile delivery service to specific customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.3
broader: Deliver last mile delivery services
definition: Dispatching resources for managing and fulfilling daily service requirements. Manage the progress of order fulfillment. Complete order blocks.
definition: 调度资源以支撑日常服务需求的管理与履行；管控订单履约进度；完成订单区块闭环。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.3
preferred label: 向特定客户提供末端配送服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Order Engineer-to-Order Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO3
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Order Engineer-to-Order Product (sO3).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：按设计订单生产产品（sO3） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.8
preferred label: 工程定制产品（ETO）订单处理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish service delivery governance and strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1
broader: Deliver Services
definition: Creating rules and regulations for service delivery to the customer. Establish a system to manage performance, delivery, and direction of service delivery. Engage with the customer for satisfaction feedback. Define goals, policies, processes, and workplace layout and infrastructure as a part of the service delivery strategy.
definition: 制定面向客户的服务交付规则与制度。建立服务交付绩效、交付与方向的管理体系；开展客户满意度反馈互动；将目标、政策、流程及工作场所布局与基础设施纳入服务交付战略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1
preferred label: 建立服务交付治理与战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Plan Service Operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sP-SVC
broader: Establish service delivery governance and strategies
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Plan Service Operations (sP-SVC).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：规划服务运营（sP-SVC）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.3
preferred label: 规划服务运营 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage service delivery resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2
broader: Deliver Services
definition: Understanding the demands on resources and creating a plan to enable the delivery of services via those resources.
definition: 识别资源需求并制定计划，以确保通过可用资源交付服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2
preferred label: 管理服务交付资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Fulfill Service Operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF-SVC
broader: Manage and Operate Service Delivery System
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Service Operations (sF-SVC).
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0：履行服务运营（sF-SVC）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3.5
preferred label: 履行服务运营 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Deliver service to customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4
broader: Deliver Services
definition: Rendering service to the customer by initiating, executing, and completing tasks associated with service delivery.
definition: 面向客户开展服务交付，涵盖任务发起、执行与闭环全过程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4
preferred label: 向客户提供服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Confirm specific service requirements for individual customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.1
broader: Service products
definition: Acquiring or soliciting information about specific service requirements for individual customers through the customer service function. Obtain information about customer specific requests, process these requests, and create customer profiles to generate a service order.
definition: 依托客户服务职能，主动获取或征集个体客户的特定服务需求信息；梳理客户个性化请求，完成需求处理，并构建客户档案以生成服务工单。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.1
preferred label: 确认单个客户的特定服务需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Provide service to specific customers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.3
broader: Service products
definition: Dispatching resources for managing and fulfilling daily service requirements. Manage the progress of order fulfillment. Complete order blocks.
definition: 调度资源以支撑日常服务需求的管理与履行；跟踪工单履约进度；完成工单闭环。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.3
preferred label: 向特定客户提供服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Measure customer satisfaction with customer problems, requests, and inquiries handling
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.1
broader: Evaluate customer service operations and customer satisfaction
definition: Calculating satisfaction levels of customers by effectively evaluating the process of handling requests/inquiries of customers. Effectively calculate the performance of customer-requests/inquiries handling and resolution. Obtain information regarding requests/inquiries handling and resolution through customer feedback. Use it to explore new ideas and opportunities for enhanced customer requests/inquiries handling and resolution process.
definition: 通过高效评估客户咨询/请求处理流程，测算客户满意度；精准衡量客户咨询/请求的响应与解决绩效；借助客户反馈获取相关过程数据；据此探索优化客户咨询/请求响应与解决流程的新思路与新机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.1
preferred label: 衡量客户对问题、请求及咨询处理的满意度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Measure customer satisfaction with customer- complaint handling and resolution
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.2
broader: Evaluate customer service operations and customer satisfaction
definition: Measuring the satisfaction level of customers as pertains to how their complaints are handled and resolved. This process element requires the organization to estimate the customers level of fulfillment with the process reconciling their complaints and towards the objective of ensuring customer retention. The feedback received can be used to develop concepts for new opportunities to boost the level of customer satisfaction.
definition: 衡量客户对投诉处理与解决过程的满意度；该环节要求组织评估客户对投诉化解过程的满意程度，以支撑客户留存目标；所获反馈可用于发掘提升客户满意度的新机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.2
preferred label: 衡量客户对投诉处理与解决的满意度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop total compensation and rewards strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.2
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Designing a plan that specifies the combination of wages, salaries, and benefits the employees receive in exchange for work. Define the total amount of compensation, in addition to the manner in which the compensation is paid and the purposes for which employees can receive bonuses, salary increases, incentives and non-monetary rewards.
definition: 设计薪酬计划，明确员工因工作所获工资、薪资及福利组合；界定总薪酬额度、支付方式，以及奖金、薪资调整、激励措施与非货币奖励的发放目的与适用情形。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.2
preferred label: 制定全面薪酬与激励战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage new hire/re-hire
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.4
broader: Recruit, source, and select employees
definition: Creating and making job offers to the selected candidates. Fairly negotiate the job offers. Agree on terms with the candidate to complete the hiring process.
definition: 向选定候选人发出录用通知：公平开展录用谈判；就岗位条款与候选人达成一致，完成聘用闭环。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.4
preferred label: 新员工入职与返聘管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage employee onboarding
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.1
broader: Manage employee onboarding, training, and development
definition: Creating and maintaining various employee on-boarding programs typically known as induction programs in order to ensure that the new employees are effectively introduced to the organization and its existing employees. Examine and evaluate the performance of these induction programs. Execute these programs on the ground level.
definition: 制定并持续维护各类员工入职计划（即入职引导计划），确保新员工有效融入组织及现有团队；评估与优化入职计划实施效果；推动计划在基层落地执行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.1
preferred label: 管理员工入职 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Redeploy and retire employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Managing employee mobility and retirement. Manage the process of employee promotion and demotion. Administer separation, retirement, and leaves of absence. Outplace employees. Deploy personnel. Relocate employees in order to manage assignments.
definition: 管理员工流动与退休事务，包括晋升与降职管理、离职与退休管理、各类休假管理、员工再安置、人员部署及岗位调配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6
preferred label: 员工转岗与退休管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Implement workforce analytics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.8
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Transform, develop, and communicate workforce data into analytics in support of organizational requirements.
definition: 将人力资本数据转化为分析成果，以支持组织需求，包括数据加工、建模与成果传达。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.8
preferred label: 实施人力资本分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage employee communication
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.8
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Creating an effective plan that initiates and promotes communication and engagement among the employees and between employees and management.
definition: 制定有效沟通与员工参与计划，促进员工之间及员工与管理层之间的双向互动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.8
preferred label: 管理员工沟通 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Workforce and Talent Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Workforce and Talent Management
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Workforce and Talent Management. Mapped to Develop and Manage Human Resources.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：人力与人才管理（Workforce and Talent Management），对应‘开发与管理人力资本’能力域。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.9
preferred label: 人力资本与人才管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Relationship Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Relationship Management
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Relationship Management. Mapped to Develop and manage IT customer relationships.
definition: ITIL V5实践：关系管理（Relationship Management），对应‘构建并管理IT客户关系’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.8
preferred label: 关系管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Catalog Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Catalog Management
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Catalog Management. Mapped to Develop and manage IT customer relationships.
definition: ITIL V5实践：服务目录管理（Service Catalog Management），对应‘构建并管理IT客户关系’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.9
preferred label: 服务目录管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Financial Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Financial Management
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Financial Management. Mapped to Develop and manage IT business strategy.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：服务财务管理。映射至‘制定并管理 IT 业务战略’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.10
preferred label: IT服务财务管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Portfolio Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Portfolio Management
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Portfolio Management. Mapped to Develop and manage IT business strategy.
definition: ITIL V5实践：组合管理（Portfolio Management），对应‘制定并管理IT业务战略’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.8
preferred label: 投资组合管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Architecture Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Architecture Management
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Architecture Management. Mapped to Develop and manage IT business strategy.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：架构管理。映射至‘制定并管理 IT 业务战略’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.9
preferred label: 架构管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Continuity Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Continuity Management
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Continuity Management. Mapped to Develop and manage IT resilience and risk.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：服务连续性管理。对应「构建与管理 IT 韧性及风险」能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.10
preferred label: 服务连续性管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Plan and manage IT continuity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.4
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: Planning and managing the organization’s ability to recover from exposure to internal and external threats, with a focus on IT and cybersecurity. Ensure that continuity plans address cyber-specific scenarios, including ransomware attacks and other evolving threats, while maintaining uninterrupted operations of critical IT and OT services.
definition: 规划并管理组织应对内外部威胁的恢复能力，重点聚焦信息技术（IT）与网络安全；确保业务连续性计划涵盖勒索软件攻击等特定网络威胁场景，同时保障关键IT与运营技术（OT）服务持续稳定运行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.4
preferred label: 规划与管理IT连续性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define business information and analytics strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.1
broader: Manage information
definition: Create an organization-wide strategy for the IT function by combining skills, technologies, applications, and processes in order to attain organizations objectives. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 整合技能、技术、应用与流程，制定覆盖全组织的 IT 职能战略，以支撑组织目标实现；涵盖人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.1
preferred label: 定义业务信息与分析战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Design
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Design
broader: Develop and manage services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Design. Mapped to Develop and manage services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5实践：服务设计（Service Design），对应‘开发与管理服务/解决方案’能力域。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.6
preferred label: 服务设计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Software Development and Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Software Development and Management
broader: Develop and manage services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Software Development and Management. Mapped to Develop and manage services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5实践：软件开发与管理（Software Development and Management），对应‘开发与管理服务/解决方案’能力域。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.7
preferred label: 软件开发与管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Deployment Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Deployment Management
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Deployment Management. Mapped to Deploy services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：部署管理。映射至‘部署服务/解决方案’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.10
preferred label: 部署管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Validation and Testing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Validation and Testing
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Validation and Testing. Mapped to Deploy services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：服务验证与测试。映射至‘部署服务/解决方案’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.8
preferred label: 服务验证与测试 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Configuration Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Configuration Management
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Configuration Management. Mapped to Deploy services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：服务配置管理。映射至‘部署服务/解决方案’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.9
preferred label: 服务配置管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Availability Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Availability Management
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Availability Management. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：可用性管理。映射至「构建与管理支持服务/解决方案」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.10
preferred label: 可用性管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Capacity and Performance Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Capacity and Performance Management
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Capacity and Performance Management. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：容量与性能管理。映射至「构建与管理支持服务/解决方案」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.11
preferred label: 容量与性能管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Request Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Request Management
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Request Management. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：服务请求管理。映射至「构建与管理支持服务/解决方案」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.15
preferred label: 服务请求管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Desk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Desk
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Desk. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：服务台。映射至「构建与管理支持服务/解决方案」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.16
preferred label: 服务台 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

IT Asset Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:IT Asset Management
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: ITIL V5 practice: IT Asset Management. Mapped to Manage Information Technology (IT).
definition: ITIL V5 实践：IT 资产管理。映射至「管理信息技术（IT）」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.8
preferred label: IT 资产管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Infrastructure and Platform Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Infrastructure and Platform Management
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Infrastructure and Platform Management. Mapped to Manage Information Technology (IT).
definition: ITIL V5 实践：基础设施与平台管理。映射至「管理信息技术（IT）」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.9
preferred label: 基础设施与平台管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Process payroll
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Handling reporting time, managing pay, and processing taxes from salaries. Pay employees. Withhold taxes. Confirm the correct funds are paid to the correct government agency.
definition: 工时管理、薪酬发放与薪资税务处理。向员工支付薪酬，代扣代缴税款，并确保税款准确划付至对应政府主管部门。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5
preferred label: 处理薪酬发放 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Process accounts payable and expense reimbursements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Handling bills and reimbursements to be made. Make payments for goods or services taken or used on behalf of the organization.
definition: 处理应付账款及员工费用报销。代表组织支付所采购商品或服务的相关款项。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6
preferred label: 处理应付账款及费用报销 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage internal controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Administering internal controls. This process requires the organization to manage entity's board of trustees, management, and other personnel in order to offer judicious assurance about the achievement of effectiveness, proficiency of operations, and reliability of financial reporting.
definition: 管理内部控制体系。该流程要求组织通过董事会、管理层及其他人员协同运作，为运营效率、效果及财务报告可靠性提供合理保证。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8
preferred label: 管理内部控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Develop tax strategy and plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.1
broader: Manage taxes
definition: Setting targets for periodic tax liabilities. Assess the tax impact of various activities such as the acquisition or disposal of fixed assets or a deliberate change in number of employee.
definition: 设定周期性税务负债目标，评估固定资产购置或处置、员工数量主动调整等各类活动的税务影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.1
preferred label: 制定税务战略与规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Analyze deal options
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.5.3
broader: Conduct organization restructuring opportunities
definition: Examining various options shortlisted for assimilating new entities into the organization or dissociating from it. Undertake a piecemeal and comprehensive consideration of each option identified for acquisition, merger, de-merger, and divestment. Consider intangible and non-material aspects of the entities involved and synergic aspects. Consider the assistance of specialist professional services.
definition: 对拟纳入组织或剥离的实体选项开展多维度综合评估。逐项审慎分析收购、合并、分拆与剥离等已筛选方案；兼顾相关实体的无形资产、非财务因素及协同效应；必要时引入专业服务机构提供支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.5.3
preferred label: 分析交易方案 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop customer experience strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Defining a roadmap to meet customer expectations while considering how it will affect the business.
definition: 制定满足客户期望的战略路线图，并同步评估其对业务的影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8
preferred label: 制定客户体验战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop business models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.1
broader: Develop and maintain business models
definition: Creating an economic model that describes the goals of an organization and the business processes needed to achieve those goals. This involves information gathering, securing necessary approvals and authorizations, integrating with preexisting models, including the general business concept [10002] and business strategy [10015], and formally accepting the model as the basis for organization's day-to-day operations.
definition: 构建描述组织目标及其实现所需业务流程的经济模型；涵盖信息收集、获取必要审批与授权、与既有模型（含通用业务概念[10002]及业务战略[10015]）集成，并正式确认该模型作为组织日常运营的基础依据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.1
preferred label: 开发业务模型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Maintain business models
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.4.2
broader: Develop and maintain business models
definition: Revising and updating business models to reflect the changes in the marketed services, product inventory, market behavior, available resources or accrued expenses. Determine how and when to modify the accepted business model in response to incoming feedback.
definition: 根据市场化服务调整、产品库存变化、市场行为演变、可用资源变动或累计成本变化，持续修订与更新业务模型；明确响应外部反馈时业务模型的优化方式与时点。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.4.2
preferred label: 维护业务模型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Design and construct assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2
broader: Acquire, Construct, and Manage Assets
definition: Designing and constructing assets such as machines, tools, factories, etc. Manage steps to acquire assets including managing capital, as well as planning, scheduling, and overseeing acquisition/construction.
definition: 资产的设计与建造，如机器、工装、厂房等。统筹资产获取全过程，包括资本管理，以及规划、排程与建设/采购监督。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2
preferred label: 资产设计与建设 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Perform abandonment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.10
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Planning and performing abandonment activities. Whether facilities or equipment, ensure assets to be abandoned are safe, secure, and meet all legal, regulatory, and social/environmental responsibilities.
definition: 规划并执行废弃活动（含设施或设备），确保拟废弃资产处于安全、受控状态，并满足全部法律、法规及社会责任与生态环境要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.10
preferred label: 执行废弃处置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage enterprise risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1
broader: Manage Enterprise Risk, Compliance, Remediation, and Resiliency
definition: Creating requisite frameworks and coordinating all risk management activities for the entire organization and each function. Manage the enterprise risk by outlining the risk policies and procedures. Monitor and communicate all risk management activities. Encourage correspondence among the business units. Manage the risk of all business units and functions.
definition: 构建必要风险管理框架，统筹组织整体及各职能单元的风险管理活动；通过制定风险政策与程序实施企业风险管理；持续监测、通报各项风险管理活动；促进业务单元间协同沟通；统一管控各业务单元与职能领域的风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1
preferred label: 管理企业风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Establish compliance framework and policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.1
broader: Manage compliance
definition: Developing a set of procedures detailing an organization's progress in complying with established guidelines, provisions, and legislation.
definition: 制定一套程序，系统记录组织在遵循既定准则、条款及法规方面的进展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.1
preferred label: 建立合规框架与政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI Ethics Framework
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Governance and Ethics
definition: AI process: Manage AI Ethics Framework.
definition: AI流程：管理AI伦理框架。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.1
preferred label: 管理人工智能伦理框架 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI Regulatory Compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Governance and Ethics
definition: AI process: Manage AI Regulatory Compliance.
definition: AI流程：管理AI监管合规。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.2
preferred label: 管理人工智能监管合规 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI Safety and Alignment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Governance and Ethics
definition: AI process: Manage AI Safety and Alignment.
definition: AI流程：管理AI安全与对齐。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.3
preferred label: 管理人工智能安全与对齐 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI Bias and Fairness
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Governance and Ethics
definition: AI process: Manage AI Bias and Fairness.
definition: AI流程：管理AI偏见与公平性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.4
preferred label: 管理人工智能偏见与公平性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI Transparency and Explainability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Governance and Ethics
definition: AI process: Manage AI Transparency and Explainability.
definition: AI流程：管理人工智能透明度与可解释性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5.5
preferred label: 管理人工智能（AI）透明度与可解释性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Build investor relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.1
broader: Manage External Relationships
definition: Creating a strategic management responsibility for integrating finance, communication, marketing, and securities law compliance. Allow the most effective two-way communication among the organization, the financial community, and other constituencies. Enlist the investor relations function to provide market intelligence to corporate management.
definition: 设立战略管理职责，统筹财务、传播、营销及证券法规合规工作；促进组织、金融界及其他利益相关方之间最有效的双向沟通；借助投资者关系职能，向企业管理层提供市场情报。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.1
preferred label: 构建投资者关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage government and industry relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2
broader: Manage External Relationships
definition: Creating and maintaining relationships with government and industry representatives.
definition: 建立并维系与政府及行业代表的关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2
preferred label: 管理政府与行业关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage relations with quasi-government bodies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.2
broader: Manage government and industry relationships
definition: Managing relations with quasi-governmental organizations, corporations, businesses, or any other agency that is treated by national laws and principles to be under the supervision of the government but also distinct and self-directed from the government.
definition: 管理与准政府组织、企业、商业实体或其他依法受政府监督但又保持独立自主运作的机构的关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.2
preferred label: 管理与准政府机构的关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Protect intellectual property
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.6
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Safeguarding the intellectual property of the organization. This process requires the organization to protect a wide variety of intellectual property created by it. This includes leveraging artificial intelligence(AI) to identify potential infringement of intellectual property and making sure employees are adhering to company policies around use of artificial intelligence(AI). It involves creating and managing non-disclosure agreements (NDAs), following up on current developments in the areas where the organization holds patents, tracking the use of the organization's copyrighted material, creating and upholding licensing terms, and administering policies for safeguarding intellectual property.
definition: 保护组织的知识产权。该流程要求组织全面保护自身创造的各类知识产权，包括：运用人工智能（AI）识别潜在侵权行为；确保员工遵守公司关于人工智能（AI）使用的政策；制定并管理保密协议（NDA）；跟进组织持有专利的相关技术发展动态；追踪组织版权材料的使用情况；制定并执行许可条款；建立并落实知识产权保护政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.6
preferred label: 保护知识产权 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Establish and maintain process management governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.1
broader: Manage business processes
definition: Defining and managing the organization's approach to governing business process management. Establish and manage tools to support the governance process. Assign ownership for all business processes. Perform activities to administer the governing process.
definition: 定义并管理组织在业务流程管理（BPM）领域的治理方法。建立并管理支撑治理过程的工具；明确所有业务流程的责任归属；开展治理过程的日常管理工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.1
preferred label: 建立并维护流程治理机制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Improve processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.5
broader: Manage business processes
definition: Identifying, selecting, and managing improvements. Based on the type and scope of the improvement, determination of the appropriate improvement methodology (e.g., Lean, Six Sigma, etc.) should guide the effort. This includes continuous improvement, process redesign, process reengineering, and application of the organizations approaches for Manage projects.
definition: 识别、遴选与管理流程改进：依据改进类型与范围，选用适宜的改进方法论（如精益管理、六西格玛等）予以指导，涵盖持续改进、流程优化、流程再造，以及组织既定的项目管理方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.5
preferred label: 改进流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Continual Improvement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Continual Improvement
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Continual Improvement. Mapped to Develop and Manage Business Capabilities.
definition: ITIL V5实践：持续改进。映射至‘开发与管理业务能力’。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.11
preferred label: 持续改进 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

AI Capabilities Development
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: AI-era process group: AI Capabilities Development.
definition: AI时代流程组：AI能力开发。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12
preferred label: 人工智能（AI）能力开发 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Assess AI Capability Maturity
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Capabilities Development
definition: AI process: Assess AI Capability Maturity.
definition: AI流程：评估AI能力成熟度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.1
preferred label: 评估人工智能（AI）能力成熟度 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop AI Knowledge and Skills
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Capabilities Development
definition: AI process: Develop AI Knowledge and Skills.
definition: 人工智能（AI）流程：培养人工智能知识与技能 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.2
preferred label: 发展人工智能（AI）知识与技能 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI-Assisted Decision Making
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Capabilities Development
definition: AI process: Manage AI-Assisted Decision Making.
definition: 人工智能（AI）流程：管理人工智能辅助决策 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.3
preferred label: 管理人工智能（AI）辅助决策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI Innovation Pipeline
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI Capabilities Development
definition: AI process: Manage AI Innovation Pipeline.
definition: 人工智能（AI）流程：管理人工智能创新管线 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.12.4
preferred label: 管理人工智能（AI）创新管线 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage portfolio, program, and project
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Managing investments, holdings, products, businesses, and brands, along with the related projects that together constitute a program.
definition: 统筹管理投资、持股、产品、业务单元及品牌，及其共同构成的项目组合（Program）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2
preferred label: 管理项目组合、项目集与项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.2
broader: Manage portfolio, program, and project
definition: Establishing, implementing, and managing business programs. Successfully handle related projects that together constitute a program. Establish the program structure and approach. Coordinate with stakeholders and partners. Execute the program. Assess and report the performance of the program. Coordinate and prioritize resources across projects. Manage links between the projects and the overall costs and risks of the program.
definition: 建立、实施与管理业务项目组合：统筹管理构成该组合的各项关联项目；确立组合结构与实施路径；协同干系人与合作伙伴；执行组合计划；评估并报告组合绩效；跨项目协调与优先配置资源；统筹管理项目间依赖关系，以及组合整体成本与风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.2
preferred label: 管理项目集 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop quality controls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1.3
broader: Establish quality requirements
definition: Developing controls for managing the quality of enterprise. Define the process steps for quality controls and the sampling plan. Identify the tools and methods to measure quality. Define the competencies required.
definition: 构建企业质量管控机制：定义质量控制流程步骤与抽样方案；识别用于质量测量的工具与方法；明确所需胜任力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1.3
preferred label: 制定质量控制措施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Assess results of tests
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.2.2
broader: Evaluate performance to requirements
definition: Assessing the significance of the sample. Summarize the results of the test. Recommend improvement actions. Decide what steps to take next.
definition: 评估样本代表性意义；汇总测试结果；提出改进建议；确定后续行动步骤。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.2.2
preferred label: 评估测试结果 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Measure and benchmark
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Defining and managing measurement and benchmarking. Measure and benchmark the performance of internal processes, as well as the organization as a whole.
definition: 定义并管理度量与基准比对：衡量并比对内部流程及组织整体绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7
preferred label: 度量与对标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Develop EHS program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.2
broader: Manage Environmental Health and Safety (EHS)
definition: Identify the requirements for regulation and shareholders. Assess future risks and opportunities. Develop a policy for the EHS program. Record and manage EHS program events.
definition: 识别法规与股东相关要求；评估未来风险与机遇；制定环境、健康与安全（EHS）计划政策；记录并管理EHS计划相关事件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.2
preferred label: 制定环境、健康与安全（EHS）计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Generate and define new product/service ideas
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2
broader: Develop and Manage Products and Services
definition: Identifying and describing new product or service thoughts based on organizational objectives/targets.
definition: 基于组织目标/指标，识别并描述新产品或服务构想。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2
preferred label: 生成并定义新产品/服务创意 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Test market for new or revised products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.2
broader: Develop products and services
definition: Expanding on the marketplace analysis that took place earlier in the product development lifecycle by testing the market against offerings. The results from this in-depth analysis will help the organization finalize product/service characteristics and technical requirements and also identify any needed changes in the manufacturing and delivery processes that support market delivery. To prepare a detailed market study that accounts for any changes in the global environment, the organization may want to conduct a series of interviews, workshops, and focus groups with potential and existing customers.
definition: 深化前期产品开发生命周期中已开展的市场分析，通过实际投放测试验证市场响应。该深度分析结果将支撑组织最终确定产品/服务特性与技术要求，并识别制造与交付流程中需适配市场交付需求的调整项；为编制兼顾全球环境变化的详尽市场研究报告，组织可开展面向潜在客户及现有客户的系列访谈、工作坊与焦点小组研讨。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.2
preferred label: 新产品及服务的试销市场 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Evaluate and prioritize market opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.2
broader: Understand markets, customers, and capabilities
definition: Appraising market opportunities by quantifying and subjecting them to prioritization, as well as validation tests. Closely examine the market opportunities that have been identified by Perform customer and market intelligence analysis [10106]. Triangulate those opportunities to capitalize by finding a fit between identified opportunities and the composite of organizational capabilities and business strategy.
definition: 通过量化、优先级排序及验证测试等方式评估市场机会。结合执行客户与市场情报分析［10106］所识别的机会，开展三角验证，确保市场机会与组织整体业务能力及业务战略相匹配。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.2
preferred label: 评估并优先排序市场机会 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and manage brands
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.2
broader: Develop marketing strategy
definition: Defining and overseeing the positioning, value proposition, and governance of brands to ensure a consistent identity, clear differentiation, and alignment with overall marketing direction and business objectives across markets and offerings.
definition: 定义并统筹管理品牌定位、价值主张与治理机制，确保品牌形象统一、差异化清晰，并与各市场、各产品/服务的整体营销方向及业务目标保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.2
preferred label: 品牌开发与管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define pricing strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.3
broader: Develop marketing strategy
definition: Creating a pricing strategy and mechanism that aligns with the benefits of the products/services, as perceived by customers. Chart a strategic course and a methodology that can guide the pricing of products/services. Draw heavily from the customer value proposition, and balance the expectations of different divisions inside the organization, while delivering the maximum ROI.
definition: 制定与客户感知价值相匹配的定价策略与机制；规划指导产品/服务定价的战略路径与方法论；深度依托客户价值主张，在兼顾组织内各部门诉求的同时，实现投资回报率（ROI）最大化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.3
preferred label: 制定定价策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish marketing budgets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.2
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Creating a budget for the organization's marketing efforts, in line with the business-wide strategic outlook. Create a plan to distribute resources for achieving the marketing strategy in light of the overall business strategy. Make cost assumptions; calculate the estimated total revenue from the marketing activities against the costs/expenses of these activities. Forecast the return on investment. Attribute costs to the appropriate marketing activities such as promotional campaigns, advertising, marketing communications, PR campaigns, personnel, and office space. Enlist the financial and marketing functions.
definition: 依据企业整体战略视角编制营销预算；制定资源分配计划，确保营销战略落地与业务战略协同；进行成本估算，测算营销活动预期总收入与成本/费用；预测投资回报率（ROI）；将成本归集至相应营销活动（如促销活动、广告、营销传播、公关活动、人员及办公场地等）；联动财务与市场职能共同完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.2
preferred label: 制定营销预算 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and manage packaging strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.7
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Creating, executing, and administering a strategic road map for packaging products/services. Determine how to package products/services into finished offerings that can be directly marketed to prospective customers. Consider physicality, perishability, and shelf-life. Develop a strategy for packaging products/services. Test alternatives. Collect feedback. Refine the option chosen for execution. Have marketing, product development, and supply chain functions work together to develop sound packaging.
definition: 制定、执行并管理产品/服务包装的战略路线图；明确如何将产品/服务组合为可直接面向潜在客户营销的成品方案；统筹考量物理形态、易腐性与保质期；制定包装策略；开展替代方案测试；收集反馈；迭代优化选定方案；推动市场营销、产品研发与供应链职能协同，打造优质包装方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.7
preferred label: 制定并管理包装策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop sales forecast
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.1
broader: Develop sales strategy
definition: Developing a sales forecast for the organization's portfolio of offerings, bearing in mind the effect of promotional events, and fine-tuning these in the context of the new forecast. Estimate the future demand for the organization's products/services by analyzing historical information and any promotional activity.
definition: 结合促销活动影响，制定组织产品/服务组合的销售预测，并依据新预测动态校准。通过分析历史数据与促销活动，预估未来产品/服务需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.1
preferred label: 制定销售预测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage sales partners and alliances
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.5
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Managing the organization's partners and alliances, with the objective of maximizing revenue. Train partners regarding the organization's portfolio of products/services. Craft sales forecasts. Examine their performance. Manage all data held by the organization on these partners.
definition: 管理组织的合作伙伴与联盟关系，以最大化营收；面向合作伙伴开展产品/服务培训；制定销售预测；评估其业绩表现；统一管理组织持有的全部合作伙伴数据 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.5
preferred label: 销售合作伙伴与联盟管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish distribution planning constraints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.6
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Instituting the constraints for planning of distribution process. Create a plan that specifies every element in the distribution process from the blueprint of the distribution centers to how and when the inventory would reach the distribution centers.
definition: 设定分销流程规划的约束条件。制定涵盖分销中心蓝图设计、库存抵达时间与方式等全流程要素的规划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.6
preferred label: 制定分销规划约束条件 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Fulfill Return Excess Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR3
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Return Excess Product (sFR3).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：履行退回过剩产品（sFR3） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.10
preferred label: 履行过剩产品退货流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Select suppliers and develop/maintain contracts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.3
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: Evaluating supplier options to select the most effective and efficient suppliers. Validate selected suppliers. Establish and manage supplier contracts.
definition: 评估供应商选项，遴选最优供应商；验证入选供应商资质；建立并管理供应商合同。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.3
preferred label: 遴选供应商并制定/维护合同 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage suppliers
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.5
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: Collecting and analyzing new information in order to track and rate suppliers and build relationships.
definition: 持续收集与分析新信息，用于供应商绩效跟踪、评级及关系深化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.5
preferred label: 供应商管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Source Stocked Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS1
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Source Stocked Product (sS1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：采购备货型产品（sS1）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.6
preferred label: 采购备货型产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Source Make-to-Order Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS2
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Source Make-to-Order Product (sS2).
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0：采购按订单生产产品（sS2）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.7
preferred label: 采购按订单生产（MTO）产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Source Engineer-to-Order Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sS3
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Source Engineer-to-Order Product (sS3).
definition: 供应链运作参考模型（SCOR）DS 14.0：采购按订单设计产品（sS3）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.8
preferred label: 采购按设计生产（ETO）产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage SC Sustainability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sOr11
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Manage SC Sustainability (sOr11).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：管理供应链可持续性（sOr11）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.21
preferred label: 管理供应链可持续性 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Monitor and optimize production process
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2.5
broader: Produce/Assemble product
definition: Integrating different resources in the production process: material, personnel, equipment, robotics, etc. Includes automating and controlling the plant, performing advanced process control and real-time optimization. This activity also includes managing plant alarms and alerts.
definition: 整合生产过程中的各类资源（物料、人员、设备、机器人等）；实施工厂自动化与控制；开展先进过程控制与实时优化；管理工厂报警与告警系统。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2.5
preferred label: 监控与优化生产过程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Fulfill Make-to-Order Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF2
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Make-to-Order Product (sF2).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：按订单生产产品交付（sF2） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.10
preferred label: 按单生产产品（MTO）履约 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage disposition of returned products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2.5
broader: Plan and manage inbound material flow
definition: Determining if a returned product can be salvaged or repaired. Salvage or repair is dependent upon the product, the condition of the product, or the availability of a like item.
definition: 判定退货产品是否可修复或再利用。判定依据包括产品类型、实际状况及同类替代品的可获得性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2.5
preferred label: 管理退货产品处置 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Operate outbound transportation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.4
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: Creating a plan that specifies the schedule and system for transportation and delivery of the outbound products, as well as tracking the performance of the carrier delivery system. Conduct vehicle management and processing of all carrier-related documents.
definition: 制定出库/发运产品的运输与交付计划，明确调度安排与执行系统，并对承运商交付绩效进行跟踪评估。开展车辆管理及全部承运相关单据的处理工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.4
preferred label: 开展出库运输运营 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Deliver last mile delivery services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: Validating specific service requirements for individual customers. Determine and schedule resource to fulfill these requirements. Provide service to specific individual customers. Ensure the quality of service delivery.
definition: 校验单个客户的特定服务需求；确定并调度资源以满足该需求；面向特定客户提供服务；保障服务交付质量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5
preferred label: 提供末端配送服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Ensure quality of last mile delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.5.4
broader: Deliver last mile delivery services
definition: Guaranteeing the quality of service provided to customers. Identify the successful and unsuccessful orders along with the service failures. Collect customer feedback. Process the feedback to ensure the quality of service in the future.
definition: 保障面向客户的整体服务质量；识别成功与失败订单及服务失效点；收集客户反馈；分析反馈以持续提升未来服务质量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.5.4
preferred label: 保障末端配送服务质量 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Order Stocked Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO1
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Order Stocked Product (sO1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：订购现货产品（sO1）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.6
preferred label: 订购现货产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Order Make-to-Order Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sO2
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Order Make-to-Order Product (sO2).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：订购按订单生产产品（sO2）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.7
preferred label: 订购按订单生产（MTO）产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Source Return Defective Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR1
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Source Return Defective Product (sSR1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：缺陷产品退货采购（sSR1） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.5
preferred label: 寻源退货（缺陷产品） @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Source Return MRO Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR2
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Source Return MRO Product (sSR2).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：维修、保养与大修（MRO）产品退货采购（sSR2） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.6
preferred label: 寻源退货（维修、保养及运营用品） @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Source Return Excess Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sSR3
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Source Return Excess Product (sSR3).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：过剩产品退货采购（sSR3） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.7
preferred label: 寻源退货（过剩产品） @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Fulfill Return Defective Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR1
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Return Defective Product (sFR1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：履行退回缺陷产品（sFR1） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.8
preferred label: 履行缺陷产品退货流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Fulfill Return MRO Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sFR2
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Return MRO Product (sFR2).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：履行退回维护、维修与大修产品（sFR2） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.9
preferred label: 履行MRO产品退货流程 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Establish service delivery governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.1
broader: Establish service delivery governance and strategies
definition: Establishing service delivery governance through a system that manages performance, development, and direction. Allow for customer feedback on delivery satisfaction.
definition: 通过绩效、开发与方向管理体系，建立服务交付治理机制，并支持客户对交付满意度的反馈。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.1
preferred label: 建立服务交付治理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan and manage customer service workforce
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.1
broader: Plan and manage customer service contacts
definition: Creating and administering the workforce deployed for the customer service process. Forecast the customer workforce needs to correctly schedule the workforce. Track the utility of the workforce deployed. Examine the interactions between the customer and customer service representatives to achieve high quality.
definition: 统筹客户服务人力的配置与运营：预测人力需求以科学排班；跟踪人力使用效能；分析客户与客服代表的交互质量，持续提升服务品质。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.1
preferred label: 规划与管理客户服务人力团队 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Service products after sales
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3
broader: Manage Customer Service
definition: Assigning post-sales policies and paying claims on purchased products. This is a process that is an administrative function focused on creating rules (claim codes). This group ensures that claims are valid and are processed quickly. As well as to quickly determine responsibility for claim settlement.
definition: 制定售后政策并支付已购产品理赔款项；属行政管理职能，聚焦理赔规则（理赔代码）制定；确保理赔有效性与快速处理，并迅速厘清理赔责任归属。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3
preferred label: 售后产品服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Service products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4
broader: Service products after sales
definition: Validating specific service requirements for individual customers. Determine and schedule resource to fulfill these requirements. Provide service to specific individual customers. Ensure the quality of service delivery.
definition: 校验个体客户的特定服务需求，统筹调度资源予以满足，面向特定客户提供定制化服务，并保障交付质量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4
preferred label: 提供产品服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Ensure quality of service
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.4.4
broader: Service products
definition: Guaranteeing the quality of service provided to customers. Identify the successful and unsuccessful orders along with the service failures. Collect customer feedback. Process the feedback to ensure the quality of service in the future.
definition: 保障面向客户的整体服务质量；识别成功与失败的服务工单及服务失效情形；收集客户反馈；分析反馈以持续提升未来服务质量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.4.4
preferred label: 保障服务质量 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Monitor and update HR strategies, plans, and policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.3
broader: Develop and manage human resources (HR) planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Supervising the HR and workforce strategy, plans, and policies in order to refurbish them whenever needed. Determine the performance of HR and workforce plans and policies by measuring the objective achievement rate and its contribution to the overall business strategy. Ensure that information about these plans and strategies is effectively communicated to various stakeholders. Incorporate any suggestions by these stakeholders when revising HR and workforce plans and policies.
definition: 监督人力资源（HR）与员工队伍战略、计划及政策的执行情况，并根据需要及时更新完善。通过衡量目标达成率及其对整体业务战略的贡献度，评估HR与员工队伍相关计划及政策的绩效表现。确保相关计划与战略信息有效传达至各利益相关方，并在修订HR与员工队伍计划及政策时充分吸纳各方建议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.3
preferred label: 监控与更新人力资源战略、计划及政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Screen and select candidates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.3
broader: Recruit, source, and select employees
definition: Evaluating and selecting potential employees through interviews, tests, etc.
definition: 通过面试、测评等方式评估与甄选候选人。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.3
preferred label: 候选人筛选与甄选 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage applicant information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.5
broader: Recruit, source, and select employees
definition: Creating and maintaining a system for managing the information of applicants. Create records for all candidates who apply. Maintain and track information through the use applicant-tracking systems.
definition: 构建并维护应聘者信息管理系统：为所有应聘者建立档案；依托申请人跟踪系统（ATS）实现信息集中化、全过程追踪管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.5
preferred label: 应聘者信息管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage employee performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.2
broader: Manage employee onboarding, training, and development
definition: Defining individual performance objectives. Review performance in order to provide appraisals. Evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the current performance program. Update it regularly.
definition: 设定个人绩效目标；开展绩效回顾以提供绩效评价；评估现行绩效管理体系的效率与有效性，并定期更新优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.2
preferred label: 管理员工绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage employee career development
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3
broader: Manage employee onboarding, training, and development
definition: Establishing employee development guidelines. Lay out career paths and plans for individual employees. Manage the development of their skills to enhance their skills, ability, and knowledge.
definition: 制定员工发展指导方针；为个体员工规划职业路径与发展计划；统筹员工能力提升，增强其技能、能力与知识水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3
preferred label: 管理员工职业发展 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Establish succession plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.3.4
broader: Manage employee career development
definition: Establishing plans to ensure continuity in critical roles by identifying potential successors and preparing them for future leadership or specialist positions.
definition: 制定关键岗位继任计划，通过识别潜在接班人并开展针对性培养，保障核心岗位人才连续性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.3.4
preferred label: 制定继任计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage examinations and certifications
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4.6
broader: Develop and train employees
definition: Managing identified training programs for employees. Engage with industries to provide certifications, administer certification test, and maintain active certification.
definition: 统筹员工认证类培训项目的管理；对接行业机构开展认证合作，组织认证考试，维持证书有效性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4.6
preferred label: 管理考试与认证 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage and administer benefits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.2
broader: Reward and retain employees
definition: Managing and ensuring benefits enrollment by the employees. Process any benefit claims made by the employees. Balance the estimated amount and entitled amount of benefits.
definition: 管理员工福利登记，处理员工提出的福利申领请求，并平衡预估福利金额与应得福利金额。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.2
preferred label: 管理与实施员工福利 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage separation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.6.2
broader: Redeploy and retire employees
definition: Managing the process of employee separation, including leaves of absence, resignations, discharges, and layoffs. Inform the employee of the termination. Complete paperwork for continuation of benefits. Enter employment status change into system.
definition: 管理员工离职全流程，涵盖各类休假、辞职、解雇及裁员；及时告知员工终止劳动关系决定；完成福利延续手续；在系统中更新就业状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.6.2
preferred label: 管理员工离职 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Identify IT customer transformation needs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.2
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: Identifying changing needs of staff dependent on information technology based on continuous improvement to deliver results according to organizational goals. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 基于持续改进机制，识别依赖信息技术的员工不断变化的需求，确保 IT 能力持续匹配组织目标；涵盖人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.2
preferred label: 识别IT客户转型需求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Analyze service performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.7
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: Proactively manage IT service levels against IT customer requirements.
definition: 主动依据IT客户需求，开展IT服务水平管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.7
preferred label: 分析服务绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AIOps
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI and Intelligent Operations
definition: AI process: Manage AIOps.
definition: AI 流程：管理人工智能运维（AIOps） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.3
preferred label: 管理AI驱动运维（AIOps） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage Robotic Process Automation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI and Intelligent Operations
definition: AI process: Manage Robotic Process Automation.
definition: AI 流程：管理机器人流程自动化（RPA） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.4
preferred label: 管理机器人流程自动化（RPA） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage Data Science Workflows
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI and Intelligent Operations
definition: AI process: Manage Data Science Workflows.
definition: AI 流程：管理数据科学工作流 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.5
preferred label: 管理数据科学工作流 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage AI Infrastructure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI and Intelligent Operations
definition: AI process: Manage AI Infrastructure.
definition: AI 流程：管理 AI 基础设施 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.6
preferred label: 管理AI基础设施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and maintain enterprise architecture
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.3
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: Outlining and maintaining the organization's IT architecture. Establish the IT architecture definition and framework. Ensure the relevance of IT. Create and confirm the approach for IT maintenance. Create rules and regulations to guide IT architecture. Authenticate and finalize all IT related research and innovation that takes place within the organization.
definition: 制定并持续维护组织的IT架构；确立IT架构定义与框架；确保IT的相关性；制定并确认IT运维方法；制定指导IT架构的规则与规范；审核并最终确认组织内部开展的所有IT相关研究与创新。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.3
preferred label: 定义并维护企业架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage IT value portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.6
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: Creating and establishing the value portfolio. Defining, analyzing, and examining the value of projects, investments, and activities of the IT function.
definition: 构建并确立价值组合；定义、分析与评估IT职能所涉项目、投资与活动的价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.6
preferred label: 管理IT价值投资组合 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop IT resilience strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.2
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: Developing resilience strategies across IT and cybersecurity functions to proactively avoid risks and disruptions. Identify critical risks, prioritize them based on business needs, and establish mitigation approaches to ensure the organization’s ability to adapt and recover from cyber and IT-related threats.
definition: 在 IT 与网络安全职能范围内制定韧性策略，主动规避风险与中断；识别关键风险，依据业务需求进行优先级排序，并建立缓解措施，保障组织应对及恢复网络与 IT 相关威胁的能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.2
preferred label: 制定IT韧性战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Information Security Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Information Security Management
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Information Security Management. Mapped to Develop and manage IT resilience and risk.
definition: ITIL V5实践：信息安全管理体系（Information Security Management），映射至IT韧性与风险管理能力建设。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.9
preferred label: 信息安全管理体系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: Creating strategies to manage the organization's information and content. Outline the architecture for information. Administer information resources. Administer the management of data and content.
definition: 制定组织信息与内容管理战略；规划信息架构；管理信息资源；统筹数据与内容管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4
preferred label: 管理信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage business information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.4
broader: Manage information
definition: Creating strategies to administer information and content. Understand the needs of the organization for information and content management. Realize the role of IT services for implementing the overall business strategy. Assess the implications of new technologies for managing information and content. Identify and prioritize the most effective and efficient actions for managing information and content.
definition: 制定信息与内容管理策略；理解组织对信息与内容管理的需求；明确 IT 服务在落实整体业务战略中的作用；评估新技术对信息与内容管理的影响；识别并优先推进最高效、最有效的管理举措。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.4
preferred label: 管理业务信息 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Change Enablement
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Change Enablement
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Change Enablement. Mapped to Deploy services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5实践：变更启用（Change Enablement），映射至服务/解决方案部署。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.6
preferred label: 变更赋能 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Release Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Release Management
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Release Management. Mapped to Deploy services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5实践：发布管理（Release Management），映射至服务/解决方案部署。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.7
preferred label: 发布管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Monitoring and Event Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Monitoring and Event Management
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Monitoring and Event Management. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：监控与事件管理。映射至「构建与管理支持服务/解决方案」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.12
preferred label: 监控与事件管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Problem Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Problem Management
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Problem Management. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：问题管理。映射至「构建与管理支持服务/解决方案」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.14
preferred label: 问题管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Service Level Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Service Level Management
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Service Level Management. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5实践：服务级别管理（Service Level Management），映射至“创建与管理支持服务/解决方案”。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.9
preferred label: 服务级别管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform cost management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.4
broader: Perform planning and management accounting
definition: Deciding which expenses can be avoided to reduce some costs and increase revenues. Plan and control the organization's budget to forecast future expenditures.
definition: 识别可规避支出以降低成本、提升收入。统筹规划与管控组织预算，预测未来开支。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.4
preferred label: 开展成本管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage international funds/consolidation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.10
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Managing cash collections and disbursements made by operating units across the enterprise. When appropriate, transfer cash from the operating units to parent-level bank accounts managed by the organization's treasury team.
definition: 统筹管理全集团各运营单元的现金收付；视情况将资金划转至由组织司库团队管理的母公司银行账户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.10
preferred label: 管理国际资金／合并报表 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Perform capital planning and project approval
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.1
broader: Manage fixed-asset project accounting
definition: Preparing a project finance report to solicit approvals in capital projects. Prepare budgets for projects that require heavy investments. Report on project finances to solicit approvals from management.
definition: 编制项目融资报告以获取资本性项目审批。为重大投资项目编制预算，并向管理层汇报项目财务情况以争取审批。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.1
preferred label: 开展资本规划与项目审批 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage interest rate risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.2
broader: Monitor and execute risk and hedging transactions
definition: Handling risks arising from changes in the interest rate.
definition: 管理因利率变动引发的风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.2
preferred label: 管理利率风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage exposure risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.4
broader: Monitor and execute risk and hedging transactions
definition: Taking care of exposure risks. Maintain financial investments in particular investments or a portfolios that could be risky for the organization.
definition: 管理敞口风险，持续持有特定投资或投资组合，该等投资可能对组织构成财务风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.4
preferred label: 管理风险敞口 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Report on internal controls compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.3
broader: Manage internal controls
definition: Reporting on internal controls compliance to the appropriate authority, including IT regulations and pertinent data.
definition: 向相关监管方报告内部控制合规情况，包括信息技术（IT）监管要求及相关数据。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.3
preferred label: 报告内部控制合规情况 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Acquire, Construct, and Manage Assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.0
definition: Relating to the design, construction, acquisition, and management of both productive and non-productive assets.
definition: 涵盖生产性与非生产性资产的设计、建设、购置及全生命周期管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.0
preferred label: 资产获取、建设与管理 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: management_support
level: 1

Plan and acquire assets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1
broader: Acquire, Construct, and Manage Assets
definition: Planning, acquiring, and managing facilities, workspaces, and supporting assets. Acquire, configure, and manage facilities and workspaces, to include supporting equipment and materials.
definition: 规划、获取并管理设施、办公空间及相关支撑性资产；完成设施与办公空间的采购、配置及运维，含配套设备与物料。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1
preferred label: 规划与获取资产 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Plan facility
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.1.2
broader: Plan and acquire assets
definition: Recognizing the needs of facility users in order to construct a project proposal that meets those needs.
definition: 识别设施使用者需求，据此编制满足需求的项目提案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.1.2
preferred label: 规划设施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Design and plan asset construction
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.2
broader: Design and construct assets
definition: Outlining the steps and strategies needed to construct assets. Verify that all regulations are adhered to and that all permissions have been granted. Organize and plan for resources to complete construction.
definition: 明确资产建造所需步骤与策略。确保合规性，取得全部必要审批；统筹规划人力、物力等资源以保障建设顺利完成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.2
preferred label: 开展资产建设的设计与规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Schedule and perform construction work
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.3
broader: Design and construct assets
definition: Arranging a timetable for which to perform construction work. Schedule resources to contract assets for new or replacement assets. Reschedule or redesign assets if needed.
definition: 制定建设工作实施时间表；统筹资源开展新资产建设或旧资产更新；必要时进行计划重排或方案再设计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.3
preferred label: 安排并执行工程建设作业 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage asset construction
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.2.4
broader: Design and construct assets
definition: Overseeing the performance and quality of work. Assure that records are maintained throughout the construction process. Adhere to all safety, security, and access regulations set forth by the organization and all government standards.
definition: 监督建设过程绩效与工程质量；全过程留存完整记录；严格遵守组织制定及政府颁布的各项安全、安保与访问管理规定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.2.4
preferred label: 管理资产建设过程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform asset maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.3
broader: Maintain assets
definition: Engaging in all aspects of asset maintenance. Ensure that all assets are functioning properly and to all specified codes and regulations where applicable. Maintenance includes all preventative, routine, and corrective activates.
definition: 全面开展资产维护工作，确保所有资产正常运行且符合适用的规范与法规要求；维护涵盖预防性、例行性及纠正性活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.3
preferred label: 开展资产维修 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Establish the enterprise risk framework and policies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.1
broader: Manage enterprise risk
definition: Creating an agenda for the rules and regulations of enterprise risk that deal with hazardous, financial, operational, and strategic risks. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 制定企业风险管理制度与规范，涵盖危害性、财务、运营及战略风险；包括人工智能（AI）等新兴与演进技术带来的各类风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.1
preferred label: 建立企业风险框架与政策 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage business resiliency
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.4
broader: Manage Enterprise Risk, Compliance, Remediation, and Resiliency
definition: Including the processes required to rapidly adapt and respond to any internal or external opportunity, demand, disruption, or threat. Develop a more dynamic, strategic, and integrated approach to managing compliance obligations.
definition: 涵盖快速适应并响应内外部机遇、需求、干扰或威胁所需的相关流程，推动形成更动态、更具战略性和一体化的合规义务管理方式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.4
preferred label: 管理业务韧性 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

AI Governance and Ethics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Enterprise Risk, Compliance, Remediation, and Resiliency
definition: AI-era process group: AI Governance and Ethics.
definition: 人工智能（AI）时代流程组：AI治理与伦理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.5
preferred label: 人工智能治理与伦理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage public relations program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.5
broader: Manage External Relationships
definition: Managing a public relations programs through business and communications skills.
definition: 运用商业与传播技能管理公共关系项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.5
preferred label: 管理公共关系项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage business processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Establishing and administering governance for management of the processes. Outline and manage the frameworks for management of the processes. Define the business processes. Administer the performance of the processes. Enhance the business processes.
definition: 建立并实施流程治理机制。明确并管理流程治理框架；定义业务流程；监督流程绩效；持续优化业务流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1
preferred label: 管理业务流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Define processes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.1.3
broader: Manage business processes
definition: Outlining and establishing the business processes of the organization. Scope, analyze, map, and publish processes for the employees who may require it.
definition: 梳理并确立组织的业务流程。界定流程适用范围，开展分析、建模与发布，面向有需要的员工提供流程信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.1.3
preferred label: 定义流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop sustainability capability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.10.1
broader: Manage sustainability
definition: Developing sustainability (ESG) capabilities for the organization. Understand and communicate legal, regulatory, and social/environmental requirements. Establish policies, objectives, guidelines and approaches for ESG efforts and reporting.
definition: 建设组织可持续发展（ESG）能力；理解并传达法律、监管及社会/环境要求；制定ESG工作与报告的政策、目标、指南与方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.10.1
preferred label: 构建可持续发展能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage enterprise quality
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Managing organizational attributes that are closely associated with the quality of output. Determine the quality requirements. Evaluate the correspondence between the quality performance and requirements. Manage non-conformance activities. Ensure implementation and maintenance of the enterprise quality management system.
definition: 管理与输出质量密切相关的组织属性：确定质量要求；评估质量绩效与要求的符合程度；管理不符合项活动；确保企业质量管理体系的有效实施与持续维护。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3
preferred label: 管理企业质量 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Establish quality requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.1
broader: Manage enterprise quality
definition: Determining essential activities, processes, and attributes for securing enterprise quality. Outline critical characteristics for quality. Outline activities encouraging the preservation of quality. Create quality controls. Confirm capabilities in accordance with quality requirements. Finalize the plan for quality maintenance.
definition: 明确保障企业质量所需的关键活动、流程与属性：界定质量关键特征；规划支撑质量保持的活动；建立质量控制机制；确认能力满足质量要求；最终形成质量维持计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.1
preferred label: 制定质量要求 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage non-conformance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.3
broader: Manage enterprise quality
definition: Handling any nonconformance activities or events. Assess the potential impact of the nonconformity. Decide the immediate actions to take. Identify the root causes. Take corrective or preventive action. Ensure future conformance.
definition: 处理所有不符合项活动或事件：评估不符合项潜在影响；确定即时应对措施；识别根本原因；实施纠正或预防措施；确保未来持续符合要求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.3
preferred label: 管理不符合项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage food safety
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:food-safety
broader: Manage enterprise quality
definition: Establish and operate the core food-safety management activities: prerequisite programmes (PRPs), hazard analysis and the hazard control plan (HACCP/OPRP), incoming and batch inspection, and labelling compliance. Adds the food-safety-specific control layer on top of generic quality management (13.3.1-13.3.4), covering both own-production and OEM (supplier-control) models.
definition: 建立并运行食品安全管理的核心活动：前提方案（PRP）、危害分析与危害控制计划（HACCP/OPRP）、来料与批次检验、标签合规。在通用质量管理（13.3.1–13.3.4）之上为食品企业提供食品安全专属的管控层，兼容自产与代工（供方管控）两种模式。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.5
preferred label: 管理食品安全 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Planning, designing, and implementing the change. Ensure improvement in the change process.
definition: 规划、设计并实施变革，确保变革流程持续优化。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4
preferred label: 管理变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Implement change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.3
broader: Manage change
definition: Effectuating the change within the desired impact areas of the organization. Ensure adequate commitment from all corners of the organization for the desired change. Create support structures. Refashion all processes deemed necessary. Observe the progress.
definition: 在组织预设影响范围内切实推进变革；确保组织各层面充分承诺与支持；构建变革支撑体系；重构必要业务流程；持续跟踪进展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.3
preferred label: 实施变更 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage enterprise-wide knowledge management (KM) capability
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Creating and administering the capability of the organization's knowledge management function. Develop a strategy for knowledge management. Assess capabilities of the knowledge management function.
definition: 构建并运营组织的知识管理（KM）能力；制定知识管理战略；评估知识管理职能的成熟度与能力水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5
preferred label: 构建并管理企业级知识管理（KM）能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Design and implement KM capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.3
broader: Develop and manage enterprise-wide knowledge management (KM) capability
definition: Creating knowledge bases and other repositories to preserve and develop company expertise, and to train new employees.
definition: 建设知识库及其他知识载体，固化组织专业能力，支撑新员工培养。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.3
preferred label: 设计并实施知识管理能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Benchmark performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.2
broader: Measure and benchmark
definition: Comparing organizational performance internally or externally with other organizations.
definition: 开展组织内部或跨组织的绩效基准比对。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.2
preferred label: 绩效对标 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and Manage Products and Services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.0
definition: Detailing practices and procedures related to the concept of developing and managing products and services. These are reflected in the process groups Govern and manage product/service development program [19696], Generate and define new product/service ideas [19698], and Develop products and services [10062].
definition: 细化产品与服务开发及管理的相关实践与规程，体现于以下流程组：“治理与管理产品/服务开发项目”[19696]、“生成与定义新产品/服务创意”[19698]、“开发产品与服务”[10062]。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.0
preferred label: 产品和服务开发与管理 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: operating
level: 1

Govern and manage product/service development program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1
broader: Develop and Manage Products and Services
definition: Supervising the complete product/service program from innovation until its commercial success. Meeting the customer demand and expectations. Conduct further development and innovation pertaining to business goals.
definition: 统筹产品/服务全生命周期管理，覆盖创新孵化至商业成功；精准响应客户需求与期望；围绕业务目标持续推进开发与创新。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1
preferred label: 治理与管理产品/服务开发项目 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage product and service life cycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2
broader: Govern and manage product/service development program
definition: Manage the introduction and withdrawal of products/services. Administer associated changes, namely measuring the performance of new solution offerings and the revision of master files in the archives.
definition: 管理产品和服务的引入与退出。统筹相关变更事项，包括评估新解决方案的市场表现，以及更新档案中的主数据文件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2
preferred label: 管理产品和服务生命周期 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage patents, copyrights, and regulatory requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.3
broader: Govern and manage product/service development program
definition: Determining the attributes necessary to protect and safeguard intellectual assets, maximize the value of IP assets through streamlined process, and collaboration between departments. Focus on needs to safeguard, critical assets, and assets' value.
definition: 明确保护知识产权资产所需的要素，通过流程精简与跨部门协作最大化知识产权（IP）资产价值。聚焦于保护需求、关键资产及其价值评估。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.3
preferred label: 管理专利、版权及监管要求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Generate new product/service concepts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.2
broader: Generate and define new product/service ideas
definition: Producing and defining ideologies for new product/service offerings.
definition: 提出并界定新产品/服务的构想与理念。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.2
preferred label: 生成新产品和服务概念 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3
broader: Develop and Manage Products and Services
definition: Developing new products/services from scratch, including all activities associated with the design, prototyping, evaluation, and market testing of these planned offerings.
definition: 从零启动新产品/服务开发，涵盖设计、原型制作、评估及市场测试等全部环节。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3
preferred label: 开发产品和服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Prepare for production/service delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.3
broader: Develop products and services
definition: Devising business plans and procedures for manufacturing/operations/production and delivery of services offered by the organization. Further in general terms the total amount of output that the manufacturing department is responsible to produce for each period.
definition: 制定面向制造/运营/生产及服务交付的业务计划与规程，并总体界定制造部门各周期应完成的产出总量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.3
preferred label: 为量产/服务交付做准备 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Define warranty claims
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.4
broader: Develop products and services
definition: Determining the exact terms and conditions under which specific warranties apply to certain goods or services.
definition: 明确特定商品或服务适用保修条款的具体条件与范围。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.4
preferred label: 定义保修索赔管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Analyze and manage channel performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.5
broader: Develop marketing strategy
definition: Monitoring marketing and distribution efforts of all channels individually and as a network. Re-distribute or add resources to channels that perform better than expected. Purge or consolidate under-performing channels, and find more promising replacements.
definition: 独立监测各渠道及渠道网络的营销与分销成效；对超预期表现渠道追加或重分配资源；淘汰或整合低效渠道，并引入更具潜力的替代渠道。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.5
preferred label: 分析与管理渠道绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Design and manage customer loyalty program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.7
broader: Develop marketing strategy
definition: Creating and managing a customer loyalty program. The loyalty program is a key part of marketing, with an elaborate strategy and process for acquiring, retaining, and engaging with members. Members are engaged and acquainted to the loyalty program, thus growing relationship and adding value through the program.
definition: 创建并管理客户忠诚度计划；该计划是营销体系的核心组成部分，涵盖会员获取、留存与深度互动的完整策略与流程；通过持续触达与价值传递，深化客户关系并提升计划价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.7
preferred label: 设计并管理客户忠诚度计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Track customer management measures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.5
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Collating all customer-centered metrics. The objective is to create a big-picture view of the customers' mindset and their behavior pertaining to the organization's offerings.
definition: 整合全部以客户为中心的度量指标，构建客户心智模式与行为特征的全景视图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.5
preferred label: 跟踪客户管理措施 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Analyze and respond to customer insight
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.6
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Reviewing and responding to customer feedback. Create tickets to initiate bug fixes or to propose feature updates. Monitor and track progress.
definition: 收集并响应客户反馈；创建工单以启动缺陷修复或功能更新提案；全程监控与跟踪处理进展。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.6
preferred label: 分析并响应客户洞察 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop sales strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4
broader: Market and Sell Products and Services
definition: Developing concrete plans for guiding and providing support to the sales function. Chart a road map for the sales function, including an analysis of historical sales data to create forecasts for anticipated sales, forming sales targets, forging partnerships with other economic agents to boost sales, devising a budget for this function, and determining metrics to measure customer management activities as well as progress in achieving sales targets.
definition: 制定支撑销售职能的具体规划；绘制销售职能发展路线图，包括基于历史销售数据分析预测未来业绩、设定销售目标、构建外部合作生态以扩大销售、编制销售职能预算、设计客户管理活动及销售目标达成进度的度量指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4
preferred label: 制定销售策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage customer sales calls
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1.8
broader: Manage leads/opportunities
definition: Managing the entire sales process, from using leads to open sales to closing sales and creating records. Govern all sales activities. Make sales calls based on leads and preparatory work (drafting terms of the sale, creating proposals, suggesting prices, etc.). Close the sale, along with any administrative activities related to data entry and the processing of the sale.
definition: 全流程管理销售作业：从线索激活、商机推进到成交闭环及记录归档；统管所有销售活动；基于线索及前期准备（如拟定销售条款、编制提案、报价等）开展销售拜访；完成签约及配套数据录入、交易处理等行政事务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1.8
preferred label: 管理客户销售拜访 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Manage customers and accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.2
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Managing the customer's expectations, with the intent of responsibly increasing the sale of the organization's products/services. Create a systematic method for governing sales, using sales forecasts and customer management measures. Develop a blueprint to manage relationships with customers and the data it holds on them, as well as the sale of its products/services to these customers. Devise a recipe for handling the organization's key customers in order to manage their expectations with tact and responsibility while maximizing revenue.
definition: 系统化管理客户期望，在负责任前提下促进产品/服务销售增长；构建以销售预测与客户管理指标为基础的销售治理体系；制定客户关系与客户数据管理蓝图，统筹产品/服务销售全流程；设计重点客户精细化管理方案，兼顾期望管理的审慎性与营收最大化目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.2
preferred label: 管理客户与客户账户 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Transform Make-to-Order
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT2
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Transform Make-to-Order (sT2).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：转型按订单生产（sT2）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.6
preferred label: 执行按订单生产（Make-to-Order）转型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Transform Engineer-to-Order
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT3
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Transform Engineer-to-Order (sT3).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：转型按订单设计（sT3）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.7
preferred label: 执行按订单设计（Engineer-to-Order）转型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Fulfill Retail Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF4
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Retail Product (sF4).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：零售产品交付（sF4） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.12
preferred label: 零售产品履约 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan and manage inbound material flow
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.2
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: Creating and executing a strategy for all the internal activities related to the flow/transfer of inbound materials. This process includes planning inbound material receipts, managing inbound material flow, monitoring inbound delivery performance, managing the flow of returned products, controlling the quality of returned parts, and salvaging or repairing returned products.
definition: 制定并执行所有与进厂物料流动/转移相关的内部活动策略。该流程包括：进厂物料收货计划、进厂物料流管控、进厂交付绩效监控、退货产品流转管理、退货零部件质量控制，以及退货产品的修复或再利用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.2
preferred label: 规划与管理入厂物料流 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Fulfill Stocked Product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sF1
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Fulfill Stocked Product (sF1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：备货型产品交付（sF1） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.9
preferred label: 现货产品履约 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Deliver Services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.0
definition: Offering services to customers. This is the act of providing service delivery as a core business practice and covers identifying strategies for performing service delivery, managing resources, and delivering services to the customer.
definition: 面向客户交付服务。指将服务交付作为核心业务实践，涵盖制定服务交付策略、管理资源及向客户提供服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.0
preferred label: 交付服务 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: operating
level: 1

Manage customer complaints
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.3
broader: Plan and manage customer service contacts
definition: Obtaining customer complaints online or by phone. Direct these complaints to higher-level representatives as appropriate. Resolve them. Respond to customers.
definition: 在线上或电话渠道接收客户投诉，并视情升级至高级别代表处理、闭环解决并及时反馈客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.3
preferred label: 管理客户投诉 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Investigate warranty issues
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2.3
broader: Process warranty claims
definition: Executing investigational and analysis of warranty claims. This involves notification and definition of a warranty issue, includes the scheduling of a field service agent to perform further investigation; the request and receipt of defective parts; and diagnosis/root cause analysis. This concludes with the receipt of the result and recommendation for corrective action.
definition: 开展保修索赔的调查与分析，包括：保修问题通报与界定；安排现场服务工程师进一步核查；缺陷部件申领与接收；根因诊断与分析；最终形成调查结果及纠正措施建议。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2.3
preferred label: 调查保修问题 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Evaluate customer service operations and customer satisfaction
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5
broader: Manage Customer Service
definition: Calculating and assessing the operational activities of the customer service function. Evaluation is achieved through the customer requests/inquiries handling process, the customer complaint handling process, and product and services quality. Examine activities to ensure high levels of customer service.
definition: 核算与评估客户服务职能的运营活动；评估涵盖客户咨询/请求处理流程、客户投诉处理流程，以及产品和服务质量；检视各项活动，确保客户服务高水平运行。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5
preferred label: 评估客户服务运营与客户满意度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Measure customer satisfaction with products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.3
broader: Evaluate customer service operations and customer satisfaction
definition: Calculating satisfaction levels of customers with products/services. Obtain customer feedback on products/services, as well as the effectiveness of the advertising campaigns. Examine this information to reach meaningful conclusions, which could then be used to enhance the customer service operations.
definition: 测算客户对产品和服务的满意度；收集客户对产品/服务及广告推广效果的反馈；分析上述信息形成有效结论，用于优化客户服务运营。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.3
preferred label: 衡量客户对产品和服务的满意度 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Evaluate and manage warranty performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.5.4
broader: Evaluate customer service operations and customer satisfaction
definition: Assessing the cost and effectiveness of warranties.
definition: 评估保修服务的成本效益。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.5.4
preferred label: 评估与管理保修绩效 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and manage human resources (HR) planning, policies, and strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Creating strategies for the HR function. Create and implement strategies for managing the work force. Supervise and enhance the strategies, plans, and policies supporting the HR function. Developing models for managing competency levels of the HR of the organization.
definition: 制定人力资源（HR）职能发展战略。制定并落实员工队伍管理战略；监督并持续优化支撑HR职能的战略、计划与政策；构建组织HR胜任力水平管理体系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1
preferred label: 制定并管理人力资本规划、政策与战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Perform strategic workforce planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2.1
broader: Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Evaluating the current and future skill requirements of the organization with regard to the overall corporate strategy of the organization and market conditions. Identify and establish the minimum skills needed for the requisite HR needs.
definition: 结合组织整体战略与市场环境，评估当前及未来技能需求；识别并确立满足人力资源需求所需的最低技能标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2.1
preferred label: 开展战略性员工队伍规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Recruit, source, and select employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Determining and handling employee requirements. Recruit or source the candidates as per the requirements. Screen and select the most appropriate candidates. Take care of the newly hired and re-hired employees. Maintain records of information for all applicants.
definition: 识别并满足员工需求：按需开展人才招募或寻源；筛选并甄选最适配候选人；妥善办理新员工入职及返聘手续；完整归档所有应聘者信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2
preferred label: 员工招聘、寻源与甄选 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage employee onboarding, training, and development
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Assisting employees in developing their capabilities, and providing them counseling services. Handle the orientation and deployment of the employees. Administer the performance of employees. Administer the development and enhancement of the employees. Provide training and development programs for employees.
definition: 支持员工能力发展并提供职业辅导：组织实施新员工入职引导与岗位部署；开展员工绩效管理；推动员工成长与能力提升；提供系统化培训与发展项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3
preferred label: 员工入职、培训与发展管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage employee relations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.4
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Assisting general management in developing, maintaining, and improving employee relationships. This is accomplished through communication, performance management, processing grievances, and/or dispute. Interpret and convey organizational policies.
definition: 协助高层管理构建、维护与优化员工关系，具体通过沟通协调、绩效管理、申诉处理与争议调解等方式实现；准确解读并传达组织政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.4
preferred label: 管理员工关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Reward and retain employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Creating frameworks for rewarding and recognizing employees with the objective of retaining them. Create and manage programs for provision of rewards, recognition, and motivation. Manage and administer the benefits for employees. Help assist and retain employees. Administer payroll to employees.
definition: 构建员工激励与认可框架，以提升留任率；策划并管理奖励、认可与激励项目；统筹员工福利管理；支持员工保留；负责薪酬发放。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5
preferred label: 激励与保留员工 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Develop workforce analytics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7.7
broader: Manage employee information and analytics
definition: Understand, develop, and gather workforce data in support of stakeholder requirements.
definition: 理解、设计并采集人力资本数据，以满足各利益相关方需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7.7
preferred label: 开展人力资本分析（workforce analytics） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Plan and communicate IT services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.3
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: Create and design an organized and curated collection of all IT-related services that can be performed by, for, or within the organization. Maintain and convey information about deliverables, prices, contact points, and processes for requesting an information technology service.
definition: 构建并维护一套结构化、标准化的组织 IT 服务目录，涵盖可由组织内部、为组织或在组织内提供的全部 IT 相关服务；持续更新并发布服务交付物、定价、联络方式及服务申请流程等信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.3
preferred label: 规划与传达IT服务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage IT customer relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.6
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: Managing the IT relationship with its customers by systematically coordinating interactions over multiple touch points on a regular basis. Coordinate the IT's efforts to reach out to its customers, which include emails, social-media interactions, newsletters, and direct conversations.
definition: 系统化协调多触点交互，常态化开展IT与客户的客户关系管理；统筹IT部门通过邮件、社交媒体、简报及面对面交流等方式主动触达客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.6
preferred label: 管理IT客户关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage LLMOps
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI and Intelligent Operations
definition: AI process: Manage LLMOps.
definition: AI 流程：管理大语言模型运维（LLMOps） @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.2
preferred label: 管理大语言模型运维（LLMOps） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Conduct and analyze IT compliance assessments
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.6
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: Evaluate and analyze the IT environment for the compliance of industry regulations and government legislation. Ensure that IT capability and resources meet the set standards.
definition: 评估与分析IT环境对行业监管要求及政府法律法规的合规性，确保IT能力与资源满足既定标准。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.6
preferred label: 开展并分析IT合规性评估 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and maintain business information architecture
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.4.2
broader: Manage information
definition: Creating strategies to manage the organization's information and content. Outline the architecture for information collection and communication. Administer information resources, data management and content.
definition: 制定组织信息与内容管理战略；规划信息采集与沟通架构；统筹信息资源、数据管理与内容管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.4.2
preferred label: 定义并维护业务信息架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage service/solution lifecycle planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.2
broader: Develop and manage services/solutions
definition: Executing life-cycle planning for IT services and solutions. Develop new requirements and feature-function enhancements. Create and design a life cycle plan that addresses the current and future state of IT services and solutions.
definition: 执行 IT 服务与解决方案的全生命周期规划；提出新需求与功能增强方案；制定兼顾当前与未来状态的生命周期计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.2
preferred label: 管理服务/解决方案生命周期规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Execute IT service/solution maintenance lifecycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.5.1
broader: Perform service/solution maintenance and testing
definition: Executing IT service/solution maintenance lifecycle in order to reduce maintenance costs and increase reliability of IT infrastructure concerning service/solution related problems.
definition: 执行IT服务/解决方案运维生命周期管理，以降低运维成本、提升IT基础设施在服务/解决方案相关问题上的可靠性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.5.1
preferred label: 执行IT服务/解决方案维护生命周期 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Define and establish service delivery strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.1
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Defining and establishing strategy for delivering IT services and solutions to the users. Design an IT service delivery model that defines the processes and procedures needed to deliver the IT services and solutions.
definition: 制定并确立面向 IT 服务与解决方案用户的交付策略；设计定义交付流程与规程的 IT 服务交付模型。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.1
preferred label: 定义并建立服务交付策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Incident Management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: ITIL:V5:Incident Management
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: ITIL V5 practice: Incident Management. Mapped to Create and manage support services/solutions.
definition: ITIL V5 实践：事件管理。映射至「构建与管理支持服务/解决方案」。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.13
preferred label: 事件管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage infrastructure resource planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.4
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Developing and managing the resources required for administration of infrastructure. Manage the IT inventory and assets to meet organization's IT resource capacity.
definition: 开发并管理基础设施运维所需资源；统筹管理 IT 资产与库存，满足组织 IT 资源容量需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.4
preferred label: 制定与管理基础设施资源规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform planning and management accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Determining different stages of the planning process and accounting. Classify, determine, analyze, interpret, and communicate information to make up-to-date business decisions for better management and control functions.
definition: 界定规划与会计各阶段，开展分类、判定、分析、解读与沟通，为提升管理与控制职能提供及时、可靠的业务决策支持 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1
preferred label: 开展规划与管理会计 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Perform planning/budgeting/forecasting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.2
broader: Perform planning and management accounting
definition: Allocating funds to meet future and current financial goals. Led by the chief financial officer, have the finance function plan, budget, and forecast in order to determine and describe long and short-term financial goals.
definition: 统筹资金配置以实现当前及未来的财务目标。由首席财务官牵头，组织财务职能开展规划、预算编制与财务预测，明确并阐述长期与短期财务目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.2
preferred label: 开展规划／预算／预测 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Invoice customer
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.2
broader: Perform revenue accounting
definition: Preparing detailed reports of customer purchases. Prepare a commercial document between the seller and customer with details about transaction. Detail the quantity purchased, price of products/services, date, parties involved, unique invoice number, and tax information.
definition: 编制客户采购明细报告。向客户开具商业发票，列明交易详情，包括采购数量、产品或服务价格、日期、交易双方、唯一发票编号及税务信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.2
preferred label: 向客户开具发票 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Process accounts receivable (AR)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.3
broader: Perform revenue accounting
definition: Processing payments due from customers. This includes all processing of funds received, whether by check or electronically. This does not include the generation of invoices.
definition: 处理客户应付账款，包括以支票或电子方式收到的所有资金处理；不包含发票开具。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.3
preferred label: 管理应收账款（AR） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform general accounting and reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Making statements about business activities and functions. Prepare financial statements (balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, and statement of stockholders' equity) according to accounting concepts and principles.
definition: 编制关于企业经营活动与职能的说明文件，依据会计概念与原则编制财务报表（资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表及股东权益变动表）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3
preferred label: 执行通用会计与报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage financial policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.1
broader: Perform general accounting and reporting
definition: Creating procedures to perform general accounting and reporting. Follow the rules and regulations made for a particular process in the business. Publish accounting policies.
definition: 制定通用会计与报告操作规程，遵照企业既定流程的规章制度执行，并对外发布会计政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.1
preferred label: 管理财务政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform capital project accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.4.2
broader: Manage fixed-asset project accounting
definition: Accounting for large-scale and large-cost investments. Manage and account for ongoing activities related to capital projects, including setting up new projects, recording project transactions, monitoring and tracking spending, closing and capitalizing projects, and measuring the financial returns on completed projects.
definition: 核算大规模、高成本投资。管理并核算资本性项目全过程财务活动，包括新项目立项、项目交易记账、支出监控与追踪、项目关账与资本化，以及已完成项目投资回报测算。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.4.2
preferred label: 开展资本项目会计核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Report time
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.1
broader: Process payroll
definition: Recording the reporting time of employees on-site. Track working days, salary calculations, holidays taken, number of hours spend in the office, billing hours, etc.
definition: 记录员工现场出勤工时。统计工作日、薪资计算依据、休假天数、办公室驻留时长、计费工时等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.1
preferred label: 工时申报 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage and process payroll taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.3
broader: Process payroll
definition: Deducting and paying taxes from employees' salaries.
definition: 代扣代缴员工个人所得税。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.3
preferred label: 管理与处理薪酬税 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Process expense reimbursements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.2
broader: Process accounts payable and expense reimbursements
definition: Processing reimbursements to employees for the expenses incurred during the course of business. Approve and process advancements and reimbursements for employee expenses on the organization's behalf. Capture and report relevant tax data and manage personal accounts.
definition: 处理员工因公产生的费用报销。代表组织审批及执行预支款与报销款项，同步采集报告相关税务数据，并管理员工个人账户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.2
preferred label: 处理费用报销 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage foreign exchange risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.3
broader: Monitor and execute risk and hedging transactions
definition: Taking care of foreign-exchange risks.
definition: 管理外汇风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.3
preferred label: 管理外汇风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute hedging transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5.5
broader: Monitor and execute risk and hedging transactions
definition: Implementing hedging strategy in attempt to alleviate risk. This will include all options, depravities, and futures contracts agreed upon in Develop risk management/hedging strategy [12974].
definition: 实施对冲策略以缓释风险，涵盖所有在‘制定风险管理/对冲策略 [12974]’中约定的期权、衍生品及期货合约。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5.5
preferred label: 执行套期保值交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Establish internal controls, policies, and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.8.1
broader: Manage internal controls
definition: Forming rules and regulations to ensure the achievement of effectiveness, proficiency of operations, and reliability of financial reporting.
definition: 制定规章制度，确保实现运营效率、效果及财务报告可靠性目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.8.1
preferred label: 建立健全内部控制、政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop Vision and Strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.0
definition: Establishing a direction and vision for an organization. This involves defining the business concept and long-term vision, as well as developing the business strategy and managing strategic initiatives. Processes in this category focus on creating a vision, a mission, and strategic objectives, and culminate in creating measures to ensure that the organization is moving in the desired direction.
definition: 为组织确立发展方向与远景。包括定义业务概念与长期愿景、制定业务战略及管理战略性举措。本类流程聚焦于构建组织愿景、使命与战略目标，并最终形成衡量机制，确保组织持续朝既定方向推进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.0
preferred label: 制定愿景与战略 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: operating
level: 1

Define the business concept and long-term vision
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1
broader: Develop Vision and Strategy
definition: Creating a conceptual framework of the organization's business activity and strategic vision with long-term applicability. Scout the organization's internal capabilities, as well as the customer's needs and desires, to identify a fit that can be used to advance a conceptual structure of the organization's business activity. Conduct analysis in light of relevant externalities and large-scale shifts in the market landscape.
definition: 构建具有长期适用性的组织业务活动与战略愿景的概念框架。审视组织内部能力，同时洞察客户需求与期望，识别契合点以支撑组织业务活动的概念化建构。结合相关外部环境因素及市场格局的重大变迁开展分析。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1
preferred label: 定义业务概念与长期愿景 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Assess the internal environment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.3
broader: Define the business concept and long-term vision
definition: Undertaking a review of the organization's in-house skills and resources in order to create a big-picture understanding of internal capacities. Assess the organization's capabilities in order to advance the advantageous and weed out the detrimental aspects. Identify synergic associations within the backdrop of the forces and players active in the market, and take into account all externalities.
definition: 系统梳理组织内部技能与资源，形成对组织内在能力的全局性认知；评估组织各项能力，以强化优势、消除短板；在市场活跃力量与参与主体背景下识别协同关系，并统筹考量全部外部影响因素。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.3
preferred label: 评估内部环境 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage Enterprise Risk, Compliance, Remediation, and Resiliency
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.0
definition: Ensuring that an organization effectively manages its risk. Process groups are aligned with traditional risk management activities.
definition: 确保组织有效管理企业风险，各流程组对应传统风险管理活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.0
preferred label: 管理企业风险、合规、整改与韧性 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: management_support
level: 1

Manage remediation efforts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.3
broader: Manage Enterprise Risk, Compliance, Remediation, and Resiliency
definition: Administering the efforts and activities for remediation. This process element requires the organization to create plans for corrective action in collaboration with government agencies and pertinent professional services agencies which specialize in remediation efforts relevant to the organization's operations. Additionally, the organization needs to consult experts to validate the plan, determine resources allocation, resolve any legal concerns, and formulate a company-wide policy for remediation.
definition: 统筹整改工作与行动。该流程要求组织协同政府机构及相关专业服务机构（专精于本组织业务领域的整改事务），制定纠正行动计划；同时需咨询专家，对计划进行验证、确定资源分配方案、解决法律疑点，并制定覆盖全公司的整改政策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.3
preferred label: 管理整改工作 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage government relations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.2.1
broader: Manage government and industry relationships
definition: Persuading public and government policy at the local, regional, national, and global level (subject to government regulations).
definition: 在地方、区域、国家及全球层面影响公共政策与政府决策（须遵守政府监管规定）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.2.1
preferred label: 管理政府关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage outside counsel
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4.5
broader: Manage legal and ethical issues
definition: Managing professionals, sought externally for assistance over legal and ethical concerns. Administer and oversee assistance from subject matter experts and professionals for sourcing expert opinion and counseling over legal and ethical matters.
definition: 聘请外部专业人士，就法律与伦理问题提供咨询支持；统筹并监督来自领域专家及专业人员的意见征询与咨询服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4.5
preferred label: 管理外部法律顾问 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3
broader: Manage portfolio, program, and project
definition: Establishing the scope of the projects. Create plans for implementing the projects. Initiate projects. Review and report project performance to management. Close projects.
definition: 界定项目范围；制定项目实施计划；启动项目；向管理层评审并汇报项目绩效；收尾项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3
preferred label: 管理项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Establish project scope
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.1
broader: Manage projects
definition: Establishing the horizons of business projects. Identify the objectives of the program, along with the resource requirements. Assess the readiness for the project management approach. Identify methodologies for project management. Obtain funding. Develop performance measures and indicators.
definition: 明确业务项目边界：识别项目所属组合的目标及资源需求；评估组织项目管理方法的适用性与准备度；甄选适用的项目管理方法论；落实项目资金；制定绩效衡量措施与指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.1
preferred label: 确立项目范围 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Implement and maintain the enterprise quality management system (EQMS)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4
broader: Manage enterprise quality
definition: Establishing and administering the software that manages content and business processes for quality and compliance across the value chain. Define the quality strategy. Plan and deploy the EQMS scope, targets, and goals. Identify core process controls and metric. Develop EQMS governance. Assess the performance of EQMS. Encourage improvements in EQMS.
definition: 建立并运维覆盖价值链的质量与合规内容及业务流程管理软件：定义质量战略；规划并部署企业质量管理体系（EQMS）的范围、目标与指标；识别核心流程控制点与度量指标；构建EQMS治理机制；评估EQMS运行绩效；推动EQMS持续改进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4
preferred label: 实施并维护企业质量管理体系（EQMS） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create environment and capability for EQMS improvement(s)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.3.4.6
broader: Implement and maintain the enterprise quality management system (EQMS)
definition: Rewarding excellence in quality. Create and maintain quality partnerships. Maintain talent capabilities and competencies. Incorporate EQMS messaging into communication channels. Transfer proven EQMS methods. Consider factors such as EQMS reviews and gap assessments and the alignment and compatibility of business processes and quality. Adopt Lean principles.
definition: 表彰质量卓越表现；构建并维系质量合作伙伴关系；夯实人才能力与胜任力；将EQMS理念融入组织各沟通渠道；推广已验证的EQMS方法；统筹考虑EQMS评审与差距评估，以及业务流程与质量体系的协同性与兼容性；贯彻精益（Lean）原则。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.3.4.6
preferred label: 构建支持企业质量管理体系（EQMS）持续改进的环境与能力 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage content infrastructure
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.4
broader: Manage Content
definition: Managing the systems, tools, and repositories that support content storage, access, administration, and control across the content lifecycle. Consider AI supported content services (e.g., auto classification, semantic enrichment, embeddings stores, and knowledge graph infrastructure).
definition: 管理支撑内容全生命周期存储、访问、管理与控制的系统、工具与知识库；考虑人工智能（AI）赋能的内容服务（如自动分类、语义增强、嵌入式存储、知识图谱基础设施）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.4
preferred label: 管理内容基础设施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Monitor and manage EHS program
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.9.3
broader: Manage Environmental Health and Safety (EHS)
definition: Managing the performance, costs and benefits of EHS. Measure and report the performance of EHS. Implement plans for emergency response and pollution prevention. Train and educate employees. Provide EHS support.
definition: 管理环境、健康与安全（EHS）的绩效、成本与收益；测量并报告EHS绩效；实施应急响应与污染预防计划；开展员工培训与教育；提供EHS支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.9.3
preferred label: 监控与管理环境、健康与安全（EHS）计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage product and service portfolio
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.1
broader: Govern and manage product/service development program
definition: Managing a portfolio of product/service offerings to take advantage of shifts in the market expectations, all the while coordinating with the overall business strategy. Revisit the product/service portfolio in light of market opportunities, and overhaul it to capture value created by these opportunities. Identify gaps between current offerings and the market expectations to direct the organization's R&D activity. Create new solutions, and revise or retire existing ones so that the revamped portfolio aligns with Develop a business strategy [10015].
definition: 管理产品/服务组合，主动把握市场预期变化，并与整体业务战略协同；结合市场机遇重新审视组合，重构以捕获新增价值；识别当前供给与市场预期间的差距，引导组织R&D投入方向；开发新解决方案，迭代或淘汰现有方案，确保优化后的组合契合“制定业务战略”[10015]。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.1
preferred label: 管理产品与服务组合 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Design products/services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1.8
broader: Design and prototype products and services
definition: Creating a sketch of the customer focused product/service in Develop and Manage Products and Services [10003].
definition: 在“开发与管理产品和服务[10003]”流程中，绘制以客户为中心的产品/服务草图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1.8
preferred label: 开展产品/服务设计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Market and Sell Products and Services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.0
definition: Outlining process groups related to understanding markets, customers, and capabilities; developing marketing strategies; executing marketing plans; developing sales strategies; developing and managing marketing plans; and managing sales partners and alliances.
definition: 界定与市场与客户洞察、能力评估、营销策略制定、营销计划执行、销售策略制定、营销计划开发与管理、销售伙伴及联盟管理相关的流程组。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.0
preferred label: 市场推广与销售产品和服务 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: operating
level: 1

Perform customer and market intelligence analysis
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.1.1
broader: Understand markets, customers, and capabilities
definition: Gathering intelligence on the market and customers. Closely examine the inherent attributes and collective behavior of the various market and customer segments. Track trends in the market. Determine what drives the customers to make purchasing decisions in order to identify opportunities in the market.
definition: 开展市场与客户情报采集。深入分析各类市场与客户细分的内在属性及群体行为特征；追踪市场趋势；探究驱动客户购买决策的关键因素，以识别潜在市场机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.1.1
preferred label: 开展客户与市场情报分析 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Establish overall sales budgets
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.3
broader: Develop sales strategy
definition: Setting up a financial plan for the sales function. Calculate the estimated sales revenue and costs, which helps in calculating the overall net profit. Create a sound plan for resource outlay by comparing the forecast with historical data.
definition: 为销售职能编制财务计划：测算预计销售收入与成本，支撑净收益核算；结合历史数据比对预测结果，制定科学合理的资源投入方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.3
preferred label: 制定整体销售预算 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Create materials plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.3
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Developing a scheme that allows for advance planning for the availability of raw materials and spares. Start with an unconstrained plan, and refine based on supply chain realities by identifying critical materials required for production, checking material specifications, and collaborating with all vendors over the supply.
definition: 制定原材料与备件的前置供应规划：先制定无约束计划，再结合供应链实际，识别关键生产物料、核查物料规格，并协同全链供应商优化完善。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.3
preferred label: 制定物料计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Produce/Assemble product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.2
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: Manufacturing the product. Convert the raw materials to develop consumer-ready products. Manage the raw materials to implement the detailed production schedule. Reproduce defectives to establish and remediate cause. Ensure production optimization and benchmark performance.
definition: 产品制造：将原材料转化为面向消费者的成品；依据详细生产排程管理原材料；复现缺陷品以定位并整改根本原因；确保生产优化并开展绩效对标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.2
preferred label: 生产／装配产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Perform quality testing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.3
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: Executing tests to evaluate the quality of the products manufactured. Calibrate the test equipment. Conduct the actual tests. Record the results and outcomes of the quality test conducted.
definition: 执行产品质量检验：校准检测设备；开展实际测试；记录并归档质检结果与结论。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.3
preferred label: 执行质量检测 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Transform Make-to-Stock
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: SCOR:DS14:sT1
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: SCOR DS 14.0: Transform Make-to-Stock (sT1).
definition: SCOR DS 14.0：转型按库存生产（sT1）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.5
preferred label: 执行按库存生产（Make-to-Stock）转型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Create and manage resource plan
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.2
broader: Manage service delivery resources
definition: Identifying the need for and creating a resource plan. Understand resource demand and align with capacity, skills, and capabilities. Enlist suppliers and partners to supplement needed skills and capabilities. Monitor and manage capabilities and skills with an eye on critical resources and supplier capacity.
definition: 识别资源缺口并制定资源计划；统筹资源需求与容量、技能及业务能力；引入供应商与合作伙伴弥补能力短板；持续监控关键资源及供应商承载能力。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.2
preferred label: 制定并管理资源计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage and Operate Service Delivery System
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.3
broader: Deliver Services
definition: Managing and operating the systems, resources, and processes used to deliver services to customers, including planning, startup, ongoing operations, and service assurance.
definition: 统筹管理服务交付所依赖的系统、资源与流程，涵盖规划、启动、日常运营及服务保障全过程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.3
preferred label: 管理与运行服务交付系统 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage Customer Service
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.0
definition: Managing interactions with current customers after the delivery of products and services. This includes developing and planning customer service practices with a focus on handling inquiries after sales, feedback, warranties, recalls, and other related processes.
definition: 在产品和服务交付后，持续管理与现有客户的互动关系，包括制定与规划客户服务实践，重点覆盖售后咨询、客户反馈、保修、召回及其他相关流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.0
preferred label: 管理客户服务 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: operating
level: 1

Plan and manage customer service contacts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2
broader: Manage Customer Service
definition: Planning and administering workforce operations for customer service provision by taking care of customer services requests/inquiries, as well as the complaints.
definition: 统筹规划与执行客户服务人力运营，高效响应客户咨询、请求及投诉。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2
preferred label: 规划与管理客户服务接触 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage customer service problems, requests, and inquiries
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.2.2
broader: Plan and manage customer service contacts
definition: Handling the requests and inquiries from customers that seek information regarding the organization's products/services. Obtain the customer requests online and by phone. Direct these requests to higher-level representatives. Approve requests, and respond to customers.
definition: 受理客户关于组织产品与服务的信息咨询请求：通过线上与电话渠道接收请求，按需升级至高阶支持人员；完成审批并及时响应客户。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.2.2
preferred label: 管理客户服务问题、请求与咨询 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage product recalls and regulatory audits
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.4
broader: Manage Customer Service
definition: Removing defective products from the distribution chain. Participate in audits from watchdog agencies.
definition: 从分销链中撤回缺陷产品；配合监管机构开展审计。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.4
preferred label: 管理产品召回与监管审计 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Recruit/Source candidates
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.2
broader: Recruit, source, and select employees
definition: Recruiting new candidates for deployment across various functional areas inside the organization. Select methods for sourcing new employees. Manage relationships with third-party agencies. Stage recruitment fairs and drives. Manage employee referral programs.
definition: 面向组织内各职能领域开展人才招募与部署：选择多元化招聘方式；管理第三方机构合作关系；组织校园招聘、专场宣讲会、招聘会等活动；运营员工内推计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.2
preferred label: 候选人招聘与寻源 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

AI and Intelligent Operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: AI-era process group: AI and Intelligent Operations.
definition: AI 时代流程组：人工智能与智能运维 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10
preferred label: 人工智能与智能运维（AIOps） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage MLOps Lifecycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: oprocess:ai-era
broader: AI and Intelligent Operations
definition: AI process: Manage MLOps Lifecycle.
definition: AI 流程：管理机器学习运维（MLOps）生命周期 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.10.1
preferred label: 管理机器学习运维（MLOps）生命周期 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define business technology and governance strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.1
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: Defining the need of technology in business and systematic implementation of IT investments. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). It comprises of assessing competitive technology components to ensure structural analysis, development, usage and security of technology for efficient business operations.
definition: 明确业务对技术的需求，系统化实施IT投资，涵盖人工智能（AI）等新兴与演进技术；通过竞争性技术组件评估，保障技术在结构分析、开发、应用及安全等方面的高效支撑业务运营。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.1
preferred label: 制定业务技术与治理战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage IT portfolio strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.2
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: Strategy for systematic management of IT investments, projects, and activities. Analyze and examine the value of the IT portfolio and allocate resources based on business objectives.
definition: 制定IT投资、项目与活动的系统化管理策略；分析评估IT投资组合价值，并依据业务目标统筹资源配置。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.2
preferred label: 管理IT投资组合战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and execute IT resilience and continuity operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.7
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: Create and execute a process to rapidly adapt and respond to any internal or external opportunity, demand, disruption, or threat in IT. Maintain continuous IT operations to protect employees, assets, and overall brand equity.
definition: 建立并执行快速适应与响应IT领域内外部机遇、需求、中断或威胁的流程；持续保障IT运营，以保护员工、资产及整体品牌价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.7
preferred label: 制定并执行IT韧性与连续性运营 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage service/solution deployment strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.1
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: Creating and implementing a strategy for the deployment of IT service/solution. Define all of the activities that make the IT function available for use. Establish the change policies for IT services and solutions. Define the deployment process, procedures, and tools. Select the most feasible and practical methodologies for the deployment process.
definition: 制定并落实IT服务/解决方案部署策略；明确定义使IT功能可投入使用的全部活动；建立IT服务与解决方案变更政策；界定部署流程、规程与工具；选择最可行、最实用的部署方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.1
preferred label: 制定并管理服务/解决方案部署策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and develop service support strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.2
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Defining and creating a strategy for provision of support to users of IT services and solutions.
definition: 制定并构建面向 IT 服务与解决方案用户的支撑服务策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.2
preferred label: 定义并开发服务支持策略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Plan operational activities for IT service delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.3.1
broader: Plan and manage service delivery control
definition: Planning different delivery services for operational activities within the IT function. Use service delivery systems to manage the IT service delivery services.
definition: 规划 IT 部门内运营活动所需的服务交付；利用服务交付系统管理 IT 服务交付工作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.3.1
preferred label: 规划IT服务交付的运营活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage infrastructure resource administration
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.7
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Managing the resources required for administration of IT infrastructure. Manage the IT inventory and assets. Take care of the organization's IT resource capacity.
definition: 统筹管理IT基础设施行政资源；开展IT资产与库存管理；保障组织IT资源容量供给。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.7
preferred label: 管理基础设施资源配置 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Operate IT user support
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.8
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Managing systematic user support functionality and capability through defined procedures. Determine, record, and monitor user requests. Execute issue/request resolution. Utilize escalation path when needed. Resolve issue/request.
definition: 通过标准化流程，系统化管理用户支持功能与能力；受理、记录并监控用户请求；执行问题/请求解决；必要时启用升级路径；闭环解决用户问题/请求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.8
preferred label: 运营IT用户支持 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform cost accounting and control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.3
broader: Perform planning and management accounting
definition: Defining costs to be incurred and methods for optimum utilization. Determine the costs of products, processes, projects, etc. to compile in the financial statements, as well as to assist management in making decisions regarding planning and control. Control costs by managing and reducing business expenses.
definition: 界定各项成本发生范围及最优利用方式。确定产品、流程、项目等的成本，用于编制财务报表，并支持管理层在规划与控制方面的决策；通过管控与削减经营费用实现成本控制。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.3
preferred label: 开展成本核算与控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform revenue accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Comparing revenue targets to reality. Review all transactions and entries passed in final accounts in a year in order to examine profits.
definition: 比对实际收入与目标收入。全面复核年度终账中所有交易与记账凭证，以检验盈利情况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2
preferred label: 开展收入核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage and process adjustments/deductions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.5
broader: Perform revenue accounting
definition: Creating and providing funds for necessary adjustments and deductions, including all expenses that were required for the business at certain point in time.
definition: 设立并拨付必要调整与扣减所需资金，涵盖企业在特定时点所发生的全部经营性支出。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.5
preferred label: 管理与处理账务调整/扣减项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage corporate credit cards
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.3
broader: Process accounts payable and expense reimbursements
definition: Handling and authoring credit cards to business entities or for corporate purchases.
definition: 为企业实体或公务采购配发及管理信用卡。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.3
preferred label: 管理企业信用卡 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage treasury operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Managing business's investments in trading in bonds, currencies, financial derivatives, etc. Manage the financial assets and holdings of the organization. Optimize the organization's liquidity. Invest excess cash. Reduce financial risks.
definition: 管理企业对债券、外汇、金融衍生品等交易的投资；管理组织的金融资产与持仓；优化组织流动性；投资闲置资金；降低财务风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7
preferred label: 管理资金运营 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Monitor and execute risk and hedging transactions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.5
broader: Manage treasury operations
definition: Performing transactions that limit investment risk with the help of derivatives, such as options and futures contracts. Manage interest rates, foreign exchange, and exposure risks. Develop and execute hedging transactions. Evaluate and refine hedging positions. Produce hedge accounting transactions and reports. Monitor credit.
definition: 运用期权、期货合约等衍生工具开展交易，以限制投资风险；管理利率风险、外汇风险及风险敞口；制定并执行套期保值策略；评估与优化套期头寸；生成套期会计分录与报告；持续监控信用风险。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.5
preferred label: 监控与执行风险及套期保值交易 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Set/Develop long-term enterprise strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.3
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Developing a strategy for the achievement of business goals over the distant future. Adopt one of the strategic options for realizing its mission over the long term. Enlist senior management executives, comprising strategy and/or business unit personnel.
definition: 制定面向远期的业务目标实现战略。选定一项长期使命实现路径作为组织战略方向；由高管层（含战略与业务单元负责人）共同制定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.3
preferred label: 制定/设定企业长期战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Design customer experience
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.8.2
broader: Develop customer experience strategy
definition: Creating a design of how customers interact with the business by analyzing data captured through various customer interaction and customer involvement. These will be captured through various channels such as customer satisfaction surveys, feedback forms, product reviews, targeted studies, observational studies, or voice of customer research.
definition: 通过分析多渠道采集的客户互动与参与数据，设计客户与企业的交互模式；数据来源包括客户满意度调查、反馈表单、产品评论、定向研究、观察研究及客户之声（VoC）研究等。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.8.2
preferred label: 设计客户体验 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop and measure strategic initiatives
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.3
broader: Develop Vision and Strategy
definition: Managing strategic initiatives, from development through selection, execution, and evaluation. Conduct and oversee strategic projects supporting long-term objectives. Administer programs of strategic significance by developing such initiatives, select the most appropriate projects, and formulate measures to assess their impact.
definition: 统筹战略举措的全生命周期管理，涵盖开发、遴选、执行与评估；主导支撑长期目标的战略项目；通过策划战略级项目、优选关键项目、制定影响评估机制，统筹实施具有战略意义的项目组合。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.3
preferred label: 制定与衡量战略举措 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Plan asset maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.1
broader: Maintain assets
definition: Ensuring that necessary resources are available and tasks are prioritized accordingly through planning. Provide strategies and policies that identify tasks that need to be completed, and the resources necessary to fulfill those tasks.
definition: 通过科学规划，确保维护所需资源到位并合理排序任务优先级；制定策略与政策，明确待执行任务清单及对应资源需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.1
preferred label: 规划资产维护 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage asset maintenance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.3.2
broader: Maintain assets
definition: Ensuring that asset maintenance is conducted in a timely manner and successfully. Schedule work with the required resources with an eye on quality control and safety. Verify that contracted maintenance meets performance targets.
definition: 保障资产维护作业及时、高质量完成；统筹调度资源，兼顾质量控制与作业安全；验证外包维护服务是否达成约定绩效指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.3.2
preferred label: 管理资产维护作业 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage business unit and function risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.3
broader: Manage enterprise risk
definition: Analyzing the threats a business unit/function faces to prioritize the controls it implements..
definition: 分析业务单元/职能面临的风险，以确定控制措施的优先级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.3
preferred label: 管理业务单元与职能风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage External Relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.0
definition: Fostering external relationships with stakeholders of the entity, including investors, government and industry, the board of directors, and the general public. This is not related to customer management.
definition: 构建并维系与企业外部利益相关方的关系，包括投资者、政府与行业机构、董事会及社会公众（不涉及客户管理）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.0
preferred label: 管理外部关系 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: management_support
level: 1

Develop project plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.3
broader: Manage projects
definition: Defining the resources and their roles. Identify IT requirements. Create plans for effective training and communication. Design reward approaches. Plan the launch of project. Deploy the project.
definition: 界定资源及其角色：识别信息技术（IT）需求；制定高效培训与沟通计划；设计激励机制；规划项目启动；部署项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.3
preferred label: 制定项目计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Execute projects
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.2.3.4
broader: Manage projects
definition: Implementing the business projects of the organization. Evaluate the impact of project management. Record and report the status of the project. Manage the project scope. Promote and sustain activities and involvement. Realign and revamp the project management strategy and approach.
definition: 实施组织业务项目：评估项目管理成效；记录并报告项目状态；管控项目范围；促进并维系各方参与和行动；动态调整与优化项目管理策略与方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.2.3.4
preferred label: 执行项目 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Manage Content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Storing, managing, curating and delivering enterprise content and knowledge assets to enable consistent reuse and informed decision making. Establish structures and governance that support classification, semantic enrichment, and lifecycle management of content across formats and repositories. This includes all forms of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning assisted tagging, automated classification, and semantic content processing.
definition: 企业内容与知识资产的存储、管理、策展与交付，以支持一致复用和科学决策；建立支撑内容分类、语义增强及跨格式、跨库全生命周期管理的结构与治理机制；涵盖人工智能（AI）、机器学习辅助打标、自动分类、语义内容处理等新兴技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6
preferred label: 内容管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Conduct post launch review
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.2.5
broader: Manage product and service life cycle
definition: Learning from either a test or a full production run within the consumer market. Companies use this as an opportunity to both test and react to new products, ideas, or innovations based on the initial reaction of consumers on an individual level. Within this process, analytics are used to determine the relative success of a new product offering. Within this process, companies will launch key analytics to test a products acceptance. They will also review market performance and compare to similar products and against the business case or the financial plan. Companies can also measure the effectiveness of their supply chain network, and can apply what is learned from the post launch review to other new products, processes, and procedures to ensure and enhance the product quality.
definition: 基于消费者市场的试运行或全量投产开展复盘学习。企业借此机会，依据个体消费者的初步反馈，对新产品、创意或创新进行测试与响应；运用分析工具评估新解决方案的相对成功度；启动关键分析手段检验市场接受度；比对实际市场表现与同类产品、商业案例或财务计划；评估供应链网络效能；并将上市后复盘所得经验，应用于其他新产品、流程与制度优化，持续提升产品质量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.2.5
preferred label: 开展上市后评审 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop marketing strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2
broader: Market and Sell Products and Services
definition: Charting a strategic course for marketing products/services. This will include defining the value proposition, creating a mechanism for pricing, and determining the right mix of marketing channels. Create a specific positioning and branding for the organization's offerings. Enlist marketing head to lead, with inputs from the business development and sales functions.
definition: 制定产品/服务的市场营销战略路径，包括定义价值主张、构建定价机制、确定最优营销渠道组合；明确组织产品的定位与品牌策略；由市场负责人牵头，协同业务拓展与销售部门共同推进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2
preferred label: 制定营销策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage sales orders
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Taking, receiving, processing, and acknowledging new customer orders or amendments to outstanding customer orders. Monitoring status from order receipt to customer delivery/customer invoicing.
definition: 接收、处理并确认新客户订单，或处理现有客户订单的变更；全程监控订单状态，从接单至客户交付或开票 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4
preferred label: 销售订单管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage demand for products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.2
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Forecasting demand for products using secondary research and customer feedback. Refine these forecasts. Inspect the approach used in creating forecasts, and determine its accuracy.
definition: 基于二手研究与客户反馈开展产品需求预测；持续优化预测结果；审查预测方法并评估其准确性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.2
preferred label: 管理产品需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Order materials and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.4
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: Creating and approving requisitions and distributing purchase orders accordingly. Hasten the procurement process to satisfy internal needs.
definition: 创建并审批请购单，据此下达采购订单；加速采购流程以满足内部需求。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.4
preferred label: 下达物料与服务订单 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Schedule production
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3.1
broader: Produce/Assemble/Test product
definition: Scheduling the production of final products. Generate a detailed schedule plan. Create and release production orders and lots. Schedule the planned and unplanned maintenance orders.
definition: 最终产品生产排程：生成详细排程计划；创建并下达生产工单与批次；统筹计划性与非计划性设备维护工单排程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3.1
preferred label: 制定生产计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Provide logistics governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.1
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: Outlining the strategy for managing logistics. Translate customer requirements logistic requirements. Create an efficient logistic network and outsourcing portions of logistics activities. Design a logistics strategy that optimizes transportation costs and schedule. Define key performance indicators.
definition: 制定物流管理战略。将客户需求转化为物流需求；构建高效物流网络，外包部分物流职能；设计兼顾运输成本与交付时效的物流策略；定义关键绩效指标（KPI）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.1
preferred label: 提供物流治理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop service delivery strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.1.2
broader: Establish service delivery governance and strategies
definition: Constructing strategies that identify goals, policies, processes, and procedures in relation to service delivery. Review and validate strategies. Define the workplace layout and infrastructure.
definition: 制定服务交付相关目标、政策、流程与规程策略，并开展评审与验证；明确工作场所布局与基础设施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.1.2
preferred label: 制定服务交付战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Enable service delivery resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.3
broader: Manage service delivery resources
definition: Instituting training to enable resources to provide service delivery to the customer. Develop a training plan. Create materials that provide for operation and technical training. Schedule, perform, and evaluate training.
definition: 实施培训赋能，提升资源服务交付能力；制定培训计划；开发运营与技术类培训材料；统筹安排、执行并评估培训效果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.3
preferred label: 赋能服务交付资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Initiate service delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.1
broader: Deliver service to customer
definition: Collaborating with the customer to understand service needs. Review, understand, and modify the delivery scope with the organization needs of the customer in mind. Confirm readiness and identify, select, and assign resources. Plan for service delivery.
definition: 协同客户明确服务需求；结合客户组织目标，评审、理解并优化交付范围；确认就绪状态，识别、遴选并指派资源；制定服务交付计划。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.1
preferred label: 启动服务交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Execute service delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.2
broader: Deliver service to customer
definition: Carrying out service delivery to the customer by creating and deploying the necessary solution. Analyze need and create a solution. Validate the solution and make changes if needed. Obtain approval to build/buy solution and then deploy solution to customer.
definition: 通过构建与部署必要解决方案开展客户服务交付：分析需求、设计解决方案、验证方案有效性并按需优化；获取建设/采购方案的审批后，向客户部署解决方案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.2
preferred label: 执行服务交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Complete service delivery
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.4.3
broader: Deliver service to customer
definition: Implementing final steps to complete service delivery to the customer. Evaluate success through project review, complete finance activities, and confirm delivery. Release resources and manage completion by harvesting knowledge and systems by archiving records.
definition: 执行服务交付收尾工作：通过项目复盘评估成效、完成财务结算、确认交付完成；释放资源，并通过归档记录、知识沉淀与系统固化实现闭环管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.4.3
preferred label: 完成服务交付 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop customer service strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.1
broader: Manage Customer Service
definition: Defining a plan that removes customer obstacles by gathering operational insight and competitive insight, as well as improving soft skills and forward resolution for employees. Develop customer segmentation. Define rules and regulations for customer service. Establish service levels for customers.
definition: 制定消除客户障碍的客户服务规划：整合运营洞察与竞争洞察，提升员工软技能与前置问题解决能力；开展客户分群；明确客户服务规则与规范；设定差异化服务等级。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.1
preferred label: 制定客户服务战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage employee requisitions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.2.1
broader: Recruit, source, and select employees
definition: Handling the requirements for new employees. Create and open job requisitions by clearly defining the job descriptions. Post these requirements internally and externally, and modify them as appropriate. Manage the dates of the whole requisition process.
definition: 管理新员工需求：明确定义岗位职责，创建并发布职位申请；内外部同步发布需求，并依实际情况动态调整；全程管控职位申请流程时间节点。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.2.1
preferred label: 管理员工岗位需求申请 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and train employees
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.3.4
broader: Manage employee onboarding, training, and development
definition: Establish organizational development needs for employees. Creating a link between employee and organizational development needs.
definition: 识别组织层面的员工发展需求；建立员工发展需求与组织发展需求之间的协同关联。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.3.4
preferred label: 员工培养与培训 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage IT service levels
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.5
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: Establishing and maintaining service levels for the provision of IT services and solutions. Design and maintain the IT services and solution catalogue, as well as service level agreements. Evaluate the performance of IT service level agreements. Communicate the results to the management.
definition: 建立并维护信息技术（IT）服务与解决方案的服务水平；设计和维护IT服务与解决方案目录及服务水平协议（SLA）；评估IT服务水平协议执行绩效，并向管理层通报结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.5
preferred label: 制定并管理IT服务级别 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define IT service management strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.4
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: Defining perspective, position, plans, and patterns needed to execute designing, delivering, managing, and improving the way information technology is used within an organization.
definition: 明确视角、定位、计划与模式，以支撑组织内信息技术应用的设计、交付、管理与持续改进。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.4
preferred label: 定义IT服务管理战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and manage technology innovation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.7
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: Outline and manage the innovation of technology within the organization. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Research and understand emerging future technological concepts and capabilities. Plan for IT innovation investments. Plan and execute viable innovation projects.
definition: 规划并管理组织内部的技术创新，涵盖人工智能（AI）等所有新型与演进中的技术；研究并理解未来新兴技术概念与能力；规划IT创新投资；策划并执行可行的创新项目。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.7
preferred label: 定义并管理技术创新 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage IT security, privacy, and data protection
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.5
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: Creating and deploying an architecture for securing and ensuring the privacy of data flows throughout the organization. Develop and implement protocols and policies to protect IT and OT environments, aligned with global standards. Incorporate modern security paradigms, such as Zero Trust Architecture, to ensure the safe use of IT services and solutions.
definition: 构建并部署端到端数据流安全与隐私保护架构；制定并实施保护IT与OT环境的协议和政策，符合全球标准；融入零信任架构（Zero Trust Architecture）等现代安全范式，保障IT服务与解决方案的安全使用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.5
preferred label: 制定并管理IT安全、隐私与数据保护 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage services/solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: Designing and maintaining the IT services/solutions catalogue. Evaluate the performance of IT services/solutions. Communicate the results to the management.
definition: 设计并维护 IT 服务/解决方案目录；评估 IT 服务/解决方案绩效；向管理层汇报结果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5
preferred label: 开发与管理服务/解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Develop service/solution and integration strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.1
broader: Develop and manage services/solutions
definition: Developing service/solution along with creating a strategy that provides a base for delivering service/solution aligned with overall business needs. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Conduct research within the services/solutions field for development and integration.
definition: 开发 IT 服务/解决方案，并制定支撑其交付的战略，确保与整体业务需求对齐；涵盖人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术；开展服务/解决方案领域的研发与集成研究。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.1
preferred label: 制定服务/解决方案及集成战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Execute IT service/solution development lifecycle
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.4.1
broader: Execute IT service/solution creation and testing
definition: Executing an information system, aiming to produce a high quality system that meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches completion within time and cost estimates, and is inexpensive to maintain and cost-effective to enhance.
definition: 实施信息系统，目标是交付高质量系统：满足或超越客户期望、按时按预算完成、易于维护且增强成本可控。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.4.1
preferred label: 执行IT服务/解决方案开发生命周期 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 4

Plan service and solution implementation
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.2
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: Strategizing and executing changes in IT solutions and services. Create a plan for deploying the changes. Communicate with stakeholders about the changes. Administer and implement the changes. Train the resources who will be affected by these changes. Install changes and verify their effect.
definition: IT解决方案与服务的变更规划与执行：制定变更部署计划；向相关方沟通变更内容；管理并实施变更；对受变更影响的人员开展培训；安装变更并验证其效果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.2
preferred label: 规划服务与解决方案实施 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage change deployment control
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.3
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: Creating and deploying an architecture for securing the changes deployed in the organization. Create and develop protocols that ensure proper and efficient use of deployed IT services and solutions. Test, evaluate, and implement the policies and protocols.
definition: 构建并部署保障已实施变更安全性的架构；制定并完善确保IT服务与解决方案高效、合规使用的规程；对政策与规程开展测试、评估与落地实施。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.3
preferred label: 管理变更与发布部署控制 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform service and solution rollout
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.5
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: Strategizing and executing changes in IT solutions and services. Create a plan for deploying the changes. Communicate with stakeholders about the changes. Administer and implement the changes. Train the resources who will be affected by these changes. Install changes and verify their effect.
definition: IT解决方案与服务的变更规划与执行：制定变更部署计划；向相关方沟通变更内容；管理并实施变更；对受变更影响的人员开展培训；安装变更并验证其效果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.5
preferred label: 开展服务与解决方案上线 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Evaluate and manage financial performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.1.5
broader: Perform planning and management accounting
definition: Checking and achieving predetermined financial targets and timelines. Assess and manage the profitability, feasibility, and consistency of a business or project. Study the revenues generated.
definition: 核查并达成既定财务目标与时间节点。评估与管理业务或项目的盈利能力、可行性与持续性，并分析收入构成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.1.5
preferred label: 评估与管理财务绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Process customer credit
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.1
broader: Perform revenue accounting
definition: Evaluating and processing requests for advances. Evaluate credit requests by customers requiring loans to buy products/services.
definition: 审核与处理预付款申请。评估客户为采购产品或服务而提出的信贷申请。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.1
preferred label: 处理客户信用管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage and process collections
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.2.4
broader: Perform revenue accounting
definition: Posting entries to respective accounts, and preparing accounts for receivables. Manage the cash collected by the business from its debtors. Record it in the books of accounts to provide clear information about the availability of the cash.
definition: 将会计分录过账至对应账户，建立并管理应收账款明细账；统筹管理企业从债务人处收回的现金，并在账簿中准确记录，以清晰反映现金可用状况。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.2.4
preferred label: 管理与处理催收 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage in-house bank accounts
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.3
broader: Manage treasury operations
definition: Managing financial services provided by an in-house bank structure in the corporation that is operating like a commercial bank.
definition: 管理集团内部银行架构所提供的金融服务，该架构按商业银行模式运作。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.3
preferred label: 管理内部银行账户 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Process taxes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.9.2
broader: Manage taxes
definition: Processing the taxes of the organization in line with the regional taxation structure, including corporate, property, excise, and service taxes.
definition: 依据区域税收体系处理组织各项税款，包括企业所得税、房产税、消费税及服务税。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.9.2
preferred label: 处理税务事项 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create organizational design
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.5
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Formulating a design for the organization's resources that allow it to meet its objectives. Develop a new framework for molding the organization's various processes into a coherent and seamless whole.
definition: 设计组织资源配置方案，确保目标达成；构建新型框架，将组织各项流程整合为协调、无缝的整体。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.5
preferred label: 设计组织架构 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Perform waste and hazardous goods management
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4.11
broader: Manage asset end-of-life
definition: Planning and performing waste and hazardous goods management. In compliance with all legal, regulatory, and social/environmental requirements, plan, document, and conduct hazardous material handling, disposal, and reporting.
definition: 规划、执行并追踪废弃物及危险品管理，严格遵循法律、法规及社会责任与生态环境要求，落实危险物质的全过程管理、记录、处置与报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4.11
preferred label: 开展废弃物及危险品管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define content management strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.1
broader: Manage Content
definition: Establishing a foundational plan that guides how an organization manages its content through the content lifecycle. Outlining the strategy for organizing, delivering, and facilitating access to enterprise content.
definition: 制定指导企业内容全生命周期管理的基础性规划，明确内容组织、交付与访问支持策略。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.1
preferred label: 制定内容管理战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage content
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.6.5
broader: Manage Content
definition: Creating, acquiring, refining, and maintaining content to ensure it is accurate, relevant, consistent, and aligned with organizational standards and intended use. This includes leveraging all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Apply metadata, tags, and semantic relationships to improve findability, compliance, and reuse.
definition: 创建、获取、精炼与维护内容，确保其准确、相关、一致且符合组织标准与预期用途；包括应用人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术；通过元数据、标签与语义关系提升可发现性、合规性与复用性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.6.5
preferred label: 内容开发与管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Evaluate performance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.7.3
broader: Measure and benchmark
definition: Assessing process data, measures, and trends in an effort to evaluate process performance and identify possible improvements.
definition: 分析流程数据、度量指标及趋势，以评估流程绩效并识别改进机会。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.7.3
preferred label: 评估绩效 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define product/service requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.2.3.1
broader: Define product/service development requirements
definition: Determining requirements related to the creation of the product/service. Explain potential achievements that could be made.
definition: 明确产品/服务创建相关的需求，并说明其潜在达成效果。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.2.3.1
preferred label: 定义产品和服务需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Develop marketing communication strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.6
broader: Develop marketing strategy
definition: Establishing marketing communications that deliver promotional messages, in a coordinated way, through multiple marketing channels, such as print, radio, television, direct mail, online or mobile advertising, email, social media or personal selling.
definition: 建立整合型营销传播体系，通过印刷、广播、电视、直邮、线上或移动端广告、电子邮件、社交媒体及人员销售等多种渠道，协同传递促销信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.6
preferred label: 制定营销传播策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and manage promotional activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.4
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Conceptualizing, testing, and executing product/service/brand promotions. Once a promotion has launched, this process continues as the organization tweaks parts of the promotion or chooses to use ideas or lessons learned during the promotion in future activities. The promotion's performance according to organizational measures is also evaluated in this process. Determine early on whether you need third party help with promotion. Purchase lists, consult with social media experts, hire seasonal staff, or pay for additional research.
definition: 策划、测试并执行产品/服务/品牌促销活动；活动上线后持续优化局部环节，并将经验教训应用于后续活动；同步依据组织指标评估促销成效；初期即判断是否需引入第三方支持（如购买客户名单、咨询社交媒体专家、雇佣季节性人员或追加专项调研）。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.4
preferred label: 制定并管理促销活动 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and manage sales plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5
broader: Market and Sell Products and Services
definition: Selling products/services. Set appropriate customer expectations. Work with customers using the same schedule that product/service development, production, and customer service functions follow. Manage sales personnel and sales partnerships/alliances.
definition: 开展产品/服务销售工作；合理设定客户期望；协同产品研发、生产与客户服务职能，执行统一运营节奏；统筹销售团队及销售合作伙伴/联盟管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5
preferred label: 制定并管理销售计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage leads/opportunities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.1
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Generating leads of prospective customers to grow the organization's business. Identify viable customers based on customer and market research. Discover leads through IT applications, cold calling, reference/network development, or other sales and business development techniques. Employ a scoring model qualify the prospective customers into leads, and prioritize them.
definition: 开拓潜在客户线索以驱动业务增长：基于客户与市场研究识别高潜力客户；通过IT应用、陌生拜访、推荐/网络拓展或其他销售与业务拓展手段获取线索；运用评分模型对潜在客户进行线索分级与优先级排序。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.1
preferred label: 管理销售线索/商机 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Collect and maintain account information
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.4.2
broader: Manage sales orders
definition: Collecting and maintaining all account information. Collect information about the purchase, servicing, return, and/or commitment of any products/services on part of the organization to its customers. Bring together information from various organizational divisions, and update periodically.
definition: 收集并维护全部客户账户信息；汇总组织向客户提供的产品/服务的采购、维保、退换及承诺等相关信息；整合跨部门数据并定期更新 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.4.2
preferred label: 收集与维护客户账户信息 @zh
domain: operating
level: 4

Procure materials and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: Creating a plan for procuring materials and services. Develop strategies for sourcing materials and services. Choose the most appropriate suppliers, and develop contracts with them. Order the materials and services as per the requirements. Manage relationships with suppliers.
definition: 制定物料与服务采购计划；制定采购策略；遴选最合适的供应商并签订合同；按需下达采购订单；管理供应商关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2
preferred label: 采购物料与服务 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Provide sourcing governance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.2.1
broader: Procure materials and services
definition: Creating strategies for procuring materials and services from various sources, and for managing and evaluating categories. Establish a procurement process that describes the approach for obtaining products and purchasing activities. Evaluate the sources. Create sourcing relationships in order to continuously improve. Re-evaluate purchasing activities.
definition: 制定多源采购物料与服务的策略及品类管理策略；建立明确采购路径与采购活动流程；评估供应来源；构建持续改进的采购合作关系；定期复评采购活动。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.2.1
preferred label: 实施采购治理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Produce/Assemble/Test product
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.3
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: Processing and delivering the finished goods manufactured by the organization. Schedule the production of products. Execute the product production activities. Perform tests to oversee and ensure quality of production. Maintain records of the production process. Track lots.
definition: 加工并交付组织自主制造的产成品；制定产品生产计划；执行产品生产作业；开展质量检验以监督和保障生产质量；维护生产过程记录；追踪批次信息。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.3
preferred label: 生产／装配／测试产品 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Operate warehousing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4.3
broader: Manage logistics and warehousing
definition: Tracking the inventory deployment. Accept and store products. Ship the products. Measure the accuracy of the inventory. Assess the performance of the outsourced logistics activities.
definition: 跟踪库存部署：接收并存储产品；发运产品；衡量库存准确性；评估外包物流活动绩效。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4.3
preferred label: 开展仓储运营 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage service delivery resource demand
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:5.2.1
broader: Manage service delivery resources
definition: Ensuring necessary resources are maintained through monitoring pipeline, developing forecasts, and collaborating with customers. Determine skills needed for service deliver and forecast customer orders. Monitor forecasted orders and modify if where needed. Measure forecast accuracy.
definition: 通过监控销售管线、开展需求预测及与客户协同，保障必要资源持续可用；明确服务交付所需技能，预测客户订单；持续监控预测订单并按需调整；评估预测准确率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 5.2.1
preferred label: 管理服务交付资源需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage employee information and analytics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.7
broader: Develop and Manage Human Resources
definition: Managing the employee reporting processes, employee inquiry process, employee information and data, and the HR information systems. Create and administer the employee metrics. Develop and handle the time and attendance systems. Refurbish the indicators for employee retention and motivation.
definition: 管理员工报告机制、员工咨询流程、员工信息与数据，以及人力资源（HR）信息系统；建立并运营员工绩效指标体系；开发并维护考勤与工时管理系统；优化员工留任与激励指标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.7
preferred label: 管理员工信息与人力分析 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage IT user identity and authorization
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.8
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: The process of identifying, authenticating, and authorizing IT users to have access to applications, systems, IT components, or networks by associating user rights and restrictions with established identities.
definition: 通过将用户权限与限制关联至已确立的身份标识，实现IT用户的识别、身份认证与授权，使其获得对应用、系统、IT组件或网络的访问权限。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.8
preferred label: 管理IT用户身份与授权 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage service/solution architecture
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.5.3
broader: Develop and manage services/solutions
definition: Creating the architecture for the IT services and solutions. Assess architecture and business constraints in order to understand integration requirements. Promote existing architecture. Manage exceptions.
definition: 构建 IT 服务与解决方案架构；评估架构与业务约束，明确集成需求；推广现有架构；管理例外情形。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.5.3
preferred label: 开发与管理服务/解决方案架构 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage service delivery operations
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.6
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Developing and managing different delivery services using service delivery systems for operational activities within the IT function in order to achieve organizations goal.
definition: 依托服务交付系统，开发并管理多样化交付服务，支撑IT职能日常运营，助力组织目标达成。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.6
preferred label: 开发与管理服务交付运营 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform financial reporting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.4
broader: Perform general accounting and reporting
definition: Reporting on the organization's financial status to stakeholders. Include balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements, and statements of shareholders' equity.
definition: 向利益相关方报告组织财务状况。涵盖资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表及股东权益变动表。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.4
preferred label: 开展财务报告 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage pay
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.5.2
broader: Process payroll
definition: Managing the total payments made in employees payroll, including bonuses and compensation.
definition: 管理员工薪酬总额支付，包括奖金与各类补偿。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.5.2
preferred label: 薪酬管理 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage treasury policies and procedures
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.1
broader: Manage treasury operations
definition: Managing rules and regulations for investments in trading in bonds, currencies, financial derivatives, etc. Establish policies and procedures for investments made. Optimize liquidity in treasury operations.
definition: 制定并管理债券、外汇、金融衍生品等交易投资所适用的规则与监管要求；建立投资政策与流程；优化司库运营中的流动性。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.1
preferred label: 管理资金政策与流程 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage cash
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.2
broader: Manage treasury operations
definition: Taking care of all cash-related activities in the business. Manage and reconcile cash positions. Manage cash equivalents. Process and oversee electronic fund transfers. Develop cash flow forecasts. Manage cash flows. Produce cash management accounting transactions and reports. Manage and oversee banking relationships. Analyze, negotiate, resolve, and confirm bank fees.
definition: 统筹管理企业全部现金相关活动；管理与核对现金头寸；管理现金等价物；处理并监督电子资金划转；编制现金流预测；管理现金流；生成现金管理会计分录与报告；管理并维护银企关系；分析、协商、解决及确认银行收费。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.2
preferred label: 管理现金 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage debt and investment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.7.4
broader: Manage treasury operations
definition: Taking care of the organization's financial position. Manage its loans or debts from different sources and investments. Leverage the most profitable options to balance the financial position in the market.
definition: 统筹管理组织整体财务状况；管理来自不同渠道的贷款或债务及各项投资；综合运用最具盈利性的融资与投资工具，实现市场财务结构的动态平衡。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.7.4
preferred label: 管理债务与投资 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Oversee and coordinate enterprise risk management activities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.1.2
broader: Manage enterprise risk
definition: Coordinating to plan, organize, lead, and control the activities of an organization in order to minimize the special effects of risk on capital and earnings.
definition: 统筹规划、组织、领导与控制组织活动，以最小化风险对资本与盈利的特殊影响。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.1.2
preferred label: 监督与协调企业风险管理活动 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage regulatory compliance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:11.2.2
broader: Manage compliance
definition: Obeying laws, guidelines, strategies, and stipulations related to the business.
definition: 遵守与业务相关的法律法规、指南、策略及规定。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 11.2.2
preferred label: 管理监管合规 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Manage legal and ethical issues
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:12.4
broader: Manage External Relationships
definition: Managing legal practices to abide by the law, as well as ethical practices.
definition: 规范法律实践，确保依法合规运营，同时践行商业伦理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 12.4
preferred label: 管理法律与伦理事务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Design the change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.2
broader: Manage change
definition: Developing plans for change management, training, communication, and rewards/incentives. Establish metrics for measuring the change adoption. Clarify new roles for employees. Identify budgets.
definition: 制定变革管理、培训、沟通及激励方案；建立变革采纳成效衡量指标；厘清新岗位职责；明确预算安排。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.2
preferred label: 设计变更方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop KM strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.5.1
broader: Develop and manage enterprise-wide knowledge management (KM) capability
definition: Creating a plan for managing the organization's knowledge base. Determine what kind of specialized knowledge the organization possesses, which elements of this collective knowledge can prove beneficial, how to capture and maintain this knowledge, how to grant access to this library of information, and how the organization should proceed.
definition: 制定组织知识库管理计划；明确组织所拥有的专业领域知识类型、其中可复用的关键知识要素、知识采集与维护方式、知识库访问机制，以及整体推进路径。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.5.1
preferred label: 制定知识管理战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Define and manage channel strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.2.4
broader: Develop marketing strategy
definition: Establishing all the activities needed to identify the appropriate channels to market to different customer segments as defined in Determine target segments [10117]. This involves finding channel partners, ensuring that the channels align with organizational strategy for each segment, and the final channel selection process.
definition: 开展所有必要活动，识别面向不同客户细分（参见确定目标细分［10117］）的适配营销渠道，包括遴选渠道合作伙伴、确保渠道与各细分市场的组织战略一致，以及最终完成渠道选择。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.2.4
preferred label: 定义并管理渠道策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop production and materials strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.1
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Creating strategies for production processes, as well as the process of managing materials. Define production and supply constraints. Design a blueprint of the workplace. Establish rules and regulations regarding the employees, outsourcing of services, and the expenditure to be incurred on the manufacturing capital.
definition: 制定生产流程及物料管理战略：界定生产与供应约束；设计工作场所蓝图；制定关于员工、服务外包及制造资本投入的规章制度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.1
preferred label: 制定生产与物料战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and manage reward, recognition, and motivation programs
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.5.1
broader: Reward and retain employees
definition: Developing a salary/compensation structure and plan; developing a benefits and reward plan; develop commission plan; performing competitive analyses of benefits and rewards; identifying compensation requirements based on compensation, benefits, and HR policies; administering compensation, commission, and rewards to employees; and rewarding and motivating employees.
definition: 制定薪酬结构与方案；设计福利与奖励计划；制定佣金方案；开展福利与奖励市场对标分析；依据薪酬、福利及人力资源政策明确薪酬需求；执行薪酬、佣金与奖励发放；实施员工激励与认可。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.5.1
preferred label: 制定并管理薪酬、认可与激励计划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage IT customer relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: Creating and administering relationships with IT customers. Understanding customer needs including high-level business requirements for IT transformation. Plan for and communicate IT services along with establishing IT service levels, providing transformation guidance, and performance analysis that foster IT customer relationships.
definition: 建立并维护与 IT 客户的关系：理解客户高层级业务需求（含 IT 转型需求）；规划并宣贯 IT 服务，设定 IT 服务级别，提供转型指导，并开展绩效分析以持续强化客户关系。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1
preferred label: 开发与管理IT客户关系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Provide IT transformation guidance
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.1.4
broader: Develop and manage IT customer relationships
definition: Understanding the necessity of IT transformation for the business. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI). Collect and analyze customer requirements. Identify opportunities and prioritize outcomes. Develop and support business case for transformation. Develop transformation plan and roadmap.
definition: 研判业务对 IT 转型的必要性（涵盖人工智能（AI）等各类新兴与演进技术）；收集并分析客户需求；识别机会并排序优先级；构建并支撑转型商业论证；制定转型计划与路线图。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.1.4
preferred label: 提供IT转型指导 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Control IT management system
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2.5
broader: Develop and manage IT business strategy
definition: Regulating the IT management system through performance measures, governance, analysis, and monitoring through a variety of analytic tools. Evaluate IT finances, resource, services, projects, and value for report out.
definition: 通过绩效度量、治理、分析与监控等多种分析工具，对IT管理体系实施管控；评估IT财务、资源、服务、项目及价值，并形成报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2.5
preferred label: 管控IT管理体系 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Implement technology solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6.4
broader: Deploy services/solutions
definition: Deploy the identified solutions for information technology important for healthy business operations. Confirm status and operational availability of IT resources. Perform testing and distribution of change. Execute roll-back protocol if necessary.
definition: 部署支撑企业健康运营的关键IT解决方案；确认IT资源的状态与运行可用性；开展变更测试与分发；必要时执行回退预案。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6.4
preferred label: 实施技术解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform general accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.2
broader: Perform general accounting and reporting
definition: Applying basic principles, concepts, and accounting practices in recording and preparing final accounts, and using accounting information in management.
definition: 在账务记录与决算报表编制中贯彻基本会计原则、概念与实务，并将会计信息运用于管理决策。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.2
preferred label: 执行通用会计核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform fixed-asset accounting
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.3.3
broader: Perform general accounting and reporting
definition: Accounting for long-term and fixed assets. Record purchased, fixed assets that are not easily convertible into cash. Account for costs, useful life, resale value, depreciation, and amortization.
definition: 长期资产与固定资产核算。记录购置的、不易变现的固定资产；核算其成本、使用寿命、残值、折旧及摊销。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.3.3
preferred label: 开展固定资产会计核算 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Assess the external environment
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.1.1
broader: Define the business concept and long-term vision
definition: Assessing all forces, entities, and systems that are external to an organization but can affect its operation. Analyze far-reaching currents in the macroeconomic situation, assess the competition, evaluate technological changes, and identify societal as well as ecological issues of concern. Create a big-picture understanding of externalities, with sufficient depth across individual aspects.
definition: 评估所有存在于组织外部但可能影响其运营的力量、实体与系统。分析宏观经济形势的深远趋势，评估竞争对手，研判技术变革，识别社会及生态领域的重要议题。构建对外部环境的全局性认知，并在各关键维度上具备足够深度。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.1.1
preferred label: 评估外部环境 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2
broader: Develop Vision and Strategy
definition: Developing an organization's mission statement, strategy, and business design. Create a concise statement that clearly articulates the mission of the organization, outlining practicable targets to Establish a strategic vision [10020]. Delineate strategic options by matching these alternatives with the organization's internal capabilities. Create an organizational design, and identify goals by developing strategies at the functional and process levels.
definition: 制定组织使命陈述、战略及业务设计。编制简洁有力的使命陈述，清晰阐明组织使命，并设定切实可行的目标以支撑‘确立战略愿景’[10020]；通过匹配组织内部能力，厘清各项战略选项；构建组织架构，并在职能与流程层面制定策略以明确发展目标。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2
preferred label: 制定业务战略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage product and service master data
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.1.4
broader: Govern and manage product/service development program
definition: Controlling/authorizing to enable services' and products' data and other critical data of these functions through a well secured storage and accessibility processes backed by siloed applications/IT systems.
definition: 通过安全可靠的存储与访问机制，依托隔离式应用/IT 系统，对产品与服务数据及其他关键职能数据实施管控与授权。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.1.4
preferred label: 管理产品和服务主数据 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and manage marketing plans
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3
broader: Market and Sell Products and Services
definition: Creating specific plans to market offerings to customers. This process group includes processes for making budgets, identifying and developing media, pricing products and services, managing packaging, managing marketing content and promotional activities, tracking and responding to customer insight and monitoring measures established within "develop marketing strategy". Additionally, in this process group, organizations take action on plans made in earlier processes. Here, marketing and customers are managed and measured along with any supporting materials.
definition: 制定面向客户的特定营销实施计划；本过程组涵盖预算编制、媒体识别与开发、产品与服务定价、包装管理、营销内容与促销活动管理、客户洞察跟踪与响应，以及“制定营销战略”环节所设定指标的监测；同时，组织在此阶段执行前期制定的计划，并对营销活动、客户及配套物料进行统筹管理与效果衡量。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3
preferred label: 制定并管理营销计划 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Process warranty claims
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:6.3.2
broader: Service products after sales
definition: Identifying, investigating, and processes warranty claims. This process includes: receipt and validation of a warranty claim; definition and diagnosis /root cause analysis of an issue and recommendation for corrective action; the determination of responsibility for settlement of the claim; the transaction being approved or denied; and the originator being notified and payment authorized. In the case of a recurring event, further investigation (definition and diagnosis or root cause analysis) is performed, and a recommendation for corrective action is made and implemented in production/design. It ends when the claim is closed.
definition: 识别、调查与处理保修索赔，涵盖：索赔受理与有效性验证；问题界定、根因诊断与纠正措施建议；理赔责任归属判定；索赔审批或否决；通知发起方并授权付款。若属重复性事件，则开展深入根因分析，制定并落地生产/设计层面的纠正措施；最终以索赔结案为终点。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 6.3.2
preferred label: 处理保修索赔 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop and Manage Human Resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.0
definition: Delivering processes traditionally defined as "human resources". Process groups include those related to developing and maintaining workforce strategy, recruiting employees, developing and counseling employees, managing employee relations, rewarding and retaining employees, redeploying and retiring employees, managing employee information, and managing employee communications.
definition: 履行传统定义为“人力资源”的各项流程。流程组涵盖：制定与维护人力资本战略、员工招聘、员工培养与辅导、员工关系管理、员工激励与保留、员工转岗与退休、员工信息管理、员工沟通管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.0
preferred label: 人力资本开发与管理 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: management_support
level: 1

Develop human resources strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.1
broader: Develop and manage human resources (HR) planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating a long-term plan that strategically aligns human resources with the company's goals. The HR function's focus is to ensure the organization has the necessary talent and capabilities to achieve its objectives, sustain its competitive advantage, and reduce employee turnover.
definition: 制定长期人力资源战略规划，确保人力资本与公司目标战略对齐。人力资源职能聚焦于保障组织具备实现目标所需的人才与能力，维持竞争优势，并降低员工流失率。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.1
preferred label: 制定人力资本战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage IT business strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.2
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: Handling the business of IT. Create a organization-wide strategy for the IT function. Define the organization's IT architecture. Manage the IT portfolio. Research and innovate in the field of IT. Assess and convey the performance and the value of the IT function.
definition: 统筹IT业务运营：制定全组织IT职能战略；定义企业IT架构；管理IT投资组合；开展IT领域研究与创新；评估并传达IT职能绩效与价值。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.2
preferred label: 制定并管理IT业务战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: Develop and include the processes required to rapidly adapt and respond to any internal or external opportunity, demand, disruption, or threat to IT and cybersecurity. Build a dynamic, strategic, and integrated approach to managing IT and cyber risks, compliance obligations, and resilience, while ensuring alignment with global standards and frameworks.
definition: 制定并纳入必要流程，以快速适应和响应任何内部或外部的机遇、需求、干扰或对 IT 与网络安全的威胁；构建动态化、战略性、一体化的 IT 与网络风险、合规义务及韧性的管理方法，并确保与全球标准及框架保持一致。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3
preferred label: 构建并管理IT韧性与风险 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Develop IT compliance, risk, and security strategy
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.1
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: Ensuring that the organization effectively manages IT and cybersecurity risks by developing rules, standards, and strategies that safeguard the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of IT and OT assets. Establish compliance objectives, align with recognized cybersecurity frameworks, and integrate IT and OT risk management to create a unified approach.
definition: 通过制定规则、标准与策略，有效管理 IT 与网络安全风险，保障 IT 与运营技术（OT）资产的机密性、完整性与可用性；确立合规目标，对标公认的网络安全框架，并融合 IT 与 OT 风险管理，形成统一方法。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.1
preferred label: 制定IT合规、风险与安全战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Control IT risk, compliance, and security
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.3.3
broader: Develop and manage IT resilience and risk
definition: Ensuring effective control over IT and cybersecurity risks, compliance obligations, and security measures. Formulate and execute guidelines in line with regulatory bodies and organizational security objectives. Implement proactive measures such as threat intelligence, vulnerability management, and OT-specific controls to safeguard the organization’s IT and OT environments. This is inclusive of all forms of new and evolving technology such as artificial intelligence (AI).
definition: 确保对 IT 与网络安全风险、合规义务及安全措施实施有效管控；制定并执行符合监管机构要求及组织安全目标的指导方针；实施威胁情报、漏洞管理及面向 OT 的专项控制等主动防护措施，全面保护组织的 IT 与 OT 环境；涵盖人工智能（AI）等所有新兴及演进技术。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.3.3
preferred label: 管控IT风险、合规与安全 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Deploy services/solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.6
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: Executing IT services/solutions by creating a strategy for deployment. Plan and execute the changes. Plan and administer the release of its IT services and solutions.
definition: 通过制定部署策略执行IT服务/解决方案；规划并实施变更；规划并统筹IT服务与解决方案的发布。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.6
preferred label: 部署服务/解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Define service support planning
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7.5
broader: Create and manage support services/solutions
definition: Develop strategies and methodologies to provide service support. Examine service levels, support complexity, stakeholder requirements to offer service support.
definition: 制定服务支持策略与方法论；结合服务水平、支持复杂度及利益相关方需求，提供服务支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7.5
preferred label: 定义服务支持规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Perform global trade services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.11
broader: Manage Financial Resources
definition: Making and collecting payments for transactions in products/services, and transporting them to interested markets.
definition: 执行产品和服务交易的付款与收款，并将其运抵目标市场。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.11
preferred label: 提供全球贸易服务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Define and evaluate strategic options to achieve the mission
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:1.2.2
broader: Develop business strategy
definition: Assessing sets of strategic decisions designed to drive the organization's long-term objectives. Identify various strategies concerning core functional areas. Appraise strategic options in light of auxiliary decision frameworks that ensure smooth functioning, the advancement of functional efficiencies, and vitality. Involve senior management executives, especially strategy and/or business unit personnel, with need-based consultative assistance from professional services providers.
definition: 评估一系列旨在驱动组织长期目标达成的战略决策。识别覆盖核心职能领域的各类战略；结合辅助性决策框架，评估各战略选项对保障平稳运行、提升职能效率及增强组织活力的影响；由高管层（尤其是战略与业务单元负责人）主导，按需引入专业服务机构提供咨询支持。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 1.2.2
preferred label: 定义并评估实现使命的战略选项 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage asset end-of-life
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:10.4
broader: Acquire, Construct, and Manage Assets
definition: Managing the disposition of assets at their end-of-life. End-of-life for an asset may be due to obsolescence, replacement, excess capacity, or disrepair among other potential factors. Steps may include decommissioning, disassembly, recycling, etc. Tracking and reporting may also be appropriate for some or all asset types due to law, regulation, or social/environmental responsibility.
definition: 管理资产全生命周期末期处置工作。资产退役原因可能包括技术淘汰、更新替换、冗余产能或严重损毁等；处置方式包括停用、拆解、回收等；部分或全部资产类型需依法律、法规及社会责任要求开展追踪与报告。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 10.4
preferred label: 管理资产生命周期终结 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Develop, Manage, and Deliver Analytics
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.8
broader: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
definition: Creating new and improving existing analytical capabilities to enhance data management pipeline.
definition: 构建新型分析能力并优化现有能力，以增强数据管理流水线效能。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.8
preferred label: 开发、管理与交付分析服务 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage Information Technology (IT)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.0
definition: Managing process groups relevant to the business of information technology within an organization. The process groups include "Develop and manage IT customer relationships", "Develop and manage IT business strategy", " Develop and manage IT resilience and risk", " Manage information", " Develop and manage services/solutions", "Deploy services/solutions", and " Create and manage support services/solutions".
definition: 统筹管理组织内信息技术相关的过程组，包括：开发与管理 IT 客户关系、开发与管理 IT 业务战略、开发与管理 IT 韧性与风险、信息管理、服务/解决方案开发与管理、服务/解决方案部署、支持服务/解决方案创建与管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.0
preferred label: 管理信息技术（IT） @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: management_support
level: 1

Process accounts payable (AP)
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.6.1
broader: Process accounts payable and expense reimbursements
definition: Processing payments of operating expenses and other supplier charges. This includes the development of policies and procedures around processing of accounts payable and all operations. This process is often supported by key technology enablers.
definition: 处理运营费用及其他供应商应付款项。包括制定应付账款及相关业务操作的政策与流程，通常依托关键信息技术支撑。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.6.1
preferred label: 处理应付账款（AP） @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage pricing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.3.3
broader: Develop and manage marketing plans
definition: Determining and maintaining a pricing mechanism based on forecasted sales and that enables a pricing equilibrium for the lifecycles of products/services. Create a pricing mechanism, factoring in attributes relating to the market, customers, sales, and the cost of production. Implement this pricing mechanism over all products/services. Analyze its performance, and adjust accordingly.
definition: 构建基于销量预测的动态定价机制，实现产品/服务全生命周期的价格均衡；综合考量市场、客户、销售及生产成本等因素制定定价规则；覆盖全部产品/服务；持续评估执行效果并动态调整。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.3.3
preferred label: 制定并管理定价策略 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Develop sales partner/alliance relationships
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.4.2
broader: Develop sales strategy
definition: Cultivating an alliance of partners by identifying, analyzing, negotiating, and managing partnerships with other economic agents.
definition: 构建合作伙伴联盟体系，涵盖伙伴识别、分析、谈判与关系管理全流程。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.4.2
preferred label: 建立并管理销售合作伙伴/联盟关系 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan distribution requirements
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1.5
broader: Plan for and align supply chain resources
definition: Maintaining master data of finished products and inventory. Identify the requirements of finished products at the destination, as well as partner requirements. Calculate the consolidation at source. Manage replenishment planning. Create and administer a dispatch plan. Calculate load plans for destinations and partners. Manage the cost of supplying these products. Ensure effective utilization of capacity.
definition: 维护成品与库存主数据；识别终端客户及合作伙伴需求；计算源头集货量；管理补货计划；制定并执行发货计划；测算终端客户与合作伙伴的装载计划；管控产品供应成本；确保产能高效利用。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1.5
preferred label: 规划分销需求 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Manage logistics and warehousing
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.4
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: Administering and overseeing all activities related to logistics and warehousing. Outline and establish a strategy for the logistics function. Plan and administer the flow of inbound materials. Administer the operational activities of warehousing and outbound transportation. Manage reverse logistics including returns and exchanges.
definition: 统筹管理与物流及仓储相关的全部活动。制定并确立物流职能战略；规划并管控进厂物料流动；执行仓储及出厂运输的日常运营；管理逆向物流，包括退货与换货。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.4
preferred label: 管理物流与仓储 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Manage Financial Resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:9.0
definition: Overseeing key back-office processes for organizations. This category includes process groups related to planning and management accounting, revenue accounting, general accounting and reporting, fixed-asset project accounting, payroll, accounts payable and expense reimbursements, treasury operations, internal controls, tax management, international funds/consolidation, and global trade services.
definition: 统筹组织关键后台流程，涵盖规划与管理会计、收入会计、总账会计与报告、固定资产项目会计、薪酬管理、应付账款与费用报销、资金运营、内部控制、税务管理、国际资金/合并报表、全球贸易服务等领域 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 9.0
preferred label: 管理财务资源 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: management_support
level: 1

Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.0
definition: Performing activities by an organization that are fundamental to the successful operation of the organization, even across functions in a business. Capabilities defined in the PCF include business process management; portfolio, program, and project management; quality management; change management; benchmarking; environmental health and safety management; and knowledge management.
definition: 组织为保障高效运转而开展的基础性跨职能活动。PCF 定义的能力包括：业务流程管理；投资组合、项目集与项目管理；质量管理；变更管理；标杆管理；环境、健康与安全管理；知识管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.0
preferred label: 开发与管理业务能力 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: management_support
level: 1

Design and prototype products and services
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:2.3.1
broader: Develop products and services
definition: Sketching and standardizing product and service based on the market. Analyze the data market competitiveness and innovation attained for the product and service development.
definition: 基于市场需求开展产品与服务的草图绘制与标准化；分析产品与服务开发所达成的市场竞争力与创新水平。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 2.3.1
preferred label: 设计并构建产品和服务原型 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan for change
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:13.4.1
broader: Manage change
definition: Evaluating impact and planning change activities. Spanning the lifecycle of change from initial concept, to designing, implementing, and sustaining the change, change planning identifies the activities to enage and enable the stakeholders and all impacted by the change. Change plans should address the interplay between people, process, technology, and knowledge to guide the transition, or tranformation, from current state to the future state.
definition: 评估变革影响并统筹变革活动；覆盖从初始构想到设计、实施及持续维持的全生命周期；变革规划需明确利益相关方参与路径与赋能机制；统筹人员、流程、技术与知识四大维度，引导组织由现状平稳迈向目标状态。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 13.4.1
preferred label: 变更规划 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Develop and manage sales proposals, bids, and quotes
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:3.5.3
broader: Develop and manage sales plans
definition: Understanding and refining the customer requirements as provided in a RFP (Request for Proposal) or RFI (Request for Information). When compiling the response, they must take into consideration whether the requirements are a match with the strategic or tactical plans of the organization and whether they are able to submit a bid/proposal that is competitive based on an understanding of the offerings of other competing organizations. The next step will be to define the pricing and scheduling of the proposed solution and determine whether the proposal will be profitable for the company if accepted. The bid is then submitted and a notification of whether or not it was successful is received.
definition: 理解并优化客户在招标文件（RFP）或信息征询函（RFI）中提出的需求。编制响应方案时，需评估该需求是否契合组织的愿景与战略或战术规划，并判断能否基于对竞争对手产品和服务的了解，提交具备竞争力的投标/提案。后续需明确拟议解决方案的定价与实施计划，并评估若中标，该提案是否能为公司带来盈利。完成投标后提交方案，并接收中标或落标通知。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 3.5.3
preferred label: 销售方案、投标与报价的制定与管理 @zh
domain: operating
level: 3

Plan for and align supply chain resources
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.1
broader: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
definition: Creating strategies for production and materials. Handle the demand for the products of the organization. Develop plans for handling materials. Develop and administer the schedule for master production. Plan for distribution requirements and its constraints by reviewing and assessing distribution policies and performance and by establishing quality standards and procedures.
definition: 制定生产与物料战略：应对组织产品需求；编制物料管理计划；制定并执行主生产计划；通过审查评估分销政策与绩效、设定质量标准与程序，规划分销需求及其约束条件。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.1
preferred label: 规划并统筹供应链资源 @zh
domain: operating
level: 2

Develop and implement workforce planning, policies, and strategies
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:7.1.2
broader: Develop and manage human resources (HR) planning, policies, and strategies
definition: Creating and executing strategies and policies for smooth administration of workforce. Determine and gather skill requirements. Plan the requirements for employee resourcing per unit. Create compensation, succession, HR program, and employee diversity plans. Develop and administer policies for HR. Develop benefits for employees. Create models for work force strategies.
definition: 制定并执行保障人力资本高效运营的战略与政策；识别并汇总技能需求；按业务单元规划人力配置需求；制定薪酬、继任、人力资源项目及员工多元化计划；制定并推行人力资源政策；设计员工福利方案；构建人力资本战略模型。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 7.1.2
preferred label: 制定并实施员工队伍规划、政策与战略 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 3

Create and manage support services/solutions
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:8.7
broader: Manage Information Technology (IT)
definition: Establishing and managing services for providing support to users of IT services and solutions. Define the plethora of services by which the organization assists users of computers, software products, or other information technology products.
definition: 建立并管理面向 IT 服务与解决方案用户的支撑服务，明确组织为计算机、软件产品及其他信息技术产品用户提供支持的各类服务。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 8.7
preferred label: 创建与管理支持服务/解决方案 @zh
domain: management_support
level: 2

Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
type: Concept
type: ProcessNode
source: PCF:4.0
definition: Performing supply chain activities include planning supply chain, procuring materials and services, and managing logistics.
definition: 开展供应链活动，包括供应链规划、物资与服务采购、物流管理。 @zh
in scheme: O'Process Framework (OPF)
notation: 4.0
preferred label: 管理实物产品供应链 @zh
top concept of: O'Process Framework (OPF)
domain: operating
level: 1

O'Process Framework (OPF)
type: ConceptScheme
modified: 2026-03-15T19:47:44.016536+00:00
title: O'Process 流程分类框架 @zh
version info: 2.1.0
has top concept: Develop Vision and Strategy
has top concept: Acquire, Construct, and Manage Assets
has top concept: Manage Enterprise Risk, Compliance, Remediation, and Resiliency
has top concept: Manage External Relationships
has top concept: Develop and Manage Business Capabilities
has top concept: Develop and Manage Products and Services
has top concept: Market and Sell Products and Services
has top concept: Manage Supply Chain for Physical Products
has top concept: Deliver Services
has top concept: Manage Customer Service
has top concept: Develop and Manage Human Resources
has top concept: Manage Information Technology (IT)
has top concept: Manage Financial Resources